CN101337855B - Oxydant of potassium perchlorate type special for fireworks and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Oxydant of potassium perchlorate type special for fireworks and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101337855B CN101337855B CN2008100320625A CN200810032062A CN101337855B CN 101337855 B CN101337855 B CN 101337855B CN 2008100320625 A CN2008100320625 A CN 2008100320625A CN 200810032062 A CN200810032062 A CN 200810032062A CN 101337855 B CN101337855 B CN 101337855B
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- Prior art keywords
- potassium perchlorate
- potassium
- oxidant
- fireworks
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- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001864 baryta Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008431 aliphatic amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940098695 palmitic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000004 severe toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a special potassium perchlorate oxidant for fireworks, particularly to an oxidant for producing fireworks and a preparation method thereof. The oxidant contains potassium perchlorate as the main component and no potassium chlorate as well as banned substances prescribed by the state. The key point of the invention is that a surfactant is used for modifying the potassium perchlorate and that other functional materials are added to improve the use and the storage properties of the potassium perchlorate. The oxidant solves the problems such as agglomeration of potassium perchlorate product after long-term storage, difficulty in firing the prepared oxidant, the need of a special high-potassium lead, easy extinguishing of the lead and less loading amount of powder cake. The oxidant comprises 70 to 90 parts of potassium perchlorate, 2 to 8 parts of nitrate, 5 to 8 parts of sulfate, 0 to 8 parts of carbonate, 5 to 8 parts of a density regulator, and 0.1 to 0.3 parts of the surfactant (external application). The oxidant has the advantages that (1) the product has low moisture absorption rate and good looseness and flowability by surface modification; (2) the powder mixed with a reducer has good firing property, and the fireworks are superior to the high-potassium product in ignition rate, paper shredding rate and sound intensity level value; and (3) the produce has lower cost than the high-potassium product and more powder loading amount.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical gunpowder preparation field, relate to a kind of production fireworks firecracker gun powder oxygenant and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
For many years, the Potcrate that adopt are made oxygenant more in firecrackers production, and Potcrate has easy decomposition and emits characteristics such as oxygen, price is low, performance is good, but because its decomposition temperature is low and emit heat during decomposition, so itself just has the characteristics of explosive.Particularly it and combustible agent, as sulphur, organism, mixing such as aluminium powder back decomposition temperature can reduce greatly, the impact of firecrackers medicament and the friction sensitivity of its making are all very high, all reach 100%, the explosion hazard that takes place of fireworks industry has 60% or more that to make oxygenant relevant with use Potcrate according to investigations.Country has issued Potcrate has been managed as industrial explosive material for this reason, forbids using in fireworks the ban of Potcrate, and standard has also been carried out corresponding modification.Seek safe oxygenant in the industry and become hot topic to replace Potcrate fully, first-selection is that potassium perchlorate replaces Potcrate fully.Potassium perchlorate oxygen level height, rate of moisture absorption is low, chemical stability good, heat decomposition temperature is higher than Potcrate, and its decomposition reaction is thermo-negative reaction, and safety performance is better than Potcrate greatly, but has compared several shortcomings with Potcrate as oxygenant:
1. its decomposition temperature is more than 600 ℃, and only 368 ℃ of Potcrate decomposition temperatures are so potassium perchlorate medicament difficult point fire requires to use igniting to dash the big dedicated pin of energy;
2. price is expensive, is higher than Potcrate 50～80%, the cost height;
3. its density is higher more than 50% than Potcrate, so the powder charge cake is few, and owing to the difficult point fire, often causes the rate of burning till to descend owing to putting out to draw, even does not reach national standard.Therefore seek on performance, on the cost and suitable on the result of use, and in security, be better than the safe oxygenant of Potcrate greatly with Potcrate, significant to the fireworks industry, also be to guarantee industrial security, the essential condition of sound development.In recent years, numerous industry scientific research personnel are attempting to have addressed this problem and done a large amount of tests and research, see " firecrackers safety oxygenant " (application number is 200410016899.2), " powder of firecracker prepared from potassium perchlorate " (application number 200510057003.2), " fireworks and crackers safety oxygenant " (application number 200410046749.6), " composite crystal oxidant " (application number 200310306901.0), " composite oxidant for fireworks and crackers and preparation method thereof " (application number 200610088280.1), " a kind of low property composite crystal powder additive that is used for fireworks " (ZL200410022985.4), " novel Sparkler oxidant " (ZL200410046707.2) waits patent documentation to put down in writing.Mostly adopted nitrate of baryta to make the secondary oxidizer of potassium perchlorate in these patents, cost decreases, but performance is poorer than pure high potassium product, and nitrate of baryta belongs to the heavy metal salt, and severe toxicity is arranged, and a large amount of uses can bring new environmental issue.What have also exists Detonating Characteristics not good, or because moisture absorption causes shelf characteric to change, or the cost height, the shortcoming of complicated process of preparation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of starting to exchange fire property good, and it is good to set off performance (burning till rate, paper breaking rate sound level and shelf characteric), and cost can be fireworks that industry accepts again with special-purpose oxygenant of potassium perchlorate and preparation method thereof.
The weight percent of various compositions is in the Oxydant of potassium perchlorate type special for fireworks:
Potassium perchlorate 70～90
Nitrate 2～8
Vitriol 5～8
Carbonate 0～8
Density adjuster 5～8
Tensio-active agent (adding) 0.1～0.3
Nitrate is one or both in nitrate of baryta, the saltpetre in the mentioned component; Vitriol is one or both or three kinds in zinc sulfate, ferric sulfate, the calcium sulfate; Carbonate is the light calcium carbonate powder of fineness more than 325 orders; Density adjuster is a white carbon black, one or both in swelling perlite powder, the hollow plastics microballon or three kinds; Tensio-active agent is that carbon is 12～18 solid-state aliphatic amide or in the lipid acid one or both in the carbochain.
The preparation method of the special-purpose oxygenant of potassium perchlorate type is: as required, the above composition (is removed tensio-active agent, because tensio-active agent is for adding) weight percent is by absolutely configuring, after first then tensio-active agent potassium perchlorate is first and that add is mixed and modified, mix with other compositions again, obtain the special-purpose oxygenant product of potassium perchlorate type.
The present invention compared with prior art remarkable advantage is:
1. safety performance is better than former Potcrate product greatly, even also is better than pure potassium perchlorate product.
2. because potassium perchlorate has been carried out the processing of modification homogenizing, the product free-running property is good, be convenient to mix medicine, and heat-resistant quality is good, and shelf characteric is good.
Though 3. reduced high potassium application rate,, more, perchloric acid can have been played one's part to the full because vitriol and carbonate have played the effect of catalysis and dispersion agent to potassium perchlorate because added nitrate provides additional oxygen than pure high potassium product.
4. the medicament that is made into of the product performance of starting to exchange fire is good, can light reliably with qualified common lead-in wire, does not need the expensive dedicated pin of price.
5. because the consumption of nitrate is few, below 8%, so do not have saltpetre and a nitrate of baryta make the problem of medicament inefficacy with the solid flashing composition reaction, do not exist yet the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medicament moisture absorption and storage period problem such as degradation.
6. the preparation method is simple.
After this product development success, receive praises from customers.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Prescription: potassium perchlorate 75
Nitrate of baryta 6
Zinc sulfate 7
Light calcium carbonate 4
Swelling perlite powder 6
White carbon black 2
Synthetic fatty acid 0.2
After potassium perchlorate and synthetic fatty acid are mixed and modified, mix with other composition again and promptly obtain the Oxydant of potassium perchlorate type special for fireworks product.
Embodiment 2
Prescription: potassium perchlorate 82
Saltpetre 3
Calcium sulfate 6
Light calcium carbonate 2
Swelling perlite powder+white carbon black 7
Palmiticacid+stearic acid 0.2
After with Palmiticacid+stearic acid potassium perchlorate being carried out modification and handles, again with other composition mix the Oxydant of potassium perchlorate type special for fireworks product.
Claims (3)
1. Oxydant of potassium perchlorate type special for fireworks, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of various compositions is in this special use oxygenant:
Potassium perchlorate 70～90
In nitrate of baryta, the saltpetre one or both 2～8
In zinc sulfate, ferric sulfate, the calcium sulfate one or both or three kind 5～8
The light calcium carbonate powder 0～8 of fineness more than 325 orders
In white carbon black, swelling perlite powder, the hollow plastics microballon one or both or three kind 5～8
Tensio-active agent 0.1～0.3 adds.
2. the special-purpose oxygenant of potassium perchlorate type according to claim 1 is characterized in that: tensio-active agent is that carbon is 12～18 solid-state aliphatic amide or in the lipid acid one or both in the carbochain.
3. a method for preparing the special-purpose oxygenant of the described potassium perchlorate type of claim 1 is characterized in that: after potassium perchlorate elder generation and the tensio-active agent that adds are mixed and modified, mix with other compositions again, obtain the special-purpose oxygenant product of potassium perchlorate type.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100320625A CN101337855B (en) | 2008-08-13 | 2008-08-13 | Oxydant of potassium perchlorate type special for fireworks and method for preparing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100320625A CN101337855B (en) | 2008-08-13 | 2008-08-13 | Oxydant of potassium perchlorate type special for fireworks and method for preparing same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101337855A CN101337855A (en) | 2009-01-07 |
| CN101337855B true CN101337855B (en) | 2011-06-22 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100320625A Expired - Fee Related CN101337855B (en) | 2008-08-13 | 2008-08-13 | Oxydant of potassium perchlorate type special for fireworks and method for preparing same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101337855B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101613245B (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2012-05-23 | 湖南南岭民用爆破器材股份有限公司 | Safe oxidant for firecrackers |
| CN101857407A (en) * | 2010-05-29 | 2010-10-13 | 吴家福 | Novel firecracker sealing agent |
| CN106495971A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-15 | 湖南荣晖实业有限公司 | Luxuriant medicine is opened without sulfur |
| CN110330399A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-15 | 湖南荣晖新材料有限公司 | A kind of fireworks and firecrackers composite material and preparation method and application |
| CN113372181A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-10 | 湖南庆泰烟花制造有限公司 | Oxidant for fireworks and firecrackers lead and preparation method thereof |
| CN115304436A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-08 | 西藏浏河化工发展有限公司 | A kind of modified potassium perchlorate production process |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1669999A (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-09-21 | 张龙替 | Low performance composite crystal powder additive for fireworks and firecrackers |
| CN1686971A (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2005-10-26 | 刘成忠 | Powder of firecracker prepared from potassium perchlorate |
| CN1743297A (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-08 | 龙文革 | Fireworks and firecrackers oxidant |
| CN1746141A (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-15 | 马英天 | Safety oxidizer for firecrackers |
| CN101100410A (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-09 | 南京理工大学 | Composite oxidant for fireworks and firecrackers and preparation method thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-08-13 CN CN2008100320625A patent/CN101337855B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1669999A (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-09-21 | 张龙替 | Low performance composite crystal powder additive for fireworks and firecrackers |
| CN1743297A (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-08 | 龙文革 | Fireworks and firecrackers oxidant |
| CN1746141A (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-15 | 马英天 | Safety oxidizer for firecrackers |
| CN1686971A (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2005-10-26 | 刘成忠 | Powder of firecracker prepared from potassium perchlorate |
| CN101100410A (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-09 | 南京理工大学 | Composite oxidant for fireworks and firecrackers and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101337855A (en) | 2009-01-07 |
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