CN109020764A - A kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament - Google Patents
A kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament Download PDFInfo
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- CN109020764A CN109020764A CN201811263106.5A CN201811263106A CN109020764A CN 109020764 A CN109020764 A CN 109020764A CN 201811263106 A CN201811263106 A CN 201811263106A CN 109020764 A CN109020764 A CN 109020764A
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- Prior art keywords
- nonsulfide
- parts
- weight
- environment protection
- firework medicament
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/02—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate
- C06B31/12—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicaments.It is characterized by comprising oxidant, fuel agent and adhesive, the oxidant is the mixture that barium nitrate and ammonium perchlorate form, and the fuel agent is nitrate compound.The advantages such as the present invention has safety and environmental protection, and good hygroscopicity, mechanical sensitivity be low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicaments, wherein oxidant is made with ammonium perchlorate and barium nitrate,
Nitro compound does fuel agent, to substantially increase fireworks production security and reduce the production cost of fireworks powder.
Background technique
In the prior art, fireworks industry still largely uses propellant powder of the black powder (military project nitre) as display shell, at present
The black powder formula used are as follows: potassium nitrate 75%, potassium nitrate 75%, waste of flax charcoal 15%.Black powder has excellent ignition performance,
It is a kind of low speed gunpowder, detonation is generated after lighting without detonation.Its shortcoming is that workmanship ability is too small, and energy is low, burning
Shi Youyan, easy to moisture absorption, mechanical sensitivity is high.Impact sensitivity: (hammer weighs 10 kilograms, drop height 25cm) 52-60% explosion, friction sensitivity
(3.923MPa, 90 degree of pivot angle) 100%, due to friction sensitivity height, fireworks industry and pyrotechnic composition manufacturing enterprise often generate great peace
Full accident causes personal injury and property loss.Serious dirt is caused to environment in addition, generating a large amount of sulfur dioxide when firework display
Dye.
Therefore, in the novel nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament that fireworks industry develops low sensitivity, safety is good, environmentally friendly,
Production safety is further increased, and solves black powder transportation safety, is a major issue in the urgent need to address.
Summary of the invention
That the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of mechanical sensitivities is low, has a safety feature, environmental protection and manufacturing method is simple
A kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament, is characterized in that including oxidant, fuel agent and adhesive, described
Oxidant is the mixture that barium nitrate and ammonium perchlorate form, and the fuel agent is nitrate compound.
In the inventive solutions, oxidant is 65-75 parts by weight, fuel agent 20-30 parts by weight, adhesive 1-5
Parts by weight.
In the inventive solutions, the barium nitrate in the oxidant is 4-20 parts by weight, ammonium perchlorate 45-61
Parts by weight.
In the inventive solutions, the nitrate compound is in guanidine nitrate, nitrourea or triaminoguanidine nitric acid
The combination of any one or more.
In the inventive solutions, described adhesive is selected from starch, dextrin, starch derivatives, bamboo charcoal fiber cotton, gathers
The combination of any one or more in vinyl alcohol, end hydroxy butadiene and resin.
In the inventive solutions, the bamboo charcoal fiber is methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose or cellulose acetate；
The resin is phenolic resin.
In the inventive solutions, the nitrate compound is sodium nitrate.
In the inventive solutions, described adhesive is ethyl cellulose.
In the inventive solutions, oxidant is 65 parts by weight, and fuel agent is 30 parts by weight, and adhesive is 5 weight
Part.
In the inventive solutions, fuel agent selects nitrate compound as fuel agent, they are preferably: nitric acid
Guanidine, nitrourea, the combination of any one or more in triaminoguanidine nitric acid (TAGN), instead of the sulphur in traditional black powder
Sulphur, charcoal.Above compound decomposes to give off gas (CO2、NO2), enough specific volumes can be provided, generate a large amount of gas explosion.
Above-mentioned several fuel agents, according to economy, performance, raw material sources, production is simple etc., factors make balance, and the present invention is most preferably
Using guanidine nitrate as fuel agent.
In the inventive solutions, more preferably, the additional amount of oxidant and fuel agent keeps balance, so that oxidant
Being capable of providing enough oxygen promotes above-mentioned fuel agent to decompose.Preferred oxidant of the present invention accounts for nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament
Mass percent is 65-75 parts by weight, and fuel agent accounts for 20-30 parts by weight.
In the inventive solutions, the selection of adhesive, it is main to consider to use convenient for medicine granules, make granulated drug
With enough intensity and toughness.Alternative adhesive has: amylodextrin and a series of starch derivatives, polyvinyl alcohol,
Phenolic resin, hydroxyl polybutadiene, bamboo charcoal fiber cotton (such as methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate) tens
Kind, any of them or a variety of combinations can be selected according to the specific requirements of variety classes fireworks.In summary adhesive product
Kind, and from granulating and drying speed, the volatility of solvent, toxicity, the present invention most preferably ethyl cellulose is as Granulating Bonding Agent.
The present invention is further preferred, and oxidant adds appropriate barium nitrate based on ammonium perchlorate, to reduce cost.
In the inventive solutions, can also select to add as needed suitable magnesium, aluminium, almag, boron, silicon,
The metals such as ferrosilicon are nonmetallic to improve quick-fried temperature, quick-fried heat, so that having enough quick-fried temperature, quick-fried heat when fuel agent detonation, in favor of mentioning
High impetus and compare punching performance.But it on the one hand to avoid increasing substantially cost, and above-mentioned additive is excessive, gunpowder in right amount
Power is excessively high, will form big detonation and is fried rotten fireworks launch tube.
In the inventive solutions, the barium nitrate by recrystallization can be used in barium nitrate.General barium nitrate is not
Regular polyhedron crystallization, and the barium nitrate that recrystallizes is controllable brilliant is formed spherical, the heat that when decomposition reaction is absorbed need to only lead to
With the 50% of barium nitrate, it is more suitable for making the oxidant of display shell propellant powder.Steppecd crystallization can be used in barium nitrate recrystallization process.
Such as: barium nitrate is dissolved in crystallizing pond in 3-4 DEG C of chilled water, temperature is controlled in 4 DEG C, 6 DEG C, 8 DEG C, 10 DEG C and crystallizes 40 respectively
± 5 minutes, centrifugal dehydration in 60-100 DEG C of drying, crushed, and obtaining the granularity at least containing 95% weight ratio is 120-300 purpose
Spherical Barium Nitrate Crystal.
In the inventive solutions, more preferably, ammonium perchlorate can be surface-treated through silane coupling agent, through handling
Perchlorate have higher activity.
The present invention is improvements over the prior art innovation, and advantage and good effect are:
1, due to making oxidant using barium nitrate and high villaumite, molten point is improved, fusing point is up to 500-600 DEG C, avoids original
In black powder the shortcomings that sulphur low-temperature decomposition (black powder ignition point is 290-310 DEG C), even if hit, friction generates heat point not
It can ignite entire drug and explosion accident occurs.It detects and ties through fireworks and firecrackers product safety quality surveillance inspection center of Hunan Province
Fruit: impact sensitivity 34%, friction sensitivity 0%, 410 DEG C of ignition point, hydroscopicity 1%.Safe performance indexes are more than traditional black powder.
2, fireworks display shell gun propellant charge amount only needs the 1/3 of original-pack dose, and impetus, specific impulse are more than 2 times of black powder,
Reduce fireworks manufacturing enterprise pyrotechnic composition drug cost.
3, since new drug hydroscopicity is low, there is excellent storage stability, solve black powder disadvantage easy to moisture absorption.
4, since drug of the invention excludes safely sulfur component, when making firework display, sulfur dioxide is eliminated to environment
Pollution, environmental-protecting performance greatly improves.Novel no sulphur pyrotechnic composition can be used for large-scale display shell, small-sized display shell (potted flower), color pearl
Cylinder, fireworks rocket promoting drug etc..
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below by way of specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Take 10 parts of barium nitrate, 55 parts of ammonium perchlorate, 30 parts of guanidine nitrate, 5 parts of ethyl cellulose, appropriate amount of ethanol.It is mixed in mixing machine
It closes 30 minutes, enters back into pelletizer, spray into ethanol in proper amount, be granulated, be dry, screening (crossing 2.24-0.80 sieve pore) packaging, that is, making
It completes.Above-mentioned composition is detected according to GJB772A-9702601HE602.2 method, (hammer weighs 10 kilograms to impact sensitivity, drop height
25cm), measured value 13%, friction sensitivity: (gauge pressure 1.25MPa, 90 degree of pivot angle), measured value 0%.Hydroscopicity 0.15%, kindling
403 DEG C of temperature, the height that flame sensitivity 25.8(sparking rate is 50%).Potassium chlorate, lead, mercury, arsenic, sulphur are zero.
The trial fire of display shell inner cylinder, 76.1 meters of firing altitude (75 meters of black powder), explosive payload are the 1/3 of traditional black powder.
Embodiment 2
Formula: 45 parts by weight of ammonium perchlorate, 20 parts by weight of barium nitrate, 30 parts by weight of guanidine nitrate, 5 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose.
Process, technological parameter and detection method rise to 1.5% with 1. hydroscopicity of embodiment, and 70 meters of firing altitude,
His test index is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Formula: 45 parts by weight of ammonium perchlorate, 30 parts by weight of barium nitrate, 20 parts by weight of guanidine nitrate, 5 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose.
Process, technological parameter and detection method are with 1. hydroscopicity 2% of embodiment, and 65 meters of firing altitude, other tests refer to
Mark is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Formula: 60 parts by weight of ammonium perchlorate, 5 parts by weight of barium nitrate, 30 parts by weight of guanidine nitrate, 5 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose.
Process, technological parameter and detection method are the same as 1. hydroscopicity 0.10% of embodiment, the same embodiment of other test indexs
1。
Embodiment 5
Formula: 61 parts by weight of ammonium perchlorate, 4 parts by weight of barium nitrate, 30 parts by weight of guanidine nitrate, 5 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose.
Process, technological parameter and detection method are the same as 1. hydroscopicity 0.08% of embodiment, the same embodiment of other test indexs
1。
Although the present invention is described with reference to current specific embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art
It should be appreciated that above embodiment is intended merely to illustrate the present invention, can also make in the case where no disengaging principle of the invention
Various equivalent change or replacement out, therefore, as long as to the variation of above-described embodiment, change within the scope of substantial principle of the invention
Type will all be fallen in the range of following claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament, it is characterised in that: including oxidant, fuel agent and adhesive, the oxygen
Agent is the mixture that barium nitrate and ammonium perchlorate form, and the fuel agent is nitrate compound.
2. a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: oxidant 65-75
Parts by weight, fuel agent are 20-30 parts by weight, adhesive 1-5 parts by weight.
3. a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the oxidant
Barium nitrate be 4-20 parts by weight, ammonium perchlorate 45-61 parts by weight.
4. a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament according to claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: the nitric acid chemical combination
Any one or more combination of the object in guanidine nitrate, nitrourea or triaminoguanidine nitric acid.
5. a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described adhesive is in starch, dextrin, starch derivatives, bamboo charcoal fiber cotton, polyvinyl alcohol, end hydroxy butadiene and resin
The combination of any one or more.
6. a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the bamboo charcoal fiber is
Methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose or cellulose acetate；The resin is phenolic resin.
7. a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating nitrate compound is sodium nitrate.
8. a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating adhesive is ethyl cellulose.
9. a kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: oxygen
Agent is 65 parts by weight, and fuel agent is 30 parts by weight, and adhesive is 5 parts by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811263106.5A CN109020764A (en) | 2018-10-27 | 2018-10-27 | A kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811263106.5A CN109020764A (en) | 2018-10-27 | 2018-10-27 | A kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109020764A true CN109020764A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811263106.5A Pending CN109020764A (en) | 2018-10-27 | 2018-10-27 | A kind of nonsulfide environment protection firework medicament |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110963865A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-07 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Smokeless and sulfur-free firework oxidant and preparation method thereof |
| CN115093615A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-23 | 江西省科学院应用化学研究所 | Starch-based biodegradable elastomer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115819164A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-03-21 | 泸州北方化学工业有限公司 | High-energy micro-smoke type firework propellant and preparation method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-10-27 CN CN201811263106.5A patent/CN109020764A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110963865A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-07 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Smokeless and sulfur-free firework oxidant and preparation method thereof |
| CN115093615A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-23 | 江西省科学院应用化学研究所 | Starch-based biodegradable elastomer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115819164A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-03-21 | 泸州北方化学工业有限公司 | High-energy micro-smoke type firework propellant and preparation method thereof |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20181218 |