CN1300356C - High conductivity aluminium base material containing rare-earth and boron and preparing method - Google Patents
High conductivity aluminium base material containing rare-earth and boron and preparing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1300356C CN1300356C CNB2004100796008A CN200410079600A CN1300356C CN 1300356 C CN1300356 C CN 1300356C CN B2004100796008 A CNB2004100796008 A CN B2004100796008A CN 200410079600 A CN200410079600 A CN 200410079600A CN 1300356 C CN1300356 C CN 1300356C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a high conductivity aluminum base material containing rare earth and boron and a preparing method. The present invention uses aluminum and aluminum rare-earth intermediate alloy as raw materials, and aluminum alloy thread materials are prepared by adding one or a plurality of elements of a small amount of zirconium, silver, copper, titanium, magnesium, etc., as performance adjustment elements, by the smelting, the pouring, the forging or the extrusion, the rolling and the drawing of the alloy, or by the direct adoption of continuous casting, continuous rolling and drawing. The material can obviously increase electric conductivity and can effectively increase mechanical properties.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alumina-base material and preparation method thereof, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of alumina-base material that contains rare earth, boron and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In the research and production of conductive aluminum, reduce the resistivity of aluminium, improve its electroconductibility, be the target that constantly pursue this area always.Research and the application that the electroconductibility of aluminium conductor is carried out at present, relatively success is the research and the application of rare earth aluminum and boracic aluminum.Though but the former has improved the intensity of aluminium alloy, has influenced the electroconductibility of aluminium alloy; Though the latter can improve the electroconductibility of aluminium alloy to a certain extent, intensity can only reach the level of fine aluminium.The technology that the high conductive aluminum sill of known preparation adopts has: smelting process, electrolytic process, thermit reduction.
Above-mentioned several preparation methods' weak point is then can not meet the demands for preparation rare earth, the so high conductive aluminum sill of boron, mainly be because boron is too light, in adopting smelting process, electrolytic process and thermit reduction, float easily, cause the material structure that is obtained inhomogeneous, influence material property; And rare earth element is scaling loss, oxidation etc. easily in long melting, influences the final performance of material.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, a kind of good electric conductivity that has is provided, the alumina-base material that contains rare earth, boron of mechanical property has preferably been arranged again.Another object of the present invention is the deficiency that has overcome traditional mode of production alumina-base material method, and providing a kind of energy production to have high conductivity has the method for the alumina-base material of mechanical property preferably again.
The present invention realizes by following technical scheme: by weight percentage, this material by:
Aluminium (Al): 99.2～99.7%; The mishmetal (RE) of rich lanthanum: 0.02～0.5%; Boron (B): 0.02%～0.2%; Reach by zirconium (Zr): 0～0.15%; Silver (Ag): 0～0.15%; Copper (Cu): 0～0.25%; Titanium (Ti): 0～0.15%; Magnesium (Mg): the interpolation that 0～0.45% combination is formed is elementary composition.Its manufacturing step is: 1) plumbago crucible is heated to 730-740 ℃, adding commercial-purity aluminium and/or interpolation element make it fusing; 2) in the aluminium liquid of fusing, add 0.2～5% the aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy account for the raw material gross weight and account for 0.6～6% aluminium boron master alloy of raw material gross weight, and two kinds of master alloys are pressed in the aluminium liquid with the carbon cover; 3) above-mentioned aluminium liquid insulation after 8-15 minute, is charged into argon gas and carries out gas refinement; 4) under 700-710 ℃ temperature condition, liquation poured in the swage pour into a mould, the demoulding, to room temperature, make the aluminium alloy ingot blank through air cooling; 5) above-mentioned aluminium alloy ingot blank is squeezed into the line bar after, the side's of rolling into bar on milling train carries out cold drawing then on drawing wire machine, make wire rod; 6) under 320-380 ℃, 20-120 minute processing condition of insulation, wire rod is carried out anneal.Wherein: add element and can be zirconium (Zr), also can be zirconium (Zr) and titanium (Ti); Also can be silver (Ag), copper (Cu) and magnesium (Mg).
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: in order to improve the electroconductibility and the mechanical property of aluminium alloy simultaneously, the present invention adds rare earth and boron simultaneously in aluminium, and add some other elements as conditioning agent, by treatment process such as processing and annealing, good conductivity, intensity height, good percentage elongation, corrosion resistant high conductive aluminum sill have been prepared then.In transmitting line, use this aluminium conductor, can satisfy the requirements at the higher level that the ultra-high voltage aerial condutor proposes material, performance.Its economic benefit is mainly reflected in and reduces a large amount of electric energy losses that electrical network causes because of resistivity is too high.To bring huge economic benefit and social benefit to power transmission and transformation industry and manufacturing enterprise.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the founding schema;
Fig. 2 is aluminium alloy complete processing figure;
Fig. 3 is aluminium alloy casting and rolling process figure;
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
Earlier plumbago crucible is heated to 730 ℃, add commercial-purity aluminium and make it fusing, with the carbon cover aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and aluminium boron master alloy are pressed in the aluminium liquid then, make ree content account for 0.2% of melt gross weight, make boron content account for 0.1% of melt gross weight.Behind the insulation 30min, charge into argon gas and carry out gas refinement; And under 710 ℃ temperature condition, liquation poured in the swage pour into a mould, the demoulding, last air cooling is made the aluminium alloy ingot blank of Φ 27mm * 30mm to room temperature.
With the ingot blank of Φ 27mm * 30mm of being cast under 400 ℃ of conditions, after forging into the line bar of Φ 20mm, on milling train, roll into Φ 5～6mm right and left bar, on drawing wire machine, carry out 10 passage cold drawings then, make Φ 3.25mm wire rod, at last under 350 ℃, the processing condition of insulation 10min, the silk material is carried out anneal.
Embodiment two:
Earlier plumbago crucible is heated to 730 ℃, add commercial-purity aluminium and make it fusing, with the carbon cover aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and aluminium boron master alloy are pressed in the aluminium liquid then, make ree content account for 0.5% of melt gross weight, make boron content account for 0.07% of melt gross weight; Add the aluminium zirconium alloy simultaneously, make zr element in melt, account for 0.15%.Behind the insulation 30min, charge into argon gas and carry out gas refinement; And under 710 ℃ temperature condition, liquation poured in the swage pour into a mould, the demoulding, last air cooling is made the aluminium alloy ingot blank of Φ 27mm * 30mm to room temperature.
With the ingot blank of Φ 27mm * 30mm of being cast under 400 ℃ of conditions, after forging into the line bar of Φ 20mm, on milling train, roll into Φ 5～6mm right and left bar, on drawing wire machine, carry out 10 passage cold drawings then, make Φ 3.25mm wire rod, at last under 350 ℃, the processing condition of insulation 30min, the silk material is carried out anneal.
Embodiment three:
Earlier plumbago crucible is heated to 730 ℃, adds commercial-purity aluminium and aluminium zirconium alloy, aluminum titanium alloy and make it fusing, make that the content of zirconium accounts for 0.05% in melt, the content of titanium accounts for 0.15% in melt.Add aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy and aluminium boron master alloy then, with the carbon cover two kinds of master alloys are pressed in the aluminium liquid, make rare earth element account for 0.5% in melt, boron accounts for 0.02% in melt.Behind the insulation 20min, charge into chlorine and carry out gas refinement: and under 715 ℃ temperature condition, liquation poured in the graphite mo(u)ld pour into a mould, the demoulding, last air cooling is made the aluminium alloy ingot blank of Φ 27mm * 30mm to room temperature.
Is under the condition of 350MPa with the ingot blank of Φ 27mm * 30mm of being cast at 400 ℃, squeeze pressure, after being squeezed into the line bar of Φ 9.5mm, on milling train, roll into Φ 5～6mm right and left bar, on drawing wire machine, carry out 10 passage cold drawings then, make Φ 3.0mm wire rod, at last under 300 ℃, the processing condition of insulation 180min, the silk material is carried out anneal.
Embodiment four:
Earlier plumbago crucible is heated to 730 ℃, adds commercial-purity aluminium and aluminium silver, aluminum bronze master alloy and make it fusing, make that the content of silver accounts for 0.015% in melt, the content of copper accounts for 0.005% in melt.With the carbon cover aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy, aluminium boron, magnalium master alloy are pressed in the aluminium liquid then, make rare earth element account for 0.25% in melt, boron accounts for 0.06% in melt, and magnesium elements accounts for 0.01% in melt.Behind the insulation 15min, charge into carbon tetrachloride gas and carry out gas refinement; And under 720 ℃ temperature condition, liquation poured into carry out crystallization in the continuous crystallizer, adopt the casting and rolling process means to make the line bar of Φ 5～6mm again, on drawing wire machine, carry out 10 passage cold drawings then, make Φ 2.28mm wire rod, at last under 250 ℃, the processing condition of insulation 100min, the silk material is carried out anneal.
Embodiment five:
Earlier plumbago crucible is heated to 730 ℃, add commercial-purity aluminium and aluminium zirconium, aluminium titanium, aluminium silver, aluminum bronze master alloy and make it fusing, make that the content of zirconium accounts for 0.05% in melt, the content of titanium accounts for 0.09% in melt, the content of silver accounts for 0.1% in melt, the content of copper accounts for 0.13% in melt.With the carbon cover aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy, aluminium boron, magnalium master alloy are pressed in the aluminium liquid then, make rare earth element account for 0.02% in melt, boron accounts for 0.2% in melt, and magnesium elements accounts for 0.21% in melt.Behind the insulation 15min, charge into carbon tetrachloride gas and carry out gas refinement; And under 720 ℃ temperature condition, liquation poured into carry out crystallization in the continuous crystallizer, adopt the casting and rolling process means to make the line bar of Φ 5～6mm again, on drawing wire machine, carry out 10 passage cold drawings then, make Φ 2.28mm wire rod, at last under 250 ℃, the processing condition of insulation 100min, the silk material is carried out anneal.
The aluminum alloy line bar of Φ 9.5mm is got long 1200mm sample, adopt the resistivity (20 ℃) of GB/T 3048.2-1994 electric wire electrical performance test method (DQ-1 type electric bridge anchor clamps, SB2230 type DC digital resistance meter) test aluminum alloy line bar material to reach 27.05～27.28n Ω m (commercial-purity aluminium is 27.90～28.15n Ω m); Adopt the mechanical property σ of GB/T 4909.3-1985 bare wire measurement of test method aluminum alloy line bar material
b=105～115MPa, δ=14～17%.
Test materials composition (% weight percent)
| Al | Re | B | Zr | Ag | Cu | Ti | Mg | |
| Al-Re | 99.80 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Al-B | 99.90 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment 1 | 99.70 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment 2 | 99.28 | 0.5 | 0.07 | 0.15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment 3 | 99.28 | 0.5 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | 0.15 | 0 |
| Embodiment 4 | 99.66 | 0.25 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.015 | 0.005 | 0 | 0.01 |
| Embodiment 5 | 99.20 | 0.02 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.21 |
The test materials performance comparison
| Resistivity n Ω m | Tensile strength N/mm 2 | Elongation % | |
| International similar technological standard | 27.85 | 80-100 | 14 |
| Al-Re | 28.00 | 101 | 14 |
| Al-B | 27.85 | 83.36 | 13 |
| Embodiment 1 | 27.28 | 105 | 15 |
| Embodiment 2 | 27.20 | 115 | 14 |
| Embodiment 3 | 27.16 | 106 | 16 |
| Embodiment 4 | 27.05 | 108 | 17 |
| Embodiment 5 | 27.21 | 109 | 17 |
From above performance comparison as can be seen: effect of the present invention is to make the resistivity of aluminium conductor reduce to 27.05～27.28n Ω m, and mechanical property satisfies the international standard value, and conductivity increases substantially, and mechanical property also has improvement simultaneously.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of high conductivity contains the alumina-base material of rare earth, boron, wherein by weight percentage, this material by:
Aluminium (Al): 99.2～99.7%; The mixed rare earth (RE) that contains of rich lanthanum: 0.02～0.5%; Boron (B): 0.02%～0.2%; Reach by zirconium (Zr): 0～0.15%; Silver (Ag): 0～0.15%; Copper (Cu): 0～0.25%; Titanium (Ti): 0～0.15%; Magnesium (Mg); The interpolation that 0～0.45% combination is formed is elementary composition.
2, a kind of high conductivity according to claim 1 contains the preparation method of the alumina-base material of rare earth, boron, and its manufacturing step is:
1), plumbago crucible is heated to 730-740 ℃, adds commercial-purity aluminium and add element and make it fusing;
2), in the aluminium liquid of fusing, add 0.2～5% the aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy account for the raw material gross weight and account for 0.6 ~ 6% aluminium boron master alloy of raw material gross weight, and two kinds of master alloys are pressed in the aluminium liquid with the carbon cover;
3), above-mentioned aluminium liquid insulation after 15 or 20 or 30 minutes, is charged into argon gas and carries out gas refinement;
4), under 700-710 ℃ temperature condition, liquation poured in the swage pour into a mould, the demoulding, to room temperature, make the aluminium alloy ingot blank through air cooling;
5), above-mentioned aluminium alloy ingot blank is squeezed into the line bar after, the side's of rolling into bar on milling train carries out cold drawing then on drawing wire machine, make wire rod;
6), under 320-380 ℃, 20-120 minute processing condition of insulation, wire rod is carried out anneal.
3. a kind of high conductivity according to claim 2 contains the preparation method of the alumina-base material of rare earth, boron, it is characterized in that: described interpolation element is zirconium (Zr).
4. a kind of high conductivity according to claim 2 contains the preparation method of the alumina-base material of rare earth, boron, it is characterized in that: described interpolation element is zirconium (Zr) and titanium (Ti).
5. a kind of high conductivity according to claim 2 contains the preparation method of the alumina-base material of rare earth, boron, it is characterized in that: described interpolation element is silver (Ag), copper (Cu) and magnesium (Mg).
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