CN110310755B - Creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02-0.08% of silicon, 0.10-0.20% of iron, 0.01-0.02% of copper, 0.003-0.008% of manganese, 0.002-0.01% of chromium, 0.01-0.02% of zinc, 0.005-0.015% of boron, 0.002-0.008% of gallium, 0.005-0.008% of vanadium, 0.002-0.01% of titanium, 99.55-99.75% of aluminum and the balance of unavoidable impurities. The creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor provided by the invention can improve the creep property of the aluminum alloy conductor and ensure the safety and reliability of cables; meanwhile, the aluminum alloy cable has high conductivity, the electrical performance of the aluminum alloy cable can be improved, the loss is reduced, and the safety is ensured. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor, which is simple in process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wire and cable conductor materials, in particular to a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy material has light weight and high price advantage, can be widely used as a conductor of a wire cable instead of copper and the alloy material thereof, but has some problems to limit the application of high-end cable conductors.
The maximum use amount of the aluminum alloy conductor for the current electric wire and cable is 6 series, and the aluminum alloy conductor is usually a hard wire with large section. The conventional manufacturing process is to manufacture 9.5mm aluminum rods and then draw wires, the minimum drawing can only be 0.50mm at present, the drawing can not be performed due to the processing performance, even if the diameter of the wire is forced to be less than 0.5mm, the next aging and stranding production can not be performed, and the wire is easy to break or break and can not be continuously produced. This greatly limits the application of aluminum alloy materials to small-section wire and cables and large-section flexible cables. Therefore, in order to improve the machinability of aluminum alloy materials, a large amount of other trace elements are added in the aluminum ingot formulation, which results in the conductivity of aluminum alloy wire and cable in the market being about 57-59% iacs. This makes the cable when transmitting the electric energy, and the pressure drop grow has caused very big energy waste, still probably arouses the conflagration, is unfavorable for the circuit design of cable. It is known that devices and systems are developed in a direction of light weight and light weight, and cables used for the devices and systems are no exception.
Also, aluminum alloys inherently exhibit creep characteristics- -i.e., permanent, non-recoverable plastic deformation of the material under temperature and pressure. The aluminum alloy cable conductor on the market is 20h at 150 ℃, the difference of creep characteristics of the aluminum alloy cable conductor exceeds 20% compared with pure copper, and the aluminum alloy cable conductor can affect the connection between the aluminum alloy conductor and a terminal, cause the corrosion of the surface of the aluminum alloy conductor, easily generate the problems of brittle fracture, heating, short circuit and the like, affect the reliability of an electric circuit and reduce the service life of the cable under the long-term use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention mainly aims to improve the processing performance of the aluminum alloy conductor for the cable, improve the mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation at break, bending property and the like) of the aluminum alloy conductor, make the conductor softer, reduce the outer diameter of conductor monofilaments and enlarge the application range of the aluminum alloy conductor on the cable; meanwhile, the conductor has high conductivity, the electrical performance of the aluminum alloy cable can be improved, the loss is reduced, and the safety is ensured.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor, which has simple working procedures.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02-0.08% of silicon, 0.10-0.20% of iron, 0.01-0.02% of copper, 0.003-0.008% of manganese, 0.002-0.01% of chromium, 0.01-0.02% of zinc, 0.005-0.015% of boron, 0.002-0.008% of gallium, 0.005-0.008% of vanadium, 0.002-0.01% of titanium, 99.55-99.75% of aluminum and the balance of unavoidable impurities.
Furthermore, the conductor is a monofilament conductor, or consists of a plurality of monofilaments with the diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm.
Furthermore, the conductor comprises 7 monofilaments, the 7 monofilaments form an inner-outer layer structure which is marked as a first central layer and a first outer layer, the first central layer comprises 1 monofilament, the first outer layer comprises 6 monofilaments, and the first outer layer surrounds the first central layer.
Furthermore, the conductor comprises 12 monofilaments, 12 monofilaments form an inner-outer layer structure, and the inner-outer layer structure is marked as a second central layer and a second outer layer, the second central layer is formed by 3 monofilaments in a triangular arrangement combination, the second outer layer comprises 9 monofilaments, and the second outer layer surrounds the second central layer.
Further, the conductor is formed by directly bundling 70 monofilaments.
Further, the conductor is composed of 133 monofilaments, and the 133 monofilaments are divided into 19 groups of 7 monofilaments; each group takes 1 monofilament as a center, and the other 6 monofilaments surround the center monofilament to be twisted to form a tow; and twisting 19 tows to form a final conductor, wherein the final conductor is formed by 3 layers of tows which surround the inner and outer layers in sequence and respectively marked as a third central layer, a middle layer and a third outer layer, the third central layer consists of 1 tow, the middle layer consists of 6 tows, and the third outer layer consists of 12 tows.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor comprises the following steps:
a first smelting step: putting the silicon, the iron, the copper, the manganese, the chromium and the zinc with the formula ratio into a first high-temperature smelting furnace for first smelting; then adding boron, gallium and titanium with the formula amount, heating, and continuously smelting to obtain a first molten material;
a second smelting step: putting the aluminum ingot and the vanadium with the formula ratio into a second high-temperature smelting furnace, and slagging off after smelting to obtain a second molten material;
a third smelting step: putting the first melt into the second high-temperature furnace, mixing with the second melt, fully stirring, sampling and measuring components, and simultaneously carrying out component analysis and component correction to obtain a third melt;
and (3) refining: under the protection of inert gas, refining the third melt, coating a covering agent after slagging-off, and standing to obtain a fourth melt;
casting: filtering and casting the fourth melt;
rolling: rolling into an aluminum rod;
a wire drawing step: and drawing the aluminum rod to obtain the aluminum alloy wire.
Further, the method also comprises an annealing step: annealing is carried out after wire drawing treatment, the annealing is carried out in three sections, firstly, the temperature is set to be 515 ℃ under the protection of argon, the temperature is kept for 1.5h, then, the temperature is raised to be 565 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2.5h, and finally, the annealing is carried out uniformly for 24h at 515 ℃.
Further, the method also comprises the following multi-core conductor preparation steps: and preparing the aluminum alloy wire into a multi-core conductor.
Further, in the first smelting step, during the first smelting, the smelting temperature is 670 ℃, the heating rate is 45-65 ℃/min, and the smelting time is 10-20 min; when the smelting is continued, the temperature is raised to 750 ℃, and the smelting time is 10-20 min;
in the second smelting step, the smelting temperature is 820 ℃, the heating rate is 60-80 ℃/min, and the smelting time is 1-2 h;
in the third smelting step, after the first melt is put into the second high-temperature smelting furnace, the temperature is raised to 900 ℃ and kept for 15-25 min, and the temperature raising rate is 20-40 ℃/min;
in the refining step, carbon tetrachloride is used as a refining agent, argon and helium are used as inert gases, the refining time is 10-15 min, the temperature is maintained at 900 ℃, a covering agent is coated after slag skimming, and standing is carried out for 1-2 h;
in the rolling step, an aluminum rod with the diameter of 9.5mm is rolled;
in the wire drawing step, the aluminum rod is subjected to large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing and micro drawing to obtain the aluminum alloy wire with the outer diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor provided by the invention is also an easily-processed soft conductor, and the formula of the aluminum alloy conductor material is changed, so that the conductive capability is improved, the loss of line transmission is reduced, and the energy transmission efficiency is improved; the aluminum alloy monofilament conductor produced by using the formula has the outer diameter of 0.1mm and has processing performance, wherein the tensile strength, the elongation at break and the bending performance are greatly improved; through test comparison, the creep resistance of the aluminum alloy conductor produced by using the formula is proved, the difference is not more than 1% compared with copper at normal temperature, and the difference is not more than 1% at 150 ℃. Thereby the stability and the reliability of the aluminum alloy cable for long-term use are ensured, the electrical fault at the joint can be effectively prevented, and the safety of the equipment is enhanced. Meanwhile, the single-wire conductor with the small diameter guarantees the overall flexibility of the stranded conductor, so that the overall bending characteristic of the cable is improved, and the cable is convenient to lay and install. The application and the application range of the aluminum alloy cable are expanded.
(2) The preparation method of the creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor provided by the invention is simple in process, simple and convenient to operate and suitable for industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another block diagram of a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a further structural diagram of a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is yet another block diagram of a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing creep properties of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.
The creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02-0.08% of silicon, 0.10-0.20% of iron, 0.01-0.02% of copper, 0.003-0.008% of manganese, 0.002-0.01% of chromium, 0.01-0.02% of zinc, 0.005-0.015% of boron, 0.002-0.008% of gallium, 0.005-0.008% of vanadium, 0.002-0.01% of titanium, 99.55-99.75% of aluminum and the balance of unavoidable impurities.
As a further embodiment, the conductor is a monofilament conductor or consists of several monofilaments of a conductor with a diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm.
As a further embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the conductor is composed of 7 monofilaments, the 7 monofilaments forming an inner and outer two-layer structure, respectively denoted as a first central layer composed of 1 monofilament and a first outer layer composed of 6 monofilaments, the first outer layer surrounding the first central layer.
As a further embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the conductor is composed of 12 monofilaments, the 12 monofilaments form an inner and outer two-layer structure, respectively referred to as a second central layer and a second outer layer, the second central layer is formed by 3 monofilaments arranged and combined in a triangular shape, the second outer layer is composed of 9 monofilaments, and the second outer layer surrounds the second central layer.
As a further embodiment, the conductor is formed by directly bundling 70 monofilaments, as shown in fig. 3.
As a further embodiment, shown in fig. 4, the conductor consists of 133 monofilaments, the 133 monofilaments being divided into 19 groups of 7; each group takes 1 monofilament as a center, and the other 6 monofilaments surround the center monofilament to be twisted to form a tow; the final conductor is formed by 3 layers of sequentially surrounding tows, namely a third central layer, a middle layer and a third outer layer, wherein the third central layer consists of 1 tow, the middle layer consists of 6 tows, and the third outer layer consists of 12 tows.
The creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor provided by the embodiment of the invention is also an easily-processed soft conductor, and the formula of the aluminum alloy conductor material is changed, so that the conductive capability is improved, the loss of line transmission is reduced, and the energy transmission efficiency is improved; the aluminum alloy monofilament conductor produced by using the formula has the outer diameter of 0.1mm and has processing performance, wherein the tensile strength, the elongation at break and the bending performance are greatly improved; through test comparison, the creep resistance of the aluminum alloy conductor produced by using the formula is proved, the difference is not more than 1% compared with copper at normal temperature, and the difference is not more than 1% at 150 ℃. Thereby the stability and the reliability of the aluminum alloy cable for long-term use are ensured, the electrical fault at the joint can be effectively prevented, and the safety of the equipment is enhanced. Meanwhile, the single-wire conductor with the small diameter guarantees the overall flexibility of the stranded conductor, so that the overall bending characteristic of the cable is improved, and the cable is convenient to lay and install. The application and the application range of the aluminum alloy cable are expanded.
A preparation method of a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor comprises the following steps:
a first smelting step: putting the silicon, the iron, the copper, the manganese, the chromium and the zinc with the formula ratio into a first high-temperature smelting furnace for first smelting; then adding boron, gallium and titanium with the formula amount, heating, and continuously smelting to obtain a first molten material;
a second smelting step: putting the aluminum ingot and the vanadium with the formula ratio into a second high-temperature smelting furnace, and slagging off after smelting to obtain a second molten material;
a third smelting step: putting the first melt into a second high-temperature furnace, mixing with the second melt, fully stirring, sampling to determine components, and simultaneously performing component analysis and component correction to obtain a third melt;
and (3) refining: under the protection of inert gas, refining the third melt, coating a covering agent after slagging off, and standing to obtain a fourth melt;
casting: filtering and casting the fourth melt;
rolling: rolling into an aluminum rod;
a wire drawing step: and drawing the aluminum rod to obtain the aluminum alloy wire.
As a further embodiment, further comprising an annealing step: annealing is carried out after wire drawing treatment, the annealing is carried out in three sections, firstly, the temperature is set to be 515 ℃ under the protection of argon, the temperature is kept for 1.5h, then, the temperature is raised to be 565 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2.5h, and finally, the annealing is carried out uniformly for 24h at 515 ℃. Whether the annealing treatment is carried out is selected according to actual use requirements.
As a further embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of: and preparing the aluminum alloy wire into the multi-core conductor by adopting an active paying-off and twisting-back wire binding machine or a cage twisting machine, and if the aluminum alloy wire needs annealing treatment, preparing the multi-core conductor after annealing.
In the first smelting step, the smelting temperature is 670 ℃, the heating rate is 45-65 ℃/min, and the smelting time is 10-20 min during the first smelting; when the smelting is continued, the temperature is raised to 750 ℃, and the smelting time is 10-20 min;
in the second smelting step, the smelting temperature is 820 ℃, the heating rate is 60-80 ℃/min, and the smelting time is 1-2 h;
in the third smelting step, after the first melt is put into a second high-temperature smelting furnace, the temperature is raised to 900 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15-25 min, and the temperature raising rate is 20-40 ℃/min;
in the refining step, carbon tetrachloride is used as a refining agent, argon and helium are used as inert gases, the refining time is 10-15 min, the temperature is maintained at 900 ℃, a covering agent is coated after slag skimming, and standing is carried out for 1-2 h;
in the rolling step, an aluminum rod with the diameter of 9.5mm is rolled;
in the wire drawing step, the aluminum rod is subjected to large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing, micro drawing and other processes to be drawn step by step, so that the aluminum alloy wire with the outer diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm is obtained. The proportion of the wire drawing oil and the configuration of the wire drawing die are well controlled in the wire drawing process.
The preparation method of the creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple process and simple and convenient operation, and is suitable for industrial production.
The following are specific examples of the present invention, and raw materials, equipments and the like used in the following examples can be obtained by purchasing them unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor is composed of the following element materials in percentage by mass: 0.02% of silicon, 0.10% of iron, 0.01% of copper, 0.003% of manganese, 0.002% of chromium, 0.01% of zinc, 0.005% of boron, 0.002% of gallium, 0.005% of vanadium, 0.002% of titanium, 99.75% of aluminum and the balance of unavoidable impurities. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
a first smelting step: firstly smelting the silicon, the iron, the copper, the manganese, the chromium and the zinc in a high-temperature smelting furnace according to the proportion of a formula, wherein the smelting temperature is 670 ℃, the heating rate is 55 ℃/min, the smelting time is 10min, then adding the boron, the gallium and the titanium according to the proportion, heating to prepare the boron, the gallium and the titanium, and the smelting time is 20min to obtain a first molten material, and keeping for later use;
a second smelting step: smelting the aluminum ingot and the vanadium in a high-temperature smelting furnace according to the formula proportion, wherein the smelting temperature is 820 ℃, the heating rate is 80 ℃/min, the smelting time is 2h, and then slagging off to obtain a second molten material;
a third smelting step: putting the first melt into a melting furnace of a second melt, heating to 900 ℃, keeping for 15min, heating at a rate of 40 ℃/min, fully stirring, sampling to determine components, simultaneously performing component analysis, and refining to perform component correction;
and (3) refining: carbon tetrachloride is used as a refining agent, argon and helium are used as inert gases for protection, the online refining time is 10min, and the temperature is maintained at 900 ℃. Covering with covering agent after skimming, standing for 1.5h;
casting: filtering and casting;
rolling: rolling into 9.5mm aluminum rods;
a wire drawing step: drawing wire step by step through wire drawing procedures such as large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing, micro drawing and the like to enable the outer diameter of the aluminum alloy wire to reach the use requirement of 0.18mm, and controlling the proportion of wire drawing oil and the configuration of a wire drawing die during wire drawing;
and (3) annealing: and selecting to carry out annealing treatment. Annealing is divided into three sections, namely, under the protection of argon, keeping the temperature from 515 ℃ for 1.5h, then raising the temperature to 565 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5h, and finally uniformly annealing at 515 ℃ for 24h;
preparing a multi-core conductor: and preparing the multi-core conductor by adopting an active paying-off and twisting-back wire bundling machine or a cage stranding machine.
Example 2
The creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor is composed of the following element materials in percentage by mass: 0.08% of silicon, 0.20% of iron, 0.02% of copper, 0.008% of manganese, 0.01% of chromium, 0.02% of zinc, 0.015% of boron, 0.008% of gallium, 0.008% of vanadium, 0.01% of titanium, 99.55% of aluminum and the balance of unavoidable impurities.
A first smelting step: firstly smelting the silicon, the iron, the copper, the manganese, the chromium and the zinc in a high-temperature smelting furnace according to the formula proportion, wherein the smelting temperature is 670 ℃, the heating rate is 65 ℃/min, and the smelting time is 10min; then adding boron, gallium and titanium according to the proportion, heating to 750 ℃, and smelting for 15min to obtain a first melt, and keeping for later use;
a second smelting step: smelting the aluminum ingot and the vanadium in a high-temperature smelting furnace according to the formula proportion, wherein the smelting temperature is 820 ℃, the heating rate is 70 ℃/min, the smelting time is 1.5h, and then slagging off to obtain a second molten material;
a third smelting step: putting the first melt into a smelting furnace of a second melt, heating to 900 ℃, keeping for 20min, heating at a rate of 20 ℃/min, fully stirring, sampling to determine components, simultaneously performing component analysis, and refining to perform component correction;
and (3) refining: carbon tetrachloride is used as a refining agent, argon and helium are used as inert gases for protection, the online refining time is 13min, and the temperature is maintained at 900 ℃. Covering agent is applied after slag skimming, and standing is carried out for 1 to 2 hours;
casting: filtering and casting;
rolling: rolling into 9.5mm aluminum rods;
a wire drawing step: drawing wire step by step through wire drawing procedures such as large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing, micro drawing and the like to enable the outer diameter of the aluminum alloy wire to reach the use requirement of 0.18mm, and controlling the proportion of wire drawing oil and the configuration of a wire drawing die during wire drawing;
and (3) annealing: selecting not to carry out annealing treatment;
preparing a multi-core conductor: and preparing the multi-core conductor by adopting an active paying-off and twisting-back wire bundling machine or a cage stranding machine.
Example 3
A creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor is composed of the following element materials in percentage by mass: 0.06% of silicon, 0.15% of iron, 0.015% of copper, 0.005% of manganese, 0.006% of chromium, 0.15% of zinc, 0.10% of boron, 0.005% of gallium, 0.006% of vanadium, 0.05% of titanium, 99.65% of aluminum and the balance of unavoidable impurities.
A first smelting step: firstly smelting the silicon, the iron, the copper, the manganese, the chromium and the zinc in a high-temperature smelting furnace according to the formula proportion, wherein the smelting temperature is 670 ℃, the heating rate is 65 ℃/min, the smelting time is 20min, then proportionally adding the boron, the gallium and the titanium, heating to 750 ℃, and smelting for 13min to obtain a first molten material, and keeping for later use;
a second smelting step: smelting the aluminum ingot and the vanadium in a high-temperature smelting furnace according to the formula proportion, wherein the smelting temperature is 820 ℃, the heating rate is 80 ℃/min, the smelting time is 1.5h, and then slagging off;
a third smelting step: putting the first melt into a second melt smelting furnace, heating to 900 ℃, keeping for 18min at the heating rate of 25 ℃/min, fully stirring, sampling to determine components, simultaneously performing component analysis, and refining to perform component correction;
and (3) refining: carbon tetrachloride is used as a refining agent, argon and helium are used as inert gases for protection, the online refining time is 15min, and the temperature is maintained at 900 ℃. Covering with covering agent after skimming, and standing for 2h;
casting: filtering and casting;
rolling: rolling into 9.5mm aluminum rods;
a wire drawing step: drawing wire step by step through wire drawing procedures such as large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing, micro drawing and the like to enable the outer diameter of the aluminum alloy wire to reach the use requirement of 0.18mm, and controlling the proportion of wire drawing oil and the configuration of a wire drawing die during wire drawing;
and (3) annealing: and selecting to carry out annealing treatment. Annealing is divided into three sections, firstly, under the protection of argon, the temperature is kept for 1.5h from 515 ℃, then the temperature is raised to 565 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2.5h, and finally, the annealing is carried out uniformly for 24h at 515 ℃;
preparing a multi-core conductor: and preparing the multi-core conductor by adopting an active paying-off and twisting-back wire bundling machine or a cage stranding machine.
Comparative example 1
The largest amount of 6 series aluminum alloy conductor monofilaments in the market at present have a diameter of 0.508mm.
Comparative example 2
0.18mm conventional annealed copper wire.
Comparative example 3
0.18mm conventional hard non-annealed copper wire.
Effect evaluation and Performance detection
Test example 1
For the conductors of the above examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3, the outer diameter, tensile strength, elongation at break, number of bending times, and electrical conductivity were compared, and the data thereof are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of Performance test results for conductors of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3
As can be seen from table 1 above, the minimum outer diameter of the aluminum alloy cable conductor of examples 1-3 is significantly smaller than that of the existing aluminum alloy conductor on the market, which cannot be achieved because the processability of the conventional aluminum alloy does not meet the production requirement. In addition, compared with the conventional aluminum alloy conductor, the mechanical properties, either the tensile strength, the fracture productivity or the bending times of the examples 1 to 3 are far better than those of the conventional aluminum alloy conductor, and the comprehensive properties of the aluminum alloy conductor can be comparable to those of an annealed copper wire. And the conductivity of the aluminum alloy conductor is almost equivalent to that of a pure aluminum conductor, and compared with a conventional aluminum alloy conductor, the aluminum alloy conductor has more obvious advantages.
Test example 2
The creep properties (115MP 150 ℃ C.) of the conductors obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were compared, and the results are shown in FIG. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, if the creep property of the copper conductor is defined as 1, the creep properties of the aluminum alloy cable conductors of examples 1 to 5 at 150 ℃ for 20 hours change by less than 1%, whereas the creep properties of the conventional aluminum alloy conductors change by more than 20%. This shows that the embodiment of the invention greatly improves the creep property of the aluminum alloy cable conductor.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor is characterized in that the creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02-0.08% of silicon, 0.10-0.20% of iron, 0.01-0.02% of copper, 0.003-0.008% of manganese, 0.002-0.01% of chromium, 0.01-0.02% of zinc, 0.005-0.015% of boron, 0.002-0.008% of gallium, 0.005-0.008% of vanadium, 0.002-0.01% of titanium, 99.55-99.75% of aluminum and the balance of unavoidable impurities;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
a first smelting step: putting the silicon, the iron, the copper, the manganese, the chromium and the zinc with the formula ratio into a first high-temperature smelting furnace for first smelting; then adding boron, gallium and titanium with the formula amount, heating, and continuously smelting to obtain a first molten material; when the first smelting is carried out, the smelting temperature is 670 ℃, the heating rate is 45-65 ℃/min, and the smelting time is 10-20 min; when the smelting is continued, the temperature is raised to 750 ℃, and the smelting time is 10-20 min;
a second smelting step: putting the aluminum ingot and the vanadium with the formula ratio into a second high-temperature smelting furnace, and slagging off after smelting to obtain a second molten material; in the second smelting step, the smelting temperature is 820 ℃, the heating rate is 60-80 ℃/min, and the smelting time is 1-2 h;
a third smelting step: putting the first melt into the second high-temperature furnace, mixing with the second melt, fully stirring, sampling and measuring components, and simultaneously carrying out component analysis and component correction to obtain a third melt; in the third smelting step, after the first melt is put into the second high-temperature smelting furnace, the temperature is raised to 900 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15 to 25min, and the temperature raising rate is 20 to 40 ℃/min;
and (3) refining: under the protection of inert gas, refining the third melt, coating a covering agent after slagging off, and standing to obtain a fourth melt; in the refining step, carbon tetrachloride is used as a refining agent, argon and helium are used as inert gases, the refining time is 10-15 min, the temperature is maintained at 900 ℃, a covering agent is coated after slagging off, and the mixture is kept stand for 1-2 h;
casting: filtering and casting the fourth melt;
rolling: rolling into an aluminum rod with the diameter of 9.5 mm;
a wire drawing step: and the aluminum rod is subjected to large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing and micro drawing to obtain the aluminum alloy wire with the outer diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm.
2. The method for preparing a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a multi-core conductor preparing step of: and preparing the aluminum alloy wire into a multi-core conductor.
3. The method of making a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor of any of claims 1-2, further comprising the step of annealing: annealing is carried out after wire drawing treatment, the annealing is carried out in three sections, firstly, the temperature is set to be 515 ℃ under the protection of argon, the temperature is kept for 1.5h, then, the temperature is raised to be 565 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2.5h, and finally, the annealing is carried out uniformly for 24h at 515 ℃.
4. A creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor produced by the method for producing a creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor of claim 4, wherein the conductor is a monofilament conductor or is composed of several monofilaments of the conductor having a diameter of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
6. The creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor of claim 4 wherein the conductor is comprised of 7 filaments, the 7 filaments forming an inner and outer two-layer structure, designated as a first center layer and a first outer layer, the first center layer being comprised of 1 filament, the first outer layer being comprised of 6 filaments, the first outer layer surrounding the first center layer.
7. The creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor of claim 4, wherein the conductor is composed of 12 filaments, the 12 filaments form an inner and outer layer structure, respectively, which is denoted as a second central layer and a second outer layer, the second central layer is composed of 3 filaments arranged and combined in a triangular shape, the second outer layer is composed of 9 filaments, and the second outer layer surrounds the second central layer.
8. The creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor of claim 4 wherein the conductor is formed by directly lacing 70 monofilaments.
9. The creep-resistant aluminum alloy conductor of claim 4 wherein the conductor is comprised of 133 filaments, the 133 filaments being divided into 19 groups of 7 filaments each; each group takes 1 monofilament as the center, and the other 6 monofilaments are twisted around the central monofilament to form a tow; the final conductor is formed by sequentially surrounding 3 inner and outer layers of tows and is respectively marked as a third central layer, a middle layer and a third outer layer, the third central layer is composed of 1 tow, the middle layer is composed of 6 tows, and the third outer layer is composed of 12 tows.
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