CN1295625A - Cold work steel - Google Patents

Cold work steel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1295625A
CN1295625A CN99804471A CN99804471A CN1295625A CN 1295625 A CN1295625 A CN 1295625A CN 99804471 A CN99804471 A CN 99804471A CN 99804471 A CN99804471 A CN 99804471A CN 1295625 A CN1295625 A CN 1295625A
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Prior art keywords
steel
cold
working steel
maximum
carbide
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Granted
Application number
CN99804471A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1098369C (en
Inventor
奥德·桑德伯格
博吉·约翰森
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Uddeholms AB
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UDDEHOLM TOOLING AG
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Publication of CN1295625A publication Critical patent/CN1295625A/en
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Publication of CN1098369C publication Critical patent/CN1098369C/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/003—Cementite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite

Abstract

A cold work steel has the following chemical composition in weight%: 0.82-0.97 C, from traces to max. 1.10 Si, from traces to max. 0.62 Mn, at least 7.6 but less than 8.0 Cr, 2.30-2.70 Mo, 0.35-0.55 V, balance iron and impurities in normal amounts in the form of residual elements from the manufacture of the steel.

Description

Cold-working steel
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new cold-working steel, promptly be intended to be used to make the steel of cold work tool.Typical purposes is blanking cutter, press tool, deep-draw mould etc.
Background technology
The most important performance of cold-working steel is that it has high rigidity.For the overwhelming majority's purposes, also require good wear resistance and be enough to adapt to the toughness of this purposes.For satisfying these main and some other requirements, developed a large amount of Steel Alloys.When the great majority in these steel, especially toughness are more important than wear resistance, has the composition that meets following alloy content scope: 0.8-1.2C, 0.2-1.2Si, 0.2-0.5Mn, 5-12Cr, 0.5-4Mo, 0-3W and 0.2-2V.The Ni, Nb, Cu and/or the Al that also have a small amount of or moderate content in addition.The steel of back one type is set forth in US-A-5, and 160,553, it contains medium to a large amount of Nb and Al.
Narration the present invention
The object of the present invention is to provide cold-working steel, thereby the Chemical Composition of this steel makes it to have satisfied following requirement through balance:
-it is easy to non-powder metallurgy method manufacturing and good hot workability is arranged in order to obtain high productivity;
-it can be with following size range manufacturing, and this scope is from minimum size, as φ 10mm or be less to φ 500mm, or corresponding foursquare or flat sectional dimension;
-it does not contain any a large amount of thick first carbide;
-it has good heat treatment performance, and wherein this refers to, and it can be quenched from alto austenitizing temperature;
-it has good hardening capacity, promptly under large-sized situation by the ability of through hardening;
-in thermal treatment and when using, it has good dimensional stability, and back one condition refers in particular to that it is very little to the susceptibility of timeliness (ageing).
-it can be by tempering by secondary hardening, thus reach the hardness of 60-64HRC;
-it has the surface of good deposition properties, and this refers to, and it can be by nitrogenize, surface hardening or surface-coated PVP and CVD;-it has good electrospark machining performance ,-it has suitable wear resistance;-it has suitable toughness;-it has high ultimate compression strength; And-it has good fatigue property, cutting ability and nonferromagnetic substance.At first check a series of cold-working steels known in the art, its Chemical Composition is listed in the table 1.
The chemical ingredients of the prior art steel of table 1 check
Detect the steel in the table 1, or compare with reference to microstructure, this comprises: the type of inclusion and characteristics, to after the heat treated susceptibility, hardening capacity, austenitizing and the hardness after the tempering, dimensional stability, electrospark machining, impelling strength, bending strength, wear resistance, compressive yield point, abrasive property and cutting ability.
In the steel that is verified, do not have a kind of possess required, the combination of the performance of each side.
In the development that continues, in view of acquired achievement, designed a series of requirements through revising, wherein at first consider the influence of hardness and carbide volume to toughness and wear resistance.More carefully checked the very little variation of C, N, Mn, V and Mo content how to influence in the subordinate phase of development and seen these key propertys, as toughness, to heat treated sensitivity, hardening capacity, 2 underhardenings, anti-temper resistance and wear resistance.In this work, made 7 kinds of experiment material that 50kg is heavy, its Chemical Composition (% weight) is listed in table 2.
Table 2: Chemical Composition (% weight)
Grade of steel Item number ?C ?Si ?Mn ?P ?S ?Cr ?Mo ?V ?N Surplus
?12 ?9020 ?0.96 ?0.81 ?0.50 ?0.007 ?0.005 ?7.18 ?2.97 ?0.41 ?0.016 ?Fe
?13 ?9021 ?0.98 ?0.95 ?0.47 ?0.008 ?0.005 ?7.05 ?2.90 ?0.41 ?0.016 ?Fe
?14 ?9024 ?0.92 ?0.93 ?0.53 ?0.009 ?0.005 ?7.06 ?2.53 ?0.40 ?0.074 ?Fe
?15 ?9021 ?0.97 ?0.91 ?1.04 ?0.007 ?0.005 ?6.85 ?2.34 ?0.41 ?0.027 ?Fe
?16 ?9023 ?1.03 ?1.06 ?1.20 ?0.008 ?0.005 ?6.97 ?1.99 ?0.66 ?0.047 ?Fe
?17 ?9038 ?0.90 ?0.84 ?0.49 ?0.006 ?0.005 ?6.69 ?2.45 ?0.44 ?0.023 ?Fe
?18 ?9039 ?0.85 ?0.86 ?0.47 ?0.007 ?0.004 ?7.28 ?2.46 ?0.43 ?0.022 ?Fe
To all expect all to be swaged into the rod of 60 * 60mm.Materiology shows: satisfying the steel of the forging attitude of this requirement that is suggested, all is being that best steel has following Chemical Composition (% weight): 0.82-0.97C aspect the above-mentioned different performance, 0.70-1.10Si, 0.38-0.62Mn, at least 7.6 but less than 8.0Cr.Maximum 0.40Ni, 2.30-2.70Mo, maximum 0.25W, 0.35-0.55V, the Fe of surplus, the subsidiary element of impurity and normal contents.This steel also contains maximum 0.15N usually, is more preferably maximum 0.03N, at most 0.30Cu and maximum 6ppmH.Al content must be maximum 0.1%, is more preferably at most 0.045%, but handles the relict element that brings as steel-deoxidizing, and its content is generally 0.010-0.045%.This steel generally contains 0.92C, 0.95Si, 0.5Mn, 7.8Cr, 2.5Mo, 0.45V.
Microstructure as for this steel, at 1000-1080 ℃ of austenitizing, be chilled to room temperature, after 180-650 ℃ of tempering of 1-several, be made up of tempered martensite, the contained carbide cumulative volume of this tempered martensite is 3-6% (volume), is more preferably 3-5% (volume), wherein 0.25-0.45% (volume) is the MC carbide, and all the other mainly are M 7C 3Carbide.First carbide is that about 4% (volume) suits.
Steel of the present invention can be used ordinary method, makes by producing melt, and this melt is cast ingot, and ingot is thermally processed into bar-shaped, and is tabular etc., can be made into instrument and other article with this rod or plate, for obtaining the finished product with required composite behaviour, can make it through heat-treated.Available any follow-up fusion metallurgy processing step is piled up replacement technologies such as casting as esr (ESR) or curing molten drop, as additional this conventional steel ingot production technique of known technology with the title of Osprey.
The feature of steel of the present invention and purpose will be with accompanying Claim with to the description of preferable embodiment and learn.
Accompanying drawing is described,
With reference to accompanying drawing the experiment of being carried out is described, described description of drawings is punching press wearing and tearing and punching press number of times relation aspect the punching press ultrahigh-strength steel plates.
Preferable embodiment is described
Steel of the present invention is intended to be used to make cold work tool.Cold work tool carries out operations such as blanking, punching press, compacting and crooked steel sheet such as being used to automotive industry.In this field, some ultrahigh-strength steel have been developed in recent years.SSAB Tunnplat AB has developed a kind of in these steel, and its commodity are called Docol TM1400DP, and except that Fe and unavoidable impurities, it generally also contains (% weight): 0.18C, 0.50Si, 1.80Mn, 0.015P, 0.002S, 0.040Al and 0.030Nb.This steel is with the specification manufacturing of 0.50-2.00mm, and by terms of delivery, it has the listed mechanical property of table 3.
Table 3: the mechanical property of work material
Steel Grade Yield strength Rp0.2 or R el，N/mm 2Maximum-minimum Yield strength Rp2.0+BH after 2% distortion and the heat hardening (170 ℃/20 minutes), N/mm 2, minimum Transverse tensile strength, Rm, N/mm 2Minimum-maximum Unit elongation A 80, the % minimum Minimum radius when curving 90 °
Docol (TM)1400DP ?1200-(1450) ????1350 ?1400-1600 ?3 4.0 * thickness
Component in the side protection system, bumper reinforcement, seat frame, crossbeam in the motorcycle and structural part are the typical field of application of this steel.The research of being carried out is intended to estimate this steel as the realizability of the instrument of making described type products and assess this steel and the cold performance comparison that adds with steel that other is commercially available.
The Chemical Composition of detected steel is listed in the table 4.Steel No.19 is a steel of the present invention.35 tons of this steel have been produced with electric arc furnace.Cast ingot with this steel, this ingot is through forging and rolling and become bar-shaped.Contained Ni, Nb, Ti and Cu is from raw materials used residue in this steel, thereby is not deliberately to add.For making steel-deoxidizing once add Al, thereby described Al content comes the residue of technology since then.Steel No.20 meets above-mentioned US-A-5,160,553 steel, and it is to be made by the other producer.This commercially available analyzing with reference to its Chemical Composition by the applicant.Steel No.21,22 and 23 is commercially available steel of being made by the applicant.Each content of steel No.21-23 in the table 4 is nominal content.Steel No.21 is the conventional steel of making, and steel No.22, the 23rd produces with powder metallurgic method.Except that the content of the listed various elements of table 4, these steel also contain normal amount, from the impurity that is used to make this steel raw material.
Table 4: Chemical Composition (% weight)
Steel No. ???C ???Si ???Mn ????P ????S ?Cr ?Ni ?Mo ???W ???V ???Nb ????Ti ????Cu ????Al ????N ????O Surplus
?19 ?0.91 ?0.9 ?0.52 ?0.021 ?0.0007 ?8.07 ?0.12 ?2.59 ?0.036 ?0.48 ?0.002 ?0.006 ?0.69 ?0.025 ?n.a. ??n.a. ??Fe
?20 ?1.06 ?0.79 ?0.39 ?0.021 ?0.0001 ?8.85 ?0.22 ?2.19 ?0.091 ?0.51 ?0.14 ?0.0052 ?0.07 ?0.891 ??n.a. ??n.a. ??Fe
?21 ?1.55 ?0.3 ?0.3 ≤0.030 ≤0.030 ?12.0 ?0.8 ?0.8 ??Fe
?22 ?1.5 ?1.0 ?0.4 ≤0.02 ≤0.015 ?8.0 ?1.5 ?4.0 ??Fe
?23 ??2.07 ?1.0 ??0.4 ?≤0.02 ?≤0.015 ??6.8 ??1.5 ?5.35 ??Fe
N.a.=does not analyze
Make the drift that punch diameter is 10mm with the rod of steel No.19-23.This excellent size is listed in the table 5.All drifts are taken from the heart portion of this bar and are intersected with this excellent direction, and drift is consistent with this excellent short transverse vertically.This work material is by described Docol TM1400DP constitutes, and its thickness is 10mm.For obtaining the intensity of highest level, cold rolling this steel also imposes thermal treatment to it, thereby reaches and caused good wear resistance, ductility/toughness index.Carry out stamping press with 15 tons of unfaithful intention press.Punching press speed is 200 times/minute; The punching press gap is 6%; Unlubricated.Measure wearing and tearing with bevelled mirror, in the forward and backward measurement camber line of punching press deviation.This difference is converted to the m with μ 2The numerical value of expression is with its representative wearing and tearing.
Drift abrasion loss after table 5 has been showed test parameter and put down in writing punching press 20000 times.This table has also been showed the thermal treatment to instrument.All instruments from shown in the austenitizing temperature (T table 5 that quenches ARepresent this temperature), cooling back tempering 2 times is at every turn with the tempering of temperature shown in the table 52 hours.
Table 5
Steel No. Drift wearing and tearing (μ m 2) The size (mm) of rod Hardness (HRC) Thermal treatment
????19 ????13125 ??254×76.2 ????60 T A=1030 ℃/30 minutes+550 °/2 * 2h
????20 ????36105 ??200×100 ????59.5 T A=1050 ℃/30 minutes+550 °/2 * 2h
????21 ????18743 ???250×80 ????60.5 T A=1020 ℃/30 minutes+550 °/2 * 2h
????22 ????9618 ????250×80 ????60 T A=1020 ℃/30 minutes+525 °/2 * 2h
????23 ????7790 ????250×63 ????60.5 T A=1020 ℃/30 minutes+525 °/2 * 2h
In the accompanying drawings, wearing and tearing in the whole punching test process have been showed.This result can explain in the following manner.The steel No.22,23 that powder metallurgic method is made has enough ductility, thereby has avoided the micro-chip (microchipping) of punch edge, and the wearing and tearing of the minimum of steel No.23 are higher owing to V content wherein.The Chemical Composition of the alloying element among the steel No.19 of the present invention is through balance well, thereby this steel has the balanced combination of various performances, and wherein wear control the micro-chip of punch edge.Its wear resistance is better than the very high steel No.21 of alloy content, and can be high with V content, produces with powder metallurgic method, and high-grade steel No.22 is equal to mutually with 23 wear resistance.Especially, steel No.20 has the trend of the micro-chip of tangible generation punch edge, and this has explained why in test its performance is bad.

Claims (17)

1. cold-working steel is characterized in that it has following Chemical Composition (% weight):
0.82-0.97?C，
Trace-maximum 1.10Si,
Trace-maximum 0.62Mn,
At least 7.6 but less than 8.0Cr,
2.30-2.70Mo，
0.35-0.55V, the Fe of surplus and to make the impurity of the normal amount that the relict element form in the process exists from this steel.
2. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, and it contains 0.70Si and 0.38Mn at least at least.
3. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, and it contains maximum 0.25W.
4. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, and it contains maximum 0.40Ni.
5. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, and it contains maximum 0.15N, and is more preferably maximum 0.03N.
6. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, and it contains maximum 0.30Cu.
7. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, and it contains 0.85-0.95C.
8. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, and it contains 0.46-0.54Mn.
9. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, and it contains 2.40-2.60Mo.
10. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, and it contains 0.4-0.5V.
11. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, it contains the Al of 0-0.1, is more preferably maximum 0.045Al, is 0.010-0.045Al aptly.
12. the cold-working steel of claim 1 is characterized by, it contains 0.92C, 0.95Si, 0.5Mn, 7.8Cr, 2.5Mo, 0.45V.
13. the cold-working steel of any one among the claim 1-2, it is characterized by, it is at 1000-1080 ℃ of austenitizing, be chilled to room temperature, contain 3-6% (volume) carbide after the 180-650 ℃ of one or many tempering, 3-5% (volume) carbide preferably, its 0.25-0.45% (volume) is the MC carbide, and all the other mainly are M 7C 3Carbide.
14. the purposes of the cold-working steel of any one in the claim 1-13 item, it is used to make cold set.
15. the purposes of claim 14 is blanking, punching press or the shapings that are used for metal sheet.
16. the purposes of claim 14 is to be used for processing structure spare, preferably processes steel plate.
17. the purposes of claim 14 is to be used for the metal sheet that processing automobile industry, large-scale home appliances industry and electrical equipment industry are used as structural part.
CN99804471A 1998-03-27 1999-03-08 Cold work steel Expired - Lifetime CN1098369C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9801045A SE511747C2 (en) 1998-03-27 1998-03-27 Cold Work
SE98010457 1998-03-27

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CN1295625A true CN1295625A (en) 2001-05-16
CN1098369C CN1098369C (en) 2003-01-08

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EP (1) EP1068367B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002509987A (en)
KR (1) KR100562760B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1098369C (en)
AT (1) ATE240418T1 (en)
AU (1) AU740280B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9909159A (en)
CA (1) CA2325453C (en)
DE (2) DE69907896D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2197637T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1033964A1 (en)
SE (1) SE511747C2 (en)
TW (1) TW500810B (en)
WO (1) WO1999050469A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108220808A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-06-29 昆山邦泰汽车零部件制造有限公司 A kind of steel for manufacturing punch machining equipment for automotive punch
CN113493885A (en) * 2020-04-01 2021-10-12 东莞市奥利瓦钢材模具有限公司 High-performance hot-work die steel and preparation method thereof
CN113604744A (en) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-05 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 High-strength and high-toughness cold-work die steel and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10019042A1 (en) * 2000-04-18 2001-11-08 Edelstahl Witten Krefeld Gmbh Nitrogen alloyed steel produced by spray compacting used in the production of composite materials contains alloying additions of manganese and molybdenum
FR2823768B1 (en) * 2001-04-18 2003-09-05 Usinor TOOL STEEL WITH REINFORCED TENACITY, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PARTS THEREOF AND PARTS OBTAINED
AU2003289470A1 (en) 2002-12-25 2004-07-22 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Cold die steel excellent in characteristic of suppressing dimensional change
JP5988732B2 (en) * 2012-07-02 2016-09-07 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 Cold work tool steel with high hardness and toughness
JP6590213B2 (en) * 2013-05-30 2019-10-16 日立金属株式会社 Manufacturing method of cold working mold
WO2017109233A1 (en) * 2015-12-24 2017-06-29 Rovalma, S.A Long durability high performance steel for structural, machine and tooling applications
JP2020111766A (en) * 2019-01-08 2020-07-27 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 Cold tool steel

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SE456650C (en) * 1987-03-19 1989-07-11 Uddeholm Tooling Ab POWDER METAL SURGICAL PREPARED STEEL STEEL
AT393387B (en) * 1989-10-23 1991-10-10 Boehler Gmbh COLD WORK STEEL WITH HIGH PRESSURE STRENGTH AND USE OF THIS STEEL

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108220808A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-06-29 昆山邦泰汽车零部件制造有限公司 A kind of steel for manufacturing punch machining equipment for automotive punch
CN113493885A (en) * 2020-04-01 2021-10-12 东莞市奥利瓦钢材模具有限公司 High-performance hot-work die steel and preparation method thereof
CN113604744A (en) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-05 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 High-strength and high-toughness cold-work die steel and preparation method thereof

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CN1098369C (en) 2003-01-08
EP1068367A1 (en) 2001-01-17
AU740280B2 (en) 2001-11-01
ES2197637T3 (en) 2004-01-01
DE69907896T4 (en) 2005-10-27
WO1999050469A1 (en) 1999-10-07
CA2325453A1 (en) 1999-10-07
KR20010072559A (en) 2001-07-31
KR100562760B1 (en) 2006-03-23
AU3737499A (en) 1999-10-18
SE9801045D0 (en) 1998-03-27
CA2325453C (en) 2008-05-13
ATE240418T1 (en) 2003-05-15
BR9909159A (en) 2000-12-05
JP2002509987A (en) 2002-04-02
TW500810B (en) 2002-09-01
SE511747C2 (en) 1999-11-15
HK1033964A1 (en) 2001-10-05
SE9801045L (en) 1999-09-28
DE69907896D1 (en) 2003-06-18
DE69907896T2 (en) 2004-02-19
EP1068367B1 (en) 2003-05-14

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Granted publication date: 20030108

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