CN1292994A

CN1292994A - Method for breading protospecies of black-feather layer of green-shell egg

Info

Publication number: CN1292994A
Application number: CN 00116001
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王柏枝; 谭正先; 高勤; 吴邻; 王娈; 余应龙; 郝允满; 何智明; 何晓辉
Original assignee: Countryside Work Bureau Chuodao Economical Technological Development Zone Jing
Current assignee: Countryside Work Bureau Chuodao Economical Technological Development Zone Jing
Priority date: 2000-08-31
Filing date: 2000-08-31
Publication date: 2001-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2020-08-31
Also published as: CN1135919C

Abstract

A method for breeding the protospecies of black-feather layer of green-shell egg includes choosing the mutant gene of black-feather layer of green-shell egg as source material, 3-5 generation breeding by combination of "Closed familiy breeding" with "individual breeding" to obtain homozygote with dominant gene, and transverse crossing to obtain group. The resultant layer features high adaptability and disease resistance. Its egg features higher nutrients and protein contents, low harmful matter and rich iodine and selenium.

Description

The breeding method of black-feather layer of green-shell egg original seed

The present invention relates to the method for breading protospecies that a kind of genetic character is black feather, green eggshell.

China people raise chickens with a long history, but feeding and management is in extensive state for a long time, are unfavorable for very much the production of raising chickens of extensive, high benefit.Standard variety of chicken and commercial strain are anxious treats that improvement improves, and the chicken kind of stabilization characteristics of genetics is less.The famous landrace of listed domestic chicken are example in the following table:

Kind	Feather color	The eggshell color
The fairy house chicken	Yellow, fiber crops, white, black	The brown eggshell
The Xiaoshan chicken	Yellow, numb, reddish yellow	The brown eggshell
The Pudong chicken	Golden yellow, reddish brown, numb	The brown eggshell
Land of Peach Blossoms chicken	Huang, jute, black fiber crops	Sundown, light brown eggshell
Gu-shi chicken	Golden red, Chinese ephedra, black	Light brown eggshell
A fine breed of chicken with thick brownish feathers	Yellow, black, reddish brown	The brown eggshell

Unstable genetic state is enriched, is to feather color proterties with the chicken of raising variety; It is that genetic character is more stable that the eggshell color of all chicken kinds belongs to brown shell egg.In China, the monochromatic feather of stabilization characteristics of genetics and the improved seeds chicken of eggshell have two kinds: " shouguang chicken " is the black reddish brown eggshell of plumage; " Huiyang chicken " is yellow plumage brown eggshell.

Poultry husbandry is divided the chicken kind with the feather color of chicken: variegated strain and monochromatic strain; Have with the division of eggshell color proterties: white shell egg is brown shell egg system and powder shell egg system.No matter be that peasant household under the extensive condition raises, or the chicken of the extensive raising of standardization, standardization, batch production, the black feather of stabilization characteristics of genetics and the standard strain of green eggshell still do not had.

The present invention is based upon on the monochromatic black plumage of random mutation chicken gene, the newfound basis of monochromatic green-egg-shelled, the black plumage of maintenance that research and development a kind of can be stable, the chicken breading protospecies technical method that the egg with green shell gene is the dominant inheritance proterties.

The objective of the invention is to: breed by black-feather layer of green-shell egg being carried out system's family locking, forming stabilization characteristics of genetics is the homozygous gene chicken original seed of black feather and green eggshell; After further each family intersection of this chicken original seed being bred the expansion group again, form commodity production scale ability, for China's poultry husbandry provides a kind of new egg kind.

Breeding technique scheme of the present invention is as follows:

1, subject study personnel Wang Baizhi of the present invention finds indivedual egg with green shell sales in nineteen ninety-five on market, collect altogether and buy 18 pieces back, hatches 7 hens, 4 cocks; The chick feather is black, Huang Erse; After breeding, hen produces green-egg-shelled 71.4%; Through seed selection in 3 years test, the green-egg-shelled laying rate improves year by year; The cultivation result who makes the breeding material with this chicken shows: black plumage, layer of green-shell egg gene are dominant genes.

2, adopt " family locking selection " and " individual selection " to combine, form 12 family groupuscules altogether; Can form 1000 familys at most; That is:

F ₁Black plumage ♂ in generation and ♀ produce green-egg-shelled and reserve seed for planting, and after hatching, breed and form new family; F wherein ₁The chicken that yellow plumage in generation and black plumage ♀ produce white egg or other non-green egg is eliminated; The white shell egg of certain black plumage, layer of green-shell egg family or non-green-egg-shelled laying rate are higher than 50% this family is eliminated.

3, second generation selection is:

F ₂Select and remain and form the method and the F of new family ₁Identical, be about to F ₂Black plumage ♂ in generation and ♀ produce green-egg-shelled and reserve seed for planting, and after hatching, breed and form new family; F wherein ₂The chicken that yellow plumage in generation and black plumage ♀ produce white shell egg or other non-green-egg-shelled is eliminated; The white shell egg of certain black plumage, layer of green-shell egg family or non-green-egg-shelled laying rate are higher than 50% this family is eliminated.

4, breed as stated above 3-5 generation, feather is black entirely, and the traversed by that the green-egg-shelled laying rate is carried out more than 99% between family again expands the group, as shown in Figure 1; Analogize according to the diagram principle: seed selection is to F ₄In generation, later on can be with any one family F ₄The F of ♂ and different familys ₄The ♀ traversed by obtains F ₅For black-feather layer of green-shell egg; Vice versa.

Carry out individual choice when 5, each generation is formed new family;

Macroscopic features: whole body feather black, band gloss; Leaf-comb; Leg skin and beak light black; Skin white; The figure takes the shape of the letter U.

The seed selection timetable:

Campaign	Age in week	Brief description	The seed selection state
Incubation period	0	Nature or artificial incubation under standard conditions	Hatching
Brood time
	7	Brood under standard batch production or the artificial condition	Primary election
Finishing period	20	Detail record is conscientiously observed and done to individuality	Final election
Laying period	47	1, the little net of egg collection is isolated; 2, hatching and nestling primary election; 3, breed the new family of back final election recomposition.	Be not inconsistent eliminating of the black green eggshell gene of plumage

Productivity: the chicken body weight ♂ 1750-2250g that grows up, ♀ 1250-1500g.

Open the product age in days: 160-180 day, egg number 125-135 piece, egg size 50-55g.

6, for guaranteeing black plumage, egg with green shell fertilization rate 〉=98%, microspecies group's male and female chicken ratio that implementation locking isolation is cultivated in every family is: ♂: ♀=1: 5.

7, traversed by expands the raising after the group, and under the condition of the not non-black plumage of heterozygosis, layer of green-shell egg gene, the purebred black plumage of the present invention, layer of green-shell egg chicken kind can be raised scattered, but also the plane house is supported or raised in cages.

8, the feed that uses of chicken method for breading protospecies of the present invention is to meet China's fowl raising standard, crude protein content to be not less than 16% normal diet.

On June 7th, 1999, No:S99X0394 (green-egg-shelled) and No:S99X0396 (Countryside Egg) survey report are signed and issued by Ministry of Agriculture food quality supervision verification test center (Wuhan), two kinds of egg samples are to adopt the standard sampling method to obtain under equal raising condition, main nutrient composition, protein component to two kinds of eggs, reach harmful substance and carried out check mensuration, it the results are shown in subordinate list one and subordinate list two:

Subordinate list one: vitamin, micro-testing result are relatively

Test item	Unit	The egg with green shell measured data	Local egg measured data	Egg with green shell and local chicken egg content be high rate % relatively
Vitamin E	iu/100g	1．16	1．02	+13．7%
Iodine (T)	mg/kg	2．76	1．25	+120．8%
Selenium (Se)	mg/kg	0．54	0．30	+80%
Mercury (Hg)	mg/kg	0．007		Qualified

Explanation to last table:

1, the vitamin content of egg with green shell is 1.137 times of local local egg, exceeds 13.7%;

2, the iodine of egg with green shell (I) content is 2.208 times of local local egg, exceeds 120.8%;

3, the selenium of egg with green shell (Se) content is 1.8 times of local local egg, exceeds 80%.

4, egg with green shell mercury (Hg) content is 0.007mg/kg, be lower than≤state-set standard of 0.03mg/kg, and be 23.3% of this standard, than low 3.28 times of this standard.Subordinate list two: the amino acid assay relatively

Egg with green shell of the present invention is measured through check and is shown that it is a kind of natural green food, and its main nutrient composition and protein component all are higher than local Countryside Egg, and its harmful substance contents index is significantly less than national standard; Iodine that it is rich in and selenium have certain prevention effect to some localized disease.Of the present invention have isozygoty a successful cultivation of genetic proterties chicken original seed of black feather, egg with green shell, for China's poultry husbandry provides a kind of new layer breed.The black-feather layer of green-shell egg premunition of cultivating according to the present invention is strong, and adaptability is strong.

Description of drawings: Fig. 1 is F ₄In generation, is traversed by expansion group schematic diagram between each family later on.

Can cultivate according to the described method of specification of the present invention have black plumage, egg with green shell isozygotys genetic proterties chicken original seed.

Claims

1, method for breading protospecies of black-feather layer of green-shell egg, relate to and select for use black plumage, egg with green shell mutator gene to make material, utilization " family locking seed selection " and " individual seed selection " combines on 1-1000 family scale, be commissioned to train through 3-5 and educate, obtain the technical method of the homozygote chicken original seed of a kind of black plumage, egg with green shell dominant inheritance gene;

It is characterized in that:

(A) form 1-1000 family with black-feather layer of green-shell egg;

(B) family locking breeding method:

First generation seed selection:

F ₁Black plumage ♂ in generation and ♀ produce green-egg-shelled and reserve seed for planting, and after hatching, breed and form new family; F wherein ₁The chicken that yellow plumage in generation and black plumage ♀ produce white egg or other non-green egg is eliminated; The white shell egg of certain black plumage, layer of green-shell egg family or non-green-egg-shelled laying rate are higher than 50% this family is eliminated;

Second generation seed selection:

F ₂The method of forming new family is about to F ₂Black plumage ♂ in generation and ♀ produce green-egg-shelled and reserve seed for planting, and after hatching, breed and form new family; F wherein ₂The chicken that yellow plumage in generation and black plumage ♀ produce white shell egg or other non-green-egg-shelled is eliminated; The white shell egg of certain black plumage, layer of green-shell egg family or non-green-egg-shelled laying rate are higher than 50% this family is eliminated;

Breed 3-5 generation as stated above, feather is black entirely, and the green-egg-shelled laying rate is more than 99%, and the traversed by that carries out again between family expands the group;

Seed selection is to F ₄In generation, later on can be with any one family F ₄The F of ♂ and different familys ₄The ♀ traversed by obtains F ₅For black-feather layer of green-shell egg;

The individual seed selection of carrying out when (C) each generation is formed new family:

Macroscopic features: whole body feather black, band gloss; Leaf-comb; Leg skin and beak light black; Skin white; The figure takes the shape of the letter U;

The seed selection timetable: Campaign Age in week Brief description The seed selection state Incubation period 0 Nature or artificial incubation under standard conditions Hatching Brood time 7 Brood under standard batch production or the artificial condition Primary election Finishing period 20 Detail record is conscientiously observed and done to individuality Final election Laying period 47 A, the little net of egg collection are isolated; B, hatching and nestling primary election; C, breed back final election recomposition new family. Be not inconsistent eliminating of black-feather green-shell protein-2 genes

Productivity: the chicken body weight ♂ 1750-2250g that grows up, ♀ 1250-1500g; Open and produce age in days 160-180 day, egg number 125-135 piece, egg size 50-55g;

(D) every family microspecies group male and female chicken ratio is: ♂: ♀=1: 5;

(E) raising method:

Traversed by expands the raising after the group, and under the condition of the not non-black plumage of heterozygosis, layer of green-shell egg gene, the purebred black plumage of the present invention, layer of green-shell egg chicken kind can be raised scattered, but also the plane house is supported or raised in cages;

The feed that this breeding method uses is to meet China's fowl raising standard, crude protein content to be not less than 16% normal diet.