CN1292797C - 免疫调节剂、免疫调节剂食品和免疫调节剂饲料 - Google Patents
免疫调节剂、免疫调节剂食品和免疫调节剂饲料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1292797C CN1292797C CNB001043234A CN00104323A CN1292797C CN 1292797 C CN1292797 C CN 1292797C CN B001043234 A CNB001043234 A CN B001043234A CN 00104323 A CN00104323 A CN 00104323A CN 1292797 C CN1292797 C CN 1292797C
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Abstract
提供免疫调节剂,在所述免疫调节剂中DNA可经口或皮肤给予,而不是注射给予,或者可以象食品一样每日摄食;或者提供免疫调节剂食品或免疫调节剂饲料。将得自诸如枯草芽胞杆菌、乳酸菌、氨基酸生产菌和大肠杆菌的原核生物细胞的DNA加入到食品或者模制成能够经口、皮肤或粘膜给予的DNA免疫调节剂,或者制成食品、饲料或者诸如此类。
Description
本发明涉及外用的含有得自原核生物细胞的DNA的免疫调节剂、免疫调节剂食品、免疫调节剂饲料、锭剂和药物。
人们认为适度激活人和动物的免疫活性对抗传染病(包括普通感冒)是重要的,对癌症的初级预防和控制变应性及特应性疾病等也是重要的。已知得自原核生物细胞的DNA具有免疫强化活性,而得自真核细胞的DNA无免疫强化活性。然而,体外脱氧核糖核酸酶处理使DNA的免疫调节活性丧失(S.Yamamoto等,Microbiol.Immunol.,第36卷(9),983-997,1992)。迄今为止人们认为,因为人类和动物消化液酶含有脱氧核糖核酸酶,所以只有通过其注射给予才能发挥DNA的免疫调节活性。
然而,因为注射给药对所述机体是个损伤,所以不适合反复给药。为了改善免疫强化所必需的物理条件,实践中相当重要的是通过每日像摄食食物一样服食DNA或者与皮肤粘膜接触达到上述目的。
因此本发明的目的是提供免疫调节剂,在该免疫调节剂中DNA不是通过注射给予,而是例如经口或皮肤给予;或者象食物或饲料一样每日摄食。
为了解决上述问题进行广泛研究的结果,本发明人发现,经口或皮肤给予得自例如枯草芽胞杆菌和乳酸菌的原核生物细胞的DNA意外地显现免疫调节活性。该发现导致完成本发明。
即,本发明将提供含有作为活性成份的原核生物细胞源DNA的免疫调节剂、免疫调节剂食品或免疫调节剂饲料。
本发明为人类或动物提供调节所述免疫功能的方法,所述方法通过经口、皮肤或粘膜给予药用有效量的DNA,所述DNA从原核生物细胞提取获得。
最好是所述DNA是通过以下步骤生产的产品:培养原核生物细胞,收获所述细胞,用细菌细胞壁消化酶将所述细胞溶于水中,并向该裂解液加入乙醇以分离DNA产品。所述DNA可以是细菌细胞的DNA提取制品或乙醇或含水乙醇中的细菌细胞的乙醇不溶性组分。以约40%(体积/体积)含水乙醇可以很好获得所述产品。
最好是所述DNA含有至少8个碱基并包含至少一个CpG序列。所述DNA可以是其钠盐。
在本发明中,网状内皮系统被激活。因此,可治疗传染病。
在本发明中,肿瘤生长被抑制。
在本发明中,自身免疫性皮肤病得到治疗。
在本发明中,所述原核生物不必是特殊的细菌。然而,考虑到安全性问题,可提及枯草芽胞杆菌(杆菌属)、乳酸菌(乳杆菌)、氨基酸生产菌、大肠杆菌等。其中特别优选纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bacillus natto)、乳酸杆菌和氨基酸生产菌用于生产食品。作为乳酸菌,可优选干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、德氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus del-brueckii)、粪链球菌(Streptococcusfaecalis)、长双歧杆菌(Biphidobacterium longum)等。作为氨基酸生产菌,可优选例如谷氨酸棒杆菌(Corynebacterium glutamicum)、力士棒杆菌(Corynebacterium herculis)、黄色短杆菌(Brevibacteriumflavum)、嗜氨微杆菌(Microbacterium ammoniaphilum)和大肠杆菌。
可以用已知方法从原核生物细胞生产DNA。例如可以在合适培养基中培养谷氨酸棒杆菌。然后离心收获所述细胞,用0.85%生理盐水洗涤,之后将其悬浮于生理盐水或纯水。加入诸如溶菌酶的细菌细胞壁消化酶溶解细胞。向所述溶液逐渐加入已冷的无水乙醇。将不溶于40%(体积/体积)乙醇浓度的DNA缠绕在玻棒上。用60%v/v乙醇、70%v/v乙醇和80%(重量)乙醇依次洗涤所获得的DNA,真空干燥以获得高纯度DNA制品。
所获得的DNA制品本身可以加入到食品、饲料或饮料。也可能的是将所获得的DNA制品与常规用于药物生产的填料、赋形剂等混合,然后将所述混合物根据需要模制成合适形状以提供药物制剂或食品。所述DNA也可以配制成溶液。
所述原核生物DNA的免疫调节活性在化学上是稳定的。如实施例4和实施例5中所述,即使加入到普通饲料,它既不与饲料成份发生反应也不会因加热而失活。这表明,在生产含有该DNA的免疫调节剂食品和免疫调节剂的步骤中,可以随意地进行烹调或加热灭菌处理。如上所述,得自原核生物的DNA的免疫调节活性是稳定的,未观察到随时间而发生退变。因此,其活性在本品贮藏和流通中不会丧失。
在以免疫调节剂的水溶液形式给予DNA的情况下,特别通过超声处理或限制性内切核酸酶处理使其变为低分子,由此使其粘度降低而方便饮用。在超声处理中,例如,将纯水加入所述DNA制品使其浓度为1%,并对其进行超声处理5-10分钟,同时用冰水冷却。已知得自原核生物细胞的DNA分子显示免疫调节活性,因为其碱基序列是特征性的,而且原核生物细胞与真核细胞不同,它含有大量CpG序列(A.M.Krieg等,Nature,第374卷;第546-549页,1995)。因此,在限制性内切核酸酶处理中,并不特别选择限制性内切核酸酶,只要它能切断CpG键。可以用常规内切核酸酶处理方法进行所述限制性内切核酸酶处理。
当将DNA加到食品时,所用食品是不特别受限制的。DNA可以加入到例如主食,诸如面包、面条和大米;配菜,诸如清煮鱼膏(蒲)、火腿、香肠、熟沙拉和醋渍疏菜;调味料,诸如豆瓣酱(日本豆酱)、酱油、汤、沙司和佐料汁;乳制品,诸如奶、可可饮料、奶油、人造奶油、奶酪和冰激淋;糖食,诸如曲奇饼、饼干、薄酥饼、糖果和口香糖;加工果品,诸如果汁饮料和果酱;和宠物饲料、渔业及畜牧业饲料等。
当本发明的DNA作为主要药物应用时,它可以以粉剂、颗粒剂、分散剂、胶囊剂、糖果、饮料或诸如此类口服应用。除此之外,它还可以以软膏剂、敷剂、溶液剂或沐浴制品经皮肤应用以及以锭剂、栓剂或含漱剂经粘膜应用。在经皮肤应用时,优选上述低分子制品。当本发明免疫调节剂通过口服应用时,标准摄入是0.001-100g/天相当量的DNA,而且没有具体的上限。经皮肤使用的DNA浓度范围为0.001-100%,但是它并不特别受限制。
根据本发明,可以提供免疫调节剂,其中的DNA可以经口或皮肤给予,而不是注射给予,或者其中的DNA可以像食物或饲料一样每日摄食;本发明还提供免疫调节剂食品或饲料。
实施例
通过给出以下实施例更具体地说明本发明。另外,在实施例中%和份数均是以重量计的。
实施例1(细胞DNA的提取)
将谷氨酸棒杆菌IAM12435接种到含有10ml营养肉汤的L型试管,于30℃振摇培养7小时。分别在10个容量为500ml并含有100mlMimura等的培养基(Hakko Kogaku Zasshi,第41卷,第5期,第275-281页,1963)的锥形瓶中接种1ml所述培养液,于37℃振摇培养21小时。将该培养物再加到20升Mimura等的培养基中,在小型发酵罐中继续培养。然后在对数生长期以0.2单位/ml的浓度加入青霉素G。离心收获所述细胞以获得约1,000g湿细胞。用生理盐水离心洗涤所述湿细胞一次。然后,加入5升生理盐水悬浮所述细胞。一边搅拌一边加入1g卵清溶菌酶。于37℃搅拌2小时后,使温度升至65℃以破坏所述细胞。逐渐加入已经冷却至-20℃的无水乙醇。用玻棒缠绕不溶于40%乙醇浓度的DNA。用60%乙醇、70%乙醇和80%乙醇依次漂洗所获得的DNA,然后真空干燥,获得DNA制品5g。
实施例2(DNA的超声处理)
将实施例1中获得的DNA制品以10mg/ml浓度溶解于纯水中。将70ml所述DNA溶液装入超声波仪(Kubota Seisakusho K.K.制造,201M型超声波仪)容器中,并于90kHz超声处理5分钟,同时于-20℃冷却。向该溶液中加入2倍体积-20℃的无水冷乙醇。将所述混合物于-20℃静置24小时。然后将该沉淀离心,真空干燥,获得700mg超声处理的DNA制品。
实施例3(DNA的限制性内切核酸酶分解)
将纯水加入到实施例1中制得的DNA制品,使其以10mg/ml浓度溶解。于1ml该混合物中加入100mM tris盐酸缓冲液(pH 7.5)1ml,该缓冲液含有10mM MgCl2、1mM二硫苏糖醇和100mM NaCl。此外,加入10,000单位限制性内切核酸酶EcoRI(Takara Shuzo Co.,Ltd.生产),并于37℃进行该反应2小时。加入3M醋酸钠溶液0.2ml,再加入-20℃冷无水乙醇2.5倍体积。该混合物于-20℃静置24小时,然后离心所述沉淀。依次用60%、70%和80%乙醇漂洗所述沉淀,真空干燥,获得限制性内切核酸酶处理的DNA制品8mg。
实施例4(用含细菌DNA的饲料或饮用水激活网状内皮系统)
作为一个免疫调节活性指标,检测细菌DNA对网状内皮系统激活的影响。因为以饮用水给予需要降低溶液粘度,所以使用超声处理制品。对一组(5只)6周龄ICR-株雌性小鼠给予含0.1%或1%DNA制品的含DNA饲料或含DNA饮用水。在持续所述给予7天后,以8mg/100g体重静脉给予胶态炭(Pelican Ink)。在注射后0、3、6、9、12和15分钟后,眶后穿刺取血20μl,加到4ml 0.1%碳酸钠中。于675nm波长检测吸光度。用Kato等的方法(I.Kato等,Microbiol.Immunol.,第27卷(7),611-618,1983)计算碳从血液中清除的半衰期(清除率t1/2)。其结果示于表1。
表1
处理组 | 动物数 | t 1/2±SD min | P |
给予含0.1%谷氨酸棒杆菌IAM 12435 DNA的饲料 | 5 | 9.0±1.6 | <0.05 |
给予含1%谷氨酸棒杆菌IAM 12435 DNA的饲料 | 5 | 4.9±2.0 | <0.01 |
给予含0.1%超声处理的谷氨酸棒杆菌IAM 12435 DNA的饮用水 | 5 | 8.1±2.3 | <0.05 |
给予含1%超声处理的谷氨酸棒杆菌IAM 12435 DNA的饮用水 | 5 | 4.1±1.5 | <0.01 |
给予含1%纳豆芽孢杆菌DNA的饲料 | 5 | 6.6±0.9 | <0.01 |
给予含1%超声处理的纳豆芽孢杆菌DNA的饮用水 | 5 | 5.6±1.1 | <0.01 |
给予含1%酵母DNA的饲料 | 5 | 12.0±0.7 | ns |
给予含1%超声处理的酵母DNA的饮用水 | 5 | 11.9±2.2 | ns |
未处理组 | 5 | 13.5±1.8 |
从表1中的结果可清楚看出的是,在得自所述细菌的DNA中观察到所述网状内皮系统的激活,而在得自真核细胞(酵母)的DNA中未观察到所述网状内皮系统的激活。
按实施例1产生纳豆芽孢杆菌DNA。关于酵母DNA,在YPD培养基(2.0%葡萄糖,1%酵母提取物,2.0%细菌用蛋白胨,pH 5.0)中接种酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)FT-1,并于30℃培养。通过用10单位/ml酵解酶Zymolase(Seikagaku Kogyo K.K.生产)的含0.1mM EDTA的Tris盐酸缓冲液pH 7.0处理,使所述细胞经受溶菌作用。然后,以2%的速率加入SDS以破坏所述酵母细胞核。此外,按实施例1用冷无水乙醇处理所述产物,以形成酵母DNA制品。
此外,按实施例2生产纳豆芽孢杆菌DNA和酵母DNA的超声处理制品。
实施例5(用含细菌DNA的饲料或饮用水抑制肿瘤生长)
得自谷氨酸棒杆菌IAM 12435的DNA(实施例1)用作细菌DNA样品,而实施例4中所述的得自酵母的DNA用作比较和对照。任意给予雌性BALB/c小鼠饲料和水。含每种所述DNA制品(以90℃的产物温度热处理20分钟)的饲料的DNA含量为1%,含每种所述DNA制品(于90℃热处理20分钟)的饮用水的DNA含量为1%。两周后,以1×106细胞在所述小鼠背部皮下植入所述Meth-A肿瘤。此外,持续给予含有所述DNA的饲料。在肿瘤植入后的第十五天,取除所述肿瘤,称其重量。所述结果示于表2。
表2
治疗组 | 动物数 | 瘤重mg±SE | P |
给予含细菌DNA的饲料 | 19 | 463±61 | <0.05 |
给予含超声处理的细菌DNA的饮用水 | 20 | 349±52 | <0.05 |
给予含酵母DNA的饲料 | 10 | 650±323 | ns |
给予含超声处理的酵母DNA的饲料 | 10 | 882±223 | ns |
未处理组 | 18 | 769±80 |
如下进行所述饲料的生产。即,按照以下配方用常规方法生产混合饲料:20份酪蛋白、10份玉米油、30份矿物质混合物(OrientalYeast Co.,Ltd.生产)、2.0份维生素混合物(Oriental Yeast Co.,Ltd.生产)、49份玉米淀粉、10份糖、5份纤维素和1.0份实施例1中制备的DNA。
从表2可清楚看出的是,给予得自所述原核生物细胞的DNA使所述肿瘤的生长被抑制。
实施例6(外用药物的制备)
按照以下配方生产皮肤用制剂。
超声处理的谷氨酸棒杆菌IAM 12435DNA 1.0%
甘油 5.0%
丙二醇 4.0%
油醇 0.1%
乙醇 5.0%
苯甲酸 0.05%
纯水 84.9%
将超声处理的DNA(实施例2)、甘油和丙二醇加入纯水并溶解。同时,将油醇和苯甲酸溶在室温下溶解于乙醇。将该溶液加到所述纯水部分并溶解。该混合物于90℃加热20分钟,过滤,然后灌装。
实施例7(外用药物的制备)
按照以下配方生产皮肤用制剂。
限制性内切核酸酶处理的谷氨酸棒杆菌
IAM 12435 DNA 1.0%
甘油 5.0%
丙二醇 4.0%
油醇 0.1%
乙醇 5.0%
苯甲酸 0.05%
纯水 84.9%
将限制性内切核酸酶处理的DNA(实施例3)、甘油和丙二醇加入纯水并溶解。同时,将油醇和苯甲酸溶在室温下溶解于乙醇。该溶液加到所述纯水部分并溶解。该混合物过滤,然后灌装。
实施例8(锭剂的制备)
按照以下配方生产100片锭剂。
白糖(精制粉) 100g
阿拉伯胶(精制粉) 8g
超声处理的DNA 5g
薄荷醇 0.6mg
百里酚 0.6mg
桉叶油 0.002ml
柠檬油 0.002ml
水 适量
用湿法生产颗粒,并制成锭剂使得一片约1.2g。
实施例9
混合实施例1中制得的谷氨酸棒杆菌IAM 12435 DNA粉90mg、淀粉30mg和Avicell(纤维素,Asahi ChemicalIndustry Co.,Ltd.生产)180mg,以常规方法生产片型食品,使得每片为300mg。
实施例10
把纯水加入到实施例1中制得的谷氨酸棒杆菌IAM 12435 DNA粉0.05份、可可脂10份、砂糖7份、奶7份和乳化剂0.05份,以将总量调节为100份,用常规方法生产可可饮料。
实施例11
把纯水加入到实施例2中制得的谷氨酸棒杆菌IAM 12435 0.2份、可可脂10份、砂糖7份、奶7份和乳化剂0.05份,以将总量调节为100份,用常规方法生产可可饮料。
实施例12
用滚筒型制面机生产含DNA的粗制糊剂。该配方为:低强度面粉650g、硬质面粉(精制粗粉)350g、蛋白粉10g、蛋黄粉8g、麦醇溶蛋白15g、乙醇30g、DNA(实施例1)100mg和水280g。
实施例13
加入水500g和DNA(实施例1)300mg,蒸煮生大米500g,所述大米已经用水清洗并且已经沥干。
在一组12人中,每人每天食两餐所述配方米饭,持续一个冬季(3个月),其中仅2人患流感。同时,在未添加DNA的一组(12人)中,8人患者流感。由此,鉴定了DNA的免疫调节活性。
实施例14
通过均匀地混合以下组分生产粉状配合饲料:65%白鱼粉39份、大豆饼5份、维生素B1和其它维生素的混合物2份、钙、磷和其它矿物质2份、羧甲基纤维素2份和实施例1中制得的DNA 0.1份。
实施例15
已知全身性硬皮病为自身免疫性皮肤病,并认为干扰素对其治疗是有用的。采用用博莱霉素处理的硬皮病小鼠模型,检测实施例6中制得的外用DNA制剂的治疗效应。
每个实验组为6周龄的雌性BALB/c小鼠6只。给两组小鼠的背外侧皮下每天以10μg/0.1ml剂量给予博莱霉素4周。在皮下注射博莱霉素的一组小鼠中局部涂抹所述外用DNA制剂,而皮下注射博莱霉素的另一组局部涂抹作为对照的实施例6中的不含DNA的制剂。从博莱霉素处理开始的5周内每天进行所述涂抹步骤一次。在结束所述涂抹后的当天,测量所述皮肤的厚度。对照组测定值(2倍皮肤厚度±SE(mm))为5.27±0.66,而所述DNA处理组测定值为4.13±0.39。即,在用含DNA制剂处理的组中观察到显著抑制所述硬皮病。
Claims (11)
1.含有从原核生物细胞提取的DNA的免疫调节剂,所述DNA作为一种活性组分,其中所述原核生物是谷氨酸棒杆菌或纳豆芽孢杆菌,所述DNA是通过以下方法生产的产品,所述方法是培养原核生物细胞,收获所述细胞,用细菌细胞壁消化酶使所述细胞溶于水中,将乙醇或含水乙醇加到所述裂解液中,以分离DNA产物。
2.按照权利要求1要求的免疫调节剂,其中通过超声处理或限制性内切核酸酶处理使DNA变成低分子。
3.按照权利要求1要求的免疫调节剂,它是一种锭剂。
4.含有从原核生物细胞提取的DNA的免疫调节剂食品,其中所述DNA是通过以下方法生产的产品,所述方法是培养原核生物细胞,收获所述细胞,用细菌细胞壁消化酶使所述细胞溶于水中,将乙醇或含水乙醇加到所述裂解液中,以分离DNA产物。
5.含有从原核生物细胞提取的DNA的免疫调节剂饲料,其中所述DNA是通过以下方法生产的产品,所述方法是培养原核生物细胞,收获所述细胞,用细菌细胞壁消化酶使所述细胞溶于水中,将乙醇或含水乙醇加到所述裂解液中,以分离DNA产物。
6.从原核生物细胞提取的DNA在制备用于预防或治疗肿瘤、传染病或自身免疫性皮肤病的经口、皮肤或粘膜给药用药物中的应用,其中所述原核生物是谷氨酸棒杆菌或纳豆芽孢杆菌,其中所述DNA是通过以下方法生产的产品,所述方法是培养原核生物细胞,收获所述细胞,用细菌细胞壁消化酶使所述细胞溶于水中,将乙醇或含水乙醇加到所述裂解液中,以分离DNA产物。
7.按照权利要求6要求的应用,其中通过超声处理或限制性内切核酸酶处理使DNA变成低分子。
8.按照权利要求6要求的应用,其中网状内皮系统被激活。
9.按照权利要求6要求的应用,其中肿瘤的生长被抑制。
10.按照权利要求6要求的应用,其中自身免疫性皮肤病得到治疗。
11.按照权利要求6要求的应用,其中传染病得到治疗。
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JP75396/99 | 1999-03-19 | ||
JP11075396A JP2000262247A (ja) | 1999-03-19 | 1999-03-19 | 免疫調節剤、免疫調節食品および免疫調節飼料 |
JP75396/1999 | 1999-03-19 |
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CN1267519A CN1267519A (zh) | 2000-09-27 |
CN1292797C true CN1292797C (zh) | 2007-01-03 |
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CNB001043234A Expired - Fee Related CN1292797C (zh) | 1999-03-19 | 2000-03-17 | 免疫调节剂、免疫调节剂食品和免疫调节剂饲料 |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US6486132B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1038530A3 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2000262247A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20000062799A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1292797C (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2273834A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI273910B (zh) |
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KR100449598B1 (ko) * | 2000-12-08 | 2004-09-18 | (주) 피엘바이오 | 헬리코박터 필로리의 활성을 억제하는 유산균 |
JP4851185B2 (ja) | 2003-05-16 | 2012-01-11 | ジェレックスインターナショナル株式会社 | アレルギー症状抑制剤及び空気濾過フィルター |
US20060018843A1 (en) * | 2004-07-24 | 2006-01-26 | Fine Kenneth D | Halitosis, gingivitis, and periodontitis treatment and preventative composition |
KR100568036B1 (ko) * | 2004-08-12 | 2006-04-07 | 하남주 | 장기능 활성화 및 면역기능 강화작용을 하는비피도박테리움 균주 및 이를 함유하는 생균제제 |
JP4886983B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-09 | 2012-02-29 | アサマ化成株式会社 | 抗体を含有する機能性組成物 |
JP5114173B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-30 | 2013-01-09 | 株式会社マルハニチロ食品 | 飲料への配合に適した核酸素材及びその製造方法 |
JP5950827B2 (ja) | 2010-12-28 | 2016-07-13 | キリンホールディングス株式会社 | 乳酸菌を含むインターフェロン産生誘導剤 |
WO2014047588A1 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-27 | Elizabeth Mckenna | Naturally occurring cpg oligonucleotide compositions and therapeutic applications thereof |
CN105193836A (zh) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-30 | 陶烈晖 | 外用补充核苷酸的方法和制剂 |
DE102016007169A1 (de) | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-14 | Bomag Gmbh | Baumaschine, insbesondere Bodenverdichtungsmaschine, speziell Gummiradwalze, Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Baumaschine und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Baumaschine |
CN106490361A (zh) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 南宁学院 | 一种对猪有免疫增强活性的CpG ODN的制备方法 |
CN108142730B (zh) * | 2016-12-06 | 2021-08-13 | 屏东科技大学 | 具有免疫调节功能的虾用饲料添加剂以及含此的虾用饲料组合物 |
CN113717875A (zh) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-11-30 | 孙长春 | 一种格氏乳杆菌及其应用 |
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WO1996002555A1 (en) * | 1994-07-15 | 1996-02-01 | The University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Immunomodulatory oligonucleotides |
CA2218672A1 (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-03-03 | Asama Chemical Co., Ltd. | Antimicrobial agents for eucaryotic microorganisms and methods of growth suppression of eucaryotic microorganisms using these agents |
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US4346118A (en) | 1980-05-02 | 1982-08-24 | University Of Delaware | Antimicrobial agents added to animal feeds |
DE3410348A1 (de) | 1984-03-21 | 1985-10-03 | Helmut Dr. Bozen Schwienbacher | Verfahren zur bekaempfung von fischmykosen und mittel zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
DE3830616A1 (de) | 1988-09-09 | 1990-03-15 | Ruetgerswerke Ag | Prophylaktikum fuer fische |
IL110463A0 (en) | 1993-08-13 | 1994-10-21 | Du Pont | In situ extraction of microbial DNA |
US5830877A (en) * | 1993-08-26 | 1998-11-03 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method, compositions and devices for administration of naked polynucleotides which encode antigens and immunostimulatory |
IT1275881B1 (it) | 1995-03-09 | 1997-10-24 | Res Pharma Srl | Polianioni di origine non animale ad attivita' dermatologica e tricogena |
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1999
- 1999-03-19 JP JP11075396A patent/JP2000262247A/ja active Pending
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- 1999-06-09 CA CA002273834A patent/CA2273834A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2000
- 2000-02-18 TW TW089102841A patent/TWI273910B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-03-09 KR KR1020000011791A patent/KR20000062799A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1996002555A1 (en) * | 1994-07-15 | 1996-02-01 | The University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Immunomodulatory oligonucleotides |
CA2218672A1 (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-03-03 | Asama Chemical Co., Ltd. | Antimicrobial agents for eucaryotic microorganisms and methods of growth suppression of eucaryotic microorganisms using these agents |
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CA2273834A1 (en) | 2000-09-19 |
US6486132B2 (en) | 2002-11-26 |
KR20000062799A (ko) | 2000-10-25 |
TWI273910B (en) | 2007-02-21 |
EP1038530A3 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
JP2000262247A (ja) | 2000-09-26 |
CN1267519A (zh) | 2000-09-27 |
EP1038530A2 (en) | 2000-09-27 |
US20010051609A1 (en) | 2001-12-13 |
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