CN1288509A - 油罐运输泄压阀组件 - Google Patents

油罐运输泄压阀组件 Download PDF

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CN1288509A
CN1288509A CN99802305A CN99802305A CN1288509A CN 1288509 A CN1288509 A CN 1288509A CN 99802305 A CN99802305 A CN 99802305A CN 99802305 A CN99802305 A CN 99802305A CN 1288509 A CN1288509 A CN 1288509A
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valve
outfall
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valve assembly
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CN1098985C (zh
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詹姆斯·W·威廉斯三世
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Kelso Technologies Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F16K17/0493—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with a spring other than a helicoidal spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/06—Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/06—Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems
    • F16K15/063—Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems the valve being loaded by a spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F16K17/044—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with more than one spring
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7904—Reciprocating valves
    • Y10T137/7905—Plural biasing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7904—Reciprocating valves
    • Y10T137/7922—Spring biased
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7904—Reciprocating valves
    • Y10T137/7922—Spring biased
    • Y10T137/7923—With means to protect spring from fluid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Check Valves (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种泄压阀组件(10)用于通过一个排泄口(V)释放铁路油罐车、油罐卡车和类似容器中的液体。一个阀盘(16)在常态下被一组由卷绕在卷筒(32)上的层叠钢带(30a)构成的恒力弹簧(30)推压在关闭位置,所述卷筒被支撑在环绕着一个阀座(14)对称布置的直立角托架(36)上。阀的开启压力取决于预选的弹簧(30)的数量、每个弹簧(30)中的层叠带(30a)的数量以及每个带(30a)的回复力。

Description

油罐运输泄压阀组件
本发明的技术领域
本发明总体上涉及泄压阀，特别是涉及一种用于将容纳在铁路油罐车、油罐卡车和类似容器中的膨胀液体排泄出来的泄压阀。
本发明的技术背景
某些在铁路油罐车或油罐卡车中运输的液体和气体是非常危险的，并且在温度升高时会在油罐中膨胀而导致内压升高到危险级别。因此，政府管理部门要求这种车辆的操作者安装安全泄压阀，这种阀将在超过预定压力值时自动打开并以特定的排泄速率排泄。
目前采用的泄压阀通常是被一个螺旋弹簧或一个恒力弹簧推压在关闭位置。螺旋弹簧阀通常需要油罐中的压力在初始开启压力之上持续上升以获得最大排泄能力。另一方面，恒力弹簧阀的优点是在初始压力时即可打开到最大排泄能力，而不需要继续升高压力。虽然具有这个优点，但恒力弹簧阀的尺寸、复杂性和成本等减弱了它们在业界的总体形象。空间限制和设计约束也将弹簧数量限定在少量几个，从而使得阀非常难以获得精确的初始开启压力或保持阀芯对准阀座以牢固关闭。
本发明概述
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种高容量的恒力弹簧泄压阀，其可以用于油罐车、油罐卡车和类似容器中，并能够在超过精确设定压力时以高通过率释放液体。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种恒力弹簧泄压阀，它的结构和操作可靠、紧凑和简便。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种恒力弹簧泄压阀，它的阀芯保持恒定对准阀座，从而在低于预定压力时保持恒定关闭。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种恒力弹簧泄压阀，其能够被精确设置，以便在高于预定初始压力时将液体从容器中排出。
本发明的这些以及其它目的和优点可以通过这样一种泄压阀组件而实现，该泄压阀组件包含一个阀体，其带有一个环绕着孔的阀座，该孔用于与液体储存光排泄口连通。一个阀盘在常态下被一组由层叠钢带构成的恒力弹簧推压在关闭位置，钢带卷绕在卷筒上并被支撑在环绕着阀座对称布置的直立角托架之间。当罐中的液体超过一个预定压力时阀盘将抵抗着弹簧力而移动到一个完全打开位置。托架固定在阀体上并邻近于阀盘，以将阀盘保持同轴对准阀座。弹簧和每个弹簧中层叠带的数量以及每个弹簧的回复力可以选择，以满足所需的开启压力。导流器在托架之间并在弹簧下方紧固在阀体上，以确保阀组件不暴露给排出的液体。
附图简述
通过下面结合附图所作的说明，可以使本发明的上述以及其它目的、创新特征和优点更加清楚，附图包括：
图1是根据本发明的泄压阀的俯视图，其中阀的一个保护帽被局部剖开；
图2是泄压阀沿图1中的线2-2所示竖直平面所作剖面图，其中包含一个装于阀中的恒力弹簧的放大了的边缘侧视图；
图3泄压阀沿图1中的线3-3所示竖直平面所作剖面图；以及
图4泄压阀沿图2中的线4-4所示水平面所作剖面图。
优选实施例说明
现在请参考附图，在各图中相同的参考代号和字母表示同样或相应的部件。图中显示了一个处于常闭位置的泄压阀组件10，其适合安装在液体储存罐T(以虚线显示于图2中)中。
阀组件10包含一个阀体12，其带有一个环绕着圆孔12a的阀座14，该圆孔通过一个排泄口V(图2)而与油罐内部连通，阀体还带有一个与孔12a同轴对准并可以相对于孔移动的圆盘16。阀座14确定出一个环绕着孔12a上沿的环形唇缘，其密封咬合着一个由橡胶或类似材料制成并粘接在盘16的一个平表面上的弹性垫18。一个阀杆20从盘16开始同轴向上伸展，以螺纹啮合一个螺母22，该螺母固定在一个正方形板24和与之相连的加强件26的中央。板24安置在一个垂直于阀杆20长度方向的平面上并带有从其四个棱边大致向上伸展的翻边24a。
每个翻边24a分别通过紧固件28连接着一对由层叠钢带30a(件图2中的放大图)制成的恒力弹簧30的远端。钢带卷绕在卷筒32上，每个卷筒可以分别绕着一个公共心轴34旋转，以提供一个恒定的回复力，而不受板24相对于心轴34位移的影响。
于相邻各对弹簧30之间固定在阀体12上的各个直立直角托架36带有相互面对的侧面，以支撑各心轴34的端部。如图4所示，每个托架36分别确定出一个与阀盘16的周边16a相邻的内侧角部36a，以保持阀盘16与阀座14同轴对齐。
在每对弹簧30下面分别装有一个导流隔板38，其具有安装在相应托架36的相邻面对侧面上并固定在阀座件12上的平行侧面38a。一个上部件38b跨过隔板38的侧面件38a的顶部并向内伸展，以将排泄液体从阀组件10完全导向外侧。
一个保护帽40完全罩盖着阀组件10的弹簧机构。紧固螺钉42环绕着保护帽40的周边向内带螺纹伸展并将圆柱形接头44径向压紧顶靠在每个角托架36上的面对正交侧面上。
阀组件10打开所需的压力取决于四个弹簧30的组合回复力，而回复力则通过钢带30a的总体数量以及它们各自的回复力建立起来。作为示例但不对上述实施例构成限制，假定：
所需开启压力P为75磅/英寸2；
阀孔直径d为37/8(3.875)英寸；(面积=11.80英寸2)
总开启力F=884磅。
每个钢带的恒定回复力f为28.5磅。则所需钢带数量N为：
F/f=884/28.5=31个钢带
这31个钢带可以大致均匀地分布在八个弹簧30中，其中七个弹簧每个分别包含四个层叠钢带，而剩下的一个弹簧30中包含三个层叠钢带。
下面将解释本发明的众多优点和创新之处中的一些。例如，提供了一种高容量的恒力弹簧泄压阀，其可以用于油罐车、油罐卡车和类似容器中，并能够以高通过率和精确设定压力释放液体。阀的结构和操作相对简单，并且粘接的空间相对较小。本发明中所用的阀盘保持与阀座恒定对齐，，从而确保在设定压力以下牢固关闭。
虽然在前面的实施例中采用了四对恒力弹簧的对称结构，每对弹簧分别在一个正方形阀致动板的四个侧面中的相应一个上平行操作，然而在不脱离所公开的基本发明思想的前提下，也可以考虑其它构造。例如，弹簧的数量和层数以及它们相对于阀座的对称性均可以改变，只要能将它们的回复力均匀分布在阀盘上即可。阀还可以装于需要避免液压过大的多种类型容器中。
当然，还可以理解，在不超出附属权利要求中所确定的本发明的精神和范围的前提下，本技术领域的专业人员可以对这里描述和图示并用于解释本发明实质的各个部件在细节、材料、加工步骤和布置等方面作出各种其它改变。

Claims (8)

1．一种阀组件(10)，其用于在一个预定压力之上将储存罐(T)中的液体通过一个排泄口(V)释放出来，该阀组件包含：
一个阀座(14)，其用于安装在罐(T)上，以便和排泄口(V)连通；
一个阀盘(16)，其可以相对于上述阀座(14)往复运动，以打开和关闭排泄口(V)；
一组角托架(36)，它们直立并环绕着上述阀座(14)对称固定，而且邻近于上述阀盘(16)，相邻的上述托架(36)带有相互面对的侧面；
一个板(24)，其连接着上述阀盘(16)，并可以与上述阀盘(16)一起沿上述托架(36)的长度方向移动；以及
至少一个恒力弹簧装置(30)，其具有一个近端，其以可旋转的方式安装在每对面对侧面之间并位于一个垂直于侧面的轴线上，以及一个远端，其连接着上述板(24)，以将上述阀盘(16)推向一个关闭位置。
2．根据权利要求1所述的阀组件(10)，其特征在于，上述弹簧装置(30)包含层叠的弹簧金属带(30a)，它们卷绕在一个卷筒(32)上。
3．根据权利要求2所述的阀组件(10)，其特征在于，上述弹簧装置(30)包含至少两个上述卷筒(32)，它们分别独立地在一个支撑在相邻上述角托架(36)的上述侧面之间的公共心轴(34)上旋转。
4．根据权利要求3所述的阀组件(10)，其特征在于，上述带(30a)具有一致的回复力并基本上平均分布于上述弹簧装置(30)中的相应一个中。
5．根据权利要求4所述的阀组件(10)，其特征在于，弹簧装置(30)的数量、每个弹簧(30)中的带(30a)的数量以及每个带(30a)的回复力决定了上述阀盘(16)打开排泄口(V)所需的压力。
6．根据权利要1所述的阀组件(10)，其特征在于，上述板(24)具有构成一个对称多边形的棱边；而且上述弹簧装置(30)的上述远端分别连接在一个相应的上述棱边上。
7．根据权利要求4所述的阀组件(10)，其特征在于，上述多边形是一个正方形。
8．一种阀组件(10)，其用于将一个罐(T)中的压力通过一个排泄口(V)释放到外侧，该阀组件包含：
一个阀座板(24)，其用于横跨上述排泄口(V)安装在上述罐(T)的外侧，上述阀座板(24)带有一个阀座(14)，其环绕着一个与上述排泄口(V)液体连通的孔(12a)；
一个阀盘(16)，其具有一个横跨上述阀座(14)布置的表面，该表面在阀关闭位置可以阻止液体流过上述排泄口(V)；
一个构架，其在安装着上述阀盘(16)的上述阀座板(24)外侧向上伸出，以引导阀盘向着和背离上述阀座(14)进行线性运动；以及
一组恒力弹簧(30)，它们以可操作的方式连接在上述构架与上述阀盘(16)之间，以将上述盘(16)推向一个顶靠着上述阀座(14)的常闭位置；
因此，阀及其阀操作机构安置在罐(T)的外侧并因此而防止在阀打开之前与罐(T)中的容纳物接触。
CN99802305A 1998-01-29 1999-01-28 油罐运输泄压阀组件 Expired - Fee Related CN1098985C (zh)

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US09/015,006 1998-01-29
US09/015,006 US5855225A (en) 1998-01-29 1998-01-29 Tank transport pressure relief valve assembly

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CN1288509A true CN1288509A (zh) 2001-03-21
CN1098985C CN1098985C (zh) 2003-01-15

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EP (1) EP1058798B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2002502011A (zh)
KR (1) KR100604444B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1098985C (zh)
AT (1) ATE237767T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU737021B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR9910383A (zh)
CA (1) CA2317742C (zh)
DE (1) DE69906952T2 (zh)
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CA2317742A1 (en) 1999-08-05
EP1058798B1 (en) 2003-04-16
CN1098985C (zh) 2003-01-15
US5855225A (en) 1999-01-05
KR20010040442A (ko) 2001-05-15
MXPA00007066A (es) 2003-10-14
DE69906952D1 (de) 2003-05-22
RU2215222C2 (ru) 2003-10-27
CA2317742C (en) 2003-06-24
AU737021B2 (en) 2001-08-09
DE69906952T2 (de) 2004-02-12
HK1035767A1 (en) 2001-12-07
ES2197608T3 (es) 2004-01-01
KR100604444B1 (ko) 2006-07-25
BR9910383A (pt) 2001-01-16
WO1999039121A1 (en) 1999-08-05
EP1058798A1 (en) 2000-12-13
ATE237767T1 (de) 2003-05-15
AU2295899A (en) 1999-08-16
JP2002502011A (ja) 2002-01-22

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