CN1287097C - 带扩张检验的螺纹销 - Google Patents

带扩张检验的螺纹销 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1287097C
CN1287097C CNB021514186A CN02151418A CN1287097C CN 1287097 C CN1287097 C CN 1287097C CN B021514186 A CNB021514186 A CN B021514186A CN 02151418 A CN02151418 A CN 02151418A CN 1287097 C CN1287097 C CN 1287097C
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China
Prior art keywords
bolt
threaded
face
expansion
installation direction
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN1423064A (zh
Inventor
富克斯·赫尔穆特
多派尔鲍尔·托马斯
考夫曼·赫伯特
弗尔斯特·胡贝特
安许茨·弗兰克
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Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/08—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation
    • F16B13/0858—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation with an expansible sleeve or dowel body driven against a tapered or spherical expander plug
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
    • F16B13/065—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting the screw, nail or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
    • F16B31/02—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/95—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass with markings, colours, indicators or the like

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种带有一螺栓(1)的螺纹销，在一端具有一外螺纹(2)，在另一端上具有一沿安装方向扩展的扩张头(3)和一可通过扩张头(3)胀开的扩张套(4)。所述螺栓(1)在其背向安装方向一侧的端面(15)上具有至少一个深度为(t1)的外围凹槽(16)，以提供一种可经济地制造的安装检验。

Description

带扩张检验的螺纹销
技术领域
本发明涉及一种带有一螺栓的螺纹销，在一端具有一外螺纹，在另一端具有一沿装入方向扩展的扩张头和一可通过扩张头胀开的扩张套。
背景技术
上述这种类型的螺纹销用来将物体固定在一基体上。在基体上加工一个安装孔，其直径大致相当于螺栓的外径，或者相对于它具有更小一些的尺寸。螺纹销例如通过用锤一次或多次敲击装入安装孔内。由于螺栓，特别是锥体，相对于摩擦锁合地固定在安装孔内壁上的扩张套的相对运动，而使扩张套径向胀开，从而使螺纹销固定在基体，特别是安装孔内。
由DE29602513-U1已知一种带一在一端具有一外螺纹、在另一端具有一沿装入方向扩展的锥体的螺栓和一扩张套的螺纹销。
特别是对于用磨损了的钻头加工安装孔的情况，螺纹销只能在很大的力的作用下，例如锤击，装入安装孔内。这造成这样的缺点，即安装孔和/或螺纹销受到损坏，由此不再能保证所要求的承载能力，或者不能确保要求的安装深度和承载量。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，这样地形成可经济地制造的螺纹销，使得依据其在安装状态时的外观情况得出对于固定质量的判断。
为此，本发明提供一种带有一螺栓的螺纹销，在一端具有一外螺纹，在另一端具有一沿安装方向扩展的扩张头和一可通过扩张头胀开的扩张套，其特征为：所述螺栓在背向安装方向的端面上具有至少一个有一深度的外围凹槽。
通过在螺栓的背向安装方向的端面上设置至少一个凹槽，在安装螺纹销时出现端面的塑性变形。根据作用在螺栓的背向安装方向的端面上的冲击，特别是锤击的强度和次数的不同，凹槽本身和与凹槽相邻的端面区域发生改变。在安装状态下的变形，依据其外观情况可以判断固定的质量，从而起安装检验的作用。由于在螺栓的背向安装方向的端面上的外围区域内设置凹槽，在任何情况下都会出现在将螺纹销装入安装孔时由于外力作用所造成的变形。另外，由于凹槽设置在外围，还可以推断出冲击的方向。在理想情况下，冲击沿螺栓的纵向进行，这造成凹槽均匀的变形。但是如果冲击相对于螺栓的纵向存在一个倾角，那么它对凹槽的变形也会产生影响。凹槽的另一个优点是：收容螺栓背向安装方向的端面上的由冲击造成的受挤压的材料。由此防止在端面区域内螺栓外圆周的过度变形，并保证载荷作用件，例如螺母，毫无问题地装在螺栓的背向安装方向的末端上。
有利地，凹槽向螺栓外圆周方向张开，以便确保螺栓端面的变形。其次螺栓朝外圆周张开的凹槽防止了螺栓的外圆周由于在装入时材料受挤压而造成过度膨胀。此外，凹槽的另一种结构在外圆周区域内还具有一壁厚很小的筋，以确保外圆周是封闭的。
凹槽在径向投影内最好具有一大致成三角形的横截面，以保证螺纹销制造的经济性。
凹槽在螺栓背向安装方向的端面上最好形成一矩形开口，以保证螺纹销经济地制造。在另一种实施形式中，凹槽在螺栓背向安装方向的端面上形成一梯形开口。
为了保证在装螺纹销时作用在端面上的每次冲击产生一最佳的变形，最好存在两个相应的相互径向相对的凹槽。
凹槽最好离螺栓中心线有一个最小距离，它相当于螺栓直径的0.15至0.35倍，以确保螺栓最佳地承载。
凹槽的深度最好相当于螺栓直径的0.03至0.08倍，以保证经济地制造凹槽。此外由此确保：一方面不损害螺纹销的承载能力，另一方面可以例如通过使用者或采用的安装检验机毫无问题地确定凹槽。
凹槽沿螺栓圆周方向延伸的最大宽度最好相当于螺栓直径的0.05至0.2倍，以便在装入安装孔时最佳地确定凹槽变形的尺寸。
最好设置四个均匀地分布在螺栓圆周上的凹槽，以确保可以看得很清楚的变形，而不受敲入过程中作用在背向安装方向的端面上的冲击的方向之影响。
附图说明
下面借助于实施例对本发明作较详细的说明。附图表示：
图1一按本发明的螺纹销的侧视图；
图2在图1中所示的螺纹销的背向安装方向的端面沿图1中方向II的放大视图。
具体实施方式
在图1和2中表示一按本发明的带一螺栓1的螺纹销，在一端有一外螺纹2在另一端有一沿安装方向S扩展的扩张头3，螺纹销还具有一可通过扩张头3胀开的扩张套4，此外其中螺纹销还有一个螺母13，它可以拧在外螺纹2上。通常在螺母13上沿安装方向S连接一调整垫片14。
扩张头3具有一基本上成圆柱形的段3a，它上面连接一个在背向安装方向一侧的、沿安装方向S扩展的锥形段3b。
扩张套4具有四个沿其圆周5均匀分布的纵向切口6，它们向安装方向S张开并将扩张套4的在安装方向一侧的末端区域分成四条扩张瓣7。纵向切口6的背向安装方向的末端区域分别具有一圆形通孔7a。扩张瓣7分别部分地延伸到锥形段3b的径向投影内。此外每条扩张瓣7具有一设置在外轮廓8上、大致在纵向切口6中间的冲压部9。
为了支承扩张套4，螺栓1在有关区域内具有一锥形收缩10，其中其深度大致相当于扩张套4的壁厚。背向安装方向的圆环形壁11对于扩张套4构成一止挡。
螺栓1在背向安装方向的端面15上具有四个沿其圆周均匀分布的、深度为t1的外围凹槽16，深度t1相当于螺栓直径d的0.025倍。在径向投影内做成三角形的凹槽16在朝向螺栓1倒角的外圆周12或者说外螺纹2的方向做成开口的，并在螺栓的背向安装方向的端面15上形成一基本上矩形的开口18。每两个相应的凹槽16相互径向相对设置。凹槽离螺栓1的中心线17有一距离a，它相当于螺栓直径d的0.3倍。另外，凹槽16沿螺栓1圆周方向延伸的最大宽度e相当于螺栓1直径d的0.025倍。

Claims (9)

1.带有一螺栓(1)的螺纹销，在一端具有一外螺纹(2)，在另一端具有一沿安装方向扩展的扩张头(3)和一可通过扩张头(3)胀开的扩张套(4)，其特征为：所述螺栓(1)在背向安装方向的端面(15)上具有至少一个有一深度(t1)的外围凹槽(16)。
2.按权利要求1的螺纹销，其特征为：所述凹槽(16)朝螺栓(1)的外圆周方向张开。
3.按权利要求1或2的螺纹销，其特征为：所述凹槽(16)在径向投影内具有呈三角形的横截面。
4.按权利要求1或2的螺纹销，其特征为：所述凹槽(16)在螺栓(1)背向安装方向的端面(15)上形成一矩形开口(18)。
5.按权利要求1或2的螺纹销，其特征为：两个相应的凹槽(16，18)相互径向相对设置。
6.按权利要求1或2的螺纹销，其特征为：所述凹槽(16)离螺栓(1)的中心线(17)至少具有一距离(a)，该距离相当于螺栓(1)直径(d)的0.15至0.35倍。
7.按权利要求1或2的螺纹销，其特征为：所述凹槽(16)的深度(t1)为螺栓(1)直径(d)的0.03至0.08倍。
8.按权利要求1或2的螺纹销、其特征为：所述凹槽(16)沿螺栓(1)圆周方向延伸的最大宽度(e)相当于螺栓(1)直径(d)的0.05至0.2倍。
9.按权利要求1或2的螺纹销，其特征为：设有四个均匀分布在螺栓(1)端面(15)的圆周上的凹槽(16，18)。
CNB021514186A 2001-11-23 2002-11-19 带扩张检验的螺纹销 Expired - Fee Related CN1287097C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10157586.6 2001-11-23
DE10157586A DE10157586A1 (de) 2001-11-23 2001-11-23 Bolzendübel mit Spreizkontrolle
CA002411334A CA2411334C (en) 2001-11-23 2002-11-06 Dowel bolt with expansion control

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CN1423064A CN1423064A (zh) 2003-06-11
CN1287097C true CN1287097C (zh) 2006-11-29

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US (1) US6827535B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1314897B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4065394B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1287097C (zh)
AT (1) ATE298844T1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2411334C (zh)
DE (2) DE10157586A1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2243682T3 (zh)

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US20030123948A1 (en) 2003-07-03
EP1314897A2 (de) 2003-05-28
DE10157586A1 (de) 2003-06-05
EP1314897A3 (de) 2003-12-10
JP2003184838A (ja) 2003-07-03
CA2411334C (en) 2008-07-22
DE50203490D1 (de) 2005-08-04
ATE298844T1 (de) 2005-07-15
EP1314897B1 (de) 2005-06-29
CA2411334A1 (en) 2004-05-06
US6827535B2 (en) 2004-12-07
CN1423064A (zh) 2003-06-11
JP4065394B2 (ja) 2008-03-26
ES2243682T3 (es) 2005-12-01

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