CN1273035C - River crab used immunopotentiator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
River crab used immunopotentiator and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1273035C CN1273035C CNB2004100844105A CN200410084410A CN1273035C CN 1273035 C CN1273035 C CN 1273035C CN B2004100844105 A CNB2004100844105 A CN B2004100844105A CN 200410084410 A CN200410084410 A CN 200410084410A CN 1273035 C CN1273035 C CN 1273035C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a river crab immunopotentiator and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of feed additives in aquaculture and a preparation method thereof. The immunopotentiator is composed of vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, bread yeast cell walls containing 30% of beta-glucan, mannose, algin, radix glycyrrhiza, phospholipid and rice bran, wherein the vitamin C is Vc polyphosphate, and the vitamin E is VE acetate. The preparation method of the immunopotentiator comprises: the radix glycyrrhiza, the bread yeast cell walls containing the beta-glucan, the mannose, the vitamin C and the rice bran are used as raw materials, and the solid raw materials are pulverized, sieved and mixed to prepare mixed phospholipid liquid which is sprayed and dried to obtain the finished product of the river crab immunopotentiator. The immunopotentiator has the advantages that the non-specificity immunity of the river crabs fed with feed having the immunopotentiator is obviously enhanced, the phagocytic activity of hemocytes is increased by 10 to 20%, pro enzyme activity is enhanced by 10 to 25%, SOD enzyme activity is enhanced by 20 to 35%, ACP enzyme activity is enhanced by 14 to 20%, and survival rate is increased by 11.6 to 20%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of river crab used immunopotentiator and preparation method thereof, belong to the technical field of feed additive of aquaculture industry and preparation thereof.
Background technology
China's river crab output reached 36.8 ten thousand tons in 2003,17,000,000,000 yuan of the output values.But along with improving constantly of river crab intensification degree, culture the continuous expansion of scale, be tending towards breeding environment day worsening, disease has become the bottleneck of river crab healthy aquaculture, and presents following characteristics: (1) diseased region is more and more wider, and the frequency of morbidity is more and more higher; (2) disease species is many, cause of disease complexity, and difficulty of prevention and cure is increasing; (3) disease time shifts to an earlier date, and morbidity season prolongs; (4) medication lacks standard, thereby causes contaminated environment and aquatic products security performance to descend.Only the culture of Chinese mitten crab with Jiangsu Province's aquaculture pillar industry is an example, and annual many reasons such as river crab quality deterioration cause breaking out of river crab disease because of breeding environment worsens, and only " trambling disease " economic loss is just more than 1,000,000,000 yuan.Yet it is unpractical between the breed period of disease whole water body being carried out pasteurised completely; At crab kind breeding phase, reduce the generation of disease by the stocking rate that reduces unit of water body, can increase aquaculture cost again, increase the ratio of crab kind sex premature, significantly reduce economic benefit; To the control of cultivating river crab disease, as utilize antibiotic to treat, have effect in a short time, but negative effect is also apparent: (1) very easily causes antibiotic residue in the river crab body, and by the food chain transmission, even directly threaten mankind itself's health; (2) bacterial strain that easily develops immunity to drugs causes sterilization reagent such as chlorine, the formalin etc. of low dosage that cause of disease is not worked; (3) influence the quality of river crab, have a strong impact on river crab outlet and sold inside the country.In fact, river crab is morbidity in a single day, and it is impossible fully treating all river crabs, adds that river crab does not have higher mammal specific immunity ability, the often inaccessible desirable effect of drug therapy.Therefore, start with from the angle of prevention, the development river crab used immunopotentiator, with the forage feed river crab that contains this reinforcing agent, improve the river crab non-specific immunity again, strengthen its degeneration-resistant, anti-emergent ability, culture the generation of disease to reach effective prevention, improve the culture of Chinese mitten crab survival rate, reduce aquaculture cost, may current at last aquaculture model under one of practical measures.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem that the present invention will solve is to propose a kind of river crab used immunopotentiator.This reinforcing agent is succeeded in developing like this: at the river crab of quick puberty of sexual gland (II～III phase), start with from improving river crab self non-specific immunity, utilize phenol oxidase method (PO) and acridine orange detection method (AO) that the panimmunity reinforcing agent that vitamin, oligosaccharides, bread leaven matricyte wall, algin and Radix Glycyrrhizae etc. are mixed with is screened a kind of river crab used immunopotentiator that preferably obtains.This reinforcing agent is by vitamin C, E, beta carotene, the bread leaven matricyte wall that contains 30% beta glucan, mannose, algin, Radix Glycyrrhizae, phosphatide and rice bran are formed, vitamin C is the Vc condensed phosphate, vitamin E is the VE acetate, contain in this reinforcing agent of per 100 parts of weight: 2.5～5 parts of weight of vitamin E, 1～3 part of weight of vitamin C, 0.5～4.5 part of weight of beta carotene, 5～15 parts of weight of bread leaven matricyte wall that contain 30% beta glucan, 1.5～2.5 parts of weight of mannose, 1～2 part of weight of algin, 2～5 parts of weight of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 48～81.5 parts of weight of phosphatidase 15～15 part weight and rice bran.
Second technical problem that the present invention will solve provide-preparation method of kind of river crab used immunopotentiator.The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is that bread leaven matricyte wall, mannose, vitamin C and the rice bran with Radix Glycyrrhizae, beta glucan is raw material, pulverize, sieve by solid material, solid material mixes, preparation phosphatide mixed liquor, spraying phosphatide mixed liquor and drying, obtain finished product, river crab used immunopotentiator.
Now describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail.
A kind of preparation method of river crab used immunopotentiator is characterized in that, the concrete operations step:
First step solid material is pulverized, is sieved
Respectively with raw material: Radix Glycyrrhizae, the bread leaven matricyte wall that contains 30% beta glucan, mannose, vitamin C and rice bran are pulverized, and cross 60 mesh sieves, and be standby;
The second step solid material mixes
Radix Glycyrrhizae with 2～5 parts of weight, the bread leaven matricyte wall that contains 30% beta glucan of 5～15 parts of weight, 1.5 the mannose of～2.5 parts of weight, the vitamin C of 1～3 part of weight, the rice bran of the algin of 1～2 part of weight and 48～81.5 parts of weight is put into mixing plant, be stirred to coefficient of variation CV that mixture all spends less than 5%, the solid material mixture;
The 3rd step preparation phosphatide mixed liquor
With the vitamin E of 2.5～5 parts of weight, the beta carotene of 0.5～4.5 part of weight is dissolved in 60～70 ℃ the phosphatide of 5～15 parts of weight, stirs, and gets the phosphatide mixed liquor;
The 4th step spraying phosphatide mixed liquor
With the 3rd phosphatide mixed liquor that obtain of the step spraying equipment of packing into, limit stir solids raw mix, limit spraying phosphatide mixed liquor;
The 5th step is dry, obtains finished product
To under 70～80 ℃ of temperature, carry out the exhausting drying through the solid material mixture that spraying obtains, treat the solid material combination drying after, obtain the finished product of 100 parts of weight, river crab used immunopotentiator.
Compare with background technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, feed addictive performance of the present invention is good
In existing commercial feed, add immunopotentiator of the present invention in the ratio of 1-2 ‰, obviously improve the river crab non-specific immunity, strengthen river crab haemocyte phagocytic function, effectively remove the river crab interior free yl, by activating river crab self Pro proenzyme system, significantly improve the Pro enzyme activity; And then improve river crab disease-resistant, the anti-adversity ability of environment to external world; Thereby effectively the generation of disease is cultured in prevention, improves the culture of Chinese mitten crab survival rate, reduces aquaculture cost.In existing commercial feed, add the immunopotentiator of the present invention of 1-2 ‰, throw something and feed and contain the river crab of this reinforcing agent feed group, non-specific immunity significantly improves: the haemocyte activate the phagocytic capacity improves 10～20%, the Pro enzyme activity improves 10～25%, the SOD enzyme is lived and is improved 20～35%, the ACP enzyme is lived and is improved 14～20%, and the river crab immunopotentiator is used for the river crab pilot scale, and the river crab survival rate has improved 11.6～20%.
2, preparation method of the present invention is simple, and equipment requires low, and technology is reasonable, low processing cost.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1-3 operates according to above-mentioned preparation method's operating procedure fully.
Embodiment 1
In second step, Radix Glycyrrhizae 2Kg contains the bread leaven matricyte wall 5Kg of 30% beta glucan, mannose 1.5Kg, vitamin C 1Kg, algin 1Kg and rice bran 81.5Kg; The 3rd step, vitamin E 2.5Kg, beta carotene 0.5Kg, phosphatidase 15 Kg; The 5th goes on foot, and obtains the finished product of 100Kg, river crab used immunopotentiator.
Embodiment 2
In second step, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3Kg contains the bread leaven matricyte wall 8Kg of 30% beta glucan, mannose 2Kg, vitamin C 2Kg, algin 1.5Kg and rice bran 67Kg; The 3rd step, vitamin E 3.5Kg, beta carotene 3Kg, phosphatidase 11 0Kg; The 5th goes on foot, and obtains the finished product of 100Kg, river crab used immunopotentiator.
Embodiment 3
In second step, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5Kg contains the bread leaven matricyte wall 15Kg of 30% beta glucan, mannose 2.5Kg, vitamin C 3Kg, algin 2Kg and rice bran 48Kg; The 3rd step, vitamin E 5Kg, beta carotene 4.5Kg, phosphatidase 11 5Kg; The 5th goes on foot, and obtains the finished product of 100Kg, river crab used immunopotentiator.
Embodiment 4
For investigating the effect of reinforcing agent of the present invention, prepare two kinds of experiment feeds, feed 1 and feed 2: feed 1 adopts raw materials such as fish meal, soya-bean cake, dextrin, gelatin, cellulose, vitamin and mineral substance premix formulated, each feed ingredient is all crossed 60 mesh sieves after ultramicro grinding, micro constitutent adopts to enlarge gradually mixes, after all components stirs, add the water about 30%, make feed for river crab with the double helix banded extruder, air-dry after, as for preserving in-20 ℃ of refrigerators; Feed 2 adds 2 ‰ river crab used immunopotentiator of the present invention on the basis of feed 1 prescription.See table 1 for details.Experiment uses crab available from the special aquaculture of Shanghai City Pudong Sun Qiao name development corporation, Ltd..Select complete, the individual uniform healthy river crab of appendage (average weight 38.52 ± 2.29 grams), place the plastic box of 0.98m * 0.82m * 0.55m to experimentize at random.Two feed groups are established in experiment: the first feed group and the second feed group, every feed group are established three parallel group, each parallel group of 20 crab.Carry out culture experiment, the first feed group and second feed ingredient Yong feed 1 and feed 2 feed 2 months by a definite date.After 2 months, get the river crab hemolymph and carry out the non-specific index of correlation analysis of exempting from service.The result shows: the feed effect of feed 2 obviously is better than feed 1.The non-specific immunity index of the river crab of the second feed group obviously improves, and survival rate has also improved nearly 12%.See table 2 for details.
Two kinds of experiments of table 1. feed is formed
| The constant raw material of feed (Constant ingredients) | Proportioning (Rate of raw material, Dry weight%) |
| Fish meal (Fish meal) bean powder (Soybean meal) | 35.0 25.0 |
| Dextrin (Dextrin) gelatin (Gelatin) adhesive (Binder) multidimensional premix (Vitamin mixture a)) mineral substance premix (Mineral mixture b)) Choline Chloride, (Cholinle chloride) cholesterol, (Cholesterol) glycine, (Glycine) enormous legendary fish, which could change into a roc fish fish oil, (Anchovy Fish oil) lecithin, (Lecithin) | 13.0 10.0 0.5 3.478 2.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 6.0 3.0 | |
| Variable raw materials (Variable ingredients) cellulose (CMC) river crab is used immunostimulant | Experiment feed (Experimental diet) | |
| 1 0.522 -- | 2 0.322 0.2 | |
1) contains in the every 100g feed of B B-complex: V
B10.15, V
B20.375g, V
B31.0g, V
B51.0g, V
B60.4g, V
B70.04g, V
B110.1g, V
B120.0lg, V
A0.004g, V
D30.0875g, V
E1.125g (or V
C2.495g), V
K0.05g, inositol 10.0g, cellulose 85.66g
2) contain in the every 100g feed of composite mineral matter: NaH
2PO
410.0g, KH
2PO
421.5g, Ca (H
2PO
4)
22H
2O26.5g, CaCO
310.5g, KCl 2.8g, MgSO
47H
2O 10.0g, AlCl
36H
2O 1.2g, ZnSO
47H
2O0.511g, MnSO
44～6H
2O 0.143g, KI 0.05g, CuCl
20.051g, CoCl
26H
2O 0.176g, Ca-lactate 16.508g, FeC
6H
5O
75H
2O 0.061g.
Do not add and add crab in table 2 feed with the influence of immunopotentiator to river crab immunity
| Feed | Haemocyte total amount (* 10 7/ml) | Activate the phagocytic capacity | Phenoloxidase activity (U/min/pro) | Hemolymph ACP | The SOD activity | Survival rate % | |
| Percentage phagocytosis | Phagocytic index | ||||||
| 1 | 4.31±0.4 b | 14.2±0.4 b | 10.3±1.6 b | 32.4±5.2 b | 7.23±2.23 | 60.12±7.37 b | 71.7±0.07 b |
| 2 | 5.36±0.5 a | 16.9±1.1 a | 12.2±2.2 a | 41.2 the scholar 5.9 a | 8.05±2.02 | 79.25±5.84 a | 80.04±0.05 a |
The upper right corner of each data has identical English alphabet or simultaneously without any English alphabet in the same row of a-b.Expression difference is remarkable (P＞0.05) not.
Claims (5)
1. river crab used immunopotentiator, it is characterized in that this reinforcing agent is by vitamin C, E, beta carotene, the bread leaven matricyte wall that contains 30% beta glucan, mannose, algin, Radix Glycyrrhizae, phosphatide and rice bran are formed, vitamin C is the Vc condensed phosphate, and vitamin E is V
EAcetate, contain in this reinforcing agent of per 100 parts of weight: 2.5～5 parts of weight of vitamin E, 1～3 part of weight of vitamin C, 0.5～4.5 part of weight of beta carotene contains 5～15 parts of weight of bread leaven matricyte wall of 30% beta glucan, 1.5～2.5 parts of weight of mannose, 1～2 part of weight of algin, 2～5 parts of weight of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 48～81.5 parts of weight of phosphatidase 15～15 part weight and rice bran.
2. the preparation method of the described river crab used immunopotentiator of claim 1 is characterized in that, the concrete operations step:
First step solid material is pulverized, is sieved
Respectively with solid material: Radix Glycyrrhizae, the bread leaven matricyte wall that contains 30% beta glucan, mannose, vitamin C and rice bran are pulverized, and cross 60 mesh sieves, and be standby;
The second step solid material mixes
Radix Glycyrrhizae with 2～5 parts of weight, the bread leaven matricyte wall that contains 30% beta glucan of 5～15 parts of weight, 1.5 the mannose of～2.5 parts of weight, the vitamin C of 1～3 part of weight, the rice bran of the algin of 1～2 part of weight and 48～81.5 parts of weight is put into mixing plant, be stirred to coefficient of variation CV that mixture all spends less than 5%, the solid material mixture;
The 3rd step preparation phosphatide mixed liquor
With the vitamin E of 2.5～5 parts of weight, the beta carotene of 0.5～4.5 part of weight is dissolved in 60～70 ℃ the phosphatide of 5～15 parts of weight, stirs, and gets the phosphatide mixed liquor;
The 4th step spraying phosphatide mixed liquor
With the 3rd phosphatide mixed liquor that obtain of the step spraying equipment of packing into, limit stir solids raw mix, limit spraying phosphatide mixed liquor;
The 5th step is dry, obtains finished product
To under 70～80 ℃ of temperature, carry out the exhausting drying through the solid material mixture that the 4th step handled, treat solid material mixture drying after, obtain the finished product of 100 parts of weight, river crab used immunopotentiator.
River crab used immunopotentiator according to claim 2 the preparation method, it is characterized in that, second the step, Radix Glycyrrhizae 2Kg contains the bread leaven matricyte wall 5Kg of 30% beta glucan, mannose 1.5Kg, vitamin C 1Kg, algin 1Kg and rice bran 81.5Kg; The 3rd step, vitamin E 2.5Kg, beta carotene 0.5Kg, phosphatidase 15 Kg; The 5th goes on foot, and obtains the finished product of 100Kg, river crab used immunopotentiator.
River crab used immunopotentiator according to claim 2 the preparation method, it is characterized in that in second step, Radix Glycyrrhizae 3Kg contains the bread leaven matricyte wall 8Kg of 30% beta glucan, mannose 2Kg, vitamin C 2Kg, algin 1.5Kg and rice bran 67Kg; The 3rd step, vitamin E 3.5Kg, beta carotene 3Kg, phosphatidase 11 0Kg; The 5th goes on foot, and obtains the finished product of 100Kg, river crab used immunopotentiator.
River crab used immunopotentiator according to claim 2 the preparation method, it is characterized in that in second step, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5Kg contains the bread leaven matricyte wall 15Kg of 30% beta glucan, mannose 2.5Kg, vitamin C 3Kg, algin 2Kg and rice bran 48Kg; The 3rd step, vitamin E 5Kg, beta carotene 4.5Kg, phosphatidase 11 5Kg; The 5th goes on foot, and obtains the finished product of 100Kg, river crab used immunopotentiator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100844105A CN1273035C (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2004-11-22 | River crab used immunopotentiator and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100844105A CN1273035C (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2004-11-22 | River crab used immunopotentiator and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1631206A CN1631206A (en) | 2005-06-29 |
| CN1273035C true CN1273035C (en) | 2006-09-06 |
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| CNB2004100844105A Expired - Fee Related CN1273035C (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2004-11-22 | River crab used immunopotentiator and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101912058A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-12-15 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Special feed for living through winter for tilapia |
| CN102090514B (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2012-11-21 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Compound immunopotentiator for flounders and preparation method thereof |
| CN103039728B (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-11-26 | 浙江澳华饲料有限公司 | Efficient immune anti-stress crab complete feed |
| CN103504144A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2014-01-15 | 陈秀苓 | Larva crab feed |
| CN105146061A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-12-16 | 华东师范大学 | Chinese mitten crab fattening feed and application thereof |
| CN105028904A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-11 | 华东师范大学 | Mature river crab feed and application thereof |
| CN105410463A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-23 | 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 | Feed for enhancing river crab immunity |
| CN105851690A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-17 | 全椒县天润生态养殖专业合作社 | Special immunity improving feed for crabs |
| CN106616059A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 | Immunoenhancer capable of reducing generation of triops in river crabs, and use method of immunoenhancer |
| CN113545426A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-26 | 天津市动物疫病预防控制中心 | Non-specific immune preparation for breeding eriocheir sinensis and using method thereof |
| CN114732093A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-12 | 江苏海洋大学 | Compound immunopotentiator for freshwater crustacean and application method thereof |
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- 2004-11-22 CN CNB2004100844105A patent/CN1273035C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1631206A (en) | 2005-06-29 |
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