CN1272477C - One step filature method for fresh cocoons of silkworms - Google Patents
One step filature method for fresh cocoons of silkworms Download PDFInfo
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- CN1272477C CN1272477C CN 03118854 CN03118854A CN1272477C CN 1272477 C CN1272477 C CN 1272477C CN 03118854 CN03118854 CN 03118854 CN 03118854 A CN03118854 A CN 03118854A CN 1272477 C CN1272477 C CN 1272477C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a one step silk reeling method for fresh cocoons of silkworms. The present invention comprises the following steps: firstly, putting fresh cocoons into baskets for cold storage; secondly, carrying out refrigeration to keep freshness; thirdly, carrying out cocoon quality investigation and technological design; fourthly, mixing, peeling, sieving and selecting the cocoons which are cold-stored for keeping freshness; fifthly, carrying out vacuum drainage and penetration. Under the condition of certain temperature, maintaining pH value, and carrying out vacuum pumping, water absorption and drainage; sixthly, silk reeling. Under certain temperature, using an automatic silk reeling machine to carry out silk groping, silk finishing, silk reeling and silk heating; finally, carrying out winding and forming. The present invention has the advantages of simple and convenient method, low cost and good silk quality, and raw silk is improved by a grade.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to silk textile industry throwing technical field, more specifically relate to a kind of method of one step of fresh silkworm cocoon filature.
Background technology
Though there be more than 60 country that silk production is arranged now in the world, produce silk 7～80,000 ton in recent years per year, various countries' technology for making tobacco threds is continued to use always and is burnt coal and heat the traditional handicraft that bright cocoon oven dry is stored, dried cocoon is boiled filature.Reel silk from cocoons and back two megastages of reel silk from cocoons before the process of dried cocoon filature comprises: preceding reel silk from cocoons is according to dried cocoon sample investigation coupon results and technological design are carried out, relate to mixed cocoon, stripping cocoon, select silkworm, infiltration, cocoon cooking, the steps such as making little silk sheet of getting on the bus, that back reel silk from cocoons comprises is permeable to little silk sheet desiccated balance, vacuum dewing, rereeling oven dry and return into big silk sheet, and the finished silk warehouse-in dispatches from the factory after operations such as water balance, the check of bar part, lacing, title silk, hank knotting, color matching, bag silk again.
The reform of technology for making tobacco threds up to now is not change under the prerequisite of above-mentioned technology to carry out various local improvings basically.Even the silk first big country China, second big country India and the Japan, Brazil, the Uzbekistan, Vietnam, main silk production state such as Thailand does not all break through above-mentioned technology framework, for example in recent years research and development " dried cocoon touches steaming ", " boil the reel silk from cocoons unification ", " boil the dry unification of reel silk from cocoons ", new technologies such as " wound packages filatures ", though improving the deadlocked indissoluble proterties of dried cocoon silk gum, save the energy, aspects such as minimizing operation are progressive to some extent, but still to burn the coal heating, dried cocoon is boiled filature and is the basis, thereby exist the heat supply of coal fired boiler steam pipe system all the time, cross-ventilation conductive drying silk sheet method causes the thermal efficiency very low, the coal smoke cinder is seriously polluted, silk and silk sheet heat repeatedly, repeatedly the absorbent drying method causes the silk gum sex change, and technological process length causes the original rough defect form of strand to enlarge and produces the problem that new fault reduces raw silk quality.
The coal heating process is for opening wide the diffuse type silk sheet dried forms that is heated indirectly, and heating target is a sheet, consequently between poor, the silk sheet of silk sheet dry mass and the silk sheet, outside the same silk sheet, in, degree of drying difference is big between the internal layer; And most of heat is used for non-heating target such as pipe network, compartment vehicle frame and factory building, causes " thermal pollution ", forces workman's operation under hot conditions, and answer a heat drying object mulberry silk drying per ton calorific requirement 11,340,000KJ, the thermal efficiency only 3～5%, loss 95% above thermal source.
China produces more than 50,000 ton in mulberry silk in recent years per year, and one ton of silk of every product consumes 20 tons in raw coal under above-mentioned traditional handicraft condition, discharging CO
2And SO
2Totally 36～45 tons, pile up cinder more than 1 ton, consume 3.2 tons of dried cocoons, amount to 7.3 tons of bright cocoons, raw silk grade 3A
+, worker labour productivity is produced about 100 kilograms in raw silk per capita per year.
New through looking into, do not find that as yet the technical method identical with content of the present invention is disclosed and uses both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is under above-mentioned background, and on the freezing fresh-keeping basis of guaranteeing the quality of bright cocoon, changing burning coal heating process is electrical heating process, and cancellation cocoon cooking operation is simplified back reel silk from cocoons flow process, realizes the method for a step filature.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of one step of fresh silkworm cocoon filature, method is easy, and is cheap, and raw silk quality is good, has solved reeling mill and has burnt the coal problem of environment pollution caused.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention will use following technical measures, the steps include:
1, electrical heating.
Electrical heating process is by strand drier (Chinese patent: ZL03241031.X and ZL03241030.1), adopt far-infrared drying technology, under the electromagnetic field effect of the above high frequency of 10 gigahertzs, the strand absorption of electromagnetic energy is converted into heat with transpiring moisture in inside.Moisture quality itself and the required energy (heat) of transpiring moisture all are to shift to the outside from strand inside, its speed is swift and violent, can finish heating process in 1 second, the thermal efficiency 55%, thermal loss and can not cause thermal pollution to working environment in normal range (NR).
2, vacuum hot water infiltration.
New technology is based on the freezing preservation technique achievement of guaranteeing the quality of bright cocoon, between the silk and the deadlocked power of deadlocked point be 8～10 the gram, the loose ventilative water flowing of bright cocoon layer, the not sex change of silk strand, need not pass through loaded down with trivial details high temperature cocoon cooking operation, the vacuum of only bleeding behind the need vacuum barreled cocoon is 0.08～0.1Mpa, inject 58～62 ℃ of hot water, cocoon layer suction infiltration, cocoon chamber moisture 95～97%, discharge water between the silk of twice back of infiltration and the deadlocked power of deadlocked point is reduced to 0.5～0.9 gram, thereby can smooth and easy orderly disassociation carry out filature.Compare with the dried cocoon cocoon cooking process, new method protection silk quality does not need chemicals to separate easypro agent, and heat energy, water and expenditure of time reduce, and be easy and simple to handle, and expense cost reduces.
3, winding shaping.
Strand after end feeding, collection thread, crosisure, electric heater, its regain reduces to 13～16%, is transmitted roller and carries to reduce the tension fluctuation in the winding process, and is stressed and successively decrease with the increase of bobbin curled hair diameter through tensioner again.Through reeling under pressure roller is exerted pressure condition behind the traveller, this pressure also increases with bobbin curled hair diameter and successively decreases again.Directly reel and form raw silk finished product package form.
4, subsequent handling.
Owing to the result of above-mentioned 3 contents, make the little silk sheet desiccated balance of back reel silk from cocoons in the stage, it is unnecessary that vacuum is given wet water absorbent, rereeling baking silk coiling, big silk sheet balance, lacing, hank knotting, the color matching operation becomes.Subsequent handling is only for claiming silk, bag silk, finished silk warehouse-in, so the new method shortened process, cuts down finished cost and has improved raw silk quality.Because of cancelling above-mentioned unnecessary operation, also just avoid new fault that produces such as wide silk in the above-mentioned operation simultaneously, polluted silk, raw silk rings, mariages, lousiness, the circumfili that falls, hard angle, layering silk, horizontal hair, long knot etc., also avoided the expansion of the original rough defect form of strand.
Major advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1. reduce cocoon drying, cocoon cooking, big silk sheet balance, the little vacuum of traditional handicraft and inhaled temperature, operations such as rereeling.Thereby reduce construction investment, operating cost, technology difficulty, consumption of raw materials greatly, improve the quality of products.
2. thermal source changes power supply into by coal, can fundamentally solve reeling mill and burn the coal problem of environment pollution caused, realizes cleaner production, and the surfaceman is healthy, reduces the influence of flue dust stain to raw silk quality.
3. can reduce silk Da Sheng Jiangsu, the Zhejiang Silk Mill freight volume that every year, required hundreds of thousands ton " was transported the coal in the North to the South ", relieve traffic density; Meanwhile increase demand to " transferring electricity from the west to the east ", but southwest China oversold water power additional income.
4. thermal source changes power supply into by coal, is generalized to can reduce 3,000,000 CO that 1,000,000 tons of coal burnings cause national every year of the same trade
2With 300,000 tons of SO
2Atmosphere pollution amount and 100,000 tons of cinders pile up 1000 mu of appropriations of land and destruction.
5. reduce the heating system investment.Burn the coal heating system engineering and comprise coal stacking place, boiler room, boiler, pond, power supply, ventilation, pipe network, cinder stacking field, environmental protection equipment facility, 30～400,000 yuan of per thousand threads investments; And electric heating system can utilize former electric power system such as facility, equipment such as transformer, transmission line of electricity and electrical control cabinet, only acquires pressure regulator and electrical heating elements, equipment is simple, volume is little, in light weight, price is honest and clean, the investment of per thousand threads reduces half.
6. reduce operating cost, burn 2500 yuan of the spending electricity charge in 4400 yuan of spending fuel costs of coal heating process mulberry silk per ton, add up to that spending is dry take 6900 yuan, and electrical heating process only needs power consumption power, more than 4000 yuan of the spending electricity charge, the saving running cost is more than 1/3.
7. after realizing electrical heating, stability, the homogeneity of strand drying are good, strand dry mass height, and the inherent quality of promptly saving the silk bar from damage, reel silk from cocoons is once directly rolled up the requirement of burning till shape before being fit to again.
8. electric heater has concurrently and removes
Function.
9. can make mulberry silk industrial processes cost per ton save 10,000 yuan, the raw silk grade improves 1 grade simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a step filature temperature control schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is a step filature silk moisture content control schematic diagram
The specific embodiment
One step silk reeling technology flow process is as follows:
Bright cocoon purchase-→ freeze preservation guarantees the quality-→ cocoon quality investigation technological design-→ fresh-keeping cocoon mixes, stripping, sieve, choosing-→ the vacuum hot water infiltration-→ filature-→ volume burn till shape-→ claim silk-→ the bag silk-→ the finished silk warehouse-in.Its concrete steps are as follows:
1. bright cocoon purchase.The steaming phenomenon must not take place in the bright cocoon by the purchase of country or provincial standard quality, bright cocoon is packed into will loosen in the plastic crate, and branchs of packing into completely is advisable, and the cocoon basket piles " product " font, is transported to freezer the same day and refrigerates in purchasing.
2. freeze preservation is guaranteed the quality.Freezing bright cocoon temperature-6～-12 ℃, the air relative temperature must not be lower than 80% in the storehouse, and the cold treatment storage time can reach 9 months and keep the sericin of cocoon silk consistency.
3. cocoon quality investigation, technological design.Sample investigation refrigerates bright cocoon, and the result carries out technological design according to the examination reel silk from cocoons.
4. the cold storing and fresh-keeping cocoon mixes, shells, sieves, selects.Husks is denuded rate more than 90%, the rate of falsely dropping be no more than sample ± 2%.
5. vacuum hot water infiltration.Vacuum 0.08～0.1Mpa, 58～62 ℃ of hot water, pH value 7.2～7.7, water inlet exceeds silk cocoon 4～6cm, vacuumizes, suction, draining 4～8 minutes at every turn, and the deadlocked power of silk is reduced to 0.5～0.9 gram.
6. filature.Adopt automatic silk reeling machine, 80～86 ℃ of beating soup temperature, groping end efficiency＞80%; 35～40 ℃ of shaking soup temperature, shaking efficient＞60%; 30～36 ℃ of filature soup temperature, pH value 6.8～7.7; Crosisure 100～120 is twisted with the fingers, crosisure tension force 10～15 grams; The strand baking temperature is controlled at 250～300 ℃, and in 1 second heat time heating time, the strand regain reduces to 13～16%.
7. volume burns till shape.Through the once direct winding shaping of the device of special-purpose transfer roller tensioner and pressure roller composition, form the package form that the raw silk commodity require.
8. claim silk, bag silk, finished silk warehouse-in.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of method of one step of fresh silkworm cocoon filature, it comprises the following steps:
A. bright cocoon is packed in the basket, the cocoon basket piles isosceles triangle, refrigeration;
B. freeze preservation, temperature is-6～-12 ℃;
C. cocoon quality investigation, technological design;
D. the cold storing and fresh-keeping cocoon mixes, shells, sieves, selects;
E. vacuum hot water infiltration, vacuum is 0.08～0.1Mpa, 58～62 ℃ of hot water, pH value 7.2～7.7, water inlet exceeds silk cocoon 4～6cm, vacuumizes, suction, draining 4～8 minutes;
F. filature is used automatic silk reeling machine, 80～86 ℃ of beating soup temperature, and 35～40 ℃ of shaking soup temperature, 30～36 ℃ of filature soup temperature, pH value 6.8～7.7, crosisure 100～120 is twisted with the fingers, and strand drying, temperature are controlled at 250～300 ℃, 1 second heat time heating time;
G. winding shaping adopts once direct winding shaping of device that transfer roller tensioner and roller form, forms the package form that the raw silk commodity require.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03118854 CN1272477C (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2003-03-27 | One step filature method for fresh cocoons of silkworms |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03118854 CN1272477C (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2003-03-27 | One step filature method for fresh cocoons of silkworms |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1446950A CN1446950A (en) | 2003-10-08 |
| CN1272477C true CN1272477C (en) | 2006-08-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03118854 Expired - Fee Related CN1272477C (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2003-03-27 | One step filature method for fresh cocoons of silkworms |
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| CN (1) | CN1272477C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104213199A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-17 | 横县桂华茧丝绸有限责任公司 | Storage and preservation method for fresh cocoons before reeling |
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| CN100359049C (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2008-01-02 | 郑丽玮 | Silk reeling technology for hollow cocoon, dry solid cocoon and live pupa cocoon |
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| CN101502255B (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2011-10-05 | 苏州大学 | Method for storing mulberry cocoon |
| CN101832698B (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2012-07-04 | 苏州大学 | Mulberry cocoon drying method suitable for silk quality detection |
| CN102121136B (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2012-05-09 | 重庆市纤维检验局 | Method for making silk with transgenic color cocoons |
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| CN103409810B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2016-08-10 | 云南海润茧丝绸有限公司 | Cocoon cooking process under high altitude environment |
| CN104389029A (en) * | 2013-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 鹿寨县贵盛茧丝工贸有限公司 | Storage method of silkworm cocoon |
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| CN107663653A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-02-06 | 桐乡守敬应用技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of silk cocoon fresh cocoon reeling technique |
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| CN106480511A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-03-08 | 广西凯喜雅丝绸有限公司 | The preparation method of silkworm silk |
| CN107142525A (en) * | 2017-05-28 | 2017-09-08 | 贵州绿宝石丝绸有限公司 | A kind of processing method of silk |
| CN107699960A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-02-16 | 鹿寨县贵盛茧丝工贸有限公司 | Silk reeling technology method |
-
2003
- 2003-03-27 CN CN 03118854 patent/CN1272477C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104213199A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-17 | 横县桂华茧丝绸有限责任公司 | Storage and preservation method for fresh cocoons before reeling |
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| CN1446950A (en) | 2003-10-08 |
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