Grain drier with automatic moisture monitoring function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grain dryers, in particular to a grain dryer with automatic moisture monitoring function.
Background
Various grains harvested in agriculture are subjected to dehumidification and drying treatment, and the purpose of the dehumidification and drying treatment is to reduce the internal moisture and the water content in the grains, so that on one hand, the energy consumption caused by the self-respiration of the grains can be reduced; on the other hand, the method avoids the germination and the mildew of the grains caused by overhigh moisture content. In the prior art, a grain drying machine is mainly adopted for large-scale grain drying, has the advantages of short dehydration time and high drying treatment efficiency, effectively ensures the quality of grain storage, reduces the probability of grain mildew and germination, plays a vital role in ensuring grain safety, and is rapidly developed in recent years and is more and more popular with users.
However, there are also areas where improvements are needed in prior art grain dryers; for example, the existing grain drying machine has the defect that the moisture in grains cannot be monitored in real time, the grains are usually discharged from the discharge port after being dried for a period of time according to actual working experience in the actual drying process, the grains cannot be fully dried, on the other hand, the drying machine in the prior art is usually only provided with a drying box, hot air is directly discharged after being blown through the grains in the actual drying process, the temperature of the discharged air is higher, a lot of energy is invisibly wasted, and the drying cost is also increased. In view of this, how to provide a grain drying machine with automatic moisture monitoring that has a simple structure, can fully dry grains, and has high energy utilization efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the grain drying machine which has the advantages of simple structure, capability of fully drying grains, high energy utilization efficiency and automatic moisture monitoring.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a design a grain drier with automatic moisture monitoring, includes desiccator body, air intake, draught fan, combustor and grain feeding lifting machine, the desiccator body include feed inlet, first drying cabinet, second drying cabinet, third drying cabinet, fourth drying cabinet, baffle-box and discharge gate, the desiccator body vertical setting, and the feed inlet set up in the upper end of first drying cabinet, first drying cabinet set up in the upper end of second drying cabinet, the second drying cabinet set up in the upper end of third drying cabinet, the third drying cabinet set up in the upper end of fourth drying cabinet, the fourth drying cabinet set up in the upper end of baffle-box, the baffle-box set up in the upper end of discharge gate; the air inlet is arranged at the air inlet end of the induced draft fan, the air exhaust end of the induced draft fan is connected with the burner, and the burner is respectively connected with the air inlet of the first drying box, the air inlet of the second drying box, the air inlet of the third drying box and the air inlet of the fourth drying box through the air inlet pipe; the air inlet of the first drying box is provided with a first switch valve, the air inlet of the second drying box is provided with a second switch valve, the air inlet of the third drying box is provided with a third switch valve, and the air inlet of the fourth drying box is provided with a fourth switch valve; a first humidity sensor is arranged in the fourth drying box, a second humidity sensor is arranged in the third drying box, a third humidity sensor is arranged in the second drying box, a fourth humidity sensor is arranged in the first drying box, and the first humidity sensor, the second humidity sensor, the third humidity sensor and the fourth humidity sensor are connected with a humidity display device; the upper part of the fourth drying box is connected with the bottom of the third drying box through a first connecting pipe, the upper part of the third drying box is connected with the bottom of the second drying box through a second connecting pipe, the upper part of the second drying box is connected with the bottom of the first drying box through a third connecting pipe, and grid layers which can prevent grains from falling and can pass through hot air are arranged in the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe; the discharge end of the grain feeding hoister is arranged above the feed inlet; the lower extreme of first drying cabinet is equipped with first relief valve, and the lower extreme of second drying cabinet is equipped with the second relief valve, and the lower extreme of third drying cabinet is equipped with the third relief valve, and the lower extreme of fourth drying cabinet is equipped with the fourth relief valve.
Preferably, an air purification device is further arranged in the air inlet.
Preferably, the first drying oven, the second drying oven, the third drying oven and the fourth drying oven have equal volumes.
Preferably, the volume of the buffer box is not less than the volume of the first drying box.
Preferably, the surfaces of the dryer body, the air inlet pipe, the first connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe are all coated with heat-insulating layers.
Preferably, the feed inlet is also provided with a mesh screen layer.
Preferably, the temperature range of the gas discharged into the air inlet pipe by the burner is 30-80 ℃.
The invention provides a grain drier with automatic moisture monitoring, which has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the humidity sensor in the device monitors the drying degree of grains in each drying box in real time, hot air is recycled through the corresponding connecting pipe, grains with different drying degrees are dried, and the device has the beneficial effect of high waste heat energy utilization efficiency;
(2) the device adopts the four-stage drying box, preheats and dries the grains in each stage of drying box by utilizing the waste heat, has the beneficial effects of good drying effect and thorough drying, is provided with the humidity sensor in each stage of drying box, and knows the drying degree of the grains in each stage of drying box in real time through the display device, thereby being beneficial to thorough drying, shortening the drying time and avoiding the difficult problems of insufficient drying or excessive drying;
(3) in addition, in a four-stage drying mode of the device, the humidity of hot air discharged into the upper end drying box from the lower end drying box is smaller than that of grains in the upper end drying box, so that the grains in the upper end drying box can be dried better;
(4) the device has the advantages of simple structure, high energy utilization efficiency, automatic moisture monitoring function, full grain drying and wide application prospect.
Drawings
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to examples of embodiments shown in the drawings to which, however, the invention is not restricted.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.
In the figure: the device comprises an air inlet 1, an induced draft fan 2, a combustor 3, a grain feeding elevator 4, a feed inlet 5, a first drying box 6, a second drying box 7, a third drying box 8, a fourth drying box 9, a buffer box 10, a discharge port 11, an air inlet pipe 12, a first switch valve 13, a second switch valve 14, a third switch valve 15, a fourth switch valve 16, a first humidity sensor 17, a second humidity sensor 18, a third humidity sensor 19, a fourth humidity sensor 20, a first connecting pipe 21, a second connecting pipe 22, a third connecting pipe 23, a grid layer 24, a first discharge valve 25, a second discharge valve 26, a third discharge valve 27, a fourth discharge valve 28, a grid layer 29 and an air purification device 30.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to the attached drawings 1-2, the grain dryer with automatic moisture monitoring comprises a dryer body, an air inlet 1, an induced draft fan 2, a burner 3 and a grain feeding elevator 4, wherein the dryer body comprises a feed inlet 5, a first drying box 6, a second drying box 7, a third drying box 8, a fourth drying box 9, a buffer box 10 and a discharge outlet 11, the dryer body is vertically arranged, the feed inlet 5 is arranged at the upper end of the first drying box 6, the first drying box 6 is arranged at the upper end of the second drying box 7, the second drying box 7 is arranged at the upper end of the third drying box 8, the third drying box 8 is arranged at the upper end of the fourth drying box 9, the fourth drying box 9 is arranged at the upper end of the buffer box 10, and the buffer box 10 is arranged at the upper end of the discharge outlet 11; the air inlet 1 is arranged at the air inlet end of the induced draft fan 2, the air outlet end of the induced draft fan 2 is connected with the burner 3, and the burner 3 is respectively connected with the air inlet of the first drying box 6, the air inlet of the second drying box 7, the air inlet of the third drying box 8 and the air inlet of the fourth drying box 9 through the air inlet pipe 12; a first switch valve 13 is arranged at the air inlet of the first drying box 6, a second switch valve 14 is arranged at the air inlet of the second drying box 7, a third switch valve 15 is arranged at the air inlet of the third drying box 8, and a fourth switch valve 16 is arranged at the air inlet of the fourth drying box 9; a first humidity sensor 17 is arranged in the fourth drying box 9, a second humidity sensor 18 is arranged in the third drying box 8, a third humidity sensor 19 is arranged in the second drying box 7, a fourth humidity sensor 20 is arranged in the first drying box 6, and the first humidity sensor 17, the second humidity sensor 18, the third humidity sensor 19 and the fourth humidity sensor 20 are connected with a humidity display device; the upper part of the fourth drying box 9 is connected with the bottom of the third drying box 8 through a first connecting pipe 21, the upper part of the third drying box 8 is connected with the bottom of the second drying box 7 through a second connecting pipe 22, the upper part of the second drying box 7 is connected with the bottom of the first drying box 6 through a third connecting pipe 23, and a grid layer 24 which can prevent grains from falling and can pass through hot air is arranged in each of the first connecting pipe 21, the second connecting pipe 22 and the third connecting pipe 23; the discharge end of the grain feeding elevator 4 is arranged above the feed inlet 5; a first discharge valve 25 is arranged at the lower end of the first drying box 6, a second discharge valve 26 is arranged at the lower end of the second drying box 7, a third discharge valve 27 is arranged at the lower end of the third drying box 8, and a fourth discharge valve 28 is arranged at the lower end of the fourth drying box 9; an air purification device 30 is further arranged in the air inlet 1, the volumes of the first drying box 6, the second drying box 7, the third drying box 8 and the fourth drying box 9 are equal, and the volume of the buffer box 10 is twice of the volume of the first drying box 6; the surfaces of the dryer body, the air inlet pipe 12, the first connecting pipe 21, the second connecting pipe 22 and the third connecting pipe 23 are coated with heat insulating layers; the feed inlet 5 is also provided with a mesh screen layer 29; the temperature of the gas discharged into the air inlet pipe 12 by the burner 3 is 80 ℃.
The working principle is as follows: an air inlet 1 of the device is arranged at an air inlet end of an induced draft fan 2, an air outlet end of the induced draft fan 2 is connected with a burner 3, the burner 3 is respectively connected with an air inlet of a first drying box 6, an air inlet of a second drying box 7, an air inlet of a third drying box 8 and an air inlet of a fourth drying box 9 through an air inlet pipe 12, the air inlet of the first drying box 6 is provided with a first switch valve 13, the air inlet of the second drying box 7 is provided with a second switch valve 14, the air inlet of the third drying box 8 is provided with a third switch valve 15, and the air inlet of the fourth drying box 9 is provided with a fourth switch valve 16; the vertically arranged dryer body sequentially comprises a feeding port 5, a first drying box 6, a second drying box 7, a third drying box 8, a fourth drying box 9, a buffer box 10 and a discharging port 11 from top to bottom, wherein a fourth humidity sensor 20 is arranged in the first drying box 6, a third humidity sensor 19 is arranged in the second drying box 7, a second humidity sensor 18 is arranged in the third drying box 8, and a first humidity sensor 17 is arranged in the fourth drying box 9; and the upper part of the fourth drying box 9 is connected to the bottom of the third drying box 8 through a first connecting pipe 21, the upper part of the third drying box 8 is connected to the bottom of the second drying box 7 through a second connecting pipe 22, and the upper part of the second drying box 7 is connected to the bottom of the first drying box 6 through a third connecting pipe 23.
When the drying machine works, grains to be dried are lifted to the upper part of the drying machine body through the grain feeding elevator 4 and fall into the first drying box 6 through the feeding hole 5, after the draught fan 2 is started, air is blown into the combustor 3 through the air inlet 1, air heated by the combustor 3 is changed into hot air which is sent to inlets of the first drying box 6, the second drying box 7, the third drying box 8 and the fourth drying box 9 through the air inlet pipe 12, the fourth switch valve 16 is firstly opened in the drying process, the hot air is blown into the fourth drying box 9, the grains in the fourth drying box 9 are dried, then the dried waste heat is circulated to the grains in the third drying box 8 through the first connecting pipe 21, after the waste heat is absorbed by the grains in the third drying box 8, the waste heat is circulated to the grains in the second drying box 7 through the second connecting pipe 22 and then is circulated to the grains in the first drying box 6 through the third connecting pipe 23, the waste heat is discharged from the feed inlet 5; the grains to be dried are subjected to four-stage drying treatment in a first drying box 6, a second drying box 7, a third drying box 8 and a fourth drying box 9, the grains in the fourth drying box 9 are dried to the highest degree, the grains in the third drying box 8 are dried to the next lowest degree, the grains in the second drying box 7 are dried to the lower degree than the grains in the third drying box 8, and the grains in the first drying box 6 are dried to the lowest degree; when the humidity of the grains detected by the first humidity sensor 17 arranged in the fourth drying box 9 meets the storage requirement, the worker can open the fourth discharging valve 28 to discharge the grains dried in the fourth drying box 9 to the buffer box 10, discharge the grains through the discharge port 11, close the fourth discharging valve 28, open the third discharging valve 27 to discharge the grains in the third drying box 8 to the fourth drying box 9 for further drying treatment, then discharge the grains in the second drying box 7 to the third drying box 8, discharge the grains in the first drying box 6 to the second drying box 7, and discharge the grains into the first drying box 6 through the grain feeding elevator 4; in the working process, the first humidity sensor 17, the second humidity sensor 18, the third humidity sensor 19 and the fourth humidity sensor 20 monitor the drying degree of grains in each drying box in real time, hot air is recycled through the first connecting pipe 21, the second connecting pipe 22 and the third connecting pipe 23, and the grains with different drying degrees are dried, so that the drying device has the beneficial effect of high utilization efficiency of waste heat energy; the humidity sensors are arranged in each stage of drying box, and the drying degree of the grains in each stage of drying box is known in real time through the display device, so that the thorough drying is facilitated, the drying time is shortened, and the difficult problems of insufficient drying or excessive drying are avoided; in addition, the device is also provided with a first switch valve 13, a second switch valve 14 and a third switch valve 15 at the air inlet ends of the first drying box 6, the second drying box 7 and the third drying box 8 respectively, so that the fourth switch valve 16 can be closed when some grains which are easy to dry can be fully dried in the third drying box 8, the third switch valve 15 is opened to carry out drying treatment in a three-stage drying mode, the drying time is further reduced, the grains which are easy to dry can be dried, and the beneficial effect of excessive drying is avoided; finally, the device adopts the waste heat to preheat and dry the grains in the first drying box 6, the second drying box 7 and the third drying box 8, thereby shortening the drying time; in addition, in the four-stage drying mode of the device, the humidity of the hot air discharged into the upper end drying box from the lower end drying box is smaller than that of the grains in the upper end drying box, so that the grains in the upper end drying box can be dried better.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.