CN1265004C - Low porosity closed cell foam aluminum alloy and its preparation method - Google Patents
Low porosity closed cell foam aluminum alloy and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1265004C CN1265004C CN 200310106496 CN200310106496A CN1265004C CN 1265004 C CN1265004 C CN 1265004C CN 200310106496 CN200310106496 CN 200310106496 CN 200310106496 A CN200310106496 A CN 200310106496A CN 1265004 C CN1265004 C CN 1265004C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for manufacturing closed-cell foam aluminum alloy with low porosity. The method comprises the procedures: step one, aluminum alloy is heated to fusion; step two, 0.5 to 5% of tackifiers are added for increasing viscosity for the stirring of aluminum alloy; step three, foaming agents which account for 0.2 to 5.0% of the quality of aluminum alloy are added and are stirred evenly; step four, the foaming agents are stirred for 10s to 180s at the rotary speed of 1000 revolutions per minute to 2000 revolutions per minute; step five, a stirring paddle is lifted, and a crucible is in heat preservation for 5s to 300s at 640 DGE C to 750 DGE C; step six, closed-cell foam aluminum alloy with low porosity is obtained by simultaneously cooling the fondant of foam aluminum alloy after heat preservation in a circumferential mode. The present invention also discloses closed-cell foam aluminum alloy with low porosity, the porosity is from 50% to 80%, and the shape of each pore forms a sphere shape or a similar sphere shape. Compared with foam aluminum alloy with high porosity, the obtained foam aluminum alloy with low porosity has higher strength and better energy absorption performance.
Description
One. technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of foam aluminium alloy and manufacture method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Two. background technology
Existing foam melt method prepares the characteristics of foam aluminium alloy: the hole be shaped as polyhedron, the average 3-5mm in aperture, high porosity (being higher than 80%), intensity is lower, energy absorption ability is less.Need the higher intensity and the occasion of bigger energy absorption ability for some, the high porosity foam aluminium alloy can't meet the demands.
Three. summary of the invention
The invention provides closed-cell foam aluminium alloy of high strength, sphere or class spherical pore, low porosity and preparation method thereof.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of method that is used to make the low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy, comprise the steps: the first step, aluminium alloy is heated to fusing, second step, the tackifier of adding 0.5～5% stir tackify to aluminium alloy, the 3rd step, adding accounts for aluminium alloy quality 0.2-5.0% whipping agent and stirs, the 4th step, with rotating speed restir 10s～180s of 1000 rev/mins～2000 rev/mins, the 5th step, stirring rake is proposed, and with crucible at 640 ℃～750 ℃ insulation 5s～300s, in the 6th step, adopt each to obtain the low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy foam aluminium alloy melt after the insulation to cooling simultaneously.
A kind of low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy, its porosity are 50%～80%, and its void shape is sphere or class sphere.
The present invention obtains following technique effect:
(1) (can be 3.5～5.5% aluminum-copper alloy from aluminium alloy for the cupric massfraction, siliceous massfraction is 4～12% aluminum silicon alloy, the aluminum magnesium alloy that contains magnesium 5～12%) the growth angle of bubble is seen in the melt foam, after foaming is stirred, three processes of experience of growing up of bubble: sphere, the spherical growth phase of class, this stage bubble is spherical in shape or class is spherical, and (the class sphere is for polyhedron, principal character is that the hole inwall is a curved surface, rather than polyhedral plane), wall thickness between the bubble is very big, this stage, porosity was about 80% (estimate or test the sampling statistics and can get according to the Close Packing of Spheres Model Calculation) when finishing; In the polyhedron stage, the bubble back mutual extrusion of growing up reaches internal balance gradually, and bubble is polyhedron shape, and bubble chamber film is because the effect of discharge opeing attenuate gradually; The bubble unstability stage, the further attenuation of bubble chamber film, the bubble unstability, melt inside forms big hole gradually.
In the melt foaming process of prior art, bubble is spherical in shape, the class spheric time is often too short, even when homogenizing stirred end, polyhedronization was not easy to obtain low porosity.Further the effect of high-speed stirring for some time is: (A) can provide the enough cutting force bubble of will growing up to be broken into equally distributed, aperture fine spherical grains bubble, reduce melt foamy initial porosity; (B) in further high-speed stirring process, also pass by gradually on the peak that whipping agent decomposes, and the bubble motivating force of growing up diminishes, thereby the coarsening rate of slowing down bubble avoids forming the polyhedron bubble, and slow down porosity and increase.For obtaining the low porosity foam aluminium alloy, the high-speed stirring time after homogenizing stirs need adapt with the add-on and the stirring velocity of whipping agent.It is the foam aluminium alloy of sphere or class sphere (inwall of hole is a curved surface) that the present invention has prepared scope porosity, the void shape that porosity is lower than 80% (50%～80%).
(2) after foaming is stirred, the crucible that fills the foam aluminium alloy melt is placed in the stove is incubated, if soaking time is longer, bubble has adequate time to grow up and be in contact with one another polyhedronization takes place so.Therefore, need to adopt short soaking time to make that the foam aluminium alloy bubble is spherical in shape, different soaking times influences the porosity of low porosity foam aluminium alloy.
(3) owing to liquid film between the liquid low porosity foam aluminium alloy bubble is thicker, bubble stability increases greatly, therefore bubble can bear very big cooling stress and do not break at each in cooling, thereby makes the yield rate of low porosity foam aluminium alloy increase greatly.The present invention has adopted short soaking time, makes that bubble is spherical in shape or class is spherical, obtains the low porosity foam aluminium alloy of high rate of finished products.
(4) gas of whipping agent decomposition is the motivating force that bubble is grown up, its add-on also has bigger influence to final porosity, add-on is many more, the bubble speed of growing up is also fast more so, the more easy polyhedronization of bubble, need the time of high-speed stirring also long more, technological process is not easy control, and efficient reduces.The present invention adopts lower whipping agent ground add-on, makes the easier control of technological process, efficient higher.
(5) floorage of crucible is certain, and the porosity P of melt height H and foamed aluminium has certain corresponding relation, therefore can accurately control the porosity of low porosity born of the same parents shape aluminium alloy by the way of control foam aluminium alloy melt height.
(6) the present invention prepares the foam aluminium alloy porosity and is lower than 80%, and for example 76%, 74%, 70%, 67%, 60%, 58%, 52%, bubble is spherical in shape substantially or class is spherical.In addition, hole is evenly distributed, the aperture is less, the foam aluminium alloy that wall thickness is bigger, and wherein: the mean diameter in hole is by a large amount of hole diameter d of statistics
sAsk its average to obtain hole mean diameter d
sCan obtain according to image analysis result the foamed aluminium cross section.Average wall thickness δ between the hole can calculate according to following formula.
D wherein
sBe the hole mean diameter, S is a section area, and the S hole is the hole total area, and N is the hole number, can both draw according to the cross-sectional image computer analysis results, therefore can obtain average wall thickness δ
s
(7) the low porosity foam aluminium alloy of Huo Deing has higher intensity and better energy absorption performance than high porosity foam aluminium alloy, with porosity is that 67.3% foam aluminium alloy is an example, compare with high porosity (82.1%), the former has reached 29.0MPa by compression yield strength, be about 2.6 times of the latter, specific tenacity also is about 1.3 times of the latter, and energy absorption performance has reached 16.1MJ/m
3, be 2.8 times of the latter.
Four. description of drawings
Fig. 1 is compression yield strength, specific tenacity and the energy absorption performance of the low porosity foamed aluminium copper alloy of the present invention's acquisition and the comparison diagram of the corresponding performance of high porosity
Spherical pore, the porosity that Fig. 2 obtains for the embodiment of the invention 4 is 67.3% the local stereoscopic microscope photo (amplifying 10 times) of foam aluminium alloy cross section
Spherical pore, the porosity that Fig. 3 obtains for the embodiment of the invention 5 is 70% the local stereoscopic microscope photo (amplifying 10 times) of foam aluminium alloy cross section
Class spherical pore, the porosity that Fig. 4 obtains for the embodiment of the invention 6 is the local stereoscopic microscope photo (amplifying 10 times) of 76% hole foam aluminium alloy cross section
Five. specific embodiments
1 one kinds of preparation methods that are used to make the low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy of embodiment comprise the steps:
The first step is heated to fusing with the aluminum-copper alloy of cupric 3.5～5.5%;
Second step, the tackifier that add 0.5～5% (for example 1.5%) account for aluminium alloy weight stir tackify 8 minutes～15 minutes (can be taken as 10 minutes) to aluminium alloy with the speed of 200～500 rev/mins (can be taken as 400 rev/mins), tackifier can be Ca, aluminium oxide powder, manganese dioxide powder;
The 3rd step added 0.2～5.0% the whipping agent account for aluminium alloy quality and stirred 40～60s with 600～900 rev/mins (being chosen as 900 rev/mins), and wherein whipping agent can be titanium hydride, volcanic ash, lime carbonate, and the add-on of whipping agent can be 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 4.0%, 5.0%;
In the 4th step, with rotating speed restir 10s～180s of 1000 rev/mins～2000 rev/mins, stirring velocity can be chosen 1000 rev/mins, 1200 rev/mins, 1500 rev/mins, 2000 rev/mins, churning time can be chosen for 10s, 20s, 40s, 60s, 80s, 100s, 120s, 140s, 160s, 180s;
The 5th step proposed stirring rake, and allowed crucible be incubated 5 seconds～5 minutes down at 640 ℃～750 ℃, and soaking time can be chosen for 5s, 10s, 15s, 20s, 25s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, 2 minutes, 4 minutes, 5 minutes, holding temperature can be 640 ℃, 650 ℃, and 670 ℃, 700 ℃, 750 ℃;
In the 6th step, adopt each to obtain closed-cell foam aluminium alloy the foam aluminium alloy melt after the insulation to cooling simultaneously.
2 one kinds of preparation methods that are used to make the low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy of embodiment comprise the steps:
The first step is heated to fusing with the aluminum-copper alloy of cupric 3.5～5.5%;
In second step, the tackifier calcium that adds 0.5～5% (for example 1.5%) account for aluminium alloy weight stirs tackify 8 minutes～15 minutes (can be taken as 10 minutes) to aluminium alloy with the speed of 200～500 rev/mins (can be taken as 400 rev/mins);
The 3rd step added 0.2～2.0% the whipping agent titanium hydride account for aluminium alloy quality and stirred 40～60s with 600～900 rev/mins (for example 900 rev/mins), and wherein the add-on of whipping agent can be 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%;
In the 4th step, with rotating speed restir 10s～180s of 1000 rev/mins～2000 rev/mins, stirring velocity can be chosen 1000 rev/mins, and 1200 rev/mins, 1500 rev/mins, 2000 rev/mins, churning time can be chosen for 10s, 20s, 40s, 60s, 80s, 100s, 120s;
The 5th step proposed stirring rake, and crucible is incubated 5 seconds～5 minutes down at 640 ℃～750 ℃, and soaking time can be chosen for 5s, 10s, 15s, 20s, 25s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, 2 minutes, 4 minutes, 5 minutes, holding temperature can be 640 ℃, 650 ℃, and 670 ℃, 700 ℃, 750 ℃;
The 6th step, with the foam aluminium alloy melt after the insulation adopt each to cool off simultaneously closed-cell foam aluminium alloy.3 one kinds of preparation methods that are used to make the low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy of embodiment comprise the steps:
The first step is heated to fusing with the aluminum-copper alloy of cupric 3.5～5.5%;
In second step, the tackifier calcium that adds 0.5～5% (for example 1.5%) account for aluminium alloy weight stirs tackify 8 minutes～15 minutes (can be taken as 10 minutes) to aluminium alloy with the speed of 200～500 rev/mins (can be taken as 400 rev/mins);
The 3rd step added 0.2～5.0% the whipping agent titanium hydride account for aluminium alloy quality and stirred 40～60s with 600～900 rev/mins (being chosen as 900 rev/mins), and wherein the add-on of whipping agent can be 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 4.0%, 5.0%;
In the 4th step, with rotating speed restir 10s～180s of 1000 rev/mins～2000 rev/mins, stirring velocity can be chosen 1000 rev/mins, 1200 rev/mins, 1500 rev/mins, 2000 rev/mins, churning time can be chosen for 10s, 20s, 40s, 60s, 80s, 100s, 120s, 140s, 160s, 180s;
The 5th step proposed stirring rake, and crucible is incubated 5 seconds～5 minutes down at 640 ℃～750 ℃, and soaking time can be chosen for 5s, 10s, 15s, 20s, 25s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, 2 minutes, 4 minutes, 5 minutes, holding temperature can be 640 ℃, 650 ℃, and 670 ℃, 700 ℃, 750 ℃;
In the 6th step, adopt each to obtain closed-cell foam aluminium alloy the foam aluminium alloy melt after the insulation to cooling simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, can determine the porosity of foam aluminium alloy according to the height of melt, as diameter is the aluminium liquid that the crucible of 100mm fills 1000g, highly is about 67.3% foam aluminium alloy for obtaining mean porosities behind the foam aluminium alloy melt solidifying of 144mm.
4 one kinds of preparation methods that are used to make the low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy of embodiment comprise the steps:
The first step is heated to fusing with the aluminum-copper alloy 1200g of cupric 3.5～5.5%;
Second step added 1.5% the tackifier account for aluminium alloy weight aluminium alloy was stirred tackify 10 minutes with 400 rev/mins speed, and tackifier can be Ca, aluminium oxide powder, manganese dioxide powder;
In the 3rd step, add 0.8% the whipping agent titanium hydride account for aluminium alloy quality and stir 60s with 900 rev/mins;
In the 4th step, stir 20s with 1500 rev/mins rotating speeds;
The 5th step proposed stirring rake, and allowed crucible be incubated 40s down at 660 ℃;
In the 6th step, adopt each to obtain closed-cell foam aluminium alloy the foam aluminium alloy melt after the insulation to cooling simultaneously.
5 one kinds of preparation methods that are used to make the low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy of embodiment comprise the steps:
The first step is heated to fusing with the aluminum-copper alloy 1200g of cupric 3.5～5.5%;
Second step added 1.5% the tackifier account for aluminium alloy weight aluminium alloy was stirred tackify 10 minutes with 400 rev/mins speed, and tackifier can be Ca, aluminium oxide powder, manganese dioxide powder;
In the 3rd step, add 1.5% the whipping agent titanium hydride account for aluminium alloy quality and stir 60s with 900 rev/mins;
In the 4th step, stir 40s with 1500 rev/mins rotating speeds;
The 5th step proposed stirring rake, and allowed crucible be incubated 40s down at 660 ℃;
In the 6th step, adopt each to obtain closed-cell foam aluminium alloy the foam aluminium alloy melt after the insulation to cooling simultaneously.
6 one kinds of preparation methods that are used to make the low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy of embodiment comprise the steps:
The first step is heated to fusing with the aluminum-copper alloy 1200g of cupric 3.5～5.5%;
Second step added 1.5% the tackifier account for aluminium alloy weight aluminium alloy was stirred tackify 10 minutes with 400 rev/mins speed, and tackifier can be Ca, aluminium oxide powder, manganese dioxide powder;
In the 3rd step, add 1.5% the whipping agent titanium hydride account for aluminium alloy quality and stir 60s with 900 rev/mins;
In the 4th step, stir 40s with 1000 rev/mins rotating speeds;
The 5th step proposed stirring rake, and allowed crucible be incubated 40s down at 660 ℃;
In the 6th step, adopt each to obtain closed-cell foam aluminium alloy the foam aluminium alloy melt after the insulation to cooling simultaneously.
7 one kinds of low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloys of embodiment with the method for the invention preparation, its porosity is 50%～80%, can be 76%, 74%, 70%, 67%, 60%, 58%, 52%, its void shape is sphere or class sphere, and in the present embodiment, its mean pore size is 0.1～5mm, can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 5mm, average wall thickness 0.1～5mm can be 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 2mm, 4mm, 5mm.
Claims (5)
1. a method that is used to make the low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step is heated to fusing with aluminium alloy,
Second step added the tackifier that account for aluminium alloy quality 0.5～5% aluminium alloy is stirred tackify,
In the 3rd step, adding accounts for aluminium alloy quality 0.2-5.0% whipping agent and stirs,
The 4th step, with rotating speed restir 10s～180s of 1000 rev/mins～2000 rev/mins,
The 5th step proposed stirring rake, and crucible is incubated 5s～300s at 640 ℃～750 ℃,
In the 6th step, adopt each to obtain the low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy foam aluminium alloy melt after the insulation to cooling simultaneously.
2. the preparation method of low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that whipping agent is a titanium hydride.
3. the preparation method of low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy according to claim 1, the add-on that it is characterized in that whipping agent is 0.2%～2.0% of an aluminium alloy quality.
4. the preparation method of low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that tackifier are Ca.
5. according to the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described low porosity closed-cell foam aluminium alloys, it is characterized in that porosity controls by control foam melt height H.
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101818278A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-01 | 大连海事大学 | Device and method for preparing porous foam metal by metal melt inflation process |
| CN102002607B (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-07-18 | 东莞理工学院 | Method for preparing foamed aluminum by foaming melt |
| CN102492866A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-06-13 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing closed-cell aluminum foam under combined action of electromagnetic stirring and mechanical stirring |
| CN103320637B (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2015-10-21 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of Light high-strength closed-cell foam aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103194634B (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2015-01-21 | 河北工业大学 | Method for preparing foamed aluminum composite material |
| CN103266244B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2015-12-09 | 东南大学 | A kind of aluminium-magnesium-calcium alloy foam and preparation method thereof |
| CN107586983A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-01-16 | 尚圣杰 | A kind of production technology accelerated internal cooling and improve foamed aluminium uniform in foaming degree |
| CN110093527B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2021-03-02 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of high-strength closed-cell foamed aluminum with polyhedral cell structure |
| CN111057895A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-24 | 安徽众霸新材料科技有限公司 | Integrated high-strength compression-resistant heat-preservation aluminum plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN113305282B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-08-26 | 山东高速高新材料科技有限公司 | Foamed aluminum production process based on electrified production equipment |
| CN113222912B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-12-20 | 山东高速高新材料科技有限公司 | Calibration method of foamed aluminum material |
| CN115595464A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-13 | 丹阳市俊晧金属科技有限公司（Cn） | Preparation method of cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure |
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