CN115595464A - Preparation method of cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure - Google Patents
Preparation method of cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115595464A CN115595464A CN202110718932.XA CN202110718932A CN115595464A CN 115595464 A CN115595464 A CN 115595464A CN 202110718932 A CN202110718932 A CN 202110718932A CN 115595464 A CN115595464 A CN 115595464A
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- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- melt
- cellular
- foaming agent
- pore structure
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 titanium hydride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure, which comprises the following steps: melting aluminum in a foaming crucible; adding a foaming agent into the aluminum melt, and stirring simultaneously, wherein the foaming agent generates gas in the melt to foam the melt; pouring the aluminum melt foam into a stainless steel mold, and filling the mold by utilizing the flowing property of the aluminum melt foam; the large-size cellular aluminum block prepared by the method has the advantages of light weight, higher specific strength, specific rigidity, good energy absorption and absorption, good sound insulation performance and electromagnetic shielding performance, substances in the material are harmless to human bodies and the environment, the application field is wide, the large-size cellular aluminum block can be completely recycled, and the environment friendliness is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of foam metal, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure.
Background
Depending on the form of the pores in the matrix aluminum, metal foams can be classified into two categories: one is porous aluminum (also referred to as open-cell aluminum) in which pores are interconnected, and the other is cellular aluminum (also referred to as closed-cell aluminum) in which pores are isolated from each other; the porosity of the porous aluminum is low, generally 60-70%, and the common preparation method is a seepage method; the porosity of cellular aluminum can be higher, generally 80-90%, and the preparation method generally comprises a melt foaming method, a blowing foaming method and a powder metallurgy method; the melt foaming method is a preferred process for large-scale production due to the characteristics of simple equipment, low cost and the like;
the process for preparing cellular aluminum by the melt foaming method comprises the following steps: (i) Melting a certain amount of aluminum (such as 1 Kg) and keeping the temperature at a certain temperature; (ii) Adding a tackifier into the aluminum melt by stirring to increase the viscosity of the aluminum melt; (iii) Adding a foaming agent (generally 1 to 2 percent of the mass of aluminum) under strong stirring (1000 rpm), wherein the foaming agent generates gas in the aluminum melt, the aluminum melt starts to foam, the time period of the process is called a stirring foaming stage, and the duration of the process is defined as the stirring foaming time; (iv) After the stirring foaming stage is finished, quickly taking out the stirring paddle, continuously growing the aluminum melt foam remained in the furnace until a certain cellular structure is formed, wherein the time period of the process is called a heat preservation foaming stage, and the duration time of the process is defined as heat preservation foaming time; (v) Cooling and solidifying the aluminum melt foam to obtain cellular aluminum; in the process, the temperature of the aluminum melt foam in the stirring foaming stage and the heat preservation foaming stage is defined as the foaming temperature, and the sum of the stirring foaming time and the heat preservation foaming time is called as the foaming time;
in the preparation of cellular aluminum, industrial calcium particles, al2O3 or SiC powder are mostly adopted as the tackifier; because the decomposition gas production temperature of the titanium hydride is matched with the melting temperature of the aluminum melt, the foaming agent mostly adopts titanium hydride (TiH 2), and the titanium hydride is utilized to decompose in the aluminum melt to generate hydrogen and form bubbles to obtain a corresponding cellular structure; the porosity and the pore diameter of the cellular aluminum prepared by using titanium hydride as a foaming agent have positive correlation, and the porosity of the sample is high (such as 85 percent), the corresponding pore diameter is large (4 mm), and conversely, the porosity of the sample is low (such as 60 percent), and the corresponding pore diameter is small (< 1 mm);
at present, titanium hydride is mostly selected as a foaming agent when a melt foaming method is used for preparing foamed aluminum, but the titanium hydride is expensive, the high-temperature decomposition speed of the titanium hydride is high, bubbles are formed quickly, the titanium hydride is easy to float upwards, break or combine, and formed air holes are large; therefore, in order to allow the gas to be stably retained in the melt, ceramic particles are often added to the melt to increase the viscosity, but the addition of the viscosity increasing agent increases the preparation cost of the foamed aluminum, and a certain viscosity increasing time is required for melt viscosity increase.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a preparation method of a cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure comprises the following specific steps:
(S1) melting aluminum in a foaming crucible;
(S2) adding a foaming agent into the aluminum melt, and stirring simultaneously, wherein the foaming agent generates gas in the melt to foam the melt;
(S3) pouring the aluminum melt foam into a stainless steel mold, and filling the mold by utilizing the flowing property of the aluminum melt foam;
and (S4) cooling and solidifying the aluminum melt in the mold to form a large-size cellular aluminum block.
Preferably, titanium hydride or calcium carbonate is used as the foaming agent in the step (S2).
Preferably, when titanium hydride is used as the foaming agent in the step (S2), an adhesion promoter is added to the aluminum melt in the foaming dry pot after the step (S1), and the adhesion promoter is calcium metal particles.
Preferably, when the foaming agent is added in the step (S2), the aluminum melt is stirred by a stirring paddle, and the rotation speed of the stirring paddle is 800rpm.
Preferably, when calcium carbonate powder is used as the foaming agent, metallic magnesium is added to the aluminum melt of the step (S1).
Has the advantages that:
the large-size cellular aluminum block prepared by the method has the advantages of light weight, higher strength, rigidity, good energy absorption and absorption, good sound insulation performance and electromagnetic shielding performance, substances in the material are harmless to human bodies and the environment, the application field is wide, the large-size cellular aluminum block can be completely recycled, and the environment friendliness is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall process flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following will further describe a specific embodiment of the method for preparing the cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure according to the present invention with reference to fig. 1. The method for preparing the cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure is not limited to the description of the following examples.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a specific structure of a method for preparing a cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure, as shown in fig. 1, the specific steps are as follows:
(S1) melting aluminum in a foaming crucible;
(S2) adding a foaming agent into the aluminum melt, and stirring simultaneously, wherein the foaming agent generates gas in the melt to foam the melt;
(S3) pouring the aluminum melt foam into a stainless steel mold, and filling the mold by utilizing the flowing property of the aluminum melt foam;
and (S4) cooling and solidifying the aluminum melt in the mold to form a large-size cellular aluminum block.
Titanium hydride is used as the foaming agent in the step (S2).
After the step (S1), a tackifier is added to the aluminum melt in the foaming dry pot, and the tackifier adopts calcium metal particles.
And (S2) when the foaming agent is added, stirring the aluminum melt by using a stirring paddle, wherein the rotation speed of the stirring paddle is 800rpm.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a specific structure of a method for preparing a cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure, as shown in fig. 1, the specific steps are as follows:
(S1) melting aluminum in a foaming crucible;
(S2) adding a foaming agent into the aluminum melt, and stirring at the same time, wherein the foaming agent generates gas in the melt to foam the melt;
(S3) pouring the aluminum melt foam into a stainless steel mold, and filling the mold by utilizing the flowing property of the aluminum melt foam;
and (S4) cooling and solidifying the aluminum melt in the mold to form a large-size cellular aluminum block.
Titanium hydride or calcium carbonate is used as the foaming agent in the step (S2).
Adding magnesium metal into the aluminum melt in the step (S1).
The magnesium melt and the calcium carbonate generate an outgassing reaction, and the reaction has a chemical formula as follows:
mg (l) + CaCO 3(s) → MgO(s) + CaO(s) + CO (g) ×, so after a proper amount of magnesium is added into the aluminum melt, calcium carbonate can be directly added to foam the aluminum melt without a melt tackifying process, the prepared cellular aluminum has small pore diameter, the foaming process of the aluminum melt is smooth, and the cellular aluminum with high porosity (85%) and small pore diameter (-1.5 mm) can be realized.
By combining the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the large-size cellular aluminum block prepared in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is detected to obtain a performance structure, the large-size cellular aluminum block prepared by the process method has a uniform pore structure, the pore diameter is 1-12mm, the porosity is 70-90%, the specific gravity of the large-size cellular aluminum block is 10-40% of the weight of the parent metal with the same volume, the bending resistance specific stiffness is 1.5 times of steel, and the damping performance is 5-10 times of metal aluminum.
When the porosity of the prepared large-size cellular aluminum block is 80-90%, the thermal conductivity is 3-10kcal/mh ℃.
In the large-size cellular aluminum block prepared by the process method, when the sound wave frequency is between 800 Hz and 4000Hz, the sound insulation coefficient reaches over 0.9, and the sound insulation quantity is about 10dB; when the sound wave frequency is between 2000 Hz and 4000Hz, the maximum sound absorption coefficient is 0.8, and the sound absorption quantity is about 7dB; when the sound wave frequency is between 125 Hz and 4000Hz, the average sound absorption coefficient of the octave is 0.4, the noise of the combined structure is reduced by 30dB to 40dB, and the noise is reduced by 30dB; when the frequency is in the range of 9 KHz-1000 MHz, the shielding effectiveness is 50-120 dB; the shielding effectiveness is 63-92 dB in the frequency range of 2.6 GHz-18 GHz.
In conclusion, the large-size cellular aluminum block prepared by the method has the advantages of light weight, higher specific strength, specific rigidity, good energy absorption and energy absorption, good sound insulation performance and electromagnetic shielding performance, substances in the material are harmless to human bodies and the environment, the application field is wide, the material can be recycled completely, and the environmental protection performance is high.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, numerous simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which shall be deemed to belong to the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of cellular aluminum blocks with large size and uniform pore structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
(S1) melting aluminum in a foaming crucible;
(S2) adding a foaming agent into the aluminum melt, and stirring simultaneously, wherein the foaming agent generates gas in the melt to foam the melt;
(S3) pouring the aluminum melt foam into a stainless steel mold, and filling the mold by utilizing the flowing property of the aluminum melt foam;
and (S4) cooling and solidifying the aluminum melt in the mold to form a large-size cellular aluminum block.
2. The method for preparing cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: titanium hydride or calcium carbonate is used as the foaming agent in the step (S2).
3. The method for preparing cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: when titanium hydride is used as the foaming agent in the step (S2), a tackifier, which is calcium metal particles, needs to be added to the aluminum melt in the foaming dry pot after the step (S1).
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure comprises: and (S2) when the foaming agent is added, stirring the aluminum melt by using a stirring paddle, wherein the rotating speed of the stirring paddle is 800rpm.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure comprises: when calcium carbonate powder is used as the foaming agent, metallic magnesium is added to the aluminum melt of the step (S1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110718932.XA CN115595464A (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Preparation method of cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110718932.XA CN115595464A (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Preparation method of cellular aluminum block with large size and uniform pore structure |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1381606A (en) * | 2002-01-28 | 2002-11-27 | 东南大学 | Process for preparing closed-pore foam Al-alloy |
| JP2002371327A (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2002-12-26 | Shinko Wire Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing foam metal |
| CN1546696A (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2004-11-17 | 东南大学 | Low porosity closed cell foam aluminum alloy and its preparation method |
| CN101205580A (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2008-06-25 | 东南大学 | Low-porosity aluminum-magnesium-calcium rear earth based cellular Al alloy foam and preparation thereof |
| CN103757459A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-04-30 | 河海大学 | Technology for preparing small-aperture aluminum foam without viscous melt foaming method |
-
2021
- 2021-06-28 CN CN202110718932.XA patent/CN115595464A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002371327A (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2002-12-26 | Shinko Wire Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing foam metal |
| CN1381606A (en) * | 2002-01-28 | 2002-11-27 | 东南大学 | Process for preparing closed-pore foam Al-alloy |
| CN1546696A (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2004-11-17 | 东南大学 | Low porosity closed cell foam aluminum alloy and its preparation method |
| CN101205580A (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2008-06-25 | 东南大学 | Low-porosity aluminum-magnesium-calcium rear earth based cellular Al alloy foam and preparation thereof |
| CN103757459A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-04-30 | 河海大学 | Technology for preparing small-aperture aluminum foam without viscous melt foaming method |
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Address after: 213000 No. 20, private Second Road, Luoxi Town, Xinbei District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Jiangsu Junyi Metal Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.40 Binhe North Road, Lucheng Town, Danyang City, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: Danyang Junyu Metal Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20230113 |