CN112552072A - Construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of resource regeneration and utilization of solid wastes. The building waste regeneration foamed ceramic provided by the invention is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 65.7-73.2% of engineering slag soil, 25-30% of waste glass, 0.2-1.0% of silicon carbide, 1-2% of manganese dioxide, 0.5-1.0% of tricalcium phosphate and 0.1-0.3% of sodium humate. The regenerated foamed ceramic provided by the invention takes the engineering muck as a main raw material, ensures the large use of the engineering muck, and reduces the influence of the engineering muck on the ecological environment; the regenerated foamed ceramic has excellent performance, the characteristics of light weight and high strength, uniform bubble distribution and similar pore size; according to the invention, the engineering slag soil, the waste glass and other additives are reasonably compounded, so that the firing temperature can be reduced, the sources of the raw materials are wide, and the production cost of the foamed ceramic is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of recycling of solid wastes, in particular to a construction waste recycled foamed ceramic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
According to incomplete statistics, only Shenzhen city has more than 300 projects such as municipal construction, residential construction, rail transit and the like built every year, and the discharged engineering slag soil exceeds 6000 million cubic meters. At the present stage, most of engineering muck is directly buried and disposed, a large amount of land resources and financial funds are consumed, heavy pressure is brought to works such as urban traffic and environmental protection, the circular economy is vigorously developed, and the comprehensive utilization of the municipal engineering muck is enhanced.
The foamed ceramic is a ceramic material with a large number of uniform closed pore structures formed by high-temperature sintering (usually 1150-1200 ℃), has excellent performances of light weight, high strength, fire resistance, flame retardance, heat preservation, heat insulation, fire resistance, moisture resistance, sound insulation, noise reduction and the like, and is a green environment-friendly building material in the fields of building heat-preservation walls and interior and exterior wall decoration. In the prior art, foamed ceramics are generally prepared by firing aluminum tailings, ceramic industrial polishing slag or coal solid waste serving as raw materials, and foamed ceramics prepared by taking engineering muck as a raw material are not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a recycled foamed ceramic from construction waste and a preparation method thereof. The construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic provided by the invention takes engineering residue soil as a raw material, has high utilization rate of the engineering residue soil and excellent performance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a construction waste regeneration foaming ceramic which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:
preferably, the chemical composition of the engineering muck comprises: SiO 2250～70wt％、Al2O320-35 wt% and 8-24 wt% of alkaline metal oxide; the basic metal oxide includes alkali metal oxides and alkaline earth metal oxides.
Preferably, the waste glass is ordinary glass waste.
The invention provides a preparation method of the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out ball milling, mixing and sieving on the engineering slag soil, the waste glass, the silicon carbide, the manganese dioxide, the tricalcium phosphate and the sodium humate to obtain undersize powder;
(2) placing the undersize powder in a mould for compression molding to obtain a blank body;
(3) sequentially sintering and cooling the green body to obtain the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic; the firing temperature is 1120-1140 ℃.
Preferably, the ball milling and mixing in the step (1) are carried out in a ball mill, the rotating speed of a milling barrel of the ball mill is 45-48 r/min, and the grinding particle size of the engineering slag soil, the waste glass, the silicon carbide, the manganese dioxide, the tricalcium phosphate and the sodium humate is less than 7 mm; the ball milling and mixing time is 1-2 h.
Preferably, the sieving in step (1) is 200 mesh sieving.
Preferably, aluminosilicate fiber paper is paved on the inner wall and the bottom surface of the mold in the step (2), and the aluminosilicate fiber paper has the thickness of 1mm and the refractoriness of 1260 ℃; the pressure of the pressing forming is 3-5 MPa.
Preferably, the heat preservation time of the firing in the step (3) is 30-60 min.
Preferably, the temperature raising program for raising the temperature to the firing temperature in the step (3) includes a first temperature raising stage, a second temperature raising stage and a third temperature raising stage which are sequentially performed;
in the first temperature rise stage, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 300 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-40 min;
in the second temperature rise stage, the temperature is raised from 300 ℃ to 700 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-40 min;
in the third temperature rise stage, the temperature is raised from 700 ℃ to the firing temperature;
the temperature rise rate of the first temperature rise stage is 10 ℃/min, the temperature rise rate of the second temperature rise stage is 5 ℃/min, and the temperature rise rate of the third temperature rise stage is 3 ℃/min.
Preferably, the cooling in step (3) comprises a first cooling stage and a second cooling stage which are sequentially performed;
the first cooling stage is cooled to 700-900 ℃ from the sintering temperature, and the cooling rate of the first cooling stage is 15 ℃/min;
and in the second cooling stage, the temperature is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace from 700-900 ℃.
The invention provides a construction waste regeneration foaming ceramic which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 65.7-73.2% of engineering slag soil, 25-30% of waste glass, 0.2-1.0% of silicon carbide, 1-2% of manganese dioxide, 0.5-1.0% of tricalcium phosphate and 0.1-0.3% of sodium humate. In the invention, the engineering slag soil is used as a main material, the waste glass is used as a fluxing agent, the silicon carbide and the manganese dioxide are used as foaming agents, the tricalcium phosphate is used as a foam stabilizer, and the sodium humate is used as a binder. Al in engineering slag soil2O3The content is high, the viscosity and the surface tension of a liquid phase in the firing process can be increased, and the functions of stabilizing a pore structure and increasing the compressive strength are achieved; the silicon carbide and manganese dioxide composite foaming agent can be chemically reacted with various alkaline substances in the raw materials at high temperature to generate decomposition, a large amount of gas is generated, the gas generated by continuous reaction can not be rapidly diffused out and is sealed in a sintered body, so that a large amount of closed micropores which are uniformly distributed are formed, and the silicon carbide and manganese dioxide composite foaming agent can avoid the combination of blank pores, so that the pore diameter is similar, and the gas release temperature range is enlarged. The building waste regenerated foamed ceramic provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic provided by the invention takes engineering muck as a main raw material, and the doping amount of the engineering muck is 65.7-73.2%, so that the mass use of the urban engineering muck is ensured, the influence of the engineering muck on the ecological environment is reduced, a feasible way is provided for the large-scale and high-added-value utilization of the engineering muck, and the dilemma of enclosing the engineering muck is relieved;
(2) the recycled foamed ceramic of the construction waste provided by the invention has the characteristics of excellent performance, light weight and high strength, and the volume density of the recycled foamed ceramic is 400-800 kg/m3The compression strength is 3.6-7.9 Mpa, the compression strength is high, the bubbles are uniformly distributed and have similar pore sizes, and the pore sizes of pores are 0.7-1.3 mm;
(3) according to the invention, the engineering slag soil, the waste glass and other additives are reasonably compounded, so that the firing temperature can be reduced, the sources of the raw materials are wide, and the production cost of the foamed ceramic is reduced.
The preparation method of the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic provided by the technical scheme is simple in process, easy to operate and beneficial to large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing a cross section of the recycled foamed ceramics of construction waste prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a construction waste regeneration foaming ceramic which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:
the raw materials for preparing the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic comprise, by mass, 65.7-73.2% of engineering slag soil, preferably 69-73.2%. In the present invention, the chemical composition of the engineering muck preferably includes: SiO 2250～70wt％、Al2O320-35 wt% and 8-24 wt% of alkaline metal oxide; the basic metal oxide includes alkali metal oxide and alkaline earth metal oxide; the alkali metal oxide and alkaline earth metal oxide preferably include CaO, MgO, K2O and Na2One or more of OAnd (4) seed preparation. The invention has no special requirement on the source of the engineering muck, and the engineering muck with the source known in the field can be adopted. In the invention, Al in the engineering muck2O3The content is high, the viscosity and the surface tension of a liquid phase in the firing process can be increased, and the effects of stabilizing a pore structure and increasing the compressive strength are achieved. The construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic provided by the invention takes engineering muck as a main raw material, the doping amount of the engineering muck is 65.7-73.2%, the mass use of the urban engineering muck is ensured, the influence of the engineering muck on the ecological environment is reduced, a feasible way is provided for the large-scale and high-added-value utilization of the engineering muck, and the dilemma of enclosing the engineering muck is relieved.
The raw materials for preparing the building waste regenerated foamed ceramic comprise 25-30% by mass of waste glass, and preferably 25-28%. In the present invention, the waste glass is preferably ordinary glass waste. The source of the waste glass is not particularly required in the present invention, and the waste glass from which the source is well known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the present invention, the waste glass acts as a flux.
The raw material for preparing the building waste regenerated foamed ceramic comprises, by mass, 0.2-1.0% of silicon carbide, and preferably 0.2-0.6%. The source of the silicon carbide is not particularly required in the present invention, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used.
The raw material for preparing the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic comprises 1-2% of manganese dioxide by mass percentage, and preferably 1-1.5%. The source of the manganese dioxide is not particularly limited in the present invention, and commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the invention, the manganese dioxide and the silicon carbide are used as composite foaming agents, the silicon carbide and the manganese dioxide composite foaming agents can be chemically reacted with various alkaline substances in raw materials at high temperature to generate decomposition to generate a large amount of gas, the gas generated by continuous reaction can not be rapidly diffused out and is sealed in a sintered body, so that a large amount of closed micropores uniformly distributed are formed, and the silicon carbide and manganese dioxide composite foaming agents can avoid the combination of blank pores, enable the pore sizes to be similar, and enlarge the gas release temperature range (the temperature of gas generated by the foaming agents is about 900 ℃ for manganese dioxide and about 1050 ℃ for silicon carbide).
The raw material for preparing the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic comprises, by mass, 0.5-1.0% of tricalcium phosphate, and preferably 0.5-0.8%. The source of the tricalcium phosphate is not particularly critical to the present invention and commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the present invention, the tricalcium phosphate acts as a foam stabilizer.
The raw materials for preparing the building waste regenerated foamed ceramic comprise, by mass, 0.1-0.3% of sodium humate, and preferably 0.1-0.2%. The source of the sodium humate in the present invention is not particularly limited, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the present invention, the sodium humate acts as a binder.
The construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic provided by the invention can reduce the influence of engineering muck on the ecological environment, provides a feasible way for large-scale and high-added-value utilization of the engineering muck, has excellent performance, and has the characteristics of light weight and high strength, and the volume density of the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic is 400-800 kg/m3The compression strength is 3.6-7.9 Mpa, the compression strength is high, the bubbles are uniformly distributed, and the pore sizes are close; in addition, the invention can reduce the firing temperature by reasonably compounding the engineering slag soil, the waste glass and other additives, has wide raw material sources and reduces the production cost of the foamed ceramic.
The invention provides a preparation method of the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out ball milling, mixing and sieving on the engineering slag soil, the waste glass, the silicon carbide, the manganese dioxide, the tricalcium phosphate and the sodium humate to obtain undersize powder;
(2) placing the undersize powder in a mould for compression molding to obtain a blank body;
(3) sequentially sintering and cooling the green body to obtain the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic; the firing temperature is 1120-1140 ℃.
The invention sequentially ball-milling, mixing and sieving engineering slag soil, waste glass, silicon carbide, manganese dioxide, tricalcium phosphate and sodium humate to obtain undersize powder. In the present invention, the ball milling mixing is preferably performed in a ball mill, and the ball mill of the present invention has no particular requirement, and a ball mill known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the invention, the rotation speed of a grinding cylinder of the ball mill is preferably 45-48 r/min, and the grinding particle size of the engineering slag soil, the waste glass, the silicon carbide, the manganese dioxide, the tricalcium phosphate and the sodium humate is preferably less than 7 mm; the time for ball milling and mixing is preferably 1-2 h. In the present invention, the sieving is preferably 200 mesh sieving; the invention controls the particle size of the powder under the screen to be below 200 meshes, which is beneficial to facilitating the material distribution and improving the uniformity of the product.
After the undersize powder is obtained, the undersize powder is placed in a die to be pressed and molded to obtain a blank. In the present invention, the mold is preferably a steel mold or a corundum mold; the inner wall and the bottom surface of the mold are preferably paved with aluminosilicate fiber paper, the thickness of the aluminosilicate fiber paper is preferably 1mm, and the refractoriness is preferably 1260 ℃. In the invention, the pressure of the compression molding is preferably 3-5 MPa; and (3) after a blank is obtained, preferably removing the die, and carrying out the subsequent sintering process on the blank coated with the aluminosilicate fiber paper.
After the green body is obtained, the green body is sequentially sintered and cooled to obtain the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic. In the present invention, the firing is preferably performed in a resistance furnace; the firing temperature of the firing is 1120-1140 ℃, and preferably 1130-1140 ℃; the heat preservation time of the sintering is preferably 30-60 min, and more preferably 45-60 min. In the present invention, the temperature raising program for raising the temperature to the firing temperature preferably includes a first temperature raising stage, a second temperature raising stage, and a third temperature raising stage which are performed in this order; in the first temperature rise stage, the temperature is preferably raised from room temperature to 300 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-40 min; in the second temperature rise stage, the temperature is preferably raised from 300 ℃ to 700 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-40 min; the third temperature rise stage preferably raises the temperature from 700 ℃ to the firing temperature; the temperature rise rate of the first temperature rise stage is preferably 10 ℃/min, the temperature rise rate of the second temperature rise stage is preferably 5 ℃/min, and the temperature rise rate of the third temperature rise stage is preferably 3 ℃/min.
In the invention, the first temperature rise stage is used for drying the moisture in the green body; the second temperature rise stage is used for oxidizing organic matters, decomposing carbonate and fully burning carbon in the green body, reducing the water content of a fired product and simultaneously improving the hardness and strength of the product; in the temperature rise process of the third temperature rise stage, after the temperature rises to 900 ℃, the manganese dioxide starts to generate gas under the influence of the temperature, but does not start to form a liquid phase at the moment, and the generated gas plays a role of a loosening channel and is beneficial to subsequent smooth foaming; 1050 ℃ later, under the effect of the waste glass of the fluxing agent and the sodium humate of the caking agent, the blank powder begins to be melted into a high-viscosity phase, the silicon carbide begins to generate gas, the tricalcium phosphate plays a role in stabilizing bubbles, when reaching the sintering temperature, the blank powder begins to form a ceramic phase, a large amount of generated gas forms a plurality of independent cellular structures under the wrapping of the viscous liquid phase, and finally the foamed ceramic is formed.
In the present invention, the cooling preferably comprises a first cooling stage and a second cooling stage performed in sequence; the first cooling stage is preferably cooled to 700-900 ℃ from the firing temperature, and the cooling rate of the first cooling stage is preferably 15 ℃/min; the second cooling stage is preferably furnace-cooled to room temperature from 700-900 ℃. In the invention, the temperature is rapidly reduced from the firing temperature to 700-900 ℃ in the first cooling stage, so as to ensure the integrity of the pore-bubble structure in the sintered body, avoid the defects of bubbles in the curing process and further improve the physical and chemical properties of the foamed ceramic; and cooling to 700-900 ℃, enabling the ceramic pores to be basically stable, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace in a second cooling stage, namely, adopting natural cooling, so that the cost can be saved.
The preparation method of the building waste regenerated foamed ceramic provided by the invention is simple in process, easy to operate and beneficial to large-scale production.
The construction waste recycled foamed ceramics and the method for preparing the same according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In various embodiments, the chemical composition of the engineered muck comprises: SiO 2250～70wt％、Al2O320-35 wt% and 8-24 wt% of alkaline metal oxide (including alkali metal oxide and alkaline earth metal oxide); the waste glass is common glass waste.
Example 1
The building waste regenerated foamed ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
65.7 percent of engineering slag soil, 30 percent of waste glass, 1.0 percent of silicon carbide, 2 percent of manganese dioxide, 1.0 percent of tricalcium phosphate and 0.3 percent of sodium humate.
The preparation method of the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic comprises the following specific steps:
1) ball milling: weighing engineering slag soil, waste glass, silicon carbide, manganese dioxide, tricalcium phosphate and sodium humate according to the mass percentage, and then ball-milling and mixing for 1h by using a ball mill, wherein the rotating speed of a milling cylinder of the ball mill is 48r/min, and the grinding particle size of the engineering slag soil, the waste glass, the silicon carbide, the manganese dioxide, the tricalcium phosphate and the sodium humate is less than 7 mm;
2) sieving: sieving the ball-milled powder with a 200-mesh sieve;
3) preparing a sample: placing the sieved powder into a corundum mold with the inner wall and the bottom surface paved with aluminosilicate fiber paper with the thickness of 1mm and the refractoriness of 1260 ℃, and paving and compacting (the pressing pressure is 3MPa) to obtain a blank;
4) firing: placing the blank body into a resistance furnace for firing, heating to 300 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 20 min; then heating to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 20 min; then heating to 1120 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30 min; after the sintering is finished, the temperature of the mixture is reduced to 900 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, and then the mixture is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace.
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing a cross section of the recycled foamed ceramics of construction waste obtained in example 1, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the obtained recycled foamed ceramics have uniform pore distribution and similar size.
The volume density of the construction waste recycled foamed ceramic obtained in example 1 was 417kg/m3The compressive strength is 3.6Mpa, and the pore diameter of the pores is 0.7-0.9 mm.
Example 2
The building waste regenerated foamed ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
69.45% of engineering slag soil, 27.5% of waste glass, 0.6% of silicon carbide, 1.5% of manganese dioxide, 0.75% of tricalcium phosphate and 0.2% of sodium humate.
The preparation method of the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic comprises the following specific steps:
1) ball milling: weighing engineering slag soil, waste glass, silicon carbide, manganese dioxide, tricalcium phosphate and sodium humate according to the mass percentage, and then ball-milling and mixing for 1.5 hours by using a ball mill, wherein the rotating speed of a milling cylinder of the ball mill is 48r/min, and the grinding particle size of the engineering slag soil, the waste glass, the silicon carbide, the manganese dioxide, the tricalcium phosphate and the sodium humate is less than 7 mm;
2) sieving: sieving the ball-milled powder with a 200-mesh sieve;
3) preparing a sample: placing the sieved powder into a corundum mold with the inner wall and the bottom surface paved with aluminosilicate fiber paper with the thickness of 1mm and the refractoriness of 1260 ℃, and paving and compacting (the pressing pressure is 4MPa) to obtain a blank;
4) firing: placing the blank body into a resistance furnace for firing, heating to 300 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30 min; then heating to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 30 min; then heating to 1130 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 45 min; after the sintering is finished, the temperature of the mixture is reduced to 800 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, and then the mixture is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace.
The volume density of the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic obtained in example 2 is 596kg/m3The compression strength is 5.5Mpa, the pore diameter of the pores is 0.8-1.1 mm, and the distribution is uniform.
Example 3
The building waste regenerated foamed ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
73.2 percent of engineering slag soil, 25 percent of waste glass, 0.2 percent of silicon carbide, 1 percent of manganese dioxide, 0.5 percent of tricalcium phosphate and 0.1 percent of sodium humate.
The preparation method of the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic comprises the following specific steps:
1) ball milling: weighing engineering slag soil, waste glass, silicon carbide, manganese dioxide, tricalcium phosphate and sodium humate according to the mass percentage, and then ball-milling and mixing for 2 hours by using a ball mill, wherein the rotating speed of a milling cylinder of the ball mill is 48r/min, and the grinding particle size of the engineering slag soil, the waste glass, the silicon carbide, the manganese dioxide, the tricalcium phosphate and the sodium humate is less than 7 mm;
2) sieving: sieving the ball-milled powder with a 200-mesh sieve;
3) preparing a sample: placing the sieved powder into a corundum mold with the inner wall and the bottom surface paved with aluminosilicate fiber paper with the thickness of 1mm and the refractoriness of 1260 ℃, and paving and compacting (the pressing pressure is 5MPa) to obtain a blank;
4) firing: placing the blank body into a resistance furnace for firing, heating to 300 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 40 min; heating to 700 deg.C for 40min at a heating rate of 5 deg.C/min; then heating to 1140 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 60 min; after the sintering is finished, the temperature of the mixture is reduced to 700 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, and then the mixture is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace.
The volume density of the re-construction waste green foamed ceramic obtained in example 3 was 788kg/m3The compression strength is 7.9Mpa, the pore diameter of the pores is 1.0-1.3 mm, and the distribution is uniform.
The embodiment shows that the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic provided by the invention can reduce the influence of engineering muck on the ecological environment, provides a feasible way for the massive and high-added-value utilization of the engineering muck, and has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, high compressive strength, uniform bubble distribution and similar pore size.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The construction waste regeneration foaming ceramic is characterized by being prepared from the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the construction waste regenerating foam ceramic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the engineering dregs includes: SiO 22 50～70wt％、Al2O320-35 wt% and 8-24 wt% of alkaline metal oxide; the basic metal oxide includes alkali metal oxides and alkaline earth metal oxides.
3. The construction waste recycled foamed ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the waste glass is general glass waste.
4. The method for preparing the construction waste recycled foamed ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out ball milling, mixing and sieving on the engineering slag soil, the waste glass, the silicon carbide, the manganese dioxide, the tricalcium phosphate and the sodium humate to obtain undersize powder;
(2) placing the undersize powder in a mould for compression molding to obtain a blank body;
(3) sequentially sintering and cooling the green body to obtain the construction waste regenerated foamed ceramic; the firing temperature is 1120-1140 ℃.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the ball milling and mixing in the step (1) are carried out in a ball mill, the rotation speed of a milling cylinder of the ball mill is 45-48 r/min, and the grinding particle size of the engineering muck, the waste glass, the silicon carbide, the manganese dioxide, the tricalcium phosphate and the sodium humate is less than 7 mm; the ball milling and mixing time is 1-2 h.
6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the sieving in the step (1) is 200 mesh sieving.
7. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the inner wall and the bottom surface of the mould in the step (2) are paved with aluminosilicate fiber paper, and the aluminosilicate fiber paper has the thickness of 1mm and the refractoriness of 1260 ℃; the pressure of the pressing forming is 3-5 MPa.
8. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the heat preservation time for the firing in the step (3) is 30-60 min.
9. The production method according to claim 4 or 8, wherein the temperature raising procedure of raising the temperature to the firing temperature in the step (3) includes a first temperature raising stage, a second temperature raising stage, and a third temperature raising stage which are performed in this order;
in the first temperature rise stage, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 300 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-40 min;
in the second temperature rise stage, the temperature is raised from 300 ℃ to 700 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-40 min;
in the third temperature rise stage, the temperature is raised from 700 ℃ to the firing temperature;
the temperature rise rate of the first temperature rise stage is 10 ℃/min, the temperature rise rate of the second temperature rise stage is 5 ℃/min, and the temperature rise rate of the third temperature rise stage is 3 ℃/min.
10. The production method according to claim 4, wherein the cooling in the step (3) includes a first cooling stage and a second cooling stage which are sequentially performed;
the first cooling stage is cooled to 700-900 ℃ from the sintering temperature, and the cooling rate of the first cooling stage is 15 ℃/min;
and in the second cooling stage, the temperature is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace from 700-900 ℃.
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