CN103194634B - Method for preparing foamed aluminum composite material - Google Patents
Method for preparing foamed aluminum composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103194634B CN103194634B CN201310140294.3A CN201310140294A CN103194634B CN 103194634 B CN103194634 B CN 103194634B CN 201310140294 A CN201310140294 A CN 201310140294A CN 103194634 B CN103194634 B CN 103194634B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a foamed aluminum composite material, relates to the manufacturing of alloy with open or closed pores, and specifically relates to a method for compounding dispersed embedded manganese particles and closed-pore foamed alumium. The method comprises the following steps of: smelting commercially pure alumium into alumium melt and preserving heat, tackifying the alumium melt, adding manganese particles, foaming the alumium melt with manganese and preserving heat, cooling in air so that the foamed alumium is solidified and formed, and then cooling by wind, thereby obtaining the closed-pore foamed alumium composite material high in compression strength, and high in porosity and ductile fracture finally. The method provided by the invention overcomes the shortcomings of low compression strength of the commercially pure alumium-based foamed alumium composite material prepared by the prior art and easy brittle fracture in the compression process.
Description
Technical field
Technical scheme of the present invention includes out or the manufacture of alloy of closed pore gap, specifically a kind of preparation method of foamed aluminium composite material.
Background technology
The heterogeneous material that foamed aluminium is made up of with the pore accounting for volume more than 70% matrix metal, has the performance of many uniquenesses.Foamed aluminium can be divided into Open-cell Aluminum Foam and closed-cell aluminum foam according to the connectedness in hole.Closed-cell aluminum foam has a series of premium propertiess such as proportion is little, specific rigidity is large, specific surface area is large, damping performance is good, soundproof effect is good, capability of electromagnetic shielding is high, has a wide range of applications in building, machinery, communications and transportation, aerospace and national defense industry.The nearest more than ten years, the suitability for industrialized production of foamed metal receives great concern, is particularly developed the industrialization R&D work that foamed aluminium carries out.CN102296256A discloses a kind of heat treating method improving foam aluminium alloy mechanical property, the method belong to foamed aluminium shaping after deep processing treatment process, its shortcoming existed is the increase in the production cost of foamed aluminium and restricted to the size of aluminum foam product.CN101876017A discloses a kind of preparation method of nano-ceramic particle reinforced aluminum foam matrix composite material, and the method belongs to powder metallurgy category, and its shortcoming existed is higher to the dimensional requirement of production unit and foamed aluminium composite material.CN1219089C discloses a kind of high-strength light foamed aluminium composite material and preparation method thereof, and the method belongs to hot pressing THROUGH METHOD, and its shortcoming existed is restricted to the size of production unit and foamed aluminium composite material.CN101139666A discloses a kind of method of SiC particles reinforced foamed aluminium radical composite material, the method belongs to the category of foam melt method, its shortcoming existed is that silicon-carbide particle needs to be incubated 2 hours before use at 500 DEG C, then at 800 DEG C, be incubated 3 hours, add energy consumption and production cost.Especially will in addition part, on the mechanical property that above-mentioned prior art only rests on foamed aluminium/alloy improves, the performance for foamed aluminium/alloy platform district ductile fracture improves less, this greatly limits the expansive approach of foamed aluminium composite material.This is because the intensity of foamed aluminium is very large by the impact of body material and pore structure, under same holes structural condition, the compressive strength of aluminum alloy foam is higher than business foamed pure Al, but showing as jagged brittle rupture at stress under compression-strain platform area foam aluminium alloy, business foamed pure Al then shows as smooth ductile fracture.Both wished to obtain intensity in actual applications high, and wished again to obtain the aluminum foam product showing as ductility in compressed platform district, but under equal conditions intensity is lower limits its application in structure and impact-attenuating due to business foamed pure Al.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the preparation method providing a kind of foamed aluminium composite material, a kind of employing by the method for embedded for disperse manganese particle and closed-cell aluminum foam compound, the closed-cell foam aluminum composite of obtained a kind of high compression-strength, high porosity and ductile fracture, overcoming prior art, to prepare commercially pure aluminium base foamed aluminium composite material compressive strength low, easily produces the shortcoming of brittle rupture in compression process.
The present invention solves this technical problem adopted technical scheme: a kind of preparation method of foamed aluminium composite material, and be a kind of employing by the method for embedded for disperse manganese particle and closed-cell aluminum foam compound, its step is as follows:
The first step, is cut into aluminium block by commercially pure aluminium ingot, and get 800g ~ 1000g aluminium block and put into crucible, temperature is raised to 800 DEG C by starting resistance stove, is incubated 10 ~ 20 minutes, makes the aluminium block in crucible melt and keep homogeneous temperature;
Second step, regulate the resistance furnace temperature of the first step to 700 DEG C, be incubated 10 ~ 30 minutes, the aluminium liquid bulk temperature in crucible is made to be 700 DEG C, in this aluminium liquid, add the tackifier accounting for aluminium liquid quality 0.5 ~ 5% wrapped with aluminium foil, start stirring rake simultaneously, keep mixing speed at 300 ~ 1000r/min, churning time is 2 ~ 20 minutes, and the tackifier added are uniformly dispersed;
3rd step, add in the molten aluminium that second step obtains is 80 ~ 500 object business manganese particles by the granularity accounting for aluminium liquid quality 0.1 ~ 4% that aluminium foil is wrapped in advance, start stirring rake simultaneously, maintenance mixing speed is 600 ~ 1500r/min, churning time is 1 ~ 10 minute, and the manganese particle added is evenly distributed in molten aluminium;
4th step, whipping agent titanium hydride is added in the molten aluminium that the 3rd step obtains, add-on is 0.5 ~ 3% of the molten aluminium quality that the 3rd step obtains, start stirring rake simultaneously, maintenance mixing speed is 900 ~ 2000r/min, churning time is 10 ~ 300 seconds, and stir and terminate to be incubated gained molten aluminium afterwards, soaking time is 1 ~ 10 minute;
5th step, takes out crucible from resistance furnace, and air cooling 2 ~ 20 minutes, makes foamed aluminium solidification forming, then carries out air blast cooling, and the time is 10 ~ 30 minutes, finally obtains foamed aluminium composite material product.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of foamed aluminium composite material, described business aluminium ingot is purity is mass percent 99.5% commercial-purity aluminium.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of foamed aluminium composite material, described tackifier are the one in calcium metal particle, aluminium powder, silicon-carbide particle or aluminum oxide powder.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of foamed aluminium composite material, the order number of described whipping agent titanium hydride is 300 ± 20 orders.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of foamed aluminium composite material, raw material used is all by commercially available, and equipment used is well-known in the art, and operating procedure used is that those skilled in the art grasped.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compared with prior art, the outstanding substantive distinguishing features of the inventive method is:
(1) the inventive method only need by commercial-purity aluminium melt by foam melt method through one step foaming can obtain high porosity, high compression-strength and ductile fracture containing manganese closed-cell foam aluminum composite.
(2) using manganese particle as embedding phase, disperse embeds in the aluminium base closed-cell aluminum foam of commercially pure, this composite structure has extraordinary energy-absorbing effect, (test result is shown in Fig. 2) that business foamed pure Al can not be compared, its energy-absorbing approach is more diversified than foamed pure Al, when external force is to this kind of matrix material acting, because manganese element and aluminum substrate react the Section 2 strengthening effect and solution strengthening effect produced, the microhardness and the matrix strength that improve foamed aluminium make foamed aluminium collapses upon itself and hole wall friction energy absorption ability strengthen, improve its energy absorption capability, and ensure that the ductile fracture behavior of compression process.
Compared with prior art, the significant progress of the inventive method is:
(1) yield strength of the manganese particle that obtains of the inventive method and the commercially pure aluminium base closed-cell foam aluminum composite intensity of the aluminium base closed-cell foam aluminum composite of commercially pure that will obtain much larger than prior art, have better mechanical property, yield-point will exceed about 2 ~ 3 times more than.Meanwhile, the manganese particle that the inventive method obtains and fine aluminium base closed-cell foam aluminum composite also maintain good ductile fracture behavior, and improve the stress of fluidity value corresponding to maximum energy absorbing efficiency.
(2) the inventive method utilizes the manganese particle had great prospects for development as strengthening phase, and this has just expanded the range of application of manganese particle and fine aluminium base closed-cell aluminum foam, and improve product competitiveness, what expand business foamed pure Al strengthening phase utilizes scope.
(3) the inventive method can utilize existing flux foaming equipment completely, without the need to increasing facility investment, and manganese particle low price addition is few, is the mechanical property that significantly improve foamed aluminium composite material when substantially not increasing cost, thus enhances the competitive power of product.Therefore the foamed aluminium composite material that the inventive method obtains has the prospect having more widespread use in the fields such as building.
(4) the inventive method simple process is quick, easy to operate, less demanding in process of production to equipment, and raw material sources is extensive, is convenient to realize industrialization and produces.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the photo in kind of the obtained manganese particle of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and fine aluminium base closed-cell foam aluminum composite.
Fig. 2 be the obtained manganese particle of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and fine aluminium base closed-cell foam aluminum composite in quasistatic compression is tested with the stress-strain curve comparison diagram of routine business fine aluminium base closed-cell aluminum foam.
Fig. 3 be the obtained manganese particle of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and fine aluminium base closed-cell foam aluminum composite in quasistatic compression is tested with the unit volume energy absorption curve comparison diagram of routine business fine aluminium base closed-cell aluminum foam.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The first step, be that the commercially pure aluminium ingot of mass percent 99.5% commercial-purity aluminium is cut into aluminium block by purity, get 855g aluminium block and put into crucible, temperature is raised to 800 DEG C by starting resistance stove, is incubated 15 minutes, makes the aluminium block in crucible melt and keep homogeneous temperature;
Second step, regulate the resistance furnace temperature of the first step to 700 DEG C, be incubated 15 minutes, make the aluminium liquid bulk temperature in crucible be 700 DEG C, in this aluminium liquid, add tackifier namely with the calcium metal particle accounting for aluminium liquid quality 2% that aluminium foil is wrapped, start stirring rake simultaneously, keep mixing speed at 500r/min, churning time is 8 minutes, makes the calcium metal Granular composite that adds even;
3rd step, adding in the molten aluminium that second step obtains is 100 object business manganese particles by the granularity accounting for aluminium liquid quality 0.2% that aluminium foil is wrapped in advance, and start stirring rake, maintenance mixing speed is 800r/min simultaneously, churning time is 8 minutes, and the manganese particle added is evenly distributed in molten aluminium;
4th step, be that 300 ± 20 object whipping agent titanium hydrides add in the molten aluminium that the 3rd step obtains by order number, add-on is 0.8% of the molten aluminium quality that the 3rd step obtains, start stirring rake simultaneously, maintenance mixing speed is 1200r/min, churning time is 40 seconds, and stir and terminate to be incubated gained molten aluminium afterwards, soaking time is 2 minutes;
5th step, takes out crucible from resistance furnace, and air cooling 10 minutes, makes foamed aluminium solidification forming, then carries out air blast cooling, and the time is 20 minutes, finally obtains foamed aluminium composite material product.
Fig. 1 is the photomacrograph of the manganese particle that obtains of the present embodiment and fine aluminium base closed-cell foam aluminum composite.
Fig. 2 be the manganese particle that obtains of the present embodiment and fine aluminium base closed-cell foam aluminum composite in quasistatic compression is tested with the stress-strain curve comparison diagram of fine aluminium base closed-cell aluminum foam.From then on can find out in figure, the intensity of the matrix material that the present embodiment obtains will be far longer than the intensity of conventional foamed pure Al, there is better mechanical property, yield-point and plateau stress will exceed more than 2 times, compensate for the deficiency that the intensity of conventional foamed pure Al own is low, and still maintain good plateau stress district.
Fig. 3 be the manganese particle that obtains of the present embodiment and closed-cell foam aluminum composite in quasistatic compression is tested with the unit volume energy absorption curve comparison diagram of conventional fine aluminium base closed-cell aluminum foam.From then on can find out in figure, the energy absorption performance of the matrix material that the present embodiment obtains is far away higher than the energy absorption performance of conventional foamed pure Al.
Embodiment 2
The first step, be that mass percent 99.5% commercial-purity aluminium commercially pure aluminium ingot is cut into aluminium block by purity, get 800g aluminium block and put into crucible, temperature is raised to 800 DEG C by starting resistance stove, is incubated 10 minutes, makes the aluminium block in crucible melt and keep homogeneous temperature;
Second step, regulate the resistance furnace temperature of the first step to 700 DEG C, be incubated 20 minutes, the aluminium liquid bulk temperature in crucible is made to be 700 DEG C, in this aluminium liquid, add the aluminium powder accounting for aluminium liquid quality 1.5% wrapped with aluminium foil, start stirring rake simultaneously, keep mixing speed at 600r/min, churning time is 2 minutes, and the aluminium powder added is uniformly dispersed;
3rd step, adding in the molten aluminium that second step obtains is 80 object business manganese particles by the granularity accounting for aluminium liquid quality 0.1% that aluminium foil is wrapped in advance, and start stirring rake, maintenance mixing speed is 600r/min simultaneously, churning time is 1 minute, and the manganese particle added is evenly distributed in molten aluminium;
4th step, be that 300 ± 20 object whipping agent titanium hydrides add in the molten aluminium that the 3rd step obtains by order number, add-on is 0.5% of the molten aluminium quality that the 3rd step obtains, start stirring rake simultaneously, maintenance mixing speed is 900r/min, churning time is 10 seconds, and stir and terminate to be incubated gained molten aluminium afterwards, soaking time is 1 minute;
5th step, takes out crucible from resistance furnace, and air cooling 5 minutes, makes foamed aluminium solidification forming, then carries out air blast cooling, and the time is 10 minutes, finally obtains foamed aluminium composite material product.
Embodiment 3
The first step, be that the commercially pure aluminium ingot of mass percent 99.5% commercial-purity aluminium is cut into aluminium block by purity, get 1000g aluminium block and put into crucible, temperature is raised to 800 DEG C by starting resistance stove, is incubated 20 minutes, makes the aluminium block in crucible melt and keep homogeneous temperature;
Second step, regulate the resistance furnace temperature of the first step to 700 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes, the aluminium liquid bulk temperature in crucible is made to be 700 DEG C, in this aluminium liquid, add the silicon-carbide particle accounting for aluminium liquid quality 5% wrapped with aluminium foil, start stirring rake simultaneously, keep mixing speed at 1000r/min, churning time is 20 minutes, and the silicon-carbide particle added is uniformly dispersed;
3rd step, adding in the molten aluminium that second step obtains is 500 object business manganese particles by the granularity accounting for aluminium liquid quality 4% that aluminium foil is wrapped in advance, and start stirring rake, maintenance mixing speed is 1500r/min simultaneously, churning time is 10 minutes, and the manganese particle added is evenly distributed in molten aluminium;
4th step, be that 300 ± 20 object whipping agent titanium hydrides add in the molten aluminium that the 3rd step obtains by order number, add-on is 3% of the molten aluminium quality that the 3rd step obtains, start stirring rake simultaneously, maintenance mixing speed is 2000r/min, churning time is 300 seconds, and stir and terminate to be incubated gained molten aluminium afterwards, soaking time is 10 minutes;
5th step, takes out crucible from resistance furnace, and air cooling 20 minutes, makes foamed aluminium solidification forming, then carries out air blast cooling, and the time is 30 minutes, finally obtains foamed aluminium composite material product.
Embodiment 4
The first step, be that the commercially pure aluminium ingot of mass percent 99.5% commercial-purity aluminium is cut into aluminium block by purity, get 900g aluminium block and put into crucible, temperature is raised to 800 DEG C by starting resistance stove, is incubated 15 minutes, makes the aluminium block in crucible melt and keep homogeneous temperature;
Second step, regulate the resistance furnace temperature of the first step to 700 DEG C, be incubated 20 minutes, the aluminium liquid bulk temperature in crucible is made to be 700 DEG C, in this aluminium liquid, add the aluminum oxide powder accounting for aluminium liquid quality 2.5% wrapped with aluminium foil, start stirring rake simultaneously, keep mixing speed at 650r/min, churning time is 11 minutes, and the aluminum oxide powder added is uniformly dispersed;
3rd step, adding in the molten aluminium that second step obtains is 290 object business manganese particles by the granularity accounting for aluminium liquid quality 2% that aluminium foil is wrapped in advance, and start stirring rake, maintenance mixing speed is 1100r/min simultaneously, churning time is 5 minutes, and the manganese particle added is evenly distributed in molten aluminium;
4th step, be that 300 ± 20 object whipping agent titanium hydrides add in the molten aluminium that the 3rd step obtains by order number, add-on is 1.6% of the molten aluminium quality that the 3rd step obtains, start stirring rake simultaneously, maintenance mixing speed is 1500r/min, churning time is 155 seconds, and stir and terminate to be incubated gained molten aluminium afterwards, soaking time is 5 minutes;
5th step, takes out crucible from resistance furnace, and air cooling 11 minutes, makes foamed aluminium solidification forming, then carries out air blast cooling, and the time is 20 minutes, finally obtains foamed aluminium composite material product.
In above-described embodiment, raw material used is all by commercially available, and equipment used is well-known in the art, and operating procedure used is that those skilled in the art grasped.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for foamed aluminium composite material, is characterized in that: be a kind of employing by the method for embedded for disperse manganese particle and closed-cell aluminum foam compound, its step is as follows,
The first step, is cut into aluminium block by commercially pure aluminium ingot, and get 800g ~ 1000g aluminium block and put into crucible, temperature is raised to 800 DEG C by starting resistance stove, is incubated 10 ~ 20 minutes, makes the aluminium block in crucible melt and keep homogeneous temperature;
Second step, regulate the resistance furnace temperature of the first step to 700 DEG C, be incubated 10 ~ 30 minutes, the aluminium liquid bulk temperature in crucible is made to be 700 DEG C, in this aluminium liquid, add the tackifier accounting for aluminium liquid quality 0.5 ~ 5% wrapped with aluminium foil, start stirring rake simultaneously, keep mixing speed at 300 ~ 1000r/min, churning time is 2 ~ 20 minutes, and the tackifier added are uniformly dispersed;
3rd step, add in the molten aluminium that second step obtains is 80 ~ 500 object business manganese particles by the granularity accounting for aluminium liquid quality 0.1 ~ 4% that aluminium foil is wrapped in advance, start stirring rake simultaneously, maintenance mixing speed is 600 ~ 1500r/min, churning time is 1 ~ 10 minute, and the manganese particle added is evenly distributed in molten aluminium;
4th step, whipping agent titanium hydride is added in the molten aluminium that the 3rd step obtains, add-on is 0.5 ~ 3% of the molten aluminium quality that the 3rd step obtains, start stirring rake simultaneously, maintenance mixing speed is 900 ~ 2000r/min, churning time is 10 ~ 300 seconds, and stir and terminate to be incubated gained molten aluminium afterwards, soaking time is 1 ~ 10 minute;
5th step, takes out crucible from resistance furnace, and air cooling 2 ~ 20 minutes, makes foamed aluminium solidification forming, then carries out air blast cooling, and the time is 10 ~ 30 minutes, finally obtains foamed aluminium composite material product.
2. according to the preparation method of the said a kind of foamed aluminium composite material of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described business aluminium ingot is purity is mass percent 99.5% commercial-purity aluminium.
3. according to the preparation method of the said a kind of foamed aluminium composite material of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tackifier are the one in calcium metal particle, aluminium powder, silicon-carbide particle or aluminum oxide powder.
4. according to the preparation method of the said a kind of foamed aluminium composite material of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the order number of described whipping agent titanium hydride is 300 ± 20 orders.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104390168B (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2017-09-01 | 东莞市闻誉实业有限公司 | Led lamp |
| CN104501009B (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2017-09-01 | 东莞市闻誉实业有限公司 | Light fixture |
| CN105886822A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-08-24 | 山东理工大学 | Water-cooling double-roller vertical continuous forming method of foamed aluminum plate |
| CN107217177A (en) * | 2017-05-13 | 2017-09-29 | 合肥市库仑动力安全科技有限公司 | A kind of foamed aluminium prefabricated board and attaching method thereof |
| CN108486400B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2020-05-26 | 清华大学 | Metal-based hollow sphere composite foam material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109722558A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of flux foaming preparation method of the closed-cell aluminum foam with negative poisson's ratio characteristic |
| CN109881036B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-11-10 | 河北工业大学 | Preparation method of electromagnetic shielding foamed aluminum composite material |
| CN114086019B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-08-30 | 东北大学 | Heat treatment reinforced high-strength foamed aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115029575B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-03-17 | 河北大学 | In-situ preparation method of gradient porous composite material |
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| CN1546696A (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2004-11-17 | 东南大学 | Low porosity closed cell foam aluminum alloy and its preparation method |
| CN102002607A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-04-06 | 东莞理工学院 | Method for preparing foamed aluminum by foaming melt |
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| JP4694988B2 (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2011-06-08 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Aluminum alloy foam and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN1381606A (en) * | 2002-01-28 | 2002-11-27 | 东南大学 | Process for preparing closed-pore foam Al-alloy |
| CN1546696A (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2004-11-17 | 东南大学 | Low porosity closed cell foam aluminum alloy and its preparation method |
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