CN104805324B - Method for preparing foam zinc-based material through powder metallurgic method - Google Patents
Method for preparing foam zinc-based material through powder metallurgic method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104805324B CN104805324B CN201510163987.3A CN201510163987A CN104805324B CN 104805324 B CN104805324 B CN 104805324B CN 201510163987 A CN201510163987 A CN 201510163987A CN 104805324 B CN104805324 B CN 104805324B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a foam zinc-based material through a powder metallurgic method and belongs to the field of foam metal materials. According to the method, a foaming agent is calcium carbonate, a metallic matrix is zinc powder and magnesium powder, and foaming gas is carbon monoxide generated by liquid-solid reaction between magnesium melt and calcium carbonate. The method comprises the following specific steps: after the zinc powder, magnesium powder and calcium carbonate powder are uniformly mixed, carrying out cold-pressing so as to form a precast block, carrying out heat treatment, alloying, carrying out hot-pressing for 5-60 min so as to prepare into a foamable preform, after the surface of the preform is cleaned, putting the preform into a resistance furnace for heating foaming, and finally, cooling a sample, so as to obtain the foam zinc-based material with a relatively uniform pore structure. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate, basic components are adjustable, the finished product adopts a sandwich structure, namely multiple holes are formed in the finished product, and the external part of the finished product is compact, and the foam zinc-based material has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that powder metallurgic method prepares foam Zr-based materials, belong to foam metal material
Preparation field.
Background technology
Porous metal material is new function material and the structural material of a kind of excellent performance, has the knot of uniqueness
Structure and performance.Its excellent physics, mechanics, calorifics, electricity and acoustic characteristic, it is achieved that structural material
Light multifunction, in the industry such as automobile, aviation, highway construction, building decoration and science and techniques of defence field
Have broad application prospects.At present, it is foamed aluminium to foam metal most study, next to that foam magnesium,
And the research of foam zinc is the fewest, there are some researches show, foam kirsite has good mechanical performance and the highest
Damping capacity, therefore, foam zinc can be used as damping noise reduction material, has certain development prospect.
In the numerous methods preparing foam metal, have electrodeposition process, the melt that can be used for preparing foam zinc are sent out
Bubble method, infiltration casting etc., in addition, powder metallurgic method is also one of method preparing foam metal,
Utilize the method can prepare the uniform foam metal of pore structure, it is also possible to be processed into the part of nearly finished product；
And, the matrix composition of powder metallurgic method is adjustable, can be used for the preparation of multiple matrix composition.It is presently used for
Powder metallurgic method is prepared the foaming agent of foam metal and mostly is TiH2, cost intensive and the sample aperture prepared are relatively
Greatly, and needing it is carried out pretreatment, process is sufficiently complex more.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, cost is relatively low, technique is simple to it is an object of the invention to provide one
The powder metallurgic method method of preparing foam Zr-based materials, prepared foam Zr-based materials has that aperture is little and hole
The feature being evenly distributed.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of powder metallurgic method prepares the method for foam Zr-based materials, comprises the steps:
S1, mixed powder: by zinc powder, magnesium powder and Paris white mix homogeneously, wherein zinc powder and the mass ratio of magnesium powder
For 5:5～9:1, Paris white accounts for the 1.0～5.0wt.% of zinc powder and magnesium powder gross mass；
S2, cold pressing: mixed-powder is poured in cold stamping die in bulk of colding pressing；
S3, alloying: to the briquetting Alloying Treatment 10 of step S2～20 hours at 300～420 DEG C, with
Reduce the fusing point of metallic matrix；
S4, hot pressing: at 250～370 DEG C, precast body is made in hot pressing 5～60min, improves the densification of precast body
Degree；
S5, foaming: after being cleared up by the surface smut of precast body, put into the resistance that preheating temperature is 590～660 DEG C
Heating 2～4min in stove, during this period, the foamed gas that foaming agent and melt reactive magnesium generate makes Metal Substrate
Body foamed；
S6, cooling: product is taken out from resistance furnace, natural cooling.
Preferably, the particle diameter of aforementioned zinc powder is 5 μm, and purity is analytical pure.
It is highly preferred that the particle diameter of aforementioned magnesium powder is 75～150 μm, purity ＞ 99.9%.
It is further preferred that the particle diameter of aforementioned calcium carbonate powder is 5 microns, purity ＞ 99.5%.
Further, in step s 5, being passed through protective gas in resistance furnace, described protective gas is argon,
Or be SF6With CO2Mixed gas, SF6With CO2Volume ratio be 1:99, to prevent in foaming process
Magnesium alloy and the oxygen reaction burning in air.
The foam Zr-based materials prepared as the method previously described, the porosity of material is 50.0%～80.0%,
Average pore size is 0.1～3.0mm, has that aperture is little, the uniform feature of pore size distribution.
In the prior art, when making foaming agent with metal hydride or carbonate, it is the most all to utilize foaming
The gas of agent self release is as foamed gas, and matrix composition the most directly or indirectly participates in the product of foamed gas
Raw process.And the foaming thinking of the present invention is entirely different, foaming agent is calcium carbonate, metallic matrix be zinc powder and
Magnesium powder, utilizes melt magnesium and the calcium carbonate liquid-solid reaction that at high temperature (590～660 DEG C) occur to generate an oxidation
Carbon: Mg (l)+CaCO3S produced by () → MgO (s)+CaO (s)+CO (g), gas is as foamed gas, make pre-
The pore space structure being internally formed born of the same parents' shape of body processed and expand.
The invention have benefit that: (1), the present invention use powder metallurgic method, prepare foam gold with other
The method belonged to is compared, and can be processed into the part of nearly finished size by the method, it is also possible to be processed into sandwich
The composite laminboard of formula, i.e. internal porous, outside fine and close structure；(2), the present invention uses mixed metal powder
Replacing traditional alloyed powder used by powder metallurgic method, matrix composition can be adjusted according to demand, and technique is more
Add flexibly；(3) traditional powder metallurgic method prepares multiplex TiH during foam metal2Make foaming agent, but TiH2's
Price costly, is done, with it, the sample aperture that foaming agent prepares relatively big, and is needed it is carried out pretreatment.
The present invention uses CaCO3Replace TiH2, reduce preparation cost, and the foam Zr-based materials prepared have
Aperture is little, the uniform feature of pore size distribution；(4) purpose of metallic matrix fusing point, is reduced by Alloying Treatment:
Owing under high temperature, magnesium can be at CO2Gas burns thus causes the failure of experiment, so precast body must be reduced
Fusing point, therefore in the present invention, add after magnesium in Zinc Matrix and mixed powder carried out Alloying Treatment, from
And reduce the purpose of metallic matrix fusing point.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart that the powder metallurgic method of the present invention prepares the method for foam Zr-based materials；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the foam Zr-based materials that embodiments of the invention 1 prepare；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the foam Zr-based materials that embodiments of the invention 2 prepare；
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the foam Zr-based materials that embodiments of the invention 3 prepare；
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the foam Zr-based materials that embodiments of the invention 4 prepare.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention made concrete introduction.
Shown in Fig. 1 is the powder metallurgic method of the present invention process chart of preparing the method for foam Zr-based materials,
Processing step is summarized as follows: first by a certain proportion of zinc powder, magnesium powder and Paris white mix homogeneously, then
Taking the mixed-powder of certain mass to cold pressing in bulk, after it is carried out alloying, precast body is made in hot repressing, heat
The purpose of pressure is primarily to improve the consistency of precast body, finally to precast body foamable, cooling.
Embodiment 1
By the Paris white mixing of zinc powder that mass ratio is 9:1 and magnesium powder and zinc powder and magnesium powder gross mass 1.0%
Uniformly；Weigh the mixed powder of certain mass to cold pressing in cold stamping die in bulk；The sample colded pressing is existed
Alloying Treatment 16 hours at 360 DEG C, then 330～350 DEG C, making after hot pressing 15min under 300MPa can
The precast body of foaming, and the relative density of precast body is more than 99.99%；After precast body is carried out surface cleaning,
Put it into preheating temperature to be 610～650 DEG C, be connected with thermal insulation foaming in the resistance furnace protecting gas (argon)
2～3min；After taking out the sample foamed, being cooled to, i.e. can get average pore size is 0.1～1mm, hole
Gap rate is 68.0%, pore structure uniform foam Zr-based materials, as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 2
By the Paris white mixing of zinc powder that mass ratio is 9:1 and magnesium powder and zinc powder and magnesium powder gross mass 3.0%
Uniformly；Weigh the mixed powder of certain mass to cold pressing in cold stamping die in bulk；The sample colded pressing is existed
Alloying Treatment 16 hours at 360 DEG C, then 330～350 DEG C, making after hot pressing 15min under 300MPa can
The precast body of foaming, and the relative density of precast body is more than 99.99%；After precast body is carried out surface cleaning,
Put it into preheating temperature to be 610～650 DEG C, be connected with protection gas (SF6With CO2Mixed gas) resistance
Thermal insulation foaming 2～3min in stove；After taking out the sample foamed, being cooled to, i.e. can get average pore size is
0.1～1mm, porosity is 55.3%, pore structure uniform foam Zr-based materials, as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment 3
By the Paris white mixing of zinc powder that mass ratio is 7:3 and magnesium powder and zinc powder and magnesium powder gross mass 5.0%
Uniformly；Weigh the mixed powder of certain mass to cold pressing in cold stamping die in bulk；The sample colded pressing is existed
Alloying Treatment 12 hours at 400 DEG C, then 330～345 DEG C, making after hot pressing 10min under 300MPa can
The precast body of foaming, and the relative density of precast body is more than 99.99%；After precast body is carried out surface cleaning,
Put it into thermal insulation foaming 2～4min in the resistance furnace that preheating temperature is 610～650 DEG C；Take out the sample foamed
After product, being cooled to, i.e. can get average pore size is 0.1～3mm, and porosity is 62.2%, and pore structure is equal
Even foam Zr-based materials, as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 4
By the Paris white mixing of zinc powder that mass ratio is 5:5 and magnesium powder and zinc powder and magnesium powder gross mass 5.0%
Uniformly；Weigh the mixed powder of certain mass to cold pressing in cold stamping die in bulk；The sample colded pressing is existed
Alloying Treatment 10 hours at 400 DEG C, then 290～310 DEG C, making after hot pressing 10min under 300MPa can
The precast body of foaming, and the relative density of precast body is more than 99.99%；After precast body is carried out surface cleaning,
Put it into preheating temperature to be 610～650 DEG C, be connected with thermal insulation foaming 1～3min in the resistance furnace protecting gas；Take
After going out the sample foamed, being cooled to, i.e. can get average pore size is 1～2.5mm, and porosity is 67.9%,
Pore structure uniform foam Zr-based materials, as shown in Figure 5.
To sum up, the method technique preparing foam Zr-based materials of the present invention the most easily realizes, and has selected cost relatively
Low CaCO3As foaming agent, and matrix composition can be adjusted according to demand, the foam prepared
Zr-based materials has the features such as aperture is little, pore size distribution is uniform, and has natural internal porous, outside cause
Close sandwich structure.
The ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage have more than been shown and described.The technology people of the industry
Member is it should be appreciated that above-described embodiment limits the present invention, all employing equivalents or equivalence change the most in any form
The technical scheme that the mode changed is obtained, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the method that a powder metallurgic method prepares foam Zr-based materials, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S1, mixed powder: by zinc powder, magnesium powder and Paris white mix homogeneously, wherein zinc powder is 5:5 ~ 9:1 with the mass ratio of magnesium powder, and Paris white accounts for 1.0 ~ 5.0wt.% of zinc powder and magnesium powder gross mass；The particle diameter of described zinc powder is 5 μm, and purity is analytical pure；The particle diameter of described magnesium powder is 75 ~ 150 μm, purity ＞ 99.9%；The particle diameter of described Paris white is 5 microns, purity ＞ 99.5%；
S2, cold pressing: mixed-powder is poured in cold stamping die in bulk of colding pressing；
S3, alloying: briquetting Alloying Treatment 10 ~ 20 hours to step S2 at 300 ~ 420 DEG C；
S4, hot pressing: at 250 ~ 370 DEG C, hot pressing 5 ~ 60min makes precast body；
S5, foaming: after being cleared up by the surface smut of precast body, put in the resistance furnace that preheating temperature is 590 ~ 660 DEG C and heat 2 ~ 4min, during this period metallic matrix foamed；
S6, cooling: product is taken out from resistance furnace, natural cooling.
The method that a kind of powder metallurgic method the most according to claim 1 prepares foam Zr-based materials, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S1, mixed powder: by zinc powder, magnesium powder and Paris white mix homogeneously, wherein zinc powder is 7:3 with the mass ratio of magnesium powder, and Paris white accounts for the 5.0wt.% of zinc powder and magnesium powder gross mass；
S2, cold pressing: mixed-powder is poured in cold stamping die in bulk of colding pressing；
S3, alloying: briquetting Alloying Treatment 12 hours to step S2 at 400 DEG C；
S4, hot pressing: 330 ~ 345 DEG C, hot pressing 10min makes precast body under 300MPa；
S5, foaming: after being cleared up by the surface smut of precast body, put in the resistance furnace that preheating temperature is 610 ~ 650 DEG C and heat 2 ~ 3min, during this period metallic matrix foamed；
S6, cooling: product is taken out from resistance furnace, natural cooling.
The method that a kind of powder metallurgic method the most according to claim 1 prepares foam Zr-based materials, it is characterised in that in step S5, is passed through protective gas in resistance furnace, described protective gas is argon, or is SF6With CO2Mixed gas, SF6With CO2Volume ratio be 1:99.
4. the foam Zr-based materials that the method as described in any one of claim 1-3 prepares, it is characterised in that the porosity of material is 50.0% ~ 80.0%, average pore size is 0.1 ~ 3.0mm.
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| CN107321981A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-11-07 | 河海大学 | A kind of method that powder metallurgic method prepares closed-cell foam copper-based material |
| CN113249617B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-05-24 | 东北大学 | Antibacterial degradable Zn-Cu-Ag alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114976028B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2024-05-24 | 河南超力新能源有限公司 | Composite current collector for zinc secondary battery, preparation method of composite current collector, negative plate and zinc secondary battery |
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