CN1257464A - Apparatus and method for overcladding optical fiber preform rod and optical fiber drawing method - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for overcladding optical fiber preform rod and optical fiber drawing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1257464A
CN1257464A CN98805348A CN98805348A CN1257464A CN 1257464 A CN1257464 A CN 1257464A CN 98805348 A CN98805348 A CN 98805348A CN 98805348 A CN98805348 A CN 98805348A CN 1257464 A CN1257464 A CN 1257464A
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China
Prior art keywords
glass tube
optical fiber
preform
rod
preform rod
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Granted
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CN98805348A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1116238C (en
Inventor
吴承宪
南宫基云
徐晚硕
白云出
吴庆焕
宋桂休
都文显
郑暎筹
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from KR1019970010741A external-priority patent/KR100251773B1/en
Priority claimed from KR1019970011510A external-priority patent/KR100251774B1/en
Application filed by Samsung Electronics Co Ltd filed Critical Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Publication of CN1257464A publication Critical patent/CN1257464A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/01225—Means for changing or stabilising the shape, e.g. diameter, of tubes or rods in general, e.g. collapsing
    • C03B37/01248—Means for changing or stabilising the shape, e.g. diameter, of tubes or rods in general, e.g. collapsing by collapsing without drawing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/04—Re-forming tubes or rods
    • C03B23/043—Heating devices specially adapted for re-forming tubes or rods in general, e.g. burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/04—Re-forming tubes or rods
    • C03B23/045—Tools or apparatus specially adapted for re-forming tubes or rods in general, e.g. glass lathes, chucks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/01211—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/01225—Means for changing or stabilising the shape, e.g. diameter, of tubes or rods in general, e.g. collapsing
    • C03B37/01257—Heating devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
    • C03B37/018—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD] by glass deposition on a glass substrate, e.g. by inside-, modified-, plasma-, or plasma modified- chemical vapour deposition [ICVD, MCVD, PCVD, PMCVD], i.e. by thin layer coating on the inside or outside of a glass tube or on a glass rod
    • C03B37/01807—Reactant delivery systems, e.g. reactant deposition burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
    • C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
    • C03B37/029—Furnaces therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B2205/00—Fibre drawing or extruding details
    • C03B2205/08—Sub-atmospheric pressure applied, e.g. vacuum
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)

Abstract

There are provided optical fiber rod overcladding apparatus and method, and an optical fiber drawing method. In the preform rod overcladding method, a preform rod is clamped in a top chuck and leveled, and a glass tube is mounted in a bottom chuck and leveled. The preform rod is coaxially inserted into a glass tube. Then, the glass tube is preheated by the furnace and heated by the burner until the glass tube reaches a softening point. The preform rod is completely sealed in the glass tube by sucking air in a clearance between the preform rod and the glass tube by application of a negative vacuum pressure. Thus, a preform is completed.

Description

Method and apparatus for overcladding optical fiber preform rod and optical fiber control method
Background
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a large-diameter optical fiber preform, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for overcladding an optical fiber preform rod, which preheat a glass tube with a furnace and then heat the glass tube with a hydrogen-oxygen burner to shrink the glass tube onto the preform rod, thereby reducing the time required to manufacture the preform, and to an optical fiber drawing apparatus and method, which introduce the glass tube and the preform plate into a furnace, which heats the glass tube to tightly wrap the glass tube onto the preform rod to form the preform, and which heats the preform to draw an optical fiber from the furnace.
Description of the prior art
Optical fibers are generally manufactured in two steps: the first step is to manufacture a preform rod, which is then manufactured by a tube-rod wrapping method or an overcladding method, and the second step is to melt-control an optical fiber having an outer diameter of 125 μm using the manufactured preform rod.
The prefabricated rod is manufactured by adopting an external deposition method or an internal deposition method. In outside deposition methods, e.g. VAD (vapor phase axial deposition) and CVD (outside vapor deposition) methodsUsing flame-hydrolysing chemical gases, e.g. S4Cl4Other dopants and oxygen, while supplying gas to the pre-fabricated rod, SiO, known as black ash2The particles are deposited on the preform rod from the outside. The porous preform rod is then fed into a furnace using Cl2And He gas, thereby forming a transparent preform rod. On the other hand, in the internal deposition method including the CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method and the MCVD (modified CVD) method, SiCl is supplied into one glass tube2Other dopant and oxygen, depositing a plurality of layers on the inner surface of the glass tube, heating the glass tube with the deposited plurality of layers at a high temperature, and feeding Cl into the tube2And He, and the glass tube is collapsed, thereby producing a glass rod. The MCVD method is widely used and can manufacture high-quality glass preform rods.
The MCVD and CVD methods for manufacturing optical fibers are limited to manufacturing preform rods having a diameter of about 23mm or more due to their process characteristics. To increase productivity, an overcladding method has been developed in which a glass tube is fusion bonded to a preform rod prepared by the above-described inner deposition method.
To obtain large diameter preforms, the prepared preform rod is inserted intoa large diameter glass tube, which is then tightly wrapped around the rod by heating the tube using a tube-in-rod or overcladding method, which is well known and therefore not described in detail. Such methods are disclosed in detail in U.S. patent application No. 08/292977 entitled "single mode one-shot overcladding method and apparatus" and U.S. patent No. 4820322 entitled "method and apparatus for overcladding a glass rod" by Jerry w.baumgart et al, which produces large diameter preforms using a vertical machine tool and a tube-in-rod method or overcladding method in which a preform rod is inserted into a large diameter glass tube and then the rod is heated and collapsed onto the glass tube while the pressure in the gap between the tube and rod is reduced with a vacuum machine. Another method described therein employs a zirconia induction furnace to cause the tube to shrink onto the rod during fiber drawing.
Although there is no difficulty in inserting a preform rod manufactured by the MCVD method into a glass tube having an outer diameter of 70mm and coating the rod with the glass tube, the amount of heat required for overcladding increases as the outer diameter and the thickness of the glass increase, and as a result, the overcladding speed of a burner heated from the outside is reduced. In addition, the vacuum pressure at the interface between the preform rod and the glass tube is reduced to overcome this problem, but the large negative pressure causes the concentricity and roundness of the preform cross section to be reduced.
On the other hand, the heat energy supplied from the outside can be simply increased by increasing the current supply flow rate of the oxyhydrogen burner. However, the outer surface of the glass tube becomes soft, resulting in a lower viscosity, while the inner surface thereof becomes soft relatively slowly, maintaining a predetermined viscosity. Therefore, the surface of the glass tube may be deformed by the flame pressure of the oxyhydrogen burner when the supply air flow rate is increased, or dirt particles in the burner may adhere to the surface of the large-diameter glass tube. The oxyhydrogen burner cannot sufficiently transfer heat to the surface of the glass tube due to a relatively short heating zone, resulting in an uneven temperature distribution around the glass tube. Thereby generating a non-uniform geometric shape such as an elliptical shape in the cross section of the glass tube, and the difference in viscosity of the outer and inner surfaces of the glass tube increases the damage of the micro-asperity. In addition, productivity is significantly reduced because about 2-4 hours are required to manufacture the preform.
The preform, which was then fabricated by the overcladding method, was melt-drawn under predetermined tension load and predetermined line speed conditions to produce an optical fiber having an outer diameter of 125 μm. The key of the drawing operation is to increase the linear velocity, thereby increasing the output per unit time, and the current linear velocity is usually 600-1200 m/min.
However, the above-mentioned optical fiber drawing method has a significant disadvantage in that mass production of optical fibers is impossible due to a low line speed, and a preform rod is manufactured into a preform by an overcladding method before drawing the optical fiber, thereby reducing productivity and increasing the cost of the optical fiber.
Other known methods and apparatus for making optical fiber preforms and drawing optical fibers are discussed in U.S. patent No.2980957 entitled "method and apparatus for making light guides" to j.w. hicks, Jr, which describes an apparatus and method for tightly wrapping a glass tube around a glass rod using a vertical holding device, wherein the gas between the tube and the rod is evacuated using a vacuum device. The optical fiber is then drawnin the apparatus from the molded part being manufactured. U.S. patent No. 4602926 entitled "manufacture of optical fiber" to Andrew p.harrison et al describes a method of manufacturing optical fiber by feeding rods and tubes into an oven at different speeds and monitoring the diameter of the optical fiber drawn from the oven. Hiroshi Yokota et al, entitled "method for manufacturing glass preform for optical fiber", describes a method for manufacturing a preform by tightly wrapping a tube around a rod, in which a space between the tube and the rod is filled with a gas mixture of silicon halide, a fluorine-containing compound and oxygen, and is preheated at a temperature of 500 to 1900 ℃, after the preheating step, the atmosphere in the gap is replaced with a gas mixture of a halogen-containing compound and oxygen, one end of the tube is tightly wrapped around the rod to form a tight seal, and then the tube is tightly wrapped around the rod while reducing the pressure in the gap with a vacuum evacuation device. European patent No.501429-A1, entitled "method for manufacturing an optical fiber glass preform" to Masami Ito et al, describes a process of fixing a tube and a rod on a vertical machine tool, inserting the rod into the tube, filling a gap between the tube and the rod with a halogen-containing gas and oxygen, and then tightly wrapping the tube around the rod, thereby forming an optical fiber preform.
Summary of The Invention
To solve the above-mentioned general problems, a first object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for overcladding an optical fiber preform rod, which can prevent an uneven temperature distribution around a glass tube by sufficiently transferring heat to the glass tube using a furnace having a large heating area, and can ensure roundness of a cross section of the preform by stably shrinking the glass tube on the preform rod by applying oxygen and hydrogen pressures when manufacturing the optical fiber preform.
It is a second object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for overcladding an optical fiber preform rod, which prevent the surface of the preform rod from being contaminated with dust particles using oxygen and hydrogen when manufacturing an optical fiber preform, so that a high-strength optical fiber can be manufactured.
It is a third object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for overcladding a preform rod, which can increase the shrinkage of a large-diameter glass tube by a maximum of 5 times by increasing the total heat energy when manufacturing an optical fiber preform.
It is a fourth object of the present invention to provide a method of overcladding an optical fiber preform rod, which can manufacture a preform regardless of the outer diameter of the glass tube.
It is a fifth object of the present invention to provide a method of overcladding an optical fiber preform rod, which can simply overclad the preform rod with a glass tube.
It is a sixth object of the present invention to provide a method of overcladding an optical fiber preform rod, which can increase the yield of the preform.
It is a seventh object of the present invention to provide a method of overcladding an optical fiber preform rod, which can uniformly soften a glass tube from the outer surface to the inner surface.
An eighth object of the present invention is to provide a method of overcladding an optical fiber preform rod, which can produce a high-strength preform by preventing the surface of a glass tube from being contaminated with particles generated during combustion.
It is a ninth object of the present invention to provide a method of overcladding an optical fiber preform rod which can stress relieve the interface between the preform rod and a glass tube by controlling the viscosity therebetween.
A tenth object of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber control method that can reduce the optical fiber manufacturing time.
An eleventh object of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber drawing method which can continuously draw an optical fiber without an overcladding method.
To achieve the above object, an optical fiber rod overcladding device is provided. The overwrapping device includes; vertical machine tool; chucks mounted at respective ends of the vertical machine tool; a carriage on the vertical machine for vertical movement between the two ends of the vertical machine; an oxyhydrogen burner mounted on the carriage; a furnace mounted on the carriage; a vacuum pump installed at one end of the vertical machine tool; a connection member for connecting the vacuum pump to the end of the vertical machine tool; and the controller is arranged outside the vertical machine tool and is used for controlling the vertical movement of the sliding frame, the gas flow of the oxyhydrogen burner and the rotation of the chuck. The furnace is used for preheating or heating the glass tube so as to coat the preform rod with the glass tube.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of overcladding an optical fiber preform rod is provided. In the overcladding method using the above overcladding apparatus, a preform rod is clamped on an upper chuck and adjusted, and a glass tube is mounted on a lower chuck and the glass tube is aligned so that the preform rod is coaxially inserted into the glass tube. The glass tube is preheated by a furnace and then the tube is heated by a burner until the tube softens. The preform can be formed by completely sealing the preform rod within the glass tube by applying negative vacuum pressure to draw air in the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, an optical fiber drawing method is provided. In this optical fiber drawing method, the ends of the preform rod and the glass rod are sealed, the preform rod and the glass tube are supportively held in a chuck of a transfer assembly mounted on the optical fiber drawing apparatus, and a vacuum pump is connected to the sealed ends thereof. The preform rod and the sealed end of the glass tube are aligned in the hot zone of the furnace of the fiber drawing apparatus. The glass tube is then shrunk onto the preform rod by preheating the sealed end of the preform rod with a furnace, and then the sealed end is reheated until the end softens, sealing the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube, thereby forming a preform. The optical fiber is then drawn from the preform through a furnace and the outer diameter of the drawn optical fiber is measured. The fiber is then cooled and coated with a protective resin.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention may be better understood, and the attendant advantages made apparent by reference to the following detailed description, when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the figures thereof, and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a furnace and overcladding device of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention for manufacturing an optical fiber preform;
FIG. 2 is a view showing a process of manufacturing a preform using a preform rod in the apparatus according to the first preferred embodiment of the presentinvention;
FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view of a preform made using the apparatus of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a view showing a process of manufacturing a preform in a furnace including an overcladding device of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, during which a glass forming material is injected between a preform rod and a glass tube, thereby controlling the viscosity between the preform rod and the glass tube;
fig. 5 is a view showing a process of continuously drawing an optical fiber using one furnace according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of The Preferred Embodiment
Referring to FIG. 1, a furnace and overcladding apparatus in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention has a vertical machine tool 10 including: chucks 20 and 30 for vertically supporting the glass tube 102 and the preform rod 100; a carriage 60 mounted on the vertical machine tool 10 for vertically moving the oxyhydrogen burner 40 for heating the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102 fixed to the carriage 60; a furnace 50 located below the burner 40 of the carriage 60 for heating or preheating the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102; a vacuum pump 114 connected to one end of the vertical machine tool 10 by a connector; a controller (not shown) for controlling the rotation of the glass tube 102, the vertical movement speed of the carriage 60, the gas flow rate of the burner 40, and the pressure of the vacuum pump 114, the glass tube 102 being connected to the support (transmission) tube103 chucked on the chuck 30; a power supply is connected to the furnace 50 via square copper wires 53 and cables 55 for supplying a supply voltage to the furnace 50. The components of the optical fiber preform rod overcladding device constructed as described above will be described in detail.
A guide bar 11 and a transfer device (not shown) are mounted on the vertical machine tool 10 for vertically moving the carriage 60, and top and bottom chucks 20 and 30 are disposed at opposite ends of the vertical machine tool 10. The top chuck 20 rotatably holds the preform rod 100, while the bottom chuck 30 rotatably holds the support tube 103 to which the glass tube 102 is fixed. The carriage 60 on which the burner 40 is fixed moves vertically along the guide bar 11 of the vertical machine tool 10. The furnace 50 is located below the burner 40 and the flexible ventilation duct 42 is mounted above the burner 40. That is, the duct 42, the burner 40 and the furnace 50 are integrally stacked on the carriage 60, and a controller (not shown) controls vertical movement thereof.
The furnace 50 is equipped with a graphite heat radiator which emits heat generally in the range of 2000 to 2500 c when the supply voltage of the power supply 12 is switched on. The heat is transferred by radiation to the glass tube 102 and preform rod 100 and forms a glow zone thereon. An operation unit (control panel) 54 is installed along the longitudinal axis of the furnace 50 for user operation.
The furnace 50 has a vertically long heat radiating portion having a thickness smaller than that generally used in the optical fiber drawing process to increase transmission of radiant heat as much as possible. The furnace 50 is relatively thin due to the partially reduced thickness of the lining (not shown) in the furnace 50. Using graphite or inductive zirconia (ZrO) of resistive type2) As a heat radiating body of the furnace 50. A plurality of pipes 58 are connected to the furnace 50 so as to introduce He, Ar or a mixed gas thereof (He + Ar) into the furnace 50. A cover flange 52 and conductor flanges 51a, 51b are mounted on the top and bottom of the furnace 50, respectively. The conductor flanges 51a, 51b are connected to a number of copper wires 53 to receive the supply voltage of the power supply 12 via cables 55 and are fixedly secured to the furnace 50 by engaging tie bars 56 on the corners of the furnace.
The furnace 50 heated to a high temperature is charged with the inert gas He or Ar, whereby it is possible to prevent oxidation of graphite from occurring at the outer surface of the preform rod 100 or the glass tube 102 and to make the outer surfaces of the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102 have a uniform temperature distribution because the inert gas has excellent thermal conductivity. A pyrometer 57 having a temperature sensor is installed in the body of the furnace 50 for sensing the temperature inside the furnace 50. A cooling pipe (not shown) is also provided on the furnace 50 to cool the furnace 50 heated to a high temperature.
The prefabricated rod outer cladding device is arranged in a place, the environment temperature of the place is 0-40 ℃, and the environment temperature is within 50%.
On the overcladding device thus constructed, the finished preform rod 100 is clamped on the top chuck 20 and vertically aligned. The preform rod 100 is preferably shouldered onto a handle rod of the same diameter as the preform rod 100, which is then attached to the top chuck 40. One end of the large-diameter glass tube 102 is then attached to a support tube 103, which is then fixedly mounted on the lower chuck 30 and vertically aligns the glass tube 102.
The preform rod 100, which is secured to the top chuck 20, is then moved downward under the control ofthe controller to coaxially insert the glass tube 102. The carriage 60 is moved under the control of the controller to position the hot zone of the furnace 50 at a predetermined upper portion of the glass tube 102 into which the preform rod 100 is inserted. The furnace 50 preheats a predetermined upper portion of the glass tube 102 by 10 to 30mn with an inert gas and a supplied power voltage, and simultaneously rotates the two chucks 20 and 30 under the control of the controller so that the combined preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102 are synchronously rotated at a rotation speed of 20 to 30 r/min. At the same time, the oxyhydrogen burner 40 is ignited at the initial supply gas flow rate.
When the viscosity of the preheated portion of the glass tube 102 decreases and softens, the vacuum pump 114 is used under the control of the controller to evacuate the air from the gap between the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102, thereby completely sealing the preform rod 100 within the glass tube 102. By reacting SiCl4And O2Flowing through the gap and contacting a material, such as a glass forming material, POCl4Deposited therein, whereby the stress on the interface between the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102 can be relieved. The carriage 60 is then slid downwards, increasing the flow of the gas supplied to the oxyhydrogen burner 40, the oxygen to 75l/min and the hydrogen to 150 l/min.
The carriage 60 is moved down at a slightly greater speed, i.e., increased from 1cm/min to a speed of 3-5 cm/min, whereby the glass tube 102 is entirely wrapped around the entire length of the preform rod 100. The furnace 50 was then turned off, the oxyhydrogen burner 40 was positioned around the connection between the glass tube 102 and the support tube 103, and the connection was heated to soften at an oxygen flow rate of 75l/min and a hydrogen flow rate of 150l/min for 3-5 min. Then, the top upper plate 20 is moved upward at aspeed of 1 to 3mm/min to thin the softened connecting portion.
When the outer diameter of the preform under manufacture reaches 2/3 of the entire preform diameter, the top chuck 20 is moved rapidly upward by the operating unit 54, whereby the preform tightly wrapped around the support tube 103 can be detached from the support tube 103. The finished preforms are removed from the chucks 20 and 30 and allowed to cool on a holder for a predetermined time. Thus, the external cladding operation of the prefabricated rod is completed.
The overcladding process for manufacturing a preform using the furnace and overcladding apparatus described above will now be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3A-3C. The preform rod 100 is manufactured by an outside deposition method or an inside deposition method, and the glass tube 102 is a natural quartz tube or an artificial quartz tube having an inside diameter of 10mm or more and a large outside diameter. The preform rod 100 is clamped to the top chuck 20 and aligned vertically. One end of the large-diameter glass tube 102 is connected to a support tube 103, and the support tube 103 is mounted on the lower chuck 30 and aligns the glass tube 102 vertically. As shown in fig. 2 and 3B, a gap 108 is formed between the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102.
Next, the preform rod 100 fixed to the top chuck 20 is moved downward under the control of a controller (not shown), coaxially inserting the glass tube 102. Under the control of the controller, the carriage 60 is moved so that the glow zone of the furnace 50 is positioned around a predetermined upper portion of the glass tube 102 into which the preform rod 100 is inserted. A power supply voltage is applied to the furnace 50, and an inert gas such as Ar, He or N is injected into the gap 108 at a flow rate of 5 to 10l/min while the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102 in the chucks 20 and 30 are synchronously rotated. When the surface of the glass tube 102 reaches 1700 ℃, the flow rate of oxygen is adjusted to 5l/min and the flow rate of hydrogen is adjusted to 10l/min, so that the burner 40 lowers the heating temperature thereof, and heats the surface of the glass tube 102, and at the same time, the carriage 60 is moved downward at a speed of 3-5 cm/min. Then, the inner surface of the glass tube 102 is heated by heat conducted by the outer surface thereof and the inert gas, thereby burning off the fine dust particles adhered to the inner surface thereof. The dust particles on the outer surface of preform rod 100, which is heated by the heat conducted by the inner surface and the inert gas, are also burned off.
The carriage 60 is then raised back to reposition the furnace 50 over the predetermined upper portion of the glass tube 102. The glass tube 10210 to 30min is preheated by feeding an inert gas into the furnace 50 and rotating the glass tube 102 and the preform rod 100 on the chucks 20 and 30 at a speed of 20 to 30 r/min. At this point the burner 40 above the furnace 50 was fired with a hydrogen flow of 30l/min and an oxygen flow of 15 l/min. The preform rod 100 and glass tube 102 are then formed into the configuration shown in FIG. 3B.
When the pre-heated portion of the glass tube 102 becomes less viscous and softer, the vacuum pump 114 is activated under the control of the controller to draw air out of the gap 108 between the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102 to completely seal the preform rod 100 within one end of the glass tube 102. The carriage 60 is then moved downwards at a slightly greater speed, i.e. from 1cm/min to a speed of 3-5 cm/min, while the oxygen and hydrogen flows of the burner 40 are increased to 75l/min and 150l/min, respectively, so that the glass tube 102 is wrapped around the entire length of the preform rod 100, while the tube and rod are rotated at a predetermined peripheral speed. Then,the furnace 50 was turned off, and the burner 40 was arranged along the joint portion of the glass tube 102 and the support tube 103, and heated for 3 to 5 minutes under the conditions of an oxygen flow rate of 75l/min and a hydrogen flow rate of 150l/min to soften the joint portion. When the connection portion between the support tube 103 and the glass tube 102 becomes soft, the top chuck 20 is slowly moved up at a speed of 1 to 3 mm/min. When the outer diameter of the preform being manufactured reaches 2/3 of the outer diameter of the finished preform 112, the top chuck 20 is quickly moved upward by the operating unit 54, whereby the preform 112 wrapped around the support tube 103 is completely separated from the support tube 103, and is moved to a holder to be cooled for a predetermined time. The overcladding operation is thus completed and the resulting preform 112 has the structure shown in FIG. 3C.
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates an overcladding process for making a preform in a furnace and overcladding apparatus in a second embodiment of the present invention which controls the viscosity between a preform rod and a glass tube by injecting a glass-forming material into the gap between the rod and the tube.
The preform rod 100 is manufactured by an outside deposition method or an inside deposition method, and the glass tube 102 is a natural quartz tube or an artificial quartz tube having an inner diameter of 10mm or more and a large outer diameter. The preform rod 100 is clamped to the top chuck 20 and aligned vertically. One end of the glass tube 102 is then attached to a support tube 103, the support tube 103 is mounted on the bottom chuck 30, and the glass tube 103 is then aligned vertically, leaving a gap 108 between the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102. The preform rod 100, which is secured to the top chuck 20, is then moved downward under the control of the controller to be coaxially inserted into the glass tube 102. Under the control of the controller, the carriage 60 is moved to position the hot zone of the furnace 50 around a predetermined portion of the glass tube 102 with the preform rod 100 inserted therein. A power supply voltage is applied to the furnace 50 and, as shown in fig. 4, an inert gas such as Ar, He or N is injected into the gap 108 at a flow rate of 5 to 10l/min using the movable joint 106 while the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102 are rotated with the chucks 20 and 30. When the surface of the glass tube 102 reaches 1700 ℃, the burner 40 is made to lower the heating temperature thereof, adjust the oxygen flow rate to 5l/min and the hydrogen flow rate to 10l/min, heat the surface of the glass tube 102, and move the carriage 60 downward at a speed of 3-5 cm/min. The inner surface of the glass tube 102 is then heated by heat conducted through its outer surface and the inert gas, thereby burning off the fine dust particles adhered to the inner surface thereof. Heating preform rod 100 with heat transferred from its inner surface and the inert gas may also burn off the dust particles on the outer surface of preform rod 100.
To control the viscosity at the interface between the glass tube 102 and the preform rod 100, a glass forming material 110 is combined with SiCl4Are injected into the gap 108 all at once. I.e., the mass flow controller 104 will mix SiCl4At a speed of 500mg/min, the DOCl is added4At a rate of 30mg/min, or both gas and freon or/and boron are delivered to the union 106 at a predetermined flow rate. Then the movable joint 106 leads SiCl4And glass shapeThe ingredients 110 are mixed and the mixture is fed into the gap 108.
SiCl4And the glass-forming material 110 may be combined according to the following chemical reaction formula and control the viscosity at the interface.
The chemical reaction formula is as follows:
(gas)
By heating SiCl in the gap 1084And glass forming material 110, a silicon oxide layer having a matching viscosity is slowly deposited. At this time, the surface of the glass tube 102 was heated to 1800 ℃ and the descending speed of the burner 40 was 1.5 to 2 cm/min.
Then, a predetermined portion of the glass tube 102 is preheated for 10 to 30min by supplying an inert gas into the furnace 50 while synchronously rotating the glass tube 102 and the preform rod 100 in the chucks 20 and 30 at a rotation speed of 20 to 30 r/min. At this time, the burners above the furnace 50 were ignited so that the flow rate of hydrogen was 30LPM and the flow rate of oxygen was 15 LPM.
When the preheated portion of the glass tube 102 becomes less viscous and softer, the vacuum pump 114 is activated under the control of the controller to draw air in the gap 108 between the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102, thereby completely sealing one end of the preform rod 100 within the glass tube 102. The carriage 60 is then moved downwards at a slightly greater speed, i.e. from 1cm/min to a speed of 3-5 cm/min, while the oxygen and hydrogen flows from the burners 40 are increased to 75l/min and 150l/min, respectively, so that the glass tube is shrunk over the entire length of the preform rod 100, while the rod and the tube rotate at a predetermined peripheral speed. Then, the furnace 50 was turned off, the burner 40 was disposed around the joint portion between the glass tube 102 and the support tube 103, and the joint portion was softened by heating for 3 to 5 minutes at an oxygen flow rate of 75l/min and a hydrogen flowrate of 150 l/min. When the connection part between the support tube 103 and the glass tube 102 is softened, the top chuck 20 is moved up slowly at a speed of 1 to 3mm/min to make the connection part thin. When the outer diameter of the portion of the preform being processed reaches 2/3 of the finished preform outer diameter, the top chuck 20 is rapidly moved upward by the operating unit 54, whereby the preform 112 tightly wrapped on the support rod 103 is completely separated from the support tube 103, and then transferred to a holder to be cooled for a predetermined time. This concludes the overcladding operation. In this overcladding method, the preform 112 as manufactured can absorb external impacts, and the stress on the interface of the preform rod 100 and the glass tube 102 has been relieved.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a method for continuously drawing an optical fiber using a furnace without overcladding in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention. In this optical fiber drawing method, the preform rod 158 is inserted into the glass tube 156 while being aligned vertically. The lower ends are sealed together and the combined preform rod 158 and glass tube 156 are clamped to a chuck 154 that is mounted to the transfer assembly 150 of the fiber draw apparatus.
The unsealed end of preform rod 158 and glass tube 156 are then connected to vacuum pump 152, while the sealed end is fed vertically into furnace 162, and directed at the hot zone of furnace 162. To increase thermal conductivity, the furnace 162 is fabricated from graphite. The furnace 16 is then started by turning on the power supply (not shown), and Ar gas is injected into the furnace 162 at a flow rate of about 10L/min to prevent oxidation of the graphite therein. The preform rod 158 and the sealed end of the glass tube 156 are preheated for about 20 minutes by the furnace 162 and then heated again to soften them. The transfer assembly 150, onwhich the preform rod 158 is secured, is activated while a pressure of about-700 mm Bar is applied from the vacuum pump 152 to the gap between the glass tube 156 and the preform rod 158.
The optical fiber 160 having an outer diameter of 125 μm is then drawn out from the lower portion of the furnace 162 and the contraction process is continued while the preform rod 158 and the glass tube 156 are continuously sealed by heating the glass tube in the hot region of the furnace 162 and applying a negative pressure by the vacuum pump 152. The transfer assembly 150 feeds the as yet unsealed preform rod 158 and glass tube 156 down into a furnace 162 as long as the fiber 160 is still being drawn.
The outer diameter measuring device 164 measures the diameter of the optical fiber 160 to determine whether the diameter is a predetermined value, typically 125-, and informs a diameter controller (not shown) of the measured value. The diameter controller then controls a drawing roller 172 to maintain the diameter of the optical fiber 160 at 125 μm, and the drawing roller 172 controls the tension of the optical fiber 160 under the control of the diameter controller. In order to protect the optical fiber 160 rapidly cooled in the cooler 166, the descending optical fiber 160 is coated with acrylic resin or silicone resin in the coating unit 168. The coated optical fiber 160 is cured by an ultraviolet curing unit 170 and then wound on a reel 174 by a pulling force of a pulling roller 172. Thereby ending the drawing operation of the optical fiber.
As described above, the optical fiber preform rod overcladding method and apparatus and the optical fiber drawing method of the present invention have the following advantages:
(1) since a furnace for transferring a sufficient amount of heat to the surface of the glass tube, which has a larger burning area than that of the prior art oxyhydrogen burner, isused, uneven temperature distribution on the surface of the glass tube can be prevented and the glass tube can be uniformly and stably shrunk and tightly packed;
(2) the viscosity of the preform rod and the large-diameter glass tube is the same as each other due to sufficient heat energy, thereby remarkably reducing damage of minute unevenness;
(3) the dirt of the oxyhydrogen burner in the prior art process may stain the surface of the preform rod, while the flow rates of oxygen and hydrogen are different low (i.e., 100L/min and 200L/min) so that the surface contamination thereof can be prevented. Thus, a high-strength optical fiber can be manufactured;
(4) since the surface of the large-diameter glass tube is heated by a furnace and is wrapped by the pressure of an oxyhydrogen burner, the preform can be made concentric in its cross section and have a uniform temperature distribution in the furnace;
(5) the total heat supply is greater than that of the prior art, so the wrapping speed of the glass tube is increased by 5 times to the maximum extent, and the glass tube can automatically operate, thereby obviously reducing the manufacturing time of the optical fiber;
(6) can overwrap any preform rod regardless of its size
(7) Utilize the vacuum pump to accelerate the outer bagCoating operation to make SiCl4And O2And glass forming material POCl3The flow of boron or freon through the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube may relieve stress on the interface therebetween, thereby enabling deposition of the contacted material;
(8) since the furnace of the present invention can be disposed at a position where the preform rod is installed in the optical fiber drawing apparatus, the optical fiber can be continuously drawn without an overcladding operation. As a result, the manufacturing time can be significantly reduced, and the productivity can be increased. While the invention has been shown and described with respect to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (21)

1. An overcladding device for an optical fiber rod, comprising:
vertical machine tool;
two chucks respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the vertical machine tool;
a carriage on the vertical machine for vertical movement between the two ends of the vertical machine;
an oxyhydrogen burner mounted on the carriage;
a furnace mounted on the carriage;
the vacuum pump is positioned at one end of the vertical machine tool;
a connecting piece for connecting the vacuum pump to one end of the vertical machine tool,
the controller is arranged outside the vertical machine tool and is used for controlling the vertical movement of the sliding frame, the flow of the oxyhydrogen burner and the rotation of the chuck;
wherein the furnace preheats or heats a glass tube so as to coat the preform rod with the glass tube.
2. The apparatus for overcladding an optical fiber preform rod as recited in claim 1, wherein the furnace is disposed on the carriage below the burner.
3. The apparatus forovercladding an optical fiber preform rod as recited in claim 1, wherein the furnace receives a power supply voltage from a power supply and has a heat emitter of graphite.
4. The overcladding device for an optical fiber preform rod as recited in claim 1, wherein an inert gas and nitrogen (N) are used in the furnace2) Preventing oxidation of the preform rod and the glass tube, the inert gas being one of helium (He), argon (Ar), and a mixture of helium and argon.
5. A method of overcladding an optical fiber preform rod in an optical fiber preform rod overcladding device having a vertical machine tool comprising: a top and bottom chuck; an annular oxyhydrogen burner; a furnace for heating or preheating the glass tube; and a carriage vertically movable between the two chucks; the outer cladding device is also provided with a vacuum pump which is positioned at one end part of the vertical machine tool; a connecting member connected between the vacuum pump and one of the chucks; and a controller for controlling the vertical movement of the carriage, the flow rate of the oxyhydrogen gas, and the rotation of the chuck; the method comprises the following steps:
clamping the prefabricated rod on a top chuck, and adjusting the prefabricated rod to be vertical;
connecting the glass tube to the support tube;
mounting the support tube on a bottom chuck and aligning the glass tube vertically;
moving the neck chuck downward to coaxially insert the preform rod into the glass tube;
preheating the glass tube by using a furnace, and heating the glass tube by using a burner until the glass tube reaches the softening point temperature;
the preform is completed by applying a negative vacuum pressure to evacuate air from the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube, thereby completely sealing the preform rod within the glass tube.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the preform rod is fabricated using one of an outside deposition method and an inside deposition method.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the glass tube is one of a synthetic quartz tube and a natural quartz tube.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the glass tube has an inner diameter of 10mm or more.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein the foreign substances are removed from the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube by injecting an inert gas.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein any of the above foreign substances that may adhere to the outer surface of the preform rod are removed by heat conducted from the glass tube and an inert gas.
11. The method according to claim 9, wherein the task foreign substances possibly adhering to the inner surface of the glass tube are removed by heat generated from one of the furnace and the burner and an inert gas.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein the inert gas is helium (He), argon (Ar), a mixture of helium and argon, and nitrogen (N)2) A gas of (1).
13. A method of overcladding an optical fiber preform rod in an optical fiber preform rod overcladding device having: vertical machine tool; a vacuum pump disposed at one end of the vertical machine tool; a connection member connected between the vacuum pump and one of the chucks; and a controller for controlling the vertical movement of the carriage, the flow rate of the oxyhydrogen gas, and the rotation of the chuck; the vertical machine tool includes: a top and bottom chuck; an annular oxyhydrogen burner; a furnace for heating or preheating the glass tube; and a carriage vertically movable between the two chucks, the method comprising the steps of:
clamping the prefabricated rod on a top chuck, and adjusting the prefabricated rod to be vertical;
connecting the glass tube to the support tube;
mounting the support tube on a bottom chuck and aligning the glass tube vertically;
moving the top chuck downward to coaxially insert the preform rod into the glass tube;
by mixing SiCl4And glass forming material is injected into the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube, and a silicon oxide layer having a matching viscosity is deposited in the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube while controlling the viscosity of the preform rod and the glass tube;
preheating the glass tube by using a furnace, and then heating the glass tube by using a burner until the glass tube reaches the softening point temperature;
the preform is completed by applying a negative vacuum pressure to evacuate air from the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube, thereby completely sealing the preform rod within the glass tube.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the glass forming material is POCl3A freon, and boron having a low viscosity.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein SiCl4And POCl3Is injected into the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube.
16. The method of claim 13 wherein SiCl4And POCl3And freon is injected into the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube.
17. The method of claim 13 wherein SiCl is added4And POCl3Freon and boron are injected into the gap between the preform rod and the glass tube.
18. An optical fiber drawing method comprising the steps of:
sealing one end of the prefabricated rod at one end of the glass tube;
clamping the unsealed end of the preform rod and the unsealed end of the glass tube to a chuck mounted on a transfer assembly of an optical fiber drawing apparatus;
connecting a vacuum pump to the unsealed end part of the glass tube and the prefabricated rod;
aligning the preform rod and the sealed end of the glass tube with a hot zone of a furnace on the optical fiber drawing device;
forming a preform by preheating a sealed end portion of a preform rod using a furnace, shrinking a glass tube onto the preform rod, reheating the sealed end portion until the sealed end portion becomes soft, and then removing air from a gap between the preform rod and the glass tube using a vacuum pump;
drawing an optical fiber from the preform by heating the preform using a furnace;
measuring the outer diameter of the optical fiber drawn from the furnace;
cooling the optical fiber after the measuring step;
the cooling step is followed by coating the optical fiber with a protective resin.
19. The optical fiber drawing method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the furnace is made of graphite.
20. The optical fiber drawing method as claimed in claim 19, wherein argon gas is injected into the furnace.
21. The optical fiber drawing method as claimed in claim 19, wherein the transfer assembly of the optical fiber drawing apparatus moves the preform rod and the glass tube downward whenever the optical fiber is drawn.
CN98805348A 1997-03-27 1998-03-27 Apparatus and method for overcladding optical fiber preform rod and optical fiber drawing method Expired - Fee Related CN1116238C (en)

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KR1019970010741A KR100251773B1 (en) 1997-03-27 1997-03-27 Over cladding method of manufacturing optical fiber
KR1997/10741 1997-03-27
KR1997/11510 1997-03-29
KR1019970011510A KR100251774B1 (en) 1997-03-29 1997-03-29 Method of over-cladding optical fiber preform and drawing optical fiber

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US6053013A (en) 2000-04-25
WO1998043921A1 (en) 1998-10-08
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CN1116238C (en) 2003-07-30
CA2284562C (en) 2002-08-20

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