CN1255178A - 预制屋面板件及其承重梁 - Google Patents

预制屋面板件及其承重梁 Download PDF

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CN1255178A
CN1255178A CN98804863A CN98804863A CN1255178A CN 1255178 A CN1255178 A CN 1255178A CN 98804863 A CN98804863 A CN 98804863A CN 98804863 A CN98804863 A CN 98804863A CN 1255178 A CN1255178 A CN 1255178A
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佩尔·M·O·斯文松
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Abstract

本发明述及一种预制的屋面板件(4),包括若干钢板制的纵向箱形承重梁(5),承重梁(5)的上部与一宽度近乎与梁(5)相等的承压板相联接并配置在屋面板件(4)的两侧和中间,其中,上述的承压板由一钢板(6)构成,其横断面为波形,最好是梯形。另外,还述及一种上述类型的箱形承重梁(5)。采用简便的方法,以此达到使屋面板件总高度和总重量可能降低的效果,从而可能导致预制屋面板成品件在运输和贮存期间费用明确降低。而且,最重要的是本发明的屋面板件或承重梁可以完全不用有机材料制造。

Description

预制屋面板件及其承重梁
本发明涉及一种权利要求1前序部分所述类型的预制屋面板件。
德国专利DE-A1-25 20 255介绍一种由若干构件构成的轻型建筑部件，其中屋面板和加强断面构成一整体的组件，如预制屋面板件，各组件是由直接粘合在上盖板上的至少一个空心的主型材组成，上述的上盖板制成既覆盖又承重的元件；而且在此，该盖板比上述的主型材宽并沿两纵向边延伸至主型材的外侧。
欧洲专利EP-A1-0 675 990(WO92/19826)公开一种包括钢板制的三个承重的箱形主型材的预制屋面板件，该箱形承重件的上部直接与由结构坚固的胶合板组成的承压板相联接，并且该承压板的宽度与沿屋面板件两侧和中间配置的主型材等宽。
上述已知的轻型屋面板件的共同点是：其总高度较高，这将导致在制造、贮存和运输期间，要求占用过大的空间。另外，由于满足额外的自由高将使成本额外增加，所以，屋面板件本身总高度较高，就设计和施工而言，这是极不明智的。
本发明的目的在于提供一种前序部分所述类型的改进的预制屋面板件，而且借助于简便的方法就可能降低屋面板件本身的总高度。
按照本发明的屋面板件，其特征在于：上述的承压板件是由一钢板构成，其断面形状为波形。采用简便的方法，以此实现使屋面板件的总高度和总重量可能降低，这将可能导致预制屋面板成品件在运输和贮存期间费用明显节省。而且，最重要的是本发明的屋面板件可以完全不采用任何有机材料制造。
为了进一步降低屋面板件本身的总高度，简便的方法可能是将上述箱形承重梁的底边部分从横截面看也制成波形断面。
为了使本发明屋面板件的箱形承重梁具有较好的侧向稳定性，可能恰当的方法是将上述承压钢板设置纵向折边，上述纵向折边沿着承重梁的相向的、最好是直立的两侧向下延伸。
按照本发明的屋面板件，其设计应使上述承压板的波形可以是梯形，或者该波形可以是波浪形。此外，同样的构思也适用于该梁的上述底边部分。由于梁的顶边和底边部分均为波形，对于与负载和风暴相关的向上和向下的力而言，均能实现较好的稳定性。
另外，本发明涉及一种前序部分所述类型的、例如，用于本发明屋面板件的箱形承重梁，该梁的特征在于：承压板是由一钢板组成，其断面为波形。
如果承重梁的设计使该箱形梁的底边部分断面也是波形，本发明的梁的总高度可以进一步降低。
为了更加改善本发明承重梁的承载能力和侧向稳定性，可能最好是设计成将上述承压钢板设置纵向折边，该折边沿着该梁的相向的、最好是直立的两侧向下延伸。
本发明的承重梁最好设计成上述承压板的波形为梯形。另一方案，上述承压板的波形可以是波浪形。
下文中将参照附图详述本发明，附图包括：
图1是一种与本发明屋面板件相同类型的欧洲专利EP-A1-0675 990(WO 92/19826)公开的现有预制屋面板件的透视图；
图2是采用钢板箱形承重梁的另一种现有屋面板件的局部剖视图；
图3是图1所示现有屋面板件的箱形承重梁的局部剖视图；而
图4是一种本发明屋面板件采用的承重梁的相应的局部剖视图。
与图1和3中所示屋面板2一样，本发明的屋面板件将按不同的跨度或长度L制造，就上述现有的预制屋面板件而言，该跨度或长度将在约7.2m至14.4m的范围内变化，而其总厚度相应在约0.15m至0.35m之间变化。相对于图2所示的最大宽度约13.2m而厚度为0.375m的当时已知屋面板件而言，本发明的屋面板其厚度或总高度在当时已是明显降低。
换言之，研制的目标均是通过降低由电镀钢板构成的箱形承重梁5的高度，减小该轻型预制屋面板件的总高度。根据图2所示的梁，其上翼缘是借助于纵向板条与胶合上盖板相联接；而图1和3所示的屋面板件是用具有与箱形承重梁5等宽并构成承压顶板的一附加胶合板替代上述板条。
根据一种如图4所示本发明的预制屋面板件4的实施例，采用一波形顶板6替换了上述附加的承压胶合板，如图所示，波形顶板6为梯形波形；然而就原理而言，上述的波形也可以是具有其它形状的波形，例如波浪形。
顶板6在其两侧具有折边8，该折边使顶板有优异的抗弯强度并且形成屋面板件箱形承重梁5的一种必然的侧向限位。可能可以取消图示的折边8，这就使得有可能采用梯形波形钢板，该钢板的切割只要使其外侧的水平翼缘具有正确的宽度；上述的水平翼缘与箱形承重梁的内折翼缘相接，例如借助自攻螺钉从盖板10的顶侧固定。与上述相应，图示的折边8将可能取消取承重梁的主型材的折边翼缘。
如权利要求2所述，本发明屋面板件4的承重梁5的底边部分可以设计成适当的波形，这将有可能进一步有助于减小该屋面板件的厚度。
当跨度约14m而承重梁5的宽度不变时，本发明屋面板件4的总高度或厚度可以降至约0.2m。当宽度不变而总高度为0.3m时，本发明屋面板件和其相应的承重梁可以具有长达约20m的跨度。
然而极为重要的是，本发明的屋面板件4可以完全不采用有机材料制造，也就是根本没有可以因湿度和腐烂而被损坏的有机材料。
根据如图1，2和3的现有屋面板件，通常由胶合板组成的上盖板构成一承压板，或承载结构件。按照图1和图3所示屋面板件2采用上述附加胶合板的情况也是如此，附加胶合板也构成一重要的结构件。
然而，采用本发明的屋面板件和相应承重梁，在此承重梁5本身构成一自承重的箱形梁，即在此上盖板10不作为承载结构件包括在内。
换言之，可以将承重梁5作为一独立的轻型承重梁。并且如图3右侧所示，屋面板件4可以包括若干梁5(例如相互位置与图1一致)并且在此上盖板7采用坚固的保温板成型而成，该保温板用屋面油毡或屋面薄膜覆盖。一种按照本发明所述屋面板件可以采用例如直接固定在梁5下侧的孔板向下覆盖，从而可以作为屋面结构的承载件包括在内。

Claims (10)

1.一种预制屋面板件(4)，包括若干纵向钢板制的箱形承重梁(5)，承重梁(5)上部与其宽度与该梁几乎等宽的承压板相联接并且最好配置在该屋面板件的两侧和中间，其特征在于：上述的承压板由一钢板(6)组成，其横断面是波形。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的屋面板件，其特征在于：上述箱形承重梁(5)的底边部分的横断面也是波形。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的屋面板件，其特征在于：上述的承压钢板设置纵向折边(8)，该折边沿着承重梁(5)相向的，最好是直立的两边向下延伸。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的屋面板件，其特征在于：上述承压板的波形是梯形。
5.一种如权利要求1所述的屋面板件，其特征在于：上述承压板的波形是波浪形。
6.一种如用于权利要求1所述的一屋面板件(4)的承重梁(5)，并由最好是电镀钢板的基本为箱形断面构成，而且带有一上承压板，其特征在于：所述的承压板由一钢板(6)构成，其横断面是波形。
7.一种如权利要求6所述的承重梁(5)，其特征在于：上述箱形承重梁(5)的底边部分的横断面也是波形。
8.一种如权利要求6所述的承重梁(5)，其特征在于：上述的承压钢板设置纵向折边(8)，该折边沿着承重梁(5)的相向的，最好是直立的两侧边向下延伸。
9.一种如权利要求6所述的承重梁(5)，其特征在于：上述承压板的波形是梯形。
10.一种如权利要求6所述的承重梁(5)，其特征在于：上述承压板的波形是波浪形。
CN98804863A 1997-05-06 1998-04-30 预制屋面板件及其承重梁 Expired - Fee Related CN1131362C (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105143572B (zh) * 2013-02-21 2017-09-08 皮利厄·马蒂亚斯·奥弗里特·斯文森 预制顶板件及其制造方法

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WO1998050647A1 (en) 1998-11-12
CZ297540B6 (cs) 2007-01-03
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AU7030898A (en) 1998-11-27
HUP0003653A3 (en) 2002-01-28
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CN1131362C (zh) 2003-12-17
DK0980456T3 (da) 2002-10-14
DE69806594D1 (de) 2002-08-22
NO995441D0 (no) 1999-11-05
EP0980456B1 (en) 2002-07-17
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US6321504B1 (en) 2001-11-27
PL196632B1 (pl) 2008-01-31

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