Since the seventies, insecticide more and more is familiar with by the mankind the harm that environment causes.All seeking the unlikely harm that causes environment of a kind of insecticide all over the world, again pest control effectively.Find at present insect pheromone in control of insect because environment is not caused any harm, its application enlarges day by day, as document 1: Ruide prestige etc., 1990, be used for the control behavior material that insect is administered, Er Dike company of Marsec, New York (Ridgway et al, 1990, Behavuormodifying chemicals for insect management, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York).At first it can be used in the counterweight major pest and monitors, thereby certain insect is controlled at before it causes harm.Also can it be used for directly control by mass trapping and mating interference method.When using in the field, pheromone need be attached on a kind of carrier usually.This carrier is had 2 requirements: 1. want can with pheromone evenly effectively bulk storage to atmosphere.2. to pheromone suitable protection can be arranged, make it to be difficult for being degraded by envirment factor such as light, oxygen or other chemokines.Therefore selection suitable carriers material was crucial when efficient and lasting effect insect sex pheromone lured core in preparation.The most normally used a kind of core carrier that lures is the rubber stopper that natural rubber is made at present, as document 2: the cloth top grade, insect sex pheromone: alcohols and the acetate esters bulk storage speed on the natural rubber carrier, chemiecology, 1981,7:627-633 (Bulteretal, Insect sexpheromone:Evaporation rates of alcohols and acetates from natural rubber septa.J.Chem.Ecol., 1981,7:627-633).This carrier can provide effective protection and chemical stability to alcohol, aldehyde, ester pheromone composition saturated and that contain the monoene structure.Yet another kind of insect pheromone is the conjugated diene compound by certain configuration to be constituted.This compounds the carrier of doing with natural rubber combine lure core to use in the field time be easy to change into other isomer of non-activity, this conversion is called as isomerization.The isomerization of this class pheromone is used to the field and brought adverse influence: after the first generation isomerization, the content of pheromone can descend in large quantities in luring core, thereby causes luring the active decline of moth; It two is that these isomer can become the inhibitor of pheromone sometimes, so more can make the field lure that moth is active to descend.For example dendrolimus punctatus sex pheromone is by along 5, anti-7-Pherocon CM, along 5, and anti-7-12 carbon diene acetic acid esters and along 5, anti-7-12 carbon two acid allyl esters constitute.It is the only remaining original 20%-26% of the pheromone that lures core cis-trans configurations after last 16 day of carrier that these pheromone compositions infiltrate with the natural rubber; the non-pheromone component content of anti-suitable, suitable genial anti-configuration has then risen greatly; as document 3: Jing Huirong etc.; several rubber carriers are to the isomerized influence of sex pheromone of geometric configuration; the insect journal; 1996,39:126-131.Though the isomerization speed of three kinds of pheromone compositions of above-mentioned pine caterpillars on silicon rubber is very slow, lure core usually can make the field lure the active decline of moth as pheromone owing to its bulk storage characteristic is not good with it.
Though the natural rubber carrier be well suited for making saturated or monoene structure alcohol, aldehyde and ester pheromone composition lure core, its bulk storage performance still awaits improving.Particularly the pheromone that is used for pest forecast work in making lures core.In this application, require to lure in the core pheromone can adult take place preceding, in and the later stage close bulk storage speed is all arranged, thereby make lure core lure worm efficient to be consistent or approaching.Natural rubber has higher permeability than chlorinated scoline (a kind of asynthetic rubber), thereby pheromone volatilizees comparatively fast therein.This will influence the service life that pheromone lures core.The bulk storage speed of utilizing compounded rubber (natural rubber adds neoprene rubber) to make carrier can suitably to reduce pheromone (under this bulk storage speed, be unlikely influence and lure the moth that lures of core to render a service), thus the service life that lures core can be prolonged.But this actually lure the core carrier to improve or prolong the service life that lures core await to carry out field and laboratory test.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective in the above-mentioned prior art, promptly when using natural rubber to make carrier, isomerization takes place and degrades in conjugated diene compound easily, makes to lure the worm effect to descend.In order to provide a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE rubber carrier to make this class pheromone lure core to keep efficiently holding effect, it lures the worm effect can keep 30-40 days.Make monoene compound pheromone lure the lasting period of core to bring up to more than 30 days by 10 days.Can not cause any harm when being used for control of insect, be applicable to observing and predicting and preventing and treating of various insects such as pine tag insects, cotton boll insects and corn borer class environment.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The insect sex pheromone of doing carrier with compounded rubber provided by the invention lures core, earlier insect pheromone or monoene compound insect pheromone with conjugated diene compound is mixed with the 5-20mg/ml hexane solution.Then the 20-50 microlitre is added drop-wise on the partition on the cuff formula compounded rubber carrier and forms.
The proportioning of its compounded rubber: 30-70% chlorinated scoline+70-30% natural rubber;
Wherein dendrolimus punctatus sex pheromone comprises:
Along 5, anti-7-Pherocon CM 60%-38%
Along 5, anti-7-12 carbon diene acetic acid esters 52%-27%
Along 5, anti-7-12 carbon two acid allyl ester 20%-10%
Three kinds of compositions (its stereoisomeric purity is 50-90%) are dissolved in wiring solution-forming in the hexane according to the above ratio.
Cotton bollworm sex pheromone comprises: 97% along 11-hexadecenal and 3% suitable 9-hexadecenal, wherein also comprises the antioxidant 2 that adds insect sex pheromone gross weight 5%, the 6-d-tert-butyl-p-cresol.
Corn borer sex pheromone comprises: 53% along 12-14 carbon acetic acid esters and 47% anti-12-tetradecene acetic acid esters.
Sex pheromone of the present invention lures the preparation process of core as follows: lure core carrier, cuff formula compounded rubber carrier and flat panel silicon rubber carrier to clean three times with 95% ethanol anti-mouthful of formula natural rubber earlier.After treating ethanol evaporation then, insect sex pheromone hexane solution 20-50 microlitre is dripped on natural rubber, compounded rubber or silicon rubber carrier.After treating the hexane evaporation, add 2 * 100 microlitre carrene again.Treat after the carrene evaporation core that lures of various different carriers is sealed in respectively in the pouch that the aluminium pool makes, and be stored under-20 ℃ of conditions standby.
The purposes that the insect property of doing carrier with compounded rubber provided by the invention swashs the core that lures outward comprises:
1. be used for the worm monitoring forecast:
The compounded rubber that the present invention uses is made vulcanizing agent with phenolic resin, thereby sulfur content is zero, so conjugated diene (comprising dendrolimus punctatus sex pheromone) sex pheromone isomerisation degree on this carrier is very light.Chlorinated butyl content is 30-70% (all the other are natural rubber) in this rubber simultaneously, and this has just reduced the bulk storage speed of pheromone on it.The natural rubber moisture-vapor transmission is 1596.89 (units: 10
-3G/cm
2And chlorinated scoline only is 7.75 (24 ℃) .h).Two kinds of rubber ratio are that moisture-vapor transmission is 232.56 (rubber industry handbook, Chemical Industry Press, 1990) under 1: 1 the situation.As seen use compounded rubber can make pheromone bulk storage speed drop to suitable degree, thereby can make lure in the core pheromone recoverable amount in, after lure the worm phase still higher, utilize the characteristic of the even release of insect sex pheromone in compounded rubber, thereby make with the compounded rubber to be that the pheromone of carrier lures core can keep higher lure moth effect and long luring the moth phase.Owing to thisly lure moth effect and performance to be applicable to lure core to be applied in the observing and predicting of insect compounded rubber.Use such core that lures and be unlikely the actual moth amount that can accurately not react the field owing to its phase before, during and after luring moth lures the difference of moth performance.
2. be used for a large amount of insect trapping controls
Because the dendrolimus punctatus of compounded rubber carrier lures core to lure the worm performance than what other kind carrier lured that core has efficiently, holds an effect,, can receive better control efficiency so a large amount of trappings that it is used for this insect prevent and treat.Simultaneously can accomplish to save can not kill and wound pest natural enemy by expenses for prevention and control, can not cause environmental pollution.Simultaneously the sex pheromone of other pine caterpillars such as dendrolimus tabulaeformis, dendrolimus spectabilis also is made up of conjugated diene compound, thus utilize the compounded rubber carrier lure core to prevent and treat these insects also can to receive better control efficiency equally.
Cotton bollworm is the primary pest in China cotton region.The cotton bollworm that compounded rubber is made lures core to be used for trapping and killing in a large number to prevent and treat making control efficiency more outstanding.The natural rubber that at present is used to prevent and treat in China cotton region lures core to lure the worm effect to lure core not as good as compounded rubber in the adult later stage, and this just makes a part of male moth be survived and can increase insect population of future generation.Use compounded rubber to lure core will change this situation.
Corn borer is the primary pest of China's corn.The core made from compounded rubber that lures can improve the trapping effect that lures the worm later stage.This will further reduce follow-on insect population, reach the better purpose of preventing and treating.
The invention has the advantages that:
Compounded rubber is made up of chlorinated scoline and natural rubber.This rubber is made vulcanizing agent with phenolic resin, so sulfur content is zero.And contain 0.81% sulphur in the natural rubber, and sulphur is isomerized catalyzer, thereby when using in the field, the compound that contains conjugated diene lures in the core isomerisation degree low significantly at compounded rubber.Moreover the compounded rubber air penetrability of being made up of neoprene and natural rubber is low than natural rubber, thereby pheromone is low in the rate of release of this rubber carrier than natural rubber.In use promptly, to lure core than natural rubber be high to the recoverable amount of later stage pheromone in luring core.Owing to above-mentioned two kinds of reasons, compounded rubber lure the moth activity to be higher than natural rubber far away to lure core.With silicon rubber be the luring in the core of carrier, though the isomerisation degree of pheromone is low than natural rubber, but pheromone this lure the rate of release in the core even be higher than natural rubber lure core, more be higher than compounded rubber and lure core thereby lure the moth activity only to lure core suitable with natural rubber, its lasting effect also only is equivalent to natural rubber and lures core.The cost of silicon rubber will be higher than natural rubber, so silicon rubber lures core without any practical value.
1. the dendrolimus punctatus sex pheromone made from different carriers lures the core trapping test to show, it is more than the twice of natural rubber or silicon rubber that compounded rubber lures total induced moth number of core.Natural rubber and silicon rubber all can not lure adult again after 7 days, and compounded rubber lures core at whole 19 day experimental period, comprises that the middle and later periods can both lure male moth.Lab analysis shows that luring the isomerisation degree of pheromone three components in the core to be lower than natural rubber greatly at compounded rubber lures core.Simultaneously compounded rubber lure in the core pheromone bulk storage speed before, during and after the phase more even, promptly the middle and later periods lures and still can maintain heavy dose of pheromone in the core, thus the lasting effect that lures core than natural rubber for long.
2. all be better than the natural rubber that in the past used significantly owing to compounded rubber lures the efficient and lasting effect of core, and cost is not too high, thereby is suitable in the monitoring of dendrolimus punctatus.The dendrolimus punctatus pheromone stereoisomeric purity that adopts among the present invention is about 70%, thereby lures the cost of core to be lower than the high-purity pheromone to lure core.Such monitoring that lures core to be used for pine caterpillars in Anhui Province at present.
Since the present invention lure core efficient, hold the effect characteristics, also be applicable in the trapping control of insect.Promptly in, under the low insect density, the usability pheromone lures core to trap and kill in a large number, makes that insect is unlikely to cause disaster, Pest Control causes harm within economic injury level.
The compounded rubber cotton bollworm of making lure core and corn borer lure core early stage (before 5 days) lure that moth effect and natural rubber make lure the core no significant difference, yet since the compounded rubber carrier discharge drug effect slowly and persistence good, in later 11 days compounded rubber lure core lure that the worm effect is higher than always just that natural rubber lures core lure the worm effect.
4. because the characteristic of the even release of above-mentioned pheromone in compounded rubber, thereby make with the compounded rubber to be that the pheromone of carrier lures core to comprise that the core that lures of cotton bollworm and corn borer can keep higher lure moth effect and long luring the moth phase.Thisly lure moth effect and performance to be specially adapted to lure core to be applied to observing and predicting of these two kinds of insects the compounded rubber and prevent and treat.
The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Embodiment 1
Carried out in masson pine forest zone, Xuanzhou City Mt. Jingting, Anhui Province on May 15th, 1997 to June 2 is that the pheromone of carrier lures core to lure the test of dendrolimus punctatus moth with the different materials.Three kinds of composition chemical purities of pheromone are more than 97%.Stereoisomeric purity along 5, anti-7-Pherocon CM is 77%; Along 5, anti-7-12 carbon diene acetic acid esters are 70%; Along 5, anti-7-12 carbon two acid allyl esters are 58%.Above-mentioned three kinds of compositions are dissolved in the hexane in 47%: 39%: 14% ratio, and its concentration is 17.9mg/ml, get 28 μ l mixed solutions then and click and enter that (the natural rubber carrier is anti-mouthful formula, and the fossaperturate diameter is 7mm, is 9mm deeply in the recess of different carriers; The compounded rubber carrier is the cuff formula, and the fossaperturate diameter is 6mm, and the degree of depth is 10mm; The silicon rubber carrier is to make with the square rubber slab of 10 * 10mm, and its thickness is 4mm, and the fossaperturate diameter is 6mm, and the degree of depth is 2mm).To lure core to be stored in-20 ℃ after the solvent evaporates locates standby.When insect-killing trapping, luring core to be placed in 42cm * 22cm ship shape viscose glue trapper, trapper is hung on apart from ground on 1.5 meters the pine tree apart from 1cm place, glue face top.Every kind lures core that six repetitions are arranged, observe every day, numeration once, trapper changed the position once again in per three days.Experimental period, continue 19 days altogether.The results are shown in Figure-1.Be luring core it luring the moth total amount to lure core to exceed more than a times than natural rubber or silicon rubber of carrier as can be known with the compounded rubber by the result.It is to be noted that especially compounded rubber lures core in the test later stage, still can lure a small amount of male moth under the rare situation of moth amount, and other two kinds lure core to lure less than male moth.Illustrate that compounded rubber lures the lasting period of core long.The used core that lures in field is shown that through the capillary column gas chromatographic analysis natural rubber lures in the core the existing 70-87% of three kinds of pheromone compositions to become other isomer of non-activity.And only have 12-16% to become other isomer in the compounded rubber.Compounded rubber after 19 days use lures 4 times as natural rubber of pheromone in the core and content of isomer thereof.After using in 19 days, the natural rubber that compounded rubber lures pheromone three component contents in the core to should be after the use lures more than 10 times of core according to above-mentioned two kinds of data inferences.Thereby efficient, the long-acting moth activity that lures that lures core to show of this rubber carrier is inevitable.
Embodiment 2
On July 17th, 1997 to the cotton bollworm sex pheromone that carried out in Henan Province August 1 lures the core test.Sex pheromone is to form along 11-hexadecenal (97%) with along 9-hexadecenal (3%), and purity is 96%.Its dosage contains 2mg sex pheromone for each lures core, adds the antioxidant BHT (2, the 6-d-tert-butyl-p-cresol) of 5% (with the ratio of pheromone quantity) in addition.The lure core made by above-mentioned pheromone composition show through 16 days field trial, and preceding 4 days natural rubber lures core and compounded rubber to lure very approaching of core (being three repetitions) induced moth number, and compounded rubber lures the induced moth number of core more and more later on, shown in figure-2.
In the trapping test of cotton bollworm, though isomerization does not take place in the pheromone of being made up of the monoene compound on natural rubber and carrier, yet the rate of release of pheromone on natural rubber is too fast, thereby in the intermediary and later stages of trapping test, pheromone lures content in the core significantly to be lower than compounded rubber to lure core this.Thereby lure core to still have at the intermediary and later stages compounded rubber to lure the moth performance preferably.
Embodiment 3
Having carried out on July 17th, 1997 to August 8 with natural rubber and compounded rubber is that the corn borer sex pheromone of carrier lures the core field to lure the comparison of moth activity.Corn borer sex pheromone twenty percent is divided into along 12-tetradecene acetic acid esters (53%) and anti-12-tetradecene acetic acid esters (47%), and purity is 98%.Dosage is that 100 μ g/ lure core.The field result is shown in figure-3.The accumulation induced moth number of compounded rubber more and more is higher than natural rubber gradually and lures core (being five repetitions) after the 9th day.Can inference from this result, no matter be that cotton bollworm or corn borer sex pheromone lure at compounded rubber rate of release slowly and is uniformly arranged in the core, thereby luring the moth later stage to still have higher activity that its accumulation induced moth number also lures core greater than natural rubber.
Embodiment 4
The dendrolimus punctatus that has carried out following different materials on July 12nd, 1998 to August 12 in masson pine forest zone, Pingyue County, Guangxi and be carrier lures the trapping test of core.Pheromone three component ratios are along 5, anti-7-Pherocon CM: along 5, and anti-7-12 carbon diene acetic acid esters: along 5, anti-7-12 carbon two acid allyl esters=40%: 50%: 10%.The method that other preparation lures core and trapper and embodiment 1 mutually 111 with.Trapper hangs on the tree crown portion according to ground 4-6 rice, and every kind lures six repetitions of core.Observed numeration once in per 5 days.Experimental period, continue 30 days altogether.The results are shown in Figure 4.By the result as can be known, be that the total induced moth number that lures core of carrier still lures core to exceed more than one times than natural rubber with the compounded rubber.It is to change in 5 days once newly to lure core that compounded rubber lures 1 group in core, and 2 groups in 30 days always with the former core that lures.These two groups of accumulative totals in per stage lure the worm effect similar.Therefore the lasting period of compounded rubber was at least 30 days.