CN1247698A - Application of anti-herbicide gene in utilization of heterosis - Google Patents
Application of anti-herbicide gene in utilization of heterosis Download PDFInfo
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- CN1247698A CN1247698A CN 98119305 CN98119305A CN1247698A CN 1247698 A CN1247698 A CN 1247698A CN 98119305 CN98119305 CN 98119305 CN 98119305 A CN98119305 A CN 98119305A CN 1247698 A CN1247698 A CN 1247698A
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Abstract
Millet is used as model crop for application of anti-herbicide gene in utilization of heterosis. The present invention breeds restoring line carrying dominant anti-herbicide gene, which facilitates elimination of false hybrid, non-destination hybrid and weed by applying herbicide during application; sterile line carrying recessive anti-herbicide gene which facilitate elimination of mixed plants and weed; and sterile line carrying cytoplasmic anti-herbicide gene which makes it possible to raise fructification rate and yield through mixed plantation with the restoring line and facilitates elimination of restoring line, mixed plants and weed by applying herbicide during application. The said technological methods may be applidd alone or in combination.
Description
The present invention utilizes anti-herbicide gene to improve the method that crop heterosis utilizes level, belongs to agricultural biotechnologies breeding research field.
The weed killer herbicide weeding has become current farmland and has controlled weeds effectively, improves crop yield and quality, the basic measures that developing agricultural is produced.The development of breeding technique in recent years, particularly cell engineering, genetic engineering breeding make some crops to herbicide sensitive have the characteristic of antiweed with combining of conventional breeding, further enlarged the scope of application of weed killer herbicide, the use and the modern agriculture of weed killer herbicide are closely connected together.The present patent application people has launched the research of crop antiweed resource acquisitions such as millet, wheat, rape, innovation, comprehensive utilization aspect since the nineties, has obtained tangible progress.The present invention is to be model with millet, on the basis of breeding the antiweed new germ plasm, widens and utilizes anti-herbicide gene to improve the method that crop heterosis utilizes level.
Millet is traditional in the world grain, raise, careless dual-purpose crop, and plantation is all arranged all over the world, mainly is distributed in ground such as Asia, Europe.Millet is the northern China important crops first of the cultivated area of China, the gross output Jun Ju world.Anti-lean, the wide adaptability of millet drought resisting, the anti-storage of seed, scarcity along with global water resource, people pay attention to day by day to dry farming, German millet nutrition is worth high, good palatability in addition, to regulating the effect that rational diet structure can play positive important, these all make millet production present the growth momentum that makes new advances.Making full use of that hybrid vigour improves its output and simplify its cultivation program with the weed killer herbicide weeding will be to develop millet production important techniques deposit 21 century in earlier stage.
At first, utilizing hybrid vigour is to improve crop yield and quality one of valid approach the most.China millet heterosis utilization aspect is in rank first always, particularly under the subsidy of " the Seventh Five-Year Plan ", " eight or five " national Program for Tackling Key Problems, breeds the sterile and Fertile material (Hu Hongkai etc. 1986,1992 " Acta Agronomica Sinica " of a collection of preciousness; Wang Tianyu etc. 1991 " Hebei agricultural university journal ", 1994 " Scientia Agricultura Sinicas "; Zhao Zhihai etc. 1996 " Scientia Agricultura Sinica ").Application facet has been bred the recessive height of nuclear male sterile two-purpose line (sterile plant rate 100%, sterile degree 95%), this male sterile line genetic background is simpler, easily transformation, easily recover, with recover height two-line male sterile hybrid yield height, the quality better that system is prepared, the pseudostationary (male sterile line) that is mingled with in the hybrid that obtains for the production of hybrid seeds but remove according to indication trait (seedling look) seedling stage, this approach partly makes up and enters the application stage by the provinces and regions examination.But, the production of hybrid seeds, numerous all quality can't guarantee, the hybrid that enters height male sterile line preparation after the production practices large-area applications shows true hybrid rate not high (only being 40-80% usually), the land for growing field crops utilizes indication trait removal in seedling stage pseudostationary difficulty, more increased the difficulty of cultivation millet, the extensive popularization of this heterosis utilization technology is restricted.In addition, make a general survey of present millet and other crops, other form heterosis utilization research and development, as light (temperature) quick sterile, three be, hybrid purity that hybrid that dominance nuclear is done all kinds male sterile line preparation such as sterile, that chemical emasculation is sterile mutually also causes the land for growing field crops to use because of reasons such as the influence of the purity of itself male sterile line, weather conditions, non-standardization operation, mechanical admixtures easily reduces, and causes producing the level reduction that the hybrid vigour of utilizing hybrid improves crop yield and quality.Moreover; because the common pollen amount of self pollination crop is little; the propagation distance of pollen is relatively very little; to plant the hybrid ripening rate at interval low with recovering system for present seed farm male sterile line; also influence seed quality; even add that the artificial supplementary pollination effect is also undesirable, seed production quality and benefit raising are restricted.Therefore kept the male sterile line quality, improving true hybrid rate and true hybrid yield and seeking the simple and easy method of rejecting pseudostationary is to make good use of heterotic key problem in technology with assurance hybrid population purity.
Secondly, the millet cultivation management is taken a lot of work, labour intensity is big, its two-story valley field weeding is a big world property difficult problem of obstacle millet production development always, mainly show: 1, existing millet variety does not have the ability of antiweed, so far millet produces and still relies on heavy handwork weeding thinning, and is time-consuming, is difficult to carry out the plantation of intensification scale; 2, paddy Tanaka weeds kind is many, and quantity is big, and some nearly edge wild species weeds also are difficult to identification seedling stage, and are all very big to millet output, quality influence, generally can cause underproduction 20-30%, when part continuous cropping paddy field is serious even cause total crop failure; 3, the little and many weed seeds of millet seed grain are similar, and difficulty is cleaned in processing, and seed quality is difficult to guarantee, has quickened the degeneration that mixes of new popularization improved seeds, and its application life is shortened, and has greatly reduced the benefit of utilizing of improved seeds; 4, intensive agriculture development, the amount of application of weed killer herbicide heightens, and the residual and drift that is used in the weed killer herbicide of first crop or contiguous other crop works the mischief often to millet, and this situation and modern agriculture are extremely incompatible, are seriously restricting the development that world millet produces.
In order to solve this difficult problem of paddy field weeding, more domestic and international scholars had once carried out millet antiweed kind or had been suitable for the screening operation of the weed killer herbicide of millet use, the anti-source of tool not in the regrettably existing MILLET GERMPLASM RESOURCES RESISTANT only finds that indivedual kinds have certain patience to indivedual weed killer herbicides.Backward adopts method to the little low dosage weed killer herbicide weeding of millet damage, and not only effect is not good enough, and the also bad grasp of peasant has certain distance (" Chinese millet cultivation ", agriculture publishing house, front page) with practical application.In order to change this situation, the present patent application people has adopted the technology path of initiative antiweed new varieties to solve this difficult problem.Through effort in a few years, the present patent application people successfully transfers to antiweed " Sethoxydin ", " trefanocide " and " atrazine " gene the cultivated species millet from nearly edge wild species, having obtained resistant gene expresses fully, genetics of resistance is stable, resistance capacity is strong, economical character is good, the millet new germ plasm of monoclonal antibody or anti-again these three kinds of weed killer herbicides.Genetic research shows that these three kinds of antiweed characteristics are subjected to a pair of nuclear dominant gene, two couples of main control (Wang T.et al 1996.Euphytica of imitating nuclear recessive gene and cytoplasm chloroplast gene respectively, Wang T.et al 1996.J.Heridity, WangT.et al 1995.Herbicide Resistance in Crops), these work are that the research and the utilization of millet anti-herbicide gene laid a good foundation.
Technology of the present invention be at first formulate out carry three kinds of different anti-herbicide genes, again on the basis of the millet new germ plasm of anti-three kinds of types of herbicide, by biological breeding technique all kinds of anti-herbicide genes are applied in the heterosis utilization again, reach purpose, to improve crop heterosis utilization and cultivation level by the impurity elimination simultaneously of applied once weed killer herbicide, weeding.
One of purpose of the present invention is to doing to recover to breed the new restoring system of carrying nuclear dominance anti-herbicide gene among the kind or conventional variety of system with nuclear dominance antiweed " Sethoxydin " gene transfer of new germ plasm.Use crossbreed that such recovery system makes when using, the applied once weed killer herbicide can be removed pseudostationary, non-purpose hybrid and weeds simultaneously, obtains the hybrid population of neat and consistent, improves hybrid yield and quality.
Two of purpose of the present invention is in being to excellent sterile with recessive antiweed " trefanocide " gene transfer of the nuclear of new germ plasm, during numerous kind of such male sterile line, use weed killer herbicide and can remove assorted strain (getting rid of the interference that non-purpose pollen causes male sterile line purity) and weeds simultaneously, guarantee the purity of male sterile line, simplify numerous kind of program of male sterile line.
Three of purpose of the present invention is to utilize new germ plasm to breed to carry the male sterile line of cytoplasm antiweed " atrazine " gene, can be miscegenation or paste row plantation (shortening the distance of pollen donor strain and acceptor strain) with recovery with such male sterile line to improve hybrid rate and hybrid seed yield, and use crossbreed that such male sterile line makes when using, the applied once weed killer herbicide can be removed the recovery system that is mingled with, assorted strain and weeds simultaneously, obtains the hybrid population of neat and consistent.
The application method of a kind of anti-herbicide gene of antiweed new germ plasm in heterosis utilization, cell nucleus dominance anti-herbicide gene is carried in selection, recessive anti-herbicide gene and cytoplasm anti-herbicide gene germplasm, with this germplasm with recover the hybridization of system or improved seeds and backcross, select the recovery system of carrying the dominance anti-herbicide gene, hybridize the male sterile line and the male sterile line that carries the cytoplasm anti-herbicide gene that goes out to carry recessive anti-herbicide gene with backcross breeding with male sterile line, use assorted strain and weeds in field in the weed killer herbicide removal heterosis utilization when utilizing this parent to carry out heterosis utilization, improve heterotic level and the simplification cultivation program utilized.
With the antiweed germplasm with recover the hybridization of system or conventional variety and backcross, the recovery system of the dominance anti-herbicide gene that isozygotys is carried in seed selection, recover the crossbreed of system's preparation when using with the dominance antiweed, the applied once weed killer herbicide can be removed pseudostationary, non-purpose hybrid and weeds simultaneously, obtains the hybrid population of neat and consistent.
With the hybridization of antiweed germplasm and excellent sterile system with backcross, the male sterile line of recessive anti-herbicide gene is carried in seed selection, during with numerous kind of antiweed male sterile line, the applied once weed killer herbicide can be removed assorted strain and weeds in field wherein simultaneously, guarantees the purity of male sterile line.
With the hybridization of antiweed germplasm and male sterile line with backcross, the male sterile line of cytoplasm anti-herbicide gene is carried in seed selection; Can be miscegenation or paste the row plantation and shorten these distances of father and mother with recovery when carrying plasmon antiweed sterile lines seed making, to improve crossbreed ripening rate and hybrid seed yield, this crossbreed is when using, can remove simultaneously by the applied once weed killer herbicide and recover system, assorted strain and weeds, obtain the hybrid population of neat and consistent.
Anti-herbicide gene can be used in heterosis utilization alone or in combination.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are as follows:
The recovery system that 1, will belong to antiweed " Sethoxydin " the gene importing male sterile line of dominant inheritance, the hybrid that utilizes such recovery system preparation is when use of advantage, can remove pseudostationary, non-purpose hybrid and weeds simultaneously by using weed killer herbicide, the sterile degree that improves dissimilar millet male sterile lines (heredity sterile, physiology is sterile, environment is sterile, chemical emasculation is sterile etc.) can not reach the level of utilizing of 100% sterile population institute hybridization for various reasons.Simultaneously, antiweed " Sethoxydin " gene does not have bad second effect, and the importing of antiweed " Sethoxydin " gene helps the raising of economic flow rate.
2, antiweed " trefanocide " gene that will belong to recessive inheritance imports male sterile line, not only can keep the purity of male sterile line effectively, also can simplify numerous kind of program of male sterile line.
3, with cytoplasm chloroplast antiweed " atrazine " gene and the excellent sterile assortment of genes in one, breed the male sterile line that carries cytoplasm antiweed " atrazine " gene, during with such sterile lines seed making, be miscegenation with male sterile line and recovery or paste row plantation (shortening the distance of pollen donor and acceptor) and can obtain high crossbreed ripening rate and output.When the crossbreed of such male sterile line preparation utilized, the applied once weed killer herbicide just can be removed the recovery system that is mingled with in the institute seeding, assorted strain and weeds simultaneously.So both improve the output of cross breeding seed field hybrid, guaranteed the purity of hybrid application field hybrid population again, also improved the plantation level of hybrid.
4, the present invention is model with millet, successfully formulate out the millet new material of anti-types of herbicide and the new method of utilization thereof, both solved the difficult problem of paddy field weeding, solve the production of hybrid seeds and the impurity elimination in the heterosis utilization again and protected difficult problems such as pure, improved the heterotic level of utilizing, also laid a good foundation for cultivation available herbicide resistance foxtail millet new varieties on producing.The positive effect of these new ways is bred novel millet head and shoulders above and is recovered system and novel this concrete example of millet male sterile line, and other crop heterosis utilizations are had important reference and directive significance.
5, antiweed hybrid (kind) is used on producing safely and effectively, to cause a major transformation on the millet cultivation and production, not only millet self output and quality can be greatly improved, and indicating not thinning of the long-awaited precision drilling of people, no-tillage weeding by machine becomes a reality.This both can save great amount of manpower and financial resources, set up the intensification system agricultural industry, can utilize the anti-lean characteristics of millet drought resisting again, in conjunction with using weed killer herbicide exploitation wasteland, was with a wide range of applications, and will have a tremendous social and economic benefits.
6, realize the variation of anti-source
Through the evidence of weed killer herbicide biologically, the antiweed that the present invention obtains " Sethoxydin " recovers energy antiweed " Sethoxydin " Sethoxydim of system, also anti-dimetone derivative and cyclohexane derivant class weed killer herbicide; Antiweed " trefanocide " male sterile line energy antiweed " trefanocide " Trifluraline, also anti-other dinitroaniline herbicides.Antiweed " atrazine " male sterile line energy antiweed " atrazine " Atrazine, also anti-other triazine herbicides.Except this research, yet there are no antiweed " Sethoxydin " at home and abroad, " trefanocide " " atrazine " gene is applied to the report of self pollination crop heterosis utilizations such as millet.The recovery system that the present invention widened and crossbreed and two kinds of male sterile line antiweed performances of being prepared thereof are strong, can reach realistic scale.
7, by implementing related measure of the present invention, can reduce the isolation condition of male sterile line multiplication fields, seed farm, select isolated area easily, reduce the production of hybrid seeds and numerous kind of cost.
8, the technology of application process employing of the present invention is quick, easy.
Fig. 1 carries three kinds for utilization of the present invention and belongs to different hereditary forms respectively, and the new germ plasm of anti-different weed killer herbicide genes is in the integrated applications figure of heterosis utilization aspect.
Fig. 2 just examines the dominance anti-herbicide gene and is used in crossbreed application Tanaka for the present invention is single, just can remove the application program image of pseudostationary, non-purpose hybrid and weeds simultaneously by applied once weed killer herbicide " Sethoxydin ".
Fig. 3 just examines recessive millet anti-herbicide gene for the present invention is single and is used in the application program image that male sterile line is protected pure aspect.
Fig. 4 for the present invention single with regard to cytoplasm antiweed " atrazine " gene at the application program image that improves aspect this hybrid rate of father and mother, the hybrid seed yield.
Narrate embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
One, the dominance anti-herbicide gene is applied to the implementation method of crossbreed roguing
By hybridization and back cross breeding the transformation of dominance antiweed " Sethoxydin " gene to recover being among (or kind), the new restorer line of the anti-herbicide gene that isozygotys is carried in acquisition, hybrid with such recovery system preparation presents the antiweed characteristic, passes through the applied once weed killer herbicide when utilizing and just can remove pseudostationary, assorted strain and weeds in field simultaneously.
Two, recessive anti-herbicide gene is applied to male sterile line and protects pure, as to simplify numerous kind of program of male sterile line implementation method.
By hybridization and back cross breeding the transformation of recessive antiweed " trefanocide " gene among all kinds of male sterile lines of breeding (or maintenance line), such male sterile line is in the time of numerous kind, male sterile line is accepted the resulting seed sense of the pollen weed killer herbicide of non-purposes such as external conventional variety, plant such male sterile line and just can remove assorted strain and weeds in field simultaneously by using weed killer herbicide, keep the purity of male sterile line, reduce its numerous kind of isolation condition.
Three, cytoplasm chloroplast antiweed " atrazine " gene is applied to improve the implementation method of crossbreed ripening rate and hybrid seed yield
By the sexual hybridization breeding sterile gene is transferred to cytoplasm and carry that (directly the sexual hybridization rate of transform is lower usually to excellent sterile system among the anti-herbicide gene genetic background or with cytoplasm chloroplast antiweed " atrazine " gene transfer, be about 0.03%) in, during with such sterile lines seed making, male sterile line and recovery are miscegenation or paste row plantation (shortening the distance of pollen donor and acceptor strain) and can improve this hybrid rate of father and mother and hybrid seed yield, when the crossbreed that such male sterile line is prepared utilized, the applied once weed killer herbicide just can be removed the recovery system that is mingled with in the institute seeding simultaneously, assorted strain and weeds.So both improve the output of cross breeding seed field hybrid, guaranteed the purity of hybrid application field hybrid population again, also improved the plantation level of hybrid.
Claims (5)
1, the application method of a kind of anti-herbicide gene of antiweed new germ plasm in heterosis utilization, it is characterized in that: select to carry cell nucleus dominance anti-herbicide gene, recessive anti-herbicide gene and cytoplasm anti-herbicide gene germplasm, with this germplasm with recover the hybridization of system or improved seeds and backcross, select the recovery system of carrying the dominance anti-herbicide gene, hybridize the male sterile line and the male sterile line that carries the cytoplasm anti-herbicide gene that goes out to carry recessive anti-herbicide gene with backcross breeding with male sterile line, use assorted strain and weeds in field in the weed killer herbicide removal heterosis utilization when utilizing this parent to carry out heterosis utilization, improve heterotic level and the simplification cultivation program utilized.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: with the antiweed germplasm with recover the hybridization of system or conventional variety and backcross, the recovery system of the dominance anti-herbicide gene that isozygotys is carried in seed selection, recover the crossbreed of system's preparation when using with the dominance antiweed, the applied once weed killer herbicide can be removed pseudostationary, non-purpose hybrid and weeds simultaneously, obtains the hybrid population of neat and consistent.
3, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be hybridization and backcross with antiweed germplasm and excellent sterile, the male sterile line of recessive anti-herbicide gene is carried in seed selection, during with numerous kind of antiweed male sterile line, the applied once weed killer herbicide can be removed assorted strain and weeds in field wherein simultaneously, guarantees the purity of male sterile line.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with the hybridization of antiweed germplasm and male sterile line with backcross, the male sterile line of cytoplasm anti-herbicide gene is carried in seed selection; Can be miscegenation or paste the row plantation and shorten these distances of father and mother with recovery when carrying plasmon antiweed sterile lines seed making, to improve crossbreed ripening rate and hybrid seed yield, this crossbreed is when using, can remove simultaneously by the applied once weed killer herbicide and recover system, assorted strain and weeds, obtain the hybrid population of neat and consistent.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: anti-herbicide gene can be used in heterosis utilization alone or in combination.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 98119305 CN1247698A (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1998-09-11 | Application of anti-herbicide gene in utilization of heterosis |
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| CN 98119305 CN1247698A (en) | 1998-09-11 | 1998-09-11 | Application of anti-herbicide gene in utilization of heterosis |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1108744C (en) * | 1997-11-28 | 2003-05-21 | 湖北省农业科学院农业现代化研究所 | Technology for making male sterile of female lines for rice hybridization |
| CN105706917A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-06-29 | 河北省农林科学院谷子研究所 | Breeding method of special foxtail millet for forage grass |
| CN109006452A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-12-18 | 彭基明 | A kind of rice paddy seed product containing anti-herbicide gene of field planting and preparation method thereof |
-
1998
- 1998-09-11 CN CN 98119305 patent/CN1247698A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1108744C (en) * | 1997-11-28 | 2003-05-21 | 湖北省农业科学院农业现代化研究所 | Technology for making male sterile of female lines for rice hybridization |
| CN105706917A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-06-29 | 河北省农林科学院谷子研究所 | Breeding method of special foxtail millet for forage grass |
| CN109006452A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-12-18 | 彭基明 | A kind of rice paddy seed product containing anti-herbicide gene of field planting and preparation method thereof |
| CN109006452B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-07-26 | 彭基明 | A kind of rice paddy seed product containing anti-herbicide gene of field planting and preparation method thereof |
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