CN1242546C - 线圈绕组数可变式电动机及线圈绕组数改变方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量的线圈绕组数可变式电动机包括：多个线圈，它们分别缠绕并相互串联以改变电动机线圈间的匝数比；多个继电器，它们分别连接在多个线圈中的相邻线圈之间；以及继电控制器，用于输出接通/断开控制信号，以改变电动机线圈的绕组数，并根据负载和供电电压变化控制继电器。缠绕在往复式压缩机的电动机内的线圈被分为两种：主线圈和多个副线圈。并且，电动机线圈的绕组数可自身改变，以控制往复式压缩机的冲程，从而有效地适应电压或负载的变化。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种往复式压缩机的电动机，具体涉及一种用于改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量的线圈绕组数可变式电动机及改变线圈绕组数的方法。该线圈绕组数可变式电动机能够通过自身改变电动机线圈的绕组数来控制冲程。
背景技术
图1是示出根据常规技术的往复式压缩机的操作控制装置结构的示意性方框图。
如图1所示，操作控制装置包括：往复式压缩机10A，用于通过活塞(未显示)线性移动改变冲程来控制冷却容量；电路单元10，其接地端连接在测流电阻器R1和交流开关元件即三端双向可控硅开关(Triac)(Tr1)之间，用于根据三端双向可控硅开关(Tr1)的开关信号，向往复式压缩机10A提供电压和电流；电流检测器20，用于基于接地端检测提供给往复式压缩机10A的电流，并输出所检测的电流；电压检测器30，用于基于接地端检测提供给往复式压缩机10A的电压，并输出所检测的电压；微机40，用于接收所输出的电流和电压，计算冲程，并把用于控制提供给往复式压缩机10A的电压的开关信号输入到三端双向可控硅开关(Tr1)，以使冲程符合初始冲程参考值。
下面将参照附图，对上述结构的往复式压缩机的操作控制装置的操作加以阐述。
首先，在往复式压缩机10A中，内部活塞根据用户设置的初始冲程参考值，按照冲程电压执行线性往复运动，因此，冲程改变，并且制冷器或空调器的冷却容量随着所改变的冲程而改变。
三端双向可控硅开关的接通周期由微机40的开关控制信号予以延长，因此，冲程增加。此时，从往复式压缩机10A产生的电压和电流分别由电压检测器30和电流检测器20进行检测，并被提供给微机40。
然后，微机40通过使用分别由电压检测器30和电流检测器20检测的电压和电流，来计算冲程，将所计算的冲程与最初提供的冲程参考值进行比较，并由此输出开关控制信号。
这就是说，如果所计算的冲程小于初始冲程参考值，则微机40输出用于延长三端双向可控硅开关(Tr1)导通周期的开关控制信号，从而增加提供给往复式压缩机10A的冲程电压。
然而，如果所计算的冲程大于最初提供的冲程参考值，则微机输出用于缩短三端双向可控硅开关(Tr1)接通周期的开关控制信号，从而减少提供给往复式压缩机10A的冲程电压。
在往复式压缩机10A的电动机中，内部线圈以预定数量进行缠绕，并由冲程电压进行驱动。
因此，常规技术的往复式压缩机的操作控制装置控制三端双向可控硅开关的导通/截止周期，并由此执行冲程控制，以适应负载和电压变化。
然而，往复式压缩机的常规操作控制装置存在下列问题。
这就是说，由于提供给往复式压缩机的电动机的驱动电压是通过改变输入到三端双向可控硅开关的开关信号的导通/截止周期来进行控制的，为了控制冲程，随着开关操作而产生噪声，为此需要加设一个诸如噪声过滤器之类的电路来消除噪声，从而使费用增加。
此外，如果通过开关操作改变三端双向可控硅开关的接通/断开周期来控制冲程，则功率因数受到谐波的影响，为此需要加设一个电路从而也使费用增加。
并且，由于浪涌电压(瞬时增加的电压)，使三端双向可控硅开关被击穿，并且由于三端双向可控硅开关产生的谐波分量，使往复式压缩机的效率降低。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量的线圈绕组数可变式电动机，该电动机能够自身改变绕组数及电动机容量，适应负载和电压变化。
为实现这些和其他优点并根据本发明的目的，正如本文所具体实施和广泛说明的那样，提供了一种线圈绕组数可变式电动机，用于通过控制冲程的往复式压缩机的操作控制装置改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量，该操作控制装置包括：电路单元，它具有交流开关元件，用来向往复式压缩机提供电压和电流；电流检测单元，用来检测施加到往复式压缩机上的电流并输出所检测的电流；电压检测单元，用来检测施加到往复式压缩机上的电压并输出所检测的电压；和计算单元，用来接收所输出的电流和电压，计算冲程并输出开关控制信号；其中，所述线圈绕组数可变式电动机包括：绕组数改变单元，用于根据负载和电压的变化来改变线圈绕组数可变式电动机线圈的绕组数，并用于控制冲程。
为实现上述目的，还提供了一种用于改变线圈绕组数可变式电动机的电容量以改变冷却和加热容量的方法，该线圈绕组数可变式电动机用于通过控制冲程的往复式压缩机的操作控制装置改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量，该操作控制装置包括：电路单元，它具有交流开关元件，用来向往复式压缩机提供电压和电流；电流检测单元，用来检测施加到往复式压缩机上的电流并输出所检测的电流；电压检测单元，用来检测施加到往复式压缩机上的电压并输出所检测的电压；和计算单元，用来接收所输出的电流和电压，计算冲程并输出开关控制信号；其中，所述线圈绕组数可变式电动机包括：绕组数改变单元，用于根据负载和电压的变化来改变线圈绕组数可变式电动机线圈的绕组数，并用于控制冲程，该绕组数改变单元包括一个主线圈和与该主线圈连接的多个副线圈；该方法包括以下步骤：当向往复式压缩机提供预定电压时，判定冲程控制所需的线圈绕组数；在出现往复式压缩机需要大冲程的情况时，仅向主线圈提供电压并减少线圈绕组数；以及在出现往复式压缩机需要小冲程的情况时，分别向主线圈和副线圈提供电压并增加线圈绕组数。
通过下文结合附图对本发明所作的详细说明，将对本发明的上述和其他目的、特点、方面和优点有更加清楚的了解。
附图说明
附图包含在本文中以便于进一步了解本发明，并且纳入本发明并构成本发明的一部分。这些附图不仅显示本发明的实施例，而且还与说明书一起用来阐明本发明的原理。
在附图中：
图1是示出根据常规技术的往复式压缩机的操作控制装置结构的示意性方框图；
图2是根据本发明优选实施例的用于改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量的线圈绕组数可变式电动机的示意性方框图；
图3是根据本发明优选实施例的图2中的绕组数改变单元的详细视图；以及
图4是示出在空调器采用本发明的线圈绕组数可变式电动机时冷却容量和绕组数之间关系的曲线图。
具体实施方式
以下将对本发明的优选实施例进行详细论述，这些优选实施例的示例如附图所示。
图2是根据本发明优选实施例的用于改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量的线圈绕组数可变式电动机的示意性方框图。
首先，根据用户设置的初始冲程参考值，微机400把开关信号输入到开关元件即三端双向可控硅开关(Tr1)，该装置执行交流开关功能，以驱动往复式压缩机100。
之后，电流检测器200和电压检测器300分别检测从往复式压缩机产生的电流和电压。
利用所检测的电流和电压，微机400把用户设置的初始冲程参考值与在往复式压缩机100的驱动过程中所计算的冲程参考值进行比较，并把开关控制信号即导通/截止信号输出到往复式压缩机100，以使所计算的冲程参考值符合初始冲程。
在往复式压缩机100中，电动机100A-1线圈的绕组数是根据开关控制信号而改变的，从而执行冲程控制。
冲程控制是由绕组数改变单元500执行的。
然而，相比之下，在根据常规技术的往复式压缩机的操作控制装置中，从微机400输出的开关控制信号被输入到三端双向可控硅开关(Tr1)，并且冲程控制是以下列方式执行的，即在驱动过程中所计算的冲程符合电流冲程。
换句话说，在常规技术中，往复式压缩机的冲程控制是通过使用开关元件即三端双向可控硅开关(Tr1)的开关控制信号来执行的。
图3是根据本发明优选实施例的图2中的绕组数改变单元的详细视图。
绕组数改变单元根据所改变的冷却容量，针对负载和供电电压的变化，改变线圈的绕组数。
如图3所示，绕组数改变单元包括：多个线圈MC和SC1～SC4，它们分别缠绕，用于改变电动机100A-1线圈的绕组数；微机400的继电控制器401，用于输出接通/断开控制信号，以便根据负载和供电电压的变化，改变电动机100A-1线圈的绕组数；以及多个继电器Ry1～Ry5，它们连接在多个线圈MC和SC1～SC4之间，用于接收接通/断开控制信号，并改变电动机线圈的绕组数。
电动机100A-1的线圈MC和SC1～SC4包括：主线圈MC和多个副线圈SC1～SC4。
多个继电器Ry1～Ry5与主线圈MC和多个副线圈SC1～SC4的连接端相连，并接收来自微机400的继电控制器401的接通/断开控制信号，改变电动机100A-1的绕组数，从而执行冲程控制。
下文将对用于改变上述结构的往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量的线圈绕组数可变式电动机的操作和效果加以详述。
往复式压缩机100A的电动机100A-1包括：主线圈MC和第一至第四线圈SC1～SC4，它们均独立串联；以及第一至第五继电器(Ry1～Ry5)，它们根据电压或负载变化接通或断开，改变电动机100A-1线圈的绕组数以控制往复式压缩机100A的冲程。第一至第五继电器(Ry1～Ry5)与主线圈MC和第一至第四副线圈(SC1～SC4)的连接端相连。
在图3中，尽管示出了缠绕在电动机100A-1中的四个副线圈，但不限于这四个副线圈，可根据因可变冷却容量引起的负载变化或者根据供电电压的变化，任意调整供使用的线圈数。并且，还可适当改变主线圈和多个副线圈的匝数比。
首先，缠绕在往复式压缩机100A的电动机100A-1内的线圈的绕组数(N)与电动机常数成正比，并且当向往复式压缩机100A提供一定供电电压时，往复式压缩机100A的冲程与线圈的绕组数(N)成反比，这可由下列方程(1)来表示：
因此，在本发明中，利用上述方程的特性，通过改变电动机100A-1线圈的绕组数来控制往复式压缩机100A的冲程。
换句话说，对于用于改变冷却和加热容量的线圈绕组数可变式电动机来说，往复式压缩机100A的电动机100A-1大部分缠绕有主线圈MC，其余部分缠绕第一至第四副线圈SC1～SC4。
第一继电器Ry1连接在主线圈MC和第一副线圈SC1之间。第二继电器Ry2连接在第一副线圈SC1和第二副线圈SC2之间。第三继电器Ry3连接在第二副线圈SC2和第三副线圈SC3之间。第四继电器Ry4连接在第三副线圈SC3和第四副线圈SC4之间。第五继电器Ry5与第四副线圈SC4的输出端相连。
之后，第一至第五继电器Ry1～Ry5根据电压和负载的变化接通或断开，从而改变电动机100A-1线圈的绕组数，以控制往复式压缩机100A的冲程。
下面将对利用用于改变往复式压缩机100A的冷却和加热容量的线圈绕组数可变式电动机来控制冲程的方法加以说明。
利用往复式压缩机100A的冲程与电动机100A-1线圈的绕组数成反比的这一关系，当提供一定供电电压时，如果将产生最大冲程，则第一继电器Ry1接通，并且第二至第五继电器Ry2～Ry5断开，从而减少了电动机100A-1的内部线圈的绕组数。
反过来，如果将产生最小冲程，则第五继电器Ry5接通，并且第一至第四继电器Ry1～Ry4断开，这使电动机100A-1的内部线圈的绕组数增加，从而执行冲程控制。
为了通过根据电压和负载变化改变电动机线圈的绕组数来控制冲程，第一至第五继电器Ry1～Ry5接收来自微机400的继电控制器401的接通/断开控制信号。
图4是示出在空调器采用本发明的线圈绕组数可变式电动机时冷却容量和绕组数之间关系的图。
如图4所示，要注意的是，冷却容量与电动机100A-1线圈的绕组数(N)几乎线性地成反比。
换句话说，在提供一定供电电压时，利用冲程与线圈的绕组数(N)几乎线性地成反比的这一特性，将多个继电器(Ry)连接在主线圈MC和多个副线圈SC之间。然后，根据因可变冷却容量引起的供电电压和负载的变化，接通或断开多个继电器，以改变电动机100A-1线圈的绕组数(N)，这就能顺利地对往复式压缩机的冲程进行控制，而不受电压或负载变化的影响。
本发明不限于往复式压缩机，并可应用于线性压缩机和其他压缩机。
如上所述，根据本发明的用于改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量的线圈绕组数可变式电动机及线圈绕组数改变方法具有下列优点。
即，缠绕在往复式压缩机的电动机内的线圈被分为两种：主线圈和多个副线圈。并且，电动机线圈的绕组数可自身改变，以控制往复式压缩机的冲程，从而有效地适应了电压或负载的变化。
由于本发明可采用几种形式予以实施，而不背离本发明的精神或实质特点，因此也应理解成，如果未有其他规定，上述实施例不受前面任何一种详细说明的限制，而是应在按照所附权利要求中定义的本发明的精神和范围内作广义解释。因此，凡是落入权利要求或其等同范围内的所有改变或修改，都将包括在所附权利要求范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种线圈绕组数可变式电动机，用于通过控制冲程的往复式压缩机的操作控制装置改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量，
该操作控制装置包括：
电路单元，它具有交流开关元件，用来向往复式压缩机提供电压和电流；
电流检测单元，用来检测施加到往复式压缩机上的电流并输出所检测的电流；
电压检测单元，用来检测施加到往复式压缩机上的电压并输出所检测的电压；和
计算单元，用来接收所输出的电流和电压，计算冲程并输出开关控制信号；
其中，所述线圈绕组数可变式电动机包括：
绕组数改变单元，用于根据负载和电压的变化来改变线圈绕组数可变式电动机线圈的绕组数，并用于控制冲程。
2.如权利要求1所述的电动机，所述绕组数改变单元包括：
多个线圈，它们分别缠绕并相互串联以改变电动机线圈间的匝数比；
多个继电器，它们分别连接在多个线圈中的相邻线圈之间；以及
继电控制器，用于输出和接通/断开控制信号，以改变电动机线圈的绕组数，并根据负载和供电电压的变化控制继电器。
3.如权利要求2所述的电动机，其中，线圈包括：
主线圈，它占了电动机线圈的绕组数的大部分，并缠绕在电动机内；以及
多个副线圈，它们与主线圈相连并缠绕在电动机内。
4.如权利要求3所述的电动机，其中，主线圈和多个副线圈的匝数比是根据往复式压缩机所需的可变冷却容量而改变的。
5.如权利要求2所述的电动机，其中，当提供一定供电电压时，继电控制器控制多个继电器接通或断开，从而根据可变冷却容量控制冲程。
6.一种用于改变线圈绕组数可变式电动机的电容量以改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量的方法，
该线圈绕组数可变式电动机用于通过控制冲程的往复式压缩机的操作控制装置改变往复式压缩机的冷却和加热容量，
该操作控制装置包括：
电路单元，它具有交流开关元件，用来向往复式压缩机提供电压和电流；
电流检测单元，用来检测施加到往复式压缩机上的电流并输出所检测的电流；
电压检测单元，用来检测施加到往复式压缩机上的电压并输出所检测的电压；和
计算单元，用来接收所输出的电流和电压，计算冲程并输出开关控制信号；
其中，所述线圈绕组数可变式电动机包括：
绕组数改变单元，用于根据负载和电压的变化来改变线圈绕组数可变式电动机线圈的绕组数，并用于控制冲程，该绕组数改变单元包括一个主线圈和与该主线圈连接的多个副线圈；
该方法包括以下步骤：
当向往复式压缩机提供预定电压时，判定冲程控制所需的线圈绕组数；
在出现往复式压缩机需要大冲程的情况时，仅向主线圈提供电压并减少线圈绕组数；以及
在出现往复式压缩机需要小冲程的情况时，分别向主线圈和副线圈提供电压并增加线圈绕组数。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2000-0082914A KR100498302B1 (ko) | 2000-12-27 | 2000-12-27 | 리니어 컴프레샤의 용량가변형 모터 |
| KR82914/2000 | 2000-12-27 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1361574A CN1361574A (zh) | 2002-07-31 |
| CN1242546C true CN1242546C (zh) | 2006-02-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB011349042A Expired - Fee Related CN1242546C (zh) | 2000-12-27 | 2001-11-12 | 线圈绕组数可变式电动机及线圈绕组数改变方法 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US6841967B2 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3691789B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100498302B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1242546C (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0105356B1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE10158994B4 (zh) |
| IT (1) | ITMI20012593A1 (zh) |
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2000
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2001
- 2001-10-26 US US09/983,942 patent/US6841967B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-12 CN CNB011349042A patent/CN1242546C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-21 BR BRPI0105356A patent/BRPI0105356B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-30 DE DE10158994.8A patent/DE10158994B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-11 IT IT2001MI002593A patent/ITMI20012593A1/it unknown
- 2001-12-18 JP JP2001384899A patent/JP3691789B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| US6841967B2 (en) | 2005-01-11 |
| KR100498302B1 (ko) | 2005-07-01 |
| KR20020054155A (ko) | 2002-07-06 |
| DE10158994B4 (de) | 2014-02-20 |
| BRPI0105356B1 (pt) | 2016-12-06 |
| ITMI20012593A1 (it) | 2003-06-11 |
| DE10158994A1 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
| CN1361574A (zh) | 2002-07-31 |
| JP2002291287A (ja) | 2002-10-04 |
| BR0105356A (pt) | 2002-09-10 |
| JP3691789B2 (ja) | 2005-09-07 |
| US20020113565A1 (en) | 2002-08-22 |
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