CN1242161C - 向带有空气蒸馏装置的燃汽轮机的燃烧室供给不纯氮气的方法以及对应的发电设备 - Google Patents

向带有空气蒸馏装置的燃汽轮机的燃烧室供给不纯氮气的方法以及对应的发电设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1242161C
CN1242161C CNB021058105A CN02105810A CN1242161C CN 1242161 C CN1242161 C CN 1242161C CN B021058105 A CNB021058105 A CN B021058105A CN 02105810 A CN02105810 A CN 02105810A CN 1242161 C CN1242161 C CN 1242161C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
gas
adsorber
pressure
airdistillation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB021058105A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1380492A (zh
Inventor
G·马斯莫
J－M·皮隆
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Publication of CN1380492A publication Critical patent/CN1380492A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1242161C publication Critical patent/CN1242161C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04181—Regenerating the adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04539—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
    • F25J3/04545—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels for the gasification of solid or heavy liquid fuels, e.g. integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04593—The air gas consuming unit is also fed by an air stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04775—Air purification and pre-cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/80—Water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40001—Methods relating to additional, e.g. intermediate, treatment of process gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40013—Pressurization
    • B01D2259/40016—Pressurization with three sub-steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40028—Depressurization
    • B01D2259/4003—Depressurization with two sub-steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40043—Purging
    • B01D2259/40047—Purging with three sub-steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40043—Purging
    • B01D2259/4005—Nature of purge gas
    • B01D2259/40052—Recycled product or process gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40043—Purging
    • B01D2259/4005—Nature of purge gas
    • B01D2259/40056—Gases other than recycled product or process gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40058—Number of sequence steps, including sub-steps, per cycle
    • B01D2259/40071—Nine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40086—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by using a purge gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
    • B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/402—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using two beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B01D53/261—Drying gases or vapours by adsorption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/20—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in an elevated pressure multiple column system wherein the lowest pressure column is at a pressure well above the minimum pressure needed to overcome pressure drop to reject the products to atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F25J2205/66—Regenerating the adsorption vessel, e.g. kind of reactivation gas
    • F25J2205/72—Pressurising or depressurising the adsorption vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/80—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

常压蒸馏装置(2)具有低压柱(11C)，所述低压柱在明显高于大气压的压力下进行操作。由该柱排出的废氮气用来在低压下吹扫空气净化吸附器(10A，10B)以使污染物(水和二氧化碳)自所述吸附器中脱附，然后其与直接送入氮压缩机(14)的不纯氮气流混合，所述压缩机给气轮机(1)的燃烧室(8)提供进料。在再生开始时，各吸附器解压缩降至大气压，然后通过不纯氮使之再返回至高达所述低压。

Description

向带有空气蒸馏装置的燃汽轮机的燃烧室 供给不纯氮气的方法以及对应的发电设备
技术领域
本发明涉及向带有空气蒸馏装置(air distillation unit)的燃汽轮机的燃烧室加入不纯氮气的方法，所述空气蒸馏装置安装有用于通过吸附来净化掉空气中的水和二氧化碳的装置，这种装置包括两个吸附器，这两个吸附器的每一个均按一种操作循环进行操作，所述操作循环包括交替和循环进行的在所述循环的高压下的并流吸附阶段、和再生阶段，所述再生阶段包括解压缩步骤(a)、用来自空气蒸馏装置的自所述装置的低压柱排出的废气进行逆流吹扫的步骤(c)、和将所述吸附器再加压至高达所述循环的高压的步骤(d)。
背景技术
这里所涉及的压力均为绝对压力。
向用于驱动交流发电机来发电的燃汽轮机供给来自燃烧室的气体。这一燃烧室中主要供给有通过空气压缩机进行压缩的空气以及燃料气体，所述压缩机例如与燃汽轮机连接在一起。通过向燃烧室额外注入氮气来调节火焰温度及所产生的NOX。
燃料气体通常由气化器来产生，而所述气化器中一方面加入氧气、另一方面加入碳产物如煤。空气蒸馏装置则产生所述气化器消耗的氧气和送入燃烧室的氮气。
来自如双空气蒸馏柱的空气蒸馏装置的低压柱的废气是通常含有0.5至1％氧的不纯氮气，因而可提供用于燃烧室的氮，这种气体的最大可允许氧含量通常为2％。在某些设备中，其中来自空气蒸馏装置的全部产物均在加压下使用，且其中燃汽轮机所需的氮流速高，有利的是选择明显大于大气压的低压(通常为3至4巴，其对应于大于10巴的中等蒸馏压力)，并在此低压下吹扫净化吸附器。这是因为这使得可以回收已进行过吹扫的气体，并使之与由空气蒸馏装置直接提供给燃汽轮机的不纯氮混合，而不进行耗费能量的膨胀和再压缩。
如所公知的，吹扫吸附器具有解吸污染物(主要为水和二氧化碳)的作用，所述污染物是在先前的吸附阶段过程中从空气中除去的。
然而，这种选择方案产生一种问题：在解压缩步骤结束时，吸附器仍含有许多氧，从而在吹扫阶段起始时从吸附器排出的气体具有大于供给燃烧室的最大允许含量的氧含量。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决这一问题，也就是说，可简便且经济地对供给燃汽轮机的燃烧室的吹扫气体进行再压缩。
为达此目的，本发明的主题是前述类型的方法，其特征在于：
-所述低压柱在低压下进行操作，所述低压明显高于大气压；
-所述废气几乎在所述低压下用于所述吹扫步骤(c)；
-解压缩步骤(a)持续降至所述循环的最小压力，所述最小压力明显低于所述低压；
-在解压缩步骤(a)和吹扫步骤(c)之间，插入部分再加压步骤(b)，在该步骤中吸附器通过废气再加压至高达几乎为吹扫压力；
-在吹扫步骤(c)过程中来自吸附器的废气与空气蒸馏装置产生的废气混合，并通过氮压缩机将该混合物压缩以供给所述燃汽轮机的燃烧室。
本发明的方法可包括一种或多种如下特征：
-循环的最小压力几乎为大气压；
-在部分再加压步骤(b)之后，进行至少一次排空吸附器中的氧的附加步骤(b′)，该步骤包括如下分步骤：
-(b′1)附加解压缩使吸附器降至所述最小压力，和
-(b′2)附加部分再加压至高达吹扫压力，
-然后进行吹扫步骤(c)；
-吹扫步骤(c)包括分步骤(c2)，其中对废气进行加热，在该分步之后进行分步骤(c3)，其中废气不进行加热；
-非直接来自低压柱的具有至少所述不纯氮气的氮含量的富氮气体用来进行所述或各个部分再加压步骤；
-所述富氮气体来自氮分配网络；和
-所述富氮气体来自辅助罐，所述辅助罐供给有由氮压缩机输送的部分气体。
本发明的主题还涉及一种适于实施这类方法的发电设备。
这种类型的设备，包括燃汽轮机、产生不纯氮气的空气蒸馏装置，所述空气蒸馏装置装有用于通过吸附来净化掉空气中的水和二氧化碳的装置，这种吸附装置包括至少两个、优选仅有两个吸附器，各吸附器均按一种操作循环进行操作，所述循环包括交替和循环进行的在所述循环高压下的并流吸附阶段、和再生阶段，所述再生阶段包括解压缩步骤(a)、用来自空气蒸馏装置的自所述装置的低压柱排出的废气进行逆流吹扫的步骤(c)、和将所述吸附器再加压至高达所述循环的高压的步骤(d)，所述设备还包括氮压缩机，其进气口通过进料管线与空气蒸馏装置相连，其输出端与所述燃汽轮机的燃烧室相连，其中：
-空气蒸馏装置产生在低压下的不纯氮气，所述低压明显大于大气压；
-装有阀门的第一不纯氮气管线将空气蒸馏装置与各吸附器的出口连接；和
-装有阀门的第二不纯氮气管线将各吸附器的空气进口与所述进料管线连接。
附图说明
现在参照附图对本发明的例举性实施方案进行说明，在附图中：
-图1很概略地图示了本发明的发电设备；
-图2更详细地图示了这种设备的部件；
-图3是说明吸附器操作循环的线图；
-图4是与图1相似的一种变化形式的示意图；和
-图5是与图3相似的对应于图4设备的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1很概略地图示了本发明的发电设备，其包括带有空气蒸馏装置2的燃汽轮机1、和气化器3。
所述燃汽轮机主要包括涡轮4、和燃烧室8，所述涡轮的轴5与交流发电机6和空气压缩机7相连。
空气蒸馏装置2主要包括空气压缩机9、用于通过吸附来净化掉空气中的水和二氧化碳的装置10(这一装置包括平行设置的两个吸附器10A和10B)、和冷箱(cold box)11，后者主要包括热交换线11A和由中压柱11B和低压柱11C组成的双空气蒸馏柱。
术语“压缩机”可指单个压缩机或并联的若干个压缩机。相似的，术语“吸附器”可指单个吸附瓶或若干个并联的瓶，且如气化器3对氧的需求很高，可存在并联的若干个空气蒸馏装置2，通常是这种情况。
在操作中，要在9进行蒸馏和压缩的空气具有大于10巴的中等蒸馏压力，通常为13巴。压缩空气经两个吸附器中的一个、即图1中的吸附器10B进行净化，然后在热交换线11A中由逆流蒸馏产物进行冷却。在所述双柱中，其低压柱11B在3至4巴下操作，空气分离为加压氧和不纯氮WN2，所述氧经管线12以气体形态输送至气化器3，所述氮经管线13自冷箱排出。这一管线与氮压缩机14的进口连接，其输出端与燃烧室8相连。
再有，经管线15给气化器供给碳产物，所述气化器产生燃料气体，该燃料气体经管线16输送至燃烧室8。后者还经燃汽轮机的压缩机7加入压缩空气。
一部分不纯氮在管线13中经分支口(tap-off)17排出以对不处于吸附阶段的吸附器、即图1中的吸附器10A进行再生。如在以下更详细说明的，经管线18回收流经这一吸附器的不纯氮，并重新注入到管线13中，该混合物如此到达压缩机14。
图2更详细地图示了净化装置10。
各吸附器的进口与各装有阀门的四个管线相连：一个管线19用于排放于大气中，与排气管线20相连；一个部分再加压管线21，与管线18相连；一个用于除去吹扫气体的管线22，也与管线18相连；及一个空气进料管线23，与压缩机9的出料端相连。
各吸附器的出口与各装有阀门的三个管线相连：一个不纯氮进料管线24，与管线17相连；一个净化空气出口管线25，与导向冷箱11的管线26相连，及一个第一再加压管线27，与另一吸附器的出口相连。
如图2中所示，管线17装有加热装置28。
图3图示了相对于另一吸附器偏移半个周期的各吸附器的操作循环。在这一线图中，时间t绘于x轴，绝对压力P绘于y轴，由箭头所标图线表明在吸附器中的流动方向：当箭头指向在吸附器中增加压力的方向时(在该线图中向上)，流向称为“并流”。如果方向向上的箭头位于表明吸附器中压力的图线以下时，气流经吸附器的进口端进入吸附器；如果方向向上的的箭头位于表明压力的图线之上时，气流经吸附器的出口端离开吸附器，所述进口和出口端分别为在吸附阶段中所要处理的空气和排出净化空气的那些；当箭头为在吸附器中降低压力方向时(在该线图中为向下)，气流称为“逆流”。如果方向向下的箭头位于表明吸附器中压力的图线以下时，气流经吸附器的进口端离开吸附器；如方向向下的的箭头位于表明压力的图线之上时，气流经吸附器的出口端进入吸附器，所述进口和出口端仍为在生产阶段中所要处理的气体和排出气体的那些。
图3的循环包括如下连续步骤。
在HP循环高压下的吸附阶段结束时，所述高压几乎为中等蒸馏压力，所述吸附器经历如下步骤：
(a)通过经管线19和排气口20向大气中排气使其逆流降压至大气压AP；
(b)经管线18和21，以并流方式，通过未加热的不纯氮使其部分再加压(装置28未运行)至高达这一气体的压力LP。这一步骤降低了在吸附器中的氧含量；
(b′)通过经管线19和20(b′1)向大气中排气使其逆流降压至大气压AP，然后经管线18和21，以并流方式，通过未加热的不纯氮使其进行另一部分再加压至高达压力LP(b′2)。从而在吸附器中的氧含量被再次减少，并降至低于在燃汽轮机的燃烧室8中的最大允许值；
(c)经用于进料的管线17和24和用于排料的22和18进行逆流吹扫。这种吹扫首先全部用未加热的气体(c1)来进行，然后用在28加热的气体(c2)来进行，然后再次用未加热的气体(c3)来进行。经历了这一步骤，来自吸附器的不纯氮经管线22和18被回收并重注入管线13中，其中它与由这一管线所载运的不纯氮混合；
(d)经管线27用来自另一吸附器的净化空气逆流再加压，至高达所述循环的高压HP。
可注意到，这一循环消耗了用于部分再加压(b)和(b′2)的不纯氮，这种不纯氮不能再供给至氮压缩机14。对应的不纯氮的流速为约空气流速的5％，其以相同的数量减少了可用于氮压缩机的流速。
为减少这种缺点，对于进行部分再加压(b)和(b′2)，可使用非直接来自冷箱11的加压氮。这种氮可通过氮供料网络来提供，或另外通过图4和5所示的不纯氮辅助罐29来提供。这种罐通过在压缩机14的出料侧提供的并装有由流速控制器32驱动的膨胀阀31的分支口30来进料(图5)。如图5所示，管线21不与管线18相连，而是它们经管线33与罐29相连。
通过罐29的存在，步骤(b)和(b′2)所需的不纯氮的流速在所述循环的整个过程中分布，这使得可增加压缩机14可利用的流速。

Claims (13)

1.向带有空气蒸馏装置(2)的燃汽轮机(1)的燃烧室(8)中加入不纯氮气的方法，所述空气蒸馏装置安装有用于通过吸附来净化掉空气中的水和二氧化碳的装置(10)，这种装置包括两个吸附器(10A，10B)，这两个吸附器的每一个均按一种操作循环进行操作，所述操作循环包括交替和循环进行的在所述循环的高压(HP)下的并流吸附阶段、和再生阶段，所述再生阶段包括解压缩步骤(a)、用来自空气蒸馏装置的自所述装置的低压柱(11C)排出的废气进行逆流吹扫的步骤(c)、和将所述吸附器再加压至高达所述循环的高压的步骤(d)，
其特征在于：
-所述低压柱(11C)在低压(LP)下进行操作，所述低压为3-4巴；
-所述废气几乎在所述低压(LP)下用于所述吹扫步骤(c)；
-解压缩步骤(a)持续降至所述循环的最小压力(AP)，所述最小压力低于所述低压(LP)；
-在解压缩步骤(a)和吹扫步骤(c)之间，插入部分再加压步骤(b)，在该步骤中吸附器(10A，10B)通过废气再加压至高达吹扫压力(LP)；和
-在吹扫步骤(c)过程中来自吸附器的废气与空气蒸馏装置(2)产生的废气混合，并通过氮压缩机(14)将该混合物压缩以供给所述燃汽轮机(1)的燃烧室(8)。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于所述循环的最小压力(AP)为大气压。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，在部分再加压步骤(b)之后，进行至少一次排空吸附器(10A，10B)中的氧的附加步骤(b′)，该步骤包括如下分步骤：
-(b′1)附加的解压缩使吸附器降至所述最小压力(AP)，和
-(b′2)附加的部分再加压至高达吹扫压力(LP)，
-然后进行吹扫步骤(c)。
4.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于吹扫步骤(c)包括分步骤(c2)，其中对废气进行加热(在28)，在该分步骤之后进行分步骤(c3)，其中废气不进行加热。
5.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于非直接来自低压柱(11C)的具有至少所述不纯氮气的氮含量的富氮气体用来进行所述或各个部分再加压步骤((b)；(b′2))。
6.根据权利要求5的方法，其特征在于所述富氮气体来自氮分配网络。
7.根据权利要求5的方法，其特征在于所述富氮气体来自辅助罐(29)，所述辅助罐供给有由氮压缩机(14)输送的部分气体。
8.发电设备，该类型的设备包括燃汽轮机(1)、产生不纯氮气的空气蒸馏装置(2)，所述空气蒸馏装置装有用于通过吸附来净化掉空气中的水和二氧化碳的装置(10)，这种吸附装置包括至少两个吸附器(10A，10B)，各吸附器均按一种操作循环进行操作，所述循环包括交替和循环进行的在所述循环高压(HP)下的并流吸附阶段、和再生阶段，所述再生阶段包括解压缩步骤(a)、用来自空气蒸馏装置的自所述装置的低压柱(11C)排出的废气进行逆流吹扫的步骤(c)、和将所述吸附器再加压至高达所述循环的高压的步骤(d)，所述发电设备还包括氮压缩机(14)，其进气口通过进料管线(13)与空气蒸馏装置相连，其输出端与所述燃汽轮机的燃烧室(8)相连，其中：
-空气蒸馏装置(2)产生在低压(LP)下的不纯氮气，所述低压为3-4巴；
-装有阀门的第一不纯氮气管线(17，24)将空气蒸馏装置与各吸附器(10A，10B)的净化空气出口连接；和
-装有阀门的第二不纯氮气管线(22，18)将各吸附器的空气进口与所述进料管线连接(13)。
9.根据权利要求8的设备，其特征在于所述第一不纯氮气管线(17，24)装有加热装置(28)。
10.根据权利要求8或9的设备，其特征在于它包括用于向各吸附器(10A，10B)加入非直接来自空气蒸馏装置的低压柱(11C)的富氮气体的装置。
11.根据权利要求10的设备，其特征在于它包括一个从中取出富氮气体的氮分配网络。
12.根据权利要求10的设备，其特征在于它包括辅助罐(29)，所述辅助罐供给有由氮压缩机(14)提供的部分气体。
13.根据权利要求8的设备，其特征在于吸附装置包括两个吸附器(10A，10B)。
CNB021058105A 2001-04-10 2002-04-10 向带有空气蒸馏装置的燃汽轮机的燃烧室供给不纯氮气的方法以及对应的发电设备 Expired - Fee Related CN1242161C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0104870 2001-04-10
FR0104870A FR2823256B1 (fr) 2001-04-10 2001-04-10 Procede d'alimentation en azote impur de la chambre de combusti0n d'une turbine a gaz combinee a une unite de distillation d'air, et installation de production d'energie electrique correspondante

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1380492A CN1380492A (zh) 2002-11-20
CN1242161C true CN1242161C (zh) 2006-02-15

Family

ID=8862160

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB021058105A Expired - Fee Related CN1242161C (zh) 2001-04-10 2002-04-10 向带有空气蒸馏装置的燃汽轮机的燃烧室供给不纯氮气的方法以及对应的发电设备

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6607582B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1249676B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4050543B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1242161C (zh)
AT (1) ATE308729T1 (zh)
DE (1) DE60206995T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2252402T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2823256B1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2849172A1 (fr) * 2002-12-19 2004-06-25 Air Liquide Procede de distillation d'air ameliore, et installation de mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US9492780B2 (en) * 2014-01-16 2016-11-15 Bha Altair, Llc Gas turbine inlet gas phase contaminant removal
US9358491B2 (en) * 2014-01-30 2016-06-07 Farouk Dakhil Carbon dioxide neutralizing power generating device
US10502136B2 (en) 2014-10-06 2019-12-10 Bha Altair, Llc Filtration system for use in a gas turbine engine assembly and method of assembling thereof
US10895417B2 (en) * 2016-03-25 2021-01-19 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for the production of air gases by the cryogenic separation of air with improved front end purification and air compression
KR102092716B1 (ko) * 2017-12-07 2020-03-24 주식회사 포스코 공기분리설비
US11137205B2 (en) 2018-12-21 2021-10-05 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and apparatus for eliminating heat bumps following regeneration of adsorbers in an air separation unit
US11029086B2 (en) 2018-12-21 2021-06-08 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and apparatus for reducing process disturbances during pressurization of an adsorber in an air separation unit
CN110787587A (zh) 2019-11-08 2020-02-14 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 一种空分纯化均压系统及控制方法

Family Cites Families (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4557735A (en) * 1984-02-21 1985-12-10 Union Carbide Corporation Method for preparing air for separation by rectification
US4806136A (en) * 1987-12-15 1989-02-21 Union Carbide Corporation Air separation method with integrated gas turbine
US5425240A (en) * 1992-10-01 1995-06-20 The Boc Group, Inc. Purification of oxygen by cryogenic adsorption
US5551257A (en) * 1992-10-01 1996-09-03 The Boc Group, Inc. Production of ultrahigh purity nitrogen
US5560763A (en) * 1995-05-24 1996-10-01 The Boc Group, Inc. Integrated air separation process
JPH09184681A (ja) * 1995-11-02 1997-07-15 Teisan Kk 超高純度窒素及び酸素の製造装置
JPH09264667A (ja) * 1996-03-27 1997-10-07 Teisan Kk 超高純度窒素及び酸素の製造装置
US5661987A (en) * 1996-10-25 1997-09-02 Pacific Consolidated Industries Three-bed nonimmobilized rapid pressure-swing adsorber
US5730003A (en) * 1997-03-26 1998-03-24 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic hybrid system for producing high purity argon
US5802872A (en) * 1997-07-30 1998-09-08 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic air separation with combined prepurifier and regenerators
US5855650A (en) * 1997-09-09 1999-01-05 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Purification of gases using solid adsorbents
JP3719832B2 (ja) * 1997-10-14 2005-11-24 日本エア・リキード株式会社 超高純度窒素及び酸素の製造装置
FR2771944B1 (fr) * 1997-12-08 2000-01-14 Air Liquide Procede de purification d'air par adsorption sur alumine calcinee des impuretes co2 et h2o
US6080226A (en) * 1998-09-30 2000-06-27 Uop Llc Nitrous oxide purification by pressure swing adsorption
US6083299A (en) * 1999-01-21 2000-07-04 The Boc Group, Inc. High pressure purge pressure swing adsorption process
US6508053B1 (en) * 1999-04-09 2003-01-21 L'air Liquide-Societe Anonyme A'directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Integrated power generation system
FR2798075B1 (fr) * 1999-09-03 2001-11-09 Air Liquide Conduite d'un systeme de purification d'air a regeneration thermique
FR2799390B1 (fr) * 1999-10-08 2002-06-07 Air Liquide Procede de traitement d'un gaz par adsorption a temperature modulee
FR2799987B1 (fr) * 1999-10-25 2002-04-26 Air Liquide Procede d'epuration d'un gaz par adsorption de deux impuretes et dispositif correspondant
GB0002086D0 (en) * 2000-01-28 2000-03-22 Boc Group Plc Air separation
FR2807150B1 (fr) * 2000-04-04 2002-10-18 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de production d'un fluide enrichi en oxygene par distillation cryogenique
US20020139246A1 (en) * 2001-01-03 2002-10-03 Ravi Kumar Multi-bed adsorption process for air purification
US6499312B1 (en) * 2001-12-04 2002-12-31 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic rectification system for producing high purity nitrogen
US6494060B1 (en) * 2001-12-04 2002-12-17 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic rectification system for producing high purity nitrogen using high pressure turboexpansion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1380492A (zh) 2002-11-20
ATE308729T1 (de) 2005-11-15
US20020152891A1 (en) 2002-10-24
FR2823256A1 (fr) 2002-10-11
ES2252402T3 (es) 2006-05-16
FR2823256B1 (fr) 2003-07-25
EP1249676A1 (fr) 2002-10-16
DE60206995D1 (de) 2005-12-08
JP2002332867A (ja) 2002-11-22
DE60206995T2 (de) 2006-07-27
JP4050543B2 (ja) 2008-02-20
EP1249676B1 (fr) 2005-11-02
US6607582B2 (en) 2003-08-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11378274B2 (en) System and method for integrated carbon dioxide gas separation from combustion gases
US7442231B2 (en) Electricity generation system
CN1077275C (zh) 加压生产气体氧的方法和装置
EP1058074B1 (en) Air separation process with a combustion engine for the production of atmospheric gas products and electric power
US6612113B2 (en) Integrated method of air separation and of energy generation and plant for the implementation of such a method
US20020104518A1 (en) Feed composition modification for internal combustion engines
CN104364000A (zh) 用于co2捕集/利用以及生产n2的变压吸附与发电厂的集成
CN1242161C (zh) 向带有空气蒸馏装置的燃汽轮机的燃烧室供给不纯氮气的方法以及对应的发电设备
CN1701162A (zh) 利用再循环工作流体的先进混杂式煤气化循环
CN101235752A (zh) 用燃气涡轮机发电的动力设备和降低二氧化碳排放的方法
CN210340328U (zh) 一种一体式连续制氧制氮装置
CN1065326A (zh) 空气的低温分离方法
AU2010291532B2 (en) Method and device for treating a carbon dioxide-containing gas flow, wherein the energy of the vent gas (work and cold due to expansion) is used
AU2009332000A1 (en) Method and device for treating a gas flow comprising carbon dioxide from a large combustion plant
CN1133583C (zh) 联合生产氨合成混合物和一氧化碳的方法和设备
CN103391802A (zh) 一种含二氧化碳的流体的压缩
AU2012200908A1 (en) Method and device for treating a carbon dioxide-containing gas stream
CN1500978A (zh) 一体化空气分离方法和装置
JP5101882B2 (ja) 水素を製造するための吸着方法および前記方法を行うための装置
US7648562B2 (en) Process for separating gas in a PSA unit with two compressors
US6089040A (en) Combined plant of a furnace and an air distillation device and implementation process
US20130025866A1 (en) Integrated process utilizing nitrogen and carbon dioxide streams for enhanced oil recovery
CN214243809U (zh) 一种荒煤气制氢联产lng系统
CN1878999A (zh) 用于富集气体流中的一种成分的方法和设备
CN1890524A (zh) 气体压缩机、装有这种压缩机的气体混合物分离设备以及使用所述压缩机的气体混合物分离方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20060215

Termination date: 20190410