CN1240689A - 一种以金属配合物热分解制备超细微粉的方法 - Google Patents
一种以金属配合物热分解制备超细微粉的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- JGUQDUKBUKFFRO-CIIODKQPSA-N dimethylglyoxime Chemical compound O/N=C(/C)\C(\C)=N\O JGUQDUKBUKFFRO-CIIODKQPSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SQDFHQJTAWCFIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylidenehydroxylamine Chemical compound ON=C SQDFHQJTAWCFIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PUQISMCZEMAJKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(3-hydroxyiminobutan-2-ylidene)hydroxylamine nickel Chemical compound [Ni].CC(C(=NO)C)=NO PUQISMCZEMAJKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IUYLTEAJCNAMJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Co+2] IUYLTEAJCNAMJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004699 copper complex Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明以金属配合物热分解制备超细微粉的方法,特征在于以含有肟基或羧基的镍、钴或铜的配合物为原料,在氮气或其它惰性气氛下加热分解,可分别获得纳米级金属镍微粉、钴或铜及其氧化物微粉;采用本方法无需另加还原剂,无需使用助剂,操作简单、方便、安全,产物纯净;本方法还可用于制备负载型镍微粉。
Description
本发明涉及金属配合物的热分解,金属及其氧化物超细微粉制备方法,特别是涉及镍微粉、钴或铜及其氧化物超细微粉的制备方法技术领域。
超细金属微粉具有特殊的物理、化学性质,在催化剂、磁性材料等方面具有特殊的应用价值。据《化工进展》(1992,第五期,p25)报道,粒径小于30nm的镍粉比传统的镍催化剂的选择性可提高约十倍;据《化工进展》(1993,第四期,p21)报道,以纳米级的Fe、Co、Ni合金制得的磁性材料可获得高的信/噪比;在火箭发射的固体燃料中加入1%的超细Ni或Al微粉可使其燃烧热增加一倍。因而,研究超细金属微粉的制备方法具有十分重要的意义。
现有超细金属微粉的化学制备方法有:(1)高温气相还原法,如美国《化学评论》(Chem.Rev.1982,82,p153-208)、中国《高等化学学报》(1994,15(3))等报道的以H2或CO还原氢氧化镍或镍盐的方法,但该方法在高温下使用可燃气体具有一定危险性;(2)镍盐溶液还原法,如中国《物理化学学报》(1996,12(5),p460-463)所报道,但因该方法在溶液中进行,而且需加分散剂,产物的后处理较繁琐;(3)水热加氢还原法,如中国《材料研究学报》(1995,6,p223-227)所报道,该方法需要在压力釜中进行反应,同时也存在产物需要固、液分离的麻烦。
现有超细金属微粉的物理制备方法有:(1)蒸发法,见《日本应用物理杂志》(Japanese Journal of Applied Physics,1977,16(5)p705-717);(2)激光法,见《中国激光》(1989,16(12),p741-742)。这些制备方法对设备要求苛刻,难以实现工业生产。
本发明提出一种以金属配合物直接热分解制备超细微粉的方法,以克服现有技术的上述缺陷。
本发明以金属配合物热分解制备超细微粉的方法,特征在于以含有肟基或羧基的金属配合物为原料,在氮气或其它惰性气氛下加热分解,可得到纳米级金属和/或其氧化物超细微粉;所述金属配合物包括镍、钴或铜的肟基或羧基配合物,所述配合物的配体包括α-肟基羧酸、丁二酮肟、甲醛肟。
当所述金属配合物为镍的肟基或羧基配合物,配体包括α-肟基羧酸、丁二酮肟、甲醛肟时,可得到纳米级金属镍微粉。
若将上述镍配合物分散在无机多孔载体上加热分解,则可获得负载型镍微粉;所述无机多孔载体包括二氧化硅、氧化铝、沸石或硅藻土。
当所述金属配合物为钴配合物时,则可得到金属钴及氧化钴的混合物,它们均为纳米级颗粒;
当所述金属配合物为铜配合物时,则可得到金属铜及氧化亚铜的混合物,它们亦为纳米级颗粒。
与现有技术相比,本发明方法有如下优点:
由于本发明方法采用金属配合物作为原料,无需另加还原剂,且无需使用助剂,因而避免了现有高温气相还原法须高温下使用H2或CO等可燃气体的危险性,操作方便、安全;本发明反应中有机配体能完全分解,因而产物纯净;本发明方法采用固相分解,直接得到产物,易于操作,避免了液相还原法需要固、液分离的麻烦。
以下为本发明方法的实施例:
实施例1:将0.1M的硝酸镍溶液加入等当量的0.1M的α-肟基丙酸(PAO)溶液中,搅拌后得到Ni-PAO配合物的沉淀;将沉淀过滤、洗涤、烘干;在氮气保护下加热至310℃并保持10分钟,得到黑色粉末。经粉末X衍射(XRD)证实为金属镍,电镜检测显示镍粉分散较均匀,粒径为5-15nm。
实施例2:将0.1M的硝酸镍溶液加入等当量的0.1M的丁二酮肟的乙醇溶液中搅拌,制得Ni丁二酮肟配合物沉淀;将沉淀过滤、洗涤、烘干;在氮气保护下加热至350℃并保持30分钟,得到黑色粉末。经粉末X衍射证实为金属镍,电镜检测表明镍粉分散较均匀,粒径为5-20nm。
实施例3:将实施例2方法所制的丁二酮肟镍配合物2克溶于氯仿,加入10克10-40μm二氧化硅。室温下搅拌、蒸发后得到含丁二酮肟的二氧化硅,在氮气保护下加热至400℃,并保持30分钟,得到黑色粉末,XRD证实存在金属镍与二氧化硅,电镜检测表明纳米级的细微颗粒附着在微米级颗粒的表面上,形成负载型镍微粉。
实施例4:将硝酸钴溶液加入PAO溶液中,搅拌,制得Co-PAO配合物。在氮气保护下加热至500℃并保持30分钟,即得到黑色粉末。XRD证实为金属钴、氧化钴、氧化亚钴的混合物,从XRD的峰宽计算,各种粉末均为纳米级颗粒,平均粒径约为20-25nm。
实施例5:将醋酸铜溶液加入PAO溶液中,搅拌,制得Cu-PAO配合物。在氮气保护下加热至280℃并保持30分钟,即得到黑色粉末。XRD证实为金属铜、氧化亚铜的混合物,从XRD的峰宽计算,氧化亚铜粉末的平均粒径约为10nm。
Claims (2)
1、一种以金属配合物热分解制备超细微粉的方法,特征在于以含有肟基或羧基的金属配合物为原料,在氮气或其它惰性气氛下加热分解;所述金属配合物包括镍、钴或铜的肟基或羧基配合物,所述配合物的配体包括α-肟基羧酸、丁二酮肟、甲醛肟。
2、如权利要求1所述以金属配合物热分解制备超细微粉的方法,特征在于将所述镍配合物分散在无机多孔载体上,则可获得负载型镍微粉;所述无机多孔载体包括二氧化硅、氧化铝、沸石或硅藻土。
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1302884C (zh) * | 2004-12-02 | 2007-03-07 | 黄德欢 | 制备纳米金氯化钠混合粉体的方法及装置 |
CN1302849C (zh) * | 2004-12-02 | 2007-03-07 | 黄德欢 | 制备载纳米金粉体的方法 |
CN1302850C (zh) * | 2004-12-02 | 2007-03-07 | 黄德欢 | 热分解制备载纳米金粉体的方法及装置 |
CN100337752C (zh) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-09-19 | 钢铁研究总院 | 一种负载型纳米镍加氢催化剂的气相渗透沉积制备方法 |
US7777059B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2010-08-17 | Basf Se | Copper(I) formate complexes |
CN101966418A (zh) * | 2010-08-23 | 2011-02-09 | 上海电力学院 | 一种燃煤烟气中no的吸收液及其制备方法和应用 |
CN101784352B (zh) * | 2007-07-26 | 2011-11-02 | Lg化学株式会社 | 铜粒子组合物的制备方法 |
CN102350505A (zh) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-02-15 | 浙江师范大学 | 一种镍/石墨烯纳米复合材料的制备方法 |
CN105152969A (zh) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-16 | 西安近代化学研究所 | 二甲基乙二肟镁及其制备方法 |
CN108526490A (zh) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-14 | 六盘水中联工贸实业有限公司 | 一种用氯化铜或氯化亚铜生产金属铜粉的方法 |
CN109994741A (zh) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-09 | 济南大学 | 一种碳包覆过渡金属原子团簇氧还原催化剂及制备方法和用途 |
-
1998
- 1998-07-08 CN CN 98115767 patent/CN1103257C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7777059B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2010-08-17 | Basf Se | Copper(I) formate complexes |
CN1302884C (zh) * | 2004-12-02 | 2007-03-07 | 黄德欢 | 制备纳米金氯化钠混合粉体的方法及装置 |
CN1302849C (zh) * | 2004-12-02 | 2007-03-07 | 黄德欢 | 制备载纳米金粉体的方法 |
CN1302850C (zh) * | 2004-12-02 | 2007-03-07 | 黄德欢 | 热分解制备载纳米金粉体的方法及装置 |
CN100337752C (zh) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-09-19 | 钢铁研究总院 | 一种负载型纳米镍加氢催化剂的气相渗透沉积制备方法 |
CN101784352B (zh) * | 2007-07-26 | 2011-11-02 | Lg化学株式会社 | 铜粒子组合物的制备方法 |
CN101966418A (zh) * | 2010-08-23 | 2011-02-09 | 上海电力学院 | 一种燃煤烟气中no的吸收液及其制备方法和应用 |
CN102350505A (zh) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-02-15 | 浙江师范大学 | 一种镍/石墨烯纳米复合材料的制备方法 |
CN105152969A (zh) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-12-16 | 西安近代化学研究所 | 二甲基乙二肟镁及其制备方法 |
CN108526490A (zh) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-14 | 六盘水中联工贸实业有限公司 | 一种用氯化铜或氯化亚铜生产金属铜粉的方法 |
CN109994741A (zh) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-09 | 济南大学 | 一种碳包覆过渡金属原子团簇氧还原催化剂及制备方法和用途 |
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