CN1239750A - Handrail mounting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The railing can be reliably installed with simple work. The railing tube fixing device for assembled scaffolding is formed with a receiving device supporting the railing between it and the pillar, and a fixing plate that can be embedded on the pillar and press on the upper part of the railing by its own weight as the main components. When the railing is subjected to a force that lifts it upwards, because the fixed plate tends to rotate to produce a "stuck" effect, the outer lower end and inner upper end of the edge of the hole 41 of the fixed plate 4 act as a force couple generated by the moment. Down, "eating" into the surface of the strut, so that the fixed plate cannot move.

Description

railing installation

The invention relates to a railing installation device for installing a railing on a pillar, in particular to a technique for preventing a railing from detaching from the mounting device.

For example, when constructing large-scale structures in the shipbuilding industry and the construction industry, a large number of scaffolds need to be erected, and railings must be assembled accordingly. Therefore, it is required that the railing installation device has a high-safety structure and can perform assembly work quickly and efficiently.

In the past, the assembly work of this kind of scaffolding was carried out in this way, that is, using materials such as binding wires or strip-shaped metal wires made of thick iron wires, and using binding tools collectively called fiber straps, people who have knowledge of scaffolding and master the assembly of scaffolding technical professionals. Therefore, in the past railing installation work, there were a lot of waste materials such as wire shavings during dismantling, it was difficult to ensure the availability of professionals, the assembly operation was time-consuming, and the wires or metal wires loosened after a period of time and needed to be re-tightened, etc. Many questions.

Someone has proposed a railing assembling device that does not use a binding wire (with reference to Japanese Real Opening No. 58-128250 communique). As described in this gazette, in this device, railing pipes 15 are connected with metal tools 16 at intervals of pillars 2, and a fixing device for fixing one railing pipe is provided on the pillar portion. Therefore, it is necessary to use two kinds of installation tools at two places when installing the railing, and it takes more assembly time to perform the intermediate connection, and the pipe is easy to bend at the intermediate connection.

In addition, as the above-mentioned fixture, as shown in Figure 2 of the above-mentioned publication, the stopper 12, the pipe support 6, the hinge 11 and the cover 7 are made into a complicated special-shaped structure, and the wedge 9 needs to be knocked in additionally to make the Both the cover and the wedge maintain a sliding fit relationship, so the structure is relatively complicated. In addition, although the wedge is used to press the railing with the cover, it can be seen from Figure 3 that the railing is prevented from coming out with the following scheme. The position of the front end conflicts with the protruding part inside the front end of the stopper to prevent rotation. Therefore, when the balustrade bears a large pull-out force, it is easy to cause the stopper part to fall off due to deformation of each part or the like.

In construction sites and other sites, the following known railing installation devices are often used, that is, the railing installation device is composed of two ring-shaped parts that have a hinge in the middle and are in a vertical relationship with each other to combine the pillar and the railing. However, using this mounting tool also requires work such as tightening bolts and tools thereof, and only one railing can be mounted on one pillar. Therefore, for example, in a shipbuilding industry where there are a large number of railing assembly parts, the above-mentioned installation device cannot be used due to its high cost, a large number of complicated bolt fastening operations, and a large amount of work for installation and removal. satisfy.

The object of the present invention is to provide a railing installation device, which solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. The number of parts is small, the structure and manufacturing method are simple and the cost is low, no special tools are used, and the installation of the railing The operation is easy and quick without skill, and the railing can be firmly held to ensure sufficient safety. In addition, it is easy to dismantle and reuse, and does not generate waste, which is conducive to environmental protection.

In order to achieve the above object, the first invention of the present invention is a railing installation device for installing a railing on a pillar, which is characterized in that: it has a receiving part and a pressing part; the receiving part has a supported part supported by the above-mentioned pillar, And the loading and holding part that can place the above-mentioned railing and hold the above-mentioned railing between it and the above-mentioned pillar; When the receiving part is above, at least the lowering portion protrudes outwardly from the central position of the above-mentioned railing.

The second invention is based on the first invention, and is characterized in that: the above-mentioned support is formed in a circular tube shape, has a support member fixed on the above-mentioned support, the above-mentioned supported part has a circular tube-shaped part that can be embedded in the above-mentioned support, and It is supported by the support member so as to be rotatable around the center axis of the support.

A third invention is the handrail mounting device according to the first invention, wherein the pressing portion extends to the loading holding portion and can be fitted to the loading holding portion.

As described above, according to the present invention, in the first invention, the receiving member has a supported portion supported by a pillar, and a mounting and holding portion on which a railing can be placed and held between the railing and the pillar. The receiving part mounts the railing on the posts. This kind of installation is only to put the railing between the support and the holding part of the receiving part, so its operation is very simple. At this time, if the size of the mounting holding part is such that two railings can be placed, for example, two railings can be attached. As a result, the two handrails can be firmly connected to the pillar with an extremely simple operation.

As the pressing member, since there is a root portion with a hole through which the pillar can pass, the pressing member can be passed through the pillar after the railing is placed on the receiving member to fit with the pillar. And at this time, because there is at least a pressing portion protruding outwards from the central position of the railing, the pressing portion is pressed against the railing by the self-weight of the pressing member. This state can be realized only by making the hole of the pressing part go through on the pillar, so its operation is extremely simple.

Then, the railing can be attached to the post only in this state. That is, when the railing is placed on the receiving member and combined with the pillar, it is pressed by the pressing member to prevent it from coming out from above. A more detailed description of this effect follows.

The center of the railing is located at a position that deviates outward from the center of the pillar more than the outer peripheral surface of the pillar, so for example, when the railing is lifted upwards to come out of the receiving part, it will be at the center of the receiving part where it is placed. There is an upward force acting on the railing, which pushes up the pressing portion of the pressing member. The force can be converted into an upward thrust pushing the pressing part upward along the center of the pillar, and a moment driving the pressing part to rotate around the center of the pillar.

As a pressing part, it is in a free state because it is not fixed. Therefore, if only an upward thrust is applied, it will be lifted under the action of this force, so the railing is also lifted and falls off from the receiving part. It cannot perform its due function as a railing installation device. However, not only the above-mentioned moment is acting, but also the pressing part has a certain thickness, and there is at least a slight gap between the hole of the holding part and the pillar, so under the action of the above-mentioned moment, the hole of the pressing part is produced to make the hole of the pressing part The force couple that acts in the direction that the upper end of the edge near the side of the pillar and its opposite lower end "eat into" the outer surface of the pillar.

This couple puts the pressing member in a so-called "snap" state. That is, the contact point between the above-mentioned upper and lower ends of the pressing part and the outer surface of the pillar will be slightly deformed, even though it is very small, the pressing part will also "eat" into the outer surface of the pillar, so that the two are in a snap-locked state, and It has nothing to do with issues such as coefficient of friction and angle of friction between the hold-down part and the strut. And, if the upward thrust of the railing increases, the moment and therefore the above-mentioned couple will increase in proportion to the upward thrust. Therefore, the locked state is further deepened, so that the pressing member cannot move further. As a result, the railing installation state can be reliably maintained. Therefore, the safety of the railing installation device of the present invention is extremely high.

According to the above-mentioned structure of the present invention, it is possible to utilize the simple-shaped receiving part supported by the pillar and only accepting the railing, and the simpler shape of the pressing part having a hole and only covering the railing placed thereon. The installation of the railing is realized only by an extremely simple operation such as inserting the railing and fitting the push-down member. Also, no special tools are required at this time. Therefore, compared with conventional devices, it is possible to significantly reduce the cost of the device and the time required for operation. Moreover, the railing installation operation does not require skill and proficiency at all.

Plus, when a railing or post is damaged, it's easy to replace. Moreover, not only is it easy to dismantle the railing, but also the installation device for the railing can be reused after the railing is removed. Therefore, waste materials will not be generated during the removal as in the prior art, which is beneficial to environmental protection. In addition, since the self-tightening force of the pressing member as described above is utilized, its effect will not change over time, and it can be maintained even under vibration and shaking, and maintenance work such as retightening is not necessary. It is also helpful to realize labor saving. Due to the above-mentioned advantages, the railing installation device of the present invention is a highly practical device especially for the shipbuilding and construction industries where a large amount of railings are installed.

As a second invention, in addition to the above-mentioned structure, when the support is formed in a circular tube shape, the supported part has a circular tube-shaped part that can be fitted on the support, and the receiving member having the supported part can rotate at any angle. Furthermore, since a support member fixed to the support is provided, and the supported portion is supported rotatably around the center axis of the support with respect to the support member, the receiving member can freely rotate even when the support member is fixed. Thus, the railing can be mounted in any angular orientation thereof relative to the post. As a result, not only the installation work of the railing becomes easy, but also the railing can be installed in any direction along the outer shape of the finished product, for example, so that the assembly is easy and the applicable range is expanded.

As a third invention, in addition to the first invention, the protruding portion of the depressing member is extended to the mounting holding portion and fits therewith, thereby stably maintaining the railing depressing state of the depressing member. As a result, the installation state of a railing can be made more reliable.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a railing pipe fixing device for a prefabricated scaffold according to the present invention and an installed state thereof.

Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the above device.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the fixing plate part of the above-mentioned device.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the railing support and fixed state of the above-mentioned device.

Fig. 5 is a rear view of the railing support and fixed state of the above-mentioned device.

6( a ) is an explanatory diagram illustrating the state of force applied to the fixing plate, and ( b ) is an explanatory diagram enlarging the contact state between the edge of the hole of the fixing plate and the surface of the handrail.

Fig. 7(a) and (b) are explanatory diagrams of the test state of the railing pipe fixing device.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of another example of the handrail mounting device.

Fig. 9 is another example of the railing installation device, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a rear view.

Fig. 10 is still another example of the railing installation device, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a side view.

1 to 5 show examples of a railing pipe fixing device for an assembled scaffold using the railing installation device of the present invention and its installation state.

This device is a device for installing the railing 2 on the pillar 1. It is mainly composed of the receiving device 3 as the receiving part and the fixing plate 4 as the pressing part. The cylindrical body 31 as the supported part and the bent plate 32 as the loading and holding part for placing the railing 2 and holding the railing between the pillar 1, the fixed plate 4 has a hole that can pass through The root portion 42 and the pressing portion 43 of the hole 41 of the pillar 1 . In the illustrated example, the railing 2 is composed of two upper and lower railings 22, 21, which are installed and connected at their two ends by railing tube fixing devices. Both the cylinder body 31 and the bent plate 32 are combined by welding. They are welded together with reinforcing rib 33 and strengthened.

The pillar 1 of this example is formed in the shape of a circular tube, and the pin 5 as a support member fixed thereon is inserted into the pillar 1 . The cylindrical body 31 is in the shape of a circular tube and can be nested on the pillar 1 and supported by the pin 5 to rotate around the central axis C1 of the pillar 1 . Number 6 is a rotation receiving ring interposed between the pin 5 and the receiving device 3 to smooth the rotation of the receiving device 3 .

The pressing portion 43 of the fixing plate 4 extends to the bent plate 32 , and can fit with the bent plate 32 through the groove 32 a formed on the bent plate 32 . With such a structure, the state of pressing down on the railing 22 by the fixing plate 4 can be kept stable, and the railing can reliably maintain the installed state. And in this structure, as the solution of slotting on the bent plate 32, it is also possible to replace the pressing portion 43 of the fixing plate 4 into a bifurcated shape, so that the bent plate 32 is fitted in the groove.

The fit of this part is designed to prevent the pressing part 43 from coming out of the groove 32a in the horizontal direction, preferably there is a certain degree of clearance between them, so that the pressing part 43 can freely enter and exit the groove 32a . In addition, it is preferable to make the diameter of the hole 41 of the fixing plate 4 about 2 to 3 mm larger than that of the pillar 1, so that the fixing plate 4 can be easily placed on the pillar 1.

Numbers 11, 21a, and 22a are protective caps embedded in the upper end of the pillar 1 and the ends of the railing pipes, respectively. In addition, in this example, while the pillar 1 is provided with the small protrusion 12, a small recess 42a is also provided on the part of the root 42 of the fixing plate 4. When the position of the recess and the protrusion are aligned, the fixing plate 4 can be moved from Pillar 1 passed. With this structure, after the fixing plate 4 is once embedded on the pillar 1, as long as the recess and the protrusion are not aligned, the fixing plate cannot escape from the pillar, which has the auxiliary function of preventing the fixing plate from falling out. However, the above structure may be omitted as long as it is a structure in which the fixing plate does not fall out as follows. The railing pipe fixing device described above can be easily manufactured by machining, bending and welding.

In Fig. 1, the railing and its installation part shown in two sections, in a narrow sense, the upper section is a handrail and the lower section is called a middle lattice, but the railing installation device of the present invention is of course both of the above-mentioned parties as objects. In addition, it is obvious that the present invention is also suitable for occasions where the size of the railing 2 is relatively long, and only one railing needs to be installed and fixed on the pillar with its middle part as required. This is the case for the position of the fastening plate 4 shown by the two-dashed line in FIG. 4 .

The railing tube fixing device for assembled scaffolding described above is assembled and used in the following manner.

After the pillar 1 is erected as a scaffolding device, the pin 5 is embedded in the pillar 1 . At this time, tools such as a hammer and pliers that workers usually carry are used as needed. Next, insert the rotating receiving ring 6 and the receiving device 3 into the pillars in sequence, so that the ends of the railings 21, 22 drop to the bottom in the space formed between the pillar 1 and the curved plate 32 of the receiving device 3, and then insert the fixed plate 4 into the pillar. On the pillar 1, make its pressing part 43 press on the pillar 22 and embed in the groove 32a of the bent plate 32, like this, the installation operation of a railing on the pillar is completed. When the small protrusion 12 is provided, the concave portion 42 a of the fixing plate root 42 is aligned and passed over the small protrusion 12 .

Only with such an extremely simple operation, one pillar and two railings can be fixed. In this example, the receiving device 3 can rotate freely relative to the pillar 1, so when installing railings sequentially on a plurality of vertical pillars, it is easy to make the direction of the curved plate 32 consistent with the direction of one railing 21, which can easily The railing 22 connected to the railing 21 is assembled in the same direction. In addition, if the ends of the two railings are installed on one pillar as described above, the installation of the railing on the pillar and the connection between the railings can be realized at the same time, so the installation work of the railing can be performed more simply.

Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining the principle of securely fixing the railing with the above-mentioned extremely simple device. For the downward force exerted on the railing, the strength that the pin 5 or the receiving device 3 should have can be satisfied by the usual design, so here, only the case where the upward force F is applied on the railing will be described .

When the fixed plate 4 is in the state of falling to the bottom on the pillar 1, due to its own weight and the position of the center of gravity, as shown in the figure, when the point P ₁ is in contact with the upper end of the railing 2, due to the diameter of the hole 41 The gap between the two diameters of the pillar 1 is also in contact with the outer surface of the pillar ₁ at the upper and lower end positions _P2 and _P3 of the inner and outer edges of the hole surface of the root 42, which are slightly inclined from the horizontal line at point P2. . If the stanchion and railing are both of the same diameter, the distance between these points of contact is approximately the radius R and 2R of the pipe. Therefore, the force F acting directly on the fixed plate 4 can be transformed into: a hypothetical force F′=F acting on the center O of the root 42 and a moment M=2RF around the center O.

Wherein, F' is the force that pushes up the fixing plate 4 to make the railing 2 disengage from the bent plate 32 , but, due to the action of the moment M, the disengagement of the bent plate can be prevented. That is, under the action of the moment M, at the positions _P2 and _P3 of the fixed plate 4, a force couple F'=F in a direction perpendicular to the straight line connecting them is generated, and the force couple F' acts on the pillar 1. on the outside. Due to the existence of this couple, the component force in the direction parallel to the outer surface of the pillar is canceled out, and the component force F'1 in the direction perpendicular to the outer surface of the pillar acts on the outer surface of the pillar from opposite directions. Therefore, the fixed The upper and lower ends of the plate 4 at the positions P ₂ and P ₃ clamp and elastically deform the outer surface of the pillar 1 , and “eat” into the outer surface of the pillar 1 . That is, a so-called "skid" action occurs.

As a result, slight deformation (depression) occurs on the convex outer surface of the pillar, as shown in part _P2 of FIG. 6(b). And, through the engagement between the outer surface of the pillar and the end surface of the fixed plate at the slightly deformed part, a force opposite to the direction of the upward thrust F acts on the fixed plate 4 from the outer surface of the pillar, and the coefficient of friction between the pillar and the fixed plate, etc. The problem is irrelevant, so that the fixing plate is locked and the railing 2 is fixed, thereby effectively preventing it from coming out. In addition, in this case, the force couple F'-F' is either the same as in this example or proportional to F, so that the position of the railing can be fixed regardless of the magnitude of F. When the device is to be dismantled, as long as the root 42 is lifted upwards without applying force to point P ₁ without forming "stuck", the fixed plate 4 will be easily disengaged.

Fig. 7 shows the situation when the inventors use the railing tube fixing device of this example to conduct a safety evaluation test.

In (a), the railing tube fixing device 10 of this example is used to install railings 21, 22 on the pillars ₁₁ and ₁₂ , and a 70kg hammer W with a 3m long cable is bound and fixed at the center of the railing 22 to carry out A downward load test in which the hammer W falls freely from the position of the railing. In this test, although the central portion of the railing was bent, no abnormality occurred in the railing tube fixing device 10 portion. Therefore, the safety of the device of this example was confirmed.

In (b), apply an upward force F=200kg to the center position of the railing 22 installed in the same way and the position close to the railing pipe fixing device 10, and carry out an upward load test. Also in this test, when a force was applied to the center position, the center portion of the railing was bent, but no abnormality occurred in the railing installation portion. That is, the fixing force of the fixing plate 4 of the railing pipe fixing device 10 to the position of the railing was reliably exerted, and it was confirmed that the railing pipe fixing device has sufficient safety. If a plurality of railings are sequentially connected at both ends of the railings as in the device of the present invention, the bending rigidity of the central part of the railings is also greater than that of the existing intermediate connection type.

The above-mentioned fixing device of this example is supported by the pillars and only bears the simple-shaped receiving device 3 of the railing, and the fixed plate 4 with a very simple shape that only extends from the side with the hole and bends a little. Therefore, not only is it easy to manufacture, but the railing can be installed by performing an extremely simple operation of inserting the fixing plate after placing the railing. And, the job doesn't require any special tools. Moreover, the job requires absolutely no skill or proficiency. Therefore, compared with the existing railing installation method, the equipment cost can be reduced, and the simplicity and labor saving of the installation operation can be greatly improved.

In addition, when a railing or post is damaged, its replacement is simple. And, after the railing is removed, the receiving device 3, the fixing plate 4, etc. can be reused. Therefore, waste materials will not be produced after dismantling as in the past, which is beneficial to environmental protection. In addition, as mentioned above, the upward external force applied to the railing is counteracted by the post fastening force automatically generated on the fixing plate, so this effect does not change over time, and maintenance work such as re-tightening is not required, Labor saving can also be realized from this point.

8 and 9 show other examples of railing pipe fixing devices for assembled scaffolds.

In the example of Fig. 8, for the technical scheme of supporting the receiving device 3 with the pin 5 shown in Fig. to install. The example in FIG. 9 also omits the rib 33 , and the lower end of the bent plate 32 of the receiving device 3 is directly welded to the pillar 1 for installation. These examples can simplify the structure of the receiving device 3 . And even if the above-mentioned changes are made to the receiving device 3, the same fixing device as in Fig. 1 is still used, so the railing can be fixed simply and reliably as well. However, in these devices, the receiving device 3 cannot be rotated, so it is necessary to rotate the pillar in advance so as to be aligned with the direction of the railing. In addition, reuse of the receiver 3 becomes somewhat difficult.

Figure 10 shows yet another example of a railing fixture.

In this example, the bent plate 32 of the receiving device 3 is made into a flat plate shape without a groove 32a, and the width of the pressing part 43 of the fixed plate 4 is widened, and its size makes its front end L protrude outwards from the center C2 of the railing ₂ . close to the bent plate 32 . Even if such a fixed plate 4 is used, when it intends to rotate in the horizontal direction, its front end L collides with the bent plate 32 to prevent the rotation, so that the pressing portion 43 can be reliably positioned on the railing 2 . And, it has the same railing fixing function as that shown in FIG. 1 .

Above, the support 1 and the handrail 2 have been described as examples of round pipes, but even if any one or both of them are square pipes, the handrail mounting device of the present invention can also be used. In addition, even if the pillar is a round pipe, the hole 41 of the fixing plate 4 may be made into another shape such as a polygon or an ellipse instead of a circle. In addition, in the examples such as Fig. 1, the case where the railing 2 is arranged approximately horizontally is described, but even if the scaffolding device or the like has a certain degree of slope in the vertical direction, the railing installation device of the present invention can also use. And, the device of the present invention can be used no matter for temporary erection or long-term erection.

Claims (3)

1. A railing mounting device for mounting a railing to a post, characterized in that: It has a receiving part and a pressing part; the receiving part has a supported part supported by the above-mentioned pillar, and a loading holding part that can place the above-mentioned railing and hold the above-mentioned railing between the above-mentioned pillar; the pressing down The member has a root portion with a hole through which the support can pass, and a depression protruding outwardly at least from a central position of the rail when the rail is placed on the receiving member. 2. The railing installation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the above-mentioned pillar is formed in a circular tube shape, has a support member fixed on the above-mentioned pillar, and the above-mentioned supported part has a circular tubular part that can be embedded on the above-mentioned pillar, and is received The supporting member is supported so as to be rotatable around the central axis of the support. 3. The railing installation device according to claim 1, wherein the pressing portion extends to the loading holding portion and can be fitted with the loading holding portion.

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