Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of special additive, this additive is directly joined in the raw material of delayed coking, by suppressing the generation of coke and dry gas, improve the yield of liquid oil.Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of this additive.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
Additive provided by the invention is made up of following component:
Thermo-cracking active substance 10-20 weight part,
Radical chain reaction inhibitor 30-40 weight part,
Antiscorch(ing) 20-30 weight part,
Solvent 10-20 weight part.
Preferably:
Thermo-cracking active substance 13-17 weight part,
Radical chain reaction inhibitor 34-38 weight part,
Antiscorch(ing) 23-26 weight part,
Solvent 13-18 weight part.
Described thermo-cracking active substance is general thermo-cracking active substance; Preferred molecular weight is the polyoxyethylene of 5000-12000 and block polyether, the C of polyoxypropylene block copolymerization
8-C
12Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene sulphonate or anhydrous sorbitol Soxylat A 25-7 sulphonate.
Described radical chain reaction inhibitor is general radical chain reaction inhibitor; Preferred four [B-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid octadecanol ester, N-phenyl-αNai An, two dodecyl diphenylamine, styryl octyl diphenylamine or phenyl phosphites.
Described antiscorch(ing) is general antiscorch(ing); Preferred sulfenic acid acid amides (structural formula is as follows)
(R wherein
1, R
2, R
3Be C
8-C
12Alkyl), C
6-C
10Alkylated phenol, 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, styrenated phenol or N-nitroso-group-Phenyl beta naphthylamine.
Described solvent is an organic solvent; Preferred kerosene or diesel oil.
Improve the ultimate principle that liquid is received:
When residual oil carried out delayed coking, following complexity, the reaction of parallel network took place
Above-mentioned heat scission reaction can be described with radical chain reaction mechanism:
(1) initiation of chain
Hydrocarbon molecules under heating condition at first homolysis generate free radical
(2) development of chain
(3) free radical decomposes
Free radical can decompose generation olefin hydrocarbon molecules and new free radical, and this Decomposition occurs on the β key position of that carbon atom with unpaired electron, for example:
So productive rate height of dry gas in the productivity ratio catalytic cracking of dry gas in the thermally splitting product.
(4) chain termination
R·→R
1
Add the synthetic active polymeric substance, can interact, make free radical generation homolytic reaction, thereby reduce the generation of cracked gas with unpaired electron.
The generation of coke is the comprehensive of pyrolysis and condensation reaction, and its mechanism is:
(1) chain begins
(2) chain development
Under micro amount of oxygen and transition metal-catalyzed effect:
(3) bituminous matter, coke form
Described asphaltic base is that bituminous matter is sloughed H
+After material.
Described pitch is a kind of hydrocarbon compound, is to be master's black thick liquid, semiliquid or solid matter by bituminous matter and resin.
Described bituminous matter is the condensed-nuclei aromatics that contains oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur heteroatom, and proportion and ratio of carbon-hydrogen are greater than colloid.
Described colloid is many rings or the condensed-nuclei aromatics compound that contains oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur heteroatom, molecular-weight average 600-800, and sorrel is to dun semiliquid gelatinoid.
The synthetic active polymeric substance can also react with superoxide (ROOH), and chain reaction is ended, and generates thereby reduce coke.
The product that above-mentioned additive only changes delayed coking process distributes, and does not change the quality index such as boiling range, density, hydrocarbon bunch composition, carbon residue of gasoline, diesel oil and wax oil liquid products such as (500 ℃>boiling point>350 ℃ hydro carbons).Additive is the oil soluble organic compound, and following process process such as coker gasoline, coker gas oil hydrofining, wax tailings catalytic cracking and wax tailings shortening etc. are not had influence.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned additive.This preparation method may further comprise the steps: earlier solvent is added in the enamel stirred autoclave, in 1-2 hour, slowly be warmed up to 60-110 ℃, add thermo-cracking active substance, radical chain reaction inhibitor and antiscorch(ing) then successively in proportion, stirring reaction 1-2 hour, cooled and filtered was removed solid impurity and is got product.
Use this additive in industrial production, this additive is joined in the raw material of delayed coking, the add-on of additive is 100-500ppm; Preferred 100-300ppm; More preferably 300ppm.
The additive that uses the present invention to propose is 1,000,000 tons a delayed coking unit industrial test through the New Year processing power, shows and can improve yield of light oil 3%-5%.The additive that in delayed coking, uses the present invention to propose, easy and simple to handle, expense is cheap, liquid receive high, economic benefit is high.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Earlier 1700g kerosene is added in the enamel stirred autoclave, in 1.5 hours, slowly be warmed up to 80 ℃, add 1650g anhydrous sorbitol Soxylat A 25-7 sulphonate, 3500g styryl octyl diphenylamine and 2500g 2 then successively, the 6-ditertbutylparacresol, stirring reaction 2 hours, cooling, solids removed by filtration impurity gets product.
Embodiment 2
Earlier 1600g diesel oil is added in the enamel stirred autoclave, in 1.5 hours, slowly be warmed up to 80 ℃, add the 1600g molecular weight then successively and be block polyether, 3600g four [β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester and the 2550g styrenated phenol of 7000 polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene block copolymerization, stirring reaction 80 minutes, cooling, solids removed by filtration impurity gets product.
Embodiment 3
Earlier 1800g kerosene is added in the enamel stirred autoclave, in 2 hours, slowly be warmed up to 70 ℃, add 1850g polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether sulphonate, 3900g β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid octadecanol ester and 2700g N-nitroso-group-Phenyl beta naphthylamine then successively, stirring reaction 1.5 hours, cooling, solids removed by filtration impurity gets product.
Embodiment 4
Earlier 1900g diesel oil is added in the enamel stirred autoclave, in 2 hours, slowly be warmed up to 100 ℃, add the 1900g molecular weight then successively and be 10000 the polyoxyethylene and the two dodecyl diphenylamine of block polyether, 3850g and the 2950g octyl group phenol of polyoxypropylene block copolymerization, stirring reaction 100 minutes, cooling, solids removed by filtration impurity gets product.
Embodiment 5
Earlier 1350g kerosene is added in the enamel stirred autoclave, in 80 minutes, slowly is warmed up to 90 ℃, add successively then 1450g decyl phenol polyethenoxy ether sulphonate, 3400g N-phenyl-αNai An and
Stirring reaction 80 minutes, cooling, solids removed by filtration impurity gets product.
Embodiment 6
Earlier 1100g diesel oil is added in the enamel stirred autoclave, in 70 minutes, slowly is warmed up to 80 ℃, add successively then 1200g hendecane base phenol polyethenoxy ether sulphonate, 3200g phenyl phosphites and
Stirring reaction 1.5 hours, cooling, solids removed by filtration impurity gets product.
Embodiment 7 (delayed coking simulation industrial test)
A. delayed coking simulation industrial test device is seen accompanying drawing 1.
B. key instrument and equipment
Serial number name model/specification the place of production
The self-control of 1 water vapour producer Φ 400*400 stainless steel
In electrically heated rod is arranged
The self-control of 2 residual oil storage tank 200*200 stainless steel cylindrical vessels
The Zhijiang River, 3 plunger metering pump J-10/63/50 Hangzhou petrochemical industry dress
Have limit company
4 process furnace temperature controller SR25-IP-N-060000 Tokyos
The self-control of 5 furnace tubing Φ, 4 stainless steels
6 process furnace SK-2-3-10 Shenyang electric furnace factories
7 heater outlet temperature registering instrument LM14-204 Shanghai Dahua Instrument and Meter Plant
The self-control of 8 coking tower Φ, 200 * 1000 stainless steels
The self-control of 9 condenser Φ, 10 * 500 glass
C. test technology condition
Following operational condition is all adopted in blank test and the test of use additive:
1) the residual oil charging temperature is 100 ℃ ± 1 ℃
2) furnace temp is 590 ℃ ± 2 ℃
3) the residual oil tapping temperature is 496 ℃ ± 2 ℃
4) water vapour injection rate 2% (accounting for the mass rate of residual oil)
5) residual oil flow velocity 1.3 (m/s) (under the residual oil charging temperature) in boiler tube
6) boiler tube diameter 4 (mm) (internal diameter)
7) residual oil flow 1.0 (L/min)
D. testing sequence
1) open electrical heater, regulating the temperature controller temperature is 590 ℃, and the adjusting heat-up rate is 10-20
℃/min;
2) open residual oil storage tank heating tape, the control residue oil temperature is 100 ℃;
3) open the residual oil volume pump, treat that the residual oil flow reaches stable;
4) open steam generator, controlled temperature is 200 ℃, regulates flow with blow-off valve, makes water vapor stream
Amount reaches 20mL/min;
5) open the residual oil flow valve;
6) record residual oil temperature out, keeping the residual oil temperature out is 496 ℃, if not in this temperature, can regulate
Furnace temp makes it reach this temperature;
7) cut<205 ℃ gasoline fraction, 206 ℃-330 ℃ fraction of diesel oil, 331 ℃-350 ℃ wax oil
Fraction;
8) calculate residual oil consumption, weighing amount of coke, and root according to the weightlessness in the residual oil storage tank
Calculate gas yield according to following formula:
Gas yield=residual oil consumption-amount of gasoline-diesel oil amount-wax oil amount-amount of coke
Described amount all refers to weight.
When 9) using the additive test, additive is pressed 300ppm add in the residual oil storage tank, stir, again
Test by above-mentioned steps.
E. test raw material
Test raw material is a vacuum residuum, and its physical properties sees the following form.
Project | Relative density d
4 20)
| Zero pour (℃) | Carbon residue quality percentage composition (%) | C quality percentage composition (%) | H quality percentage composition (%) | S quality percentage composition (%) | N quality percentage composition (%) | Ni quality percentage composition (ppm) | V quality percentage composition (ppm) |
The result | 0.9546 | 36 | 14.8 | 86.4 | 112 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 67 | 4.6 |
F. blank test (not doping) result
Carry out twice blank test, the results are shown in following table.
Raw materials quality (g) | Gasoline | Diesel oil | Wax oil | Coke | Gas | Total liquid is received (%) |
Output (g) | Yield (%) | Output (g) | Yield (%) | Output (g) | Yield (%) | Output (g) | Yield (%) | Output (g) | Yield (%) |
202 | 14.9 | 7.38 | 80.3 | 39.75 | 38.3 | 18.96 | 54.21 | 26.8 | 14.4 | 7.13 | 66.09 |
980 | 71.1 | 7.25 | 390.4 | 39.84 | 187.4 | 19.12 | 259.7 | 26.5 | 71.4 | 7.29 | 66.21 |
G. use the test of additive
With blank test identical operations condition under, add the additive of 300ppm, carried out twice test, the results are shown in following table.
Raw materials quality (g) |
Gasoline |
Diesel oil |
Wax oil |
Coke |
Gas |
Total liquid is received (%) |
Output (g) |
Yield (%) |
Output (g) |
Yield (%) |
Output (g) |
Yield (%) |
Output (g) |
Yield (%) |
Output (g) |
Yield (%) |
200 |
15.6 |
7.80 |
85.7 |
42.85 |
41.4 |
20.70 |
51.4 |
25.70 |
5.9 |
2.95 |
71.35 |
994 |
77.7 |
7.82 |
426.5 |
42.91 |
205.2 |
20.64 |
255.2 |
25.67 |
29.4 |
2.96 |
71.37 |
From above two contrasts of showing as can be seen, total liquid receipts (gasoline, diesel oil and wax oil) have increased about 5% behind the adding additive.Wherein, diesel oil has increased about 3%, and wax oil has increased about 1.5%, and gasoline has increased about 0.5%, and gas reduces about 4%, and coke reduces about 1%.
H. the additive add-on is to improving the influence that liquid is received
Additive inlet (ppm) | Residual oil amount (g) | Liquid mixing oil mass (g) | Total liquid is received (%) | Total liquid is received increased value (%) | Coke yield (%) | Gas yield (%) |
0 | 994 | 655.2 | 65.92 | 0 | 26.64 | 7.44 |
100 | 1022 | 692.8 | 69.79 | 1.87 | 25.53 | 6.68 |
200 | 1016 | 704.5 | 69.34 | 3.42 | 25.50 | 5.16 |
300 | 994 | 709.4 | 71.37 | 5.45 | 25.70 | 2.96 |
500 | 1008 | 718.3 | 71.26 | 5.34 | 25.51 | 3.23 |
As can be seen from the above table, total liquid was received when the additive add-on was 100ppm increases by 1.87%, total liquid was received when the additive add-on was 200ppm increases by 3.42%, and total liquid was received when the additive add-on was 300ppm increases by 5.45%, and total liquid was received no longer when the additive add-on was 500ppm increases.
I. distillation test result
To simulation test (comprise blank test and use the additive test), the mixing oil that comes out from coking tower carries out distillation test, cuts the gasoline boiling range and be initial boiling point-180 ℃, diesel oil 180-350 ℃, greater than 350 ℃ the wax oils that are.Test-results sees the following form.
Additive usage quantity (ppm) |
Mix oil mass (g) |
Amount of gasoline (g) |
Yield of gasoline (g) |
Gasoline density g/cm
3)
|
Diesel oil amount (g) |
Diesel yield (%) |
Diesel oil density (g/cm
3)
|
Wax oil amount (g) |
Wax oil yield (%) |
Distillation loss (g) |
Distillation loss rate (g) |
0 |
655.2 |
65.6 |
10.01 |
0.7088 |
194.9 |
29.75 |
0.8764 |
164.6 |
25.12 |
6.81 |
1.04 |
100 |
692.8 |
71.1 |
10.26 |
0.7051 |
218.7 |
31.57 |
0.8767 |
172.5 |
24.90 |
7.40 |
1.07 |
200 |
704.5 |
72.9 |
10.34 |
0.7067 |
228.9 |
32.49 |
0.8649 |
177.0 |
25.12 |
9.79 |
1.39 |
500 |
718.3 |
74.8 |
10.41 |
0.7068 |
248.7 |
34.76 |
0.8788 |
179.2 |
24.59 |
8.19 |
1.14 |
Yield of gasoline, diesel yield, wax oil yield and distillation loss rate are all calculated raw material residual oil in the last table.From table data as can be seen, use additive after, the wax oil yield changes little, yield of gasoline slightly increases, it is main that what increase is diesel oil.
J. coke chemicals chemical composition analysis
1. gasoline compositional analysis result
Gasoline fraction hydrocarbon system forms and the sulphur nitrogen content
| Alkane (quality %) | Naphthenic hydrocarbon (quality %) | Alkene (quality %) | Aromatic hydrocarbons (quality %) | Add up to (quality %) | Sulphur (μ g/g) | Nitrogen (μ g/g) |
Blank | 37.6 | 8.4 | 34.2 | 19.6 | 99.8 | 1060 | 182 |
Doping | 35.8 | 8.1 | 35.1 | 20.7 | 99.7 | 1078 | 194 |
2. diesel oil compositional analysis result
Diesel oil distillate hydrocarbon system forms and the sulphur nitrogen content
| Alkane (quality %) | Alkene (quality %) | Aromatic hydrocarbons (quality %) | Add up to (quality %) | Sulphur (quality %) | Nitrogen (quality %) |
Blank | 46.3 | 31.6 | 21.7 | 99.6 | 0.32 | 0.13 |
Doping | 45.2 | 32.4 | 22.1 | 99.7 | 0.33 | 0.12 |
3. wax oil compositional analysis result
Wax oil fractions consisting and sulphur, nitrogen, carbon residue content
| Stable hydrocarbon (quality %) | Aromatic hydrocarbons (quality %) | Colloid+bituminous matter (quality %) | Add up to (quality %) | Sulphur (quality %) | Nitrogen (quality %) | Carbon residue (quality %) |
Blank | 55.0 | 38.5 | 6.2 | 99.7 | 0.64 | 0.31 | 0.42 |
Doping | 54.9 | 38.3 | 6.4 | 99.6 | 0.62 | 0.34 | 0.46 |
From above three tables as can be seen, use additive that the physicochemical property of gained oil product are not had obvious influence.