CN1147575C - Hydrogenation process for preparing diesel oil from coal-tar oil - Google Patents
Hydrogenation process for preparing diesel oil from coal-tar oilInfo
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- CN1147575C CN1147575C CNB001231464A CN00123146A CN1147575C CN 1147575 C CN1147575 C CN 1147575C CN B001231464 A CNB001231464 A CN B001231464A CN 00123146 A CN00123146 A CN 00123146A CN 1147575 C CN1147575 C CN 1147575C
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- oil
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- catalyst
- treatment process
- coal tar
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a hydrofining processing method for producing diesel oil by coal tar. The coal tar is extracted into residual oil and distillate oil, wherein the hydrogenation is carried out to the distillate oil in a hydrofining device. A reaction product is used for producing gasoline and diesel oil by a high fractionating stripping tower. The method provides a new way for the utilization of the coal tar; meanwhile, a new supply source of diesel oil is provided under the condition that the diesel oil is gradually and continuously required more.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrofining technology of producing diesel oil by coal tar.
How effectively to utilize coal resource and make it meet the research direction that environmental protection requirement is various countries always.Produce coal gas with coal, by-product coal tar is a kind of method relatively more commonly used.How effectively utilizing coal tar is the comprehensive utilization important step of coal.Usual method is to produce Chemicals such as benzene, pyridine with the chemical industry method, and this method separation or purification difficulty are bigger, are difficult for the formation scale.Have after overpickling, alkali cleaning yet and make oil fuel, but acid sludge, alkaline residue that this method produces are difficult to processing, oil fuel does not meet environmental protection standard yet.
Method of hydrotreating also has employing in the process of handling coal tar, be mainly used to the production chemical product, obtains some Chemicals by the selectable hydrogenation of low pressure.The method that coal tar hydrorefining is produced oil fuel three, the forties possesses some special knowledge.Be limited to technical qualification at that time, need High Temperature High Pressure, and security, poor stability, many not successes; Along with increasing substantially of oil production rate, the also rare research of this technology.In recent years, the demand of diesel oil rolls up with expanding economy, is subjected to the restriction of crude charging capacity and working ability, and production of diesel oil can not satisfy the demand in market, and this provides economic possibility for coal tar hydrorefining.And hydrofining technology is constantly perfect, the improvement of catalyst activity, also provides technological possibility for it.
US4855037 has introduced a kind of Catalyst And Method of hydrogenation treatment for coal tar, and the coal tar after the hydrotreatment is used for delayed coking.This method mainly is by improving aperture, pore distribution and the metal component of catalyzer, and select suitable process conditions to improve the stability of catalyzer, make catalyzer when handling full cut of coal tar or tar-bitumen, can keep long-term operation, and improve the quality that generates Jiao in the delayed coking.This method is mainly used in the pre-treatment of delayed coking, not production purpose product.This method is mainly handled mink cell focus, and the working pressure height is invested bigger.
CN 88105117 has introduced a kind of prescription and compound method thereof of fuel reagent replacing diesel.This invention is raw material with coal tar, through refining, distills an emulsification, and operations such as water mixing, purification are made fuel oil, and it is proper that this product is used as oil fuel, but be not suitable for diesel engine.
The objective of the invention is to produce diesel oil, for the utilization of coal tar provides a kind of feasible scheme by hydrofining coal tar.
Processing coal production coal gas, by-product coal tar simultaneously.Coal tar is characterized in that nitrogen content height, cetane value are low, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phenol content are higher, the ratio of carbon-hydrogen height.Therefore coal tar is carried out the coking that hydrofining need prevent catalyzer, and make aromatic hydrocarbons saturated.
The invention provides a kind of coal tar oil treatment process, comprise following steps:
(1) coal tar is become residual oil and distilled oil through fractionation by distillation;
(2) distilled oil with step (1) carries out hydrogenation in hydro-refining unit, obtains gas, liquid two-phase product;
(3) liquid product in the step (2) is sent into stripping tower, obtain gasoline, diesel oil through stripping.
Wherein the said distillation of step (1) is air distillation, will be less than 370 ℃ component as distilled oil.
Said hydro-refining unit adopts gas/liquid and flows down flow reactor in the step (2), operate under the middle pressure condition, reaction conditions is following listed: 340～370 ℃ of temperature of reaction, pressure 6.0～12.0MPa, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 600: 1～1200: 1 and air speed 0.5～1.2h
-1Preferred reaction conditions is as follows: 350～360 ℃ of temperature of reaction, pressure 8.0～10.0MPa, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 800: 1～1 000: 1 and air speed 0.6～1.0h
-1The present invention has selected three kinds of catalyst supply grading loadings for use.A kind of is protective material, can adopt any existing protective material, and the characteristics of this agent are large pore volumes, the wide aperture.The typical case forms: molybdenum oxide 2%～10%, and nickel oxide 1%～5%, all the other are aluminum oxide.The catalyzer pore volume is 0.50ml/g～0.80ml/g, and specific surface is 140m
2/ g～230m
2/ g.It is strong that this protective material holds dirty thing ability, and suitable reactive behavior is arranged.A kind of is Hydrobon catalyst, and the catalyzer composition is by weight percentage: Tungsten oxide 99.999 15%～25%, and molybdenum oxide 6%～12%, nickel oxide 2%～8%, all the other are siliceous aluminum oxide.The catalyzer pore volume is 0.20ml/g～0.50ml/g, and specific surface is 110m
2/ g～160m
2/ g.But impurity such as this catalyzer effective elimination sulphur, nitrogen reduce gum level with the raising diesel quality, and make aromatic hydrocarbons saturated.A kind of is dearomatization catalyst, can select the active high catalyzer of hydrogenation dearomatizations such as tungstenic, nickel or tungsten, molybdenum, nickel for use, makes aromatic hydrogenation saturated.The hydrogenation dearomatization catalyst of preferred tungstenic, nickel, its composition is by weight percentage: Tungsten oxide 99.999 10%～25%, nickel oxide 3%～10%, all the other are siliceous aluminum oxide.This catalyzer pore volume is 0.20ml/g～0.50ml/g, and specific surface is 110m
2/ g～200m
2/ g.This catalyzer can reduce aromaticity content, increases substantially cetane value.According to different situations, technical scheme of the present invention can be divided into two sections gratings, three sections gratings and connect three kinds.
Further describe technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of two sections grating schemes of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet of three sections grating schemes of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the process flow sheet of tandem plan of the present invention.
Two sections gratings are suitable for having the higher diesel oil of other Cetane number can supply the situation of blending. Its principle technology General flow chart (Fig. 1) is: feedstock oil is divided into distillate oil and residual oil 7 through normal pressure distilling apparatus 1, and distillate oil enters Hydrofining reactor 2 reactions, product is isolated gas phase 8 and liquid phase through separator 3, and liquid phase is extremely Stripping tower 4 obtains refined diesel oil 10 and raw gasoline 9. Used catalyst is top dress part protective agent 5, Protectant consumption is 5%～20% of catalyst cumulative volume loadings, and all the other load Hydrobon catalyst 6. This scheme can be produced the diesel oil that except Cetane number other index all meets national standard. Although diesel product Need to allocate with other diesel oil or add cetane number improver, but this scheme technological process is simple, the diesel yield height, Applicability is stronger.
Three sections grading distribution scheme technological processes and two sections grading distribution schemes are basically identical, just take off virtue in the foot filling Be main catalyst 11, the consumption of dearomatization catalyst is 20%～50% of catalyst cumulative volume loadings, its Characteristics are that hydrogenation dearomatization is active high, make aromatic hydrogenation saturated. The process chart of this scheme is seen Fig. 2. The party Case can be produced after adding cetane number improver and be met 0 of national standard#Diesel oil. This scheme technological operation The property more flexible, diesel yield decreases, this scheme be applicable to do not have other diesel oil can be for the situation of blending.
Tandem plan is exactly the reactor with two series connection of above-mentioned three kinds of catalyst packing, i.e. reactor 2 and anti-Answer device 12, the Catalyst packing ratio can be decided according to processing the different material oil nature, general one anti-dress protective agent And hydrogenation catalyst, two anti-dress dearomatization catalysts, process chart is seen Fig. 3. This scheme technological operation is flexible, The diesel oil that can directly production Cetane number meets national standard. Weak point is that investment cost is big.
Can find out that from top narration coal tar hydrorefining technology of the present invention has following features:
1, on the basis of existing hydrofining technology, for the coal tar utilization provides a kind of new way.
2, take into full account the characteristics of coal tar raw material, carried out suitable design from the technological process aspect.
3, the present invention has designed several schemes according to different situations, is applicable to respectively to process different material oil, has Stronger economy and flexibility.
4, be becoming tight in oil supply day, in the situation that the diesel oil demand goes up, provide new diesel oil source of supply.
Further set forth technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with example:
Adopt the technical scheme of two sections gratings that coal tar is handled, raw materials used character sees Table 1, and distilled oil character sees Table 2.
Table 1 coal tar character
Oil product title stock oil
Density (20 ℃), g/cm
30.952
Boiling range, ℃
Fore-running/10% 84/156
30％/50％ 229/284
70％/90％ 353/432
95%/heat up in a steamer eventually-/-
Alkali nitrogen, μ g/g 5120
Nitrogen, μ g/g 8231
Sulphur, μ g/g 5311
Zero pour, ℃ 10
Viscosity (40 ℃), mm
2/ s 5.112
Carbon residue, m% 1.11
Bituminous matter, m% 1.02
Table 2 distilled oil character
Oil product title distilled oil
Density (20 ℃), g/cm
30.9247
Boiling range, ℃
Fore-running/10% 59/122
30％/50％ 204/239
70％/90％ 279/337
95%/eventually heats up in a steamer 369/376
Alkali nitrogen, μ g/g 4369
Nitrogen, μ g/g 7132
Sulphur, μ g/g 4391
Existent gum, mg/100ml 162
Zero pour, ℃-4
Acidity, mgKOH/100ml 22.07
Viscosity (20 ℃), mm
2/ s 4.736
Flash-point, ℃ 18
Cetane index 19.6
The concrete operations flow process is seen accompanying drawing 1.Stock oil is divided into distilled oil and residual oil 7 through normal pressure water distilling apparatus 1, and distilled oil enters hydrofining reactor 2 reactions, and reaction product is isolated gas phase 8 and liquid phase through tripping device 3, and liquid phase to gas stripping column 4 obtains refined diesel oil 10 and raw gasline 9.Filling scheme is a top dress protective material, and its molybdenum oxide content is 7.0%, and nickel oxide content is 1.5%, and pore volume is 0.55ml/g, and specific surface is 180m
2/ g, loadings is 10% of a catalyzer cumulative volume loadings.All the other load Hydrobon catalyst, and this catalyst oxidation W content is 18%, and molybdenum oxide content is 8%, and nickel oxide content is 4%, and pore volume is 0.30ml/g, and specific surface is 130m
2/ g.Concrete operations condition and products obtained therefrom character see Table 3.
Table 3 diesel oil analytical data
Hydrogen pressure, MPa 10.0 8.0 12.0
Temperature of reaction, ℃ 350 360 360
Volume space velocity, h
-10.5 0.8 1.0
Hydrogen to oil volume ratio 1,000 800 800
Density (20 ℃), g/cm
30.8752 0.8739 0.8732
Oil product title diesel oil diesel oil diesel oil
Boiling range, ℃
Fore-running/10% 1,81/,205 1,92/,205 188/204
30％/50％ 226/249 222/244 222/245 50％≯300
70％/90％ 281/341 271/316 270/313 90％≯355
95%/heat up in a steamer-/-3,37/,356 3,36/,355 95% ≯ 365 eventually
Alkali nitrogen, μ g/g 114 144 118
Nitrogen, μ g/g 174 182 166
Sulphur, μ g/g 31 15 10 ≯ 10000
Existent gum, mg/100ml 65 52 55 ≯ 70
Zero pour, ℃-3-2-2 ≯ 0
Acidity, mgKOH/100ml 3.31 3.02 2.28 ≯ 10
Viscosity (20 ℃), mm
2/ s 3.856 3.864 3.858 3.0～8.0
Flash-point, ℃ 74 77 76 ≮ 65
Ash content, m% 0.002 0.002 0.002 ≯ 0.02
Color＜1.0＜1.0＜1.0
Copper corrosion 111 ≯ 1
10% carbon residue, m% 0.06 0.04
Cetane value 34.3 35.1 36.1 ≮ 45
*National Standard GB252-94 " middle salable product 0
#The diesel oil index
Adopt three sections gratings and placed in-line technical scheme that coal tar is handled; the concrete operations flow process is seen accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3; raw materials used identical with two sections grating technical schemes with still-process; and select same protective material and hydrogenation catalyst for use; the dearomatization catalyst tungsten oxide content of selecting for use is 18%; nickel oxide content is 6%, and pore volume is 0.40ml/g, and specific surface is 165m
2/ g.The loadings of dearomatization catalyst is 50% of a catalyzer cumulative volume loadings.Concrete operations condition and products obtained therefrom character see Table 4.
Three sections gratings of table 4 and the data analysis of tandem plan diesel oil
Scheme implementation example 4 embodiment 5
Processing condition
Hydrogen pressure, MPa 8.0 8.0
Temperature of reaction, ℃ 360 360
The cumulative volume air speed, h
-10.6 0.6
Hydrogen to oil volume ratio 800 800
Density (20 ℃), g/cm
30.8738 0.8726
Oil product title diesel oil diesel oil
Boiling range, ℃
Fore-running/heat up in a steamer 1,68/,351 156/347 eventually
Alkali nitrogen, μ g/g 112 84
Nitrogen, μ g/g 162 126
Sulphur, μ g/g 10 6
Existent gum, mg/100ml 48 32.6
Zero pour, ℃ 00
Acidity, mgKOH/100ml 1.86 1.28
Viscosity (20 ℃), mm
2/ s 3.532 3.518
Flash-point, ℃ 74 77
Ash content, m% 0.002 0.002
Color＜1.5＜1.5
10% carbon residue, m% 0.04 0.02
Cetane value 40.3＞45
Claims (11)
1. the hydroprocessing process of a coal tar comprises following steps:
(1) coal tar is become residual oil and distilled oil through fractionation by distillation, wherein distillation is for air distillation, will be less than 370 ℃ component as distilled oil;
(2) distilled oil with step (1) carries out hydrogenation in hydro-refining unit, obtains gas, liquid two-phase product; The operational condition of hydro-refining unit is: 340～370 ℃ of temperature of reaction, pressure 6.0～12.0MPa, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 600: 1～1200: 1 and air speed 0.5～1.2h
-1
(3) liquid product in the step (2) is sent into stripping tower, obtain gasoline, diesel oil through stripping.
2. according to the described treatment process of claim 1, it is characterized in that said operational condition is: 350～360 ℃ of temperature of reaction, pressure 8.0～10.0MPa, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 800: 1～1000: 1 and air speed 0.6～1.0h
-1
3. according to the described treatment process of claim 1; it is characterized in that said hydro-refining unit in the step (2) takes the catalyst loading scheme of two sections gratings: top dress part protective material; its consumption is 5%～20% of a catalyzer cumulative volume loadings, and all the other load Hydrobon catalyst.
4. according to the described treatment process of claim 1; it is characterized in that said hydro-refining unit in the step (2) takes the catalyst loading scheme of three sections gratings: top dress part protective material; its consumption is 5%～20% of a catalyzer cumulative volume loadings; foot filling dearomatization catalyst; its consumption is 20%～50% of a catalyzer cumulative volume loadings, and all the other load Hydrobon catalyst.
5. according to the described treatment process of claim 1, it is characterized in that said hydro-refining unit is taked tandem plan in the step (2): with protective material, Hydrobon catalyst and two placed in-line reactors of dearomatization catalyst packing.
6. according to claim 3,4 or 5 described treatment processs, it is characterized in that said protective material composition is by weight percentage: molybdenum oxide 2%～10%, nickel oxide 1%～5%, all the other are aluminum oxide.
7. according to the described treatment process of claim 6, it is characterized in that said protective material pore volume is 0.50ml/g～0.80ml/g, specific surface is 140m
2/ g～230m
2/ g.
8. according to claim 3,4 or 5 described treatment processs, it is characterized in that said Hydrobon catalyst composition is by weight percentage: Tungsten oxide 99.999 15%～25%, molybdenum oxide 6%～12%, nickel oxide 2%～8%, all the other are siliceous aluminum oxide.
9. according to the described treatment process of claim 8, it is characterized in that said Hydrobon catalyst pore volume is 0.20ml/g～0.50ml/g, specific surface is 110m
2/ g～160m
2/ g.
10. according to claim 3,4 or 5 described treatment processs, it is characterized in that said dearomatization catalyst composition is by weight percentage: Tungsten oxide 99.999 10%～25%, nickel oxide 3%～10%, all the other are siliceous aluminum oxide.
11. according to the described treatment process of claim 10, it is characterized in that said dearomatization catalyst pore volume is 0.20ml/g～0.50ml/g, specific surface is 110m
2/ g～200m
2/ g.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN102796559A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-28 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Method and apparatus for producing fuel oil by hydrocracking |
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| CN100412168C (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2008-08-20 | 上海博申工程技术有限公司 | Coal tar hydrogenation process and catalyst therefor |
| CN100345946C (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2007-10-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Coal tar whole fraction hydrotreatment process |
| CN1326609C (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2007-07-18 | 太原市普容得科贸有限公司 | Catalyst for hydrogenating coal tar to produce diesel oil and corresponding process |
| CN101376816B (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2011-11-09 | 汉能科技有限公司 | Method for preparing diesel from coal tar |
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| US20150141723A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-21 | Uop Llc | Process for hydrotreating a coal tar stream |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102796559A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-28 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Method and apparatus for producing fuel oil by hydrocracking |
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