CN1235713C - Single-side welding apparatus and method for bent plate - Google Patents
Single-side welding apparatus and method for bent plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN1235713C CN1235713C CNB971222800A CN97122280A CN1235713C CN 1235713 C CN1235713 C CN 1235713C CN B971222800 A CNB971222800 A CN B971222800A CN 97122280 A CN97122280 A CN 97122280A CN 1235713 C CN1235713 C CN 1235713C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/121—Devices for the automatic supply of at least two electrodes one after the other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/368—Selection of non-metallic compositions of core materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
- B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
- B23K9/0956—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using sensing means, e.g. optical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
To automate the welding work of a bent groove by detecting the Zposition of a groove on the extension line of the axis of rotation and at the position away by the prescribed distance and the position in the direction perpendicular thereto. An X-traveling base RY is traveled in the horizontal X-direction by an X-direction traveling motor. A traveling base 4 is traveled in the Y- direction orthogonal to the X-direction by a Y-traveling motor. A base 2 is supported by the Ydirection traveling base 4 in the elevating/lowering and rotational manner in the perpendicular Z-direction. The base 2 is elevated/ lowered by an elevating/lowering mechanism 12 including an elevating/lowering motor M4. The base 2 is turned by a turning mechanism 10 including a first motor M3. The Z-position of a groove on the extension line of the axis O of revolution by a first detecting means P3 and the position in the direction perpendicular thereto are detected. The Z-position of the groove at the position away from the axis O of revolution by the prescribed and the position perpendicular thereto are detected by a second detecting means P2. Welding torches 30L, 30T are supported by the base 2. The welding productivity of a groove bent in the three-dimension can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device that groove that the soldered material to curve form forms carries out three-dimensional profiling welding; and use this device; the sputter generating capacity is few when welding; and energy of anti-fragility the and bead outward appearance are good, form the high efficiency double-electrode signle gas protective arc welding method of high tenacity bead.Single-sided welding in particular as the locating surface part between the plate with curved surface of the planking of the bow of hull or stern etc.
Background technology
For example in shipbuilding process, several block plates (for example 15 meters * 20 meters) are propped up carry out single-sided welding, make the planking of hull.But, when welding as the steel plate that as the planking of bow or stern etc., after welding, is shaped as the part of curved surface, supporting from below so that each steel plate keeps desired curvature to prop up mutually with hydraulic jack, is that groove welds from the top to this part that props up mutually.Groove under this situation extends to form the shape of three-dimension curved surface along the curved surface of the planking that forms.When such groove is welded, be that the automatic soldering device of prerequisite can not use, therefore, always use artificial welding more with welding linearity groove.
Manually being welded on scaffolding, needing time and space above setting welding robot etc. of three-dimensional bending groove, and it is more time-consuming than welding straight line groove, welding job efficient is low, welding quality produces fluctuation along with the height of the crooked situation of groove, Welder's technical merit easily, and finishing needs many labours afterwards.Thereby improved cost.
In recent years, in the construction of various welded structures, owing to seek to reduce cost and raise the efficiency, gas protection arc welding method increases sharply in the application in each field.Wherein the application in fields such as high shipbuilding of butt welding ratio and bridge much significantly get up.But,, comprise that the single fillet welded high speed of short size and long size has changed into key subjects from reducing the viewpoint of the totle drilling cost of welding.
As one side welding method, arc-welding method under water many researchs had been done as the groove welding of spreading steel plate in the shipbuilding in the past.For example the arc-welding method under water mentioned of the special public clear 60-59072 communique of Japan Patent is especially tried hard to realize preventing that the bead weld degree of depth that electrode orbiting brings from reducing and bead face shaping deterioration, and is prevented that also the root bead from chapping.But this facilities and equipments of arc-welding method under water are huge, and hell to pay is inapplicable under the situation of short size welding.
Again; the special public clear 61-9027 communique of Japan Patent proposes; use the high current density gas shield downhand welding method of tape welding agent welding rod; adopt the composite electrode of minor diameter; the length that welding rod is stretched out is big; and weld at a high speed with big electric current, carry out downhand welding expeditiously, reduced welding cost.But because the welding rod length of stretching out has 35～70 millimeters, have that protection is bad, welding rod crooked cause to the departing from of target location, even problem such as root bead be full of cracks during single-sided welding.
The special public clear 50-7543 communique of Japan Patent discloses the steel grit or the iron powder of filling right quantity in propping up the groove of backing plate, while shake the situation that small diameter electric welding rod welds.If but this method do not establish groove gap and just can not carry out good welding, and,, when the groove welding of spreading steel plate, also have the problem of operating efficiency so the sectional area of groove is also big because the angle of groove is big.
And above-mentioned any method does not all reach the degree that groove that the soldered material of curve form forms is realized Automation of Welding and practicability.
Summary of the invention
The 1st purpose of the present invention is the weld job automation that makes crooked groove, and the 2nd purpose is to improve the welding job efficient of the groove of three-dimensional bending.The 3rd purpose is to improve the welding quality of the groove of three-dimensional bending, reduces welding cost.The 4th purpose is to improve welded structure single fillet welded welding operation, anti-fragility and the back side bead of soldered material from short size to long size of curve form, obtains the weld part of firm high tenacity.
The one side welding device of a kind of bent plate of the present invention, this one side welding device possesses: have the directions X travel motor that drives according to the X electrical instruction, the directions X travelling carriage that travels at the directions X of level; Be held in the directions X travelling carriage, have the Y direction travel motor that drives according to the Y electrical instruction, with respect to the directions X travelling carriage, the Y direction travelling carriage that moves in the Y of the level vertical direction with directions X; On vertical Z direction, liftably prop up the base that is held in Y direction travelling carriage; Comprise according to the driving of Z electrical instruction, described base is carried out the Z direction elevating mechanism of the elevating motor of lifting driving in vertical Z direction; Be held in described base, the welding torch that bevel for welding is used; Described base can be vertical the Z axle be that the center is propped up rotatably and is held in described Y direction travelling carriage; Described one side welding device also possesses: comprise according to the θ electrical instruction and drive, driving described base is the θ rotating mechanism of the 1st turning motor of center rotation with vertical Z axle; Be held in described base, detect the 1st detection means of the position of the Z direction position of the groove on the extended line of this rotary middle spindle and the direction vertical with the Z direction; Be held in described base, detect from the Z direction position of the locational groove of this rotary middle spindle predetermined distance with perpendicular to the 2nd detection means of the position on the direction of Z direction; And according to the detected value of the 1st and the 2nd detection means, calculate the crooked θ ' and the groove bearing of trend tilt alpha with respect to the horizontal plane of groove on the direction of the groove bearing of trend that traverses soldered material, corresponding to crooked θ ', drive described base rotation by the θ rotating mechanism, corresponding to tilt alpha, drive the control device of described base lifting by Z direction elevating mechanism.
For the ease of understanding, in bracket, mark shown in the accompanying drawing, the mark of the corresponding key element of embodiment described below or suitable part is for reference.
Adopt said apparatus, the directions X travelling carriage RY that can travel, the Y direction travelling carriage 4 of Y direction running and Z direction elevating mechanism 12, three-dimensional X, Y, the Z position of decision or adjustment base 2 by means of directions X in level.Supporting under the situation of welding torches with this base 2, though can drive welding torch (base), make welding torch along groove at three-dimensional orbiting motion, welding torch with respect to the attitude of groove because the bending of groove departs from reference attitude sometimes.Welder of the present invention is the θ rotating mechanism 10 that the center rotation drives base 2 owing to possessing with vertical Z axle O, can utilize this θ rotating mechanism 10, welding torch (base) is rotated, so that welding torch is often kept reference attitude with respect to groove corresponding to the bending on slope.
The present invention is also according to the detected value of the 1st and the 2nd detection means P3, P2, calculate the crooked θ ' and the groove bearing of trend tilt alpha with respect to the horizontal plane of groove on the direction of the groove b bearing of trend that traverses soldered material W1, W2, can drive base 2 rotations by θ rotating mechanism 10 corresponding to crooked θ ', corresponding to tilt alpha, drive base 2 liftings by Z direction elevating mechanism 12.Realize that with this welding torch is to the crooked θ ' (direction of rotation) of groove and tilt forward and back the curved surface automatic profiling welding that α carries out profiling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 overlooks the stereogram of implementing welder 1 of the present invention with a kind of form from oblique upper, its structural element reduced representation.
Fig. 2 is a side view of seeing the welder 1 shown in Fig. 1 from dash-dot arrows 2A direction shown in Figure 1, and a part illustrates profile.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of seeing the welder 1 shown in Fig. 1 from dash-dot arrows 3A direction shown in Figure 1, and a part illustrates profile.
Fig. 4 is the side view that dwindles that is equivalent to Fig. 2, drives the motor of various mechanisms and as the just simple expression of Position Approximate of potentiometer P1～P5, the P7 of sensor and rotary encoder P6.
Fig. 5 represents the tilt β and the desired side-play amount dx β of oscillation center of workpiece shown in Figure 3, and workpiece W1, W2 represent the section of groove transverse direction.
Fig. 6 is workpiece W1 shown in Figure 1, the stereogram of W2, represent potentiometer P2～P5 shown in Figure 4 to the detection side of workpiece W1, W2 to.
Fig. 7 is the plane that the position of the moving direction of expression sensor base 2 shown in Figure 1 and translational speed (speed of welding) V and groove line b concerns.
Fig. 8 is the stereogram of the general survey of expression workpiece W1, W2 shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 9 is the flow chart (main program) of the control action of expression control circuit 8 shown in Figure 3.
Figure 10 is the flow chart of the content (subprogram) of expression step 4 " welding " shown in Figure 9.
Figure 11 is the amplification profilograph that welding torch 30L shown in Figure 2 goes up the duplicate protection 20 of equipment.
Figure 12 (a) is the amplification front view of " V " font groove between expression soldered material W1, the W2 shown in Figure 1.
Figure 12 (b) forms under the situation of " Y " font groove the amplification front view of this groove between expression soldered material W1, the W2.
Sheet metal thickness scattered the distribution curve of the combination of height with steel grit when Figure 13 was the groove of sheet material of the multiple thickness of welding under the welding condition shown in the table 3, on the combined spot with the mark of representing that back side bead shape is whether good.
Figure 14 is in the expression welder 1 shown in Figure 2, the distance between preceding electrode Wa1 and the rear electrode welding rod Wa2, the i.e. side view of anode-cathode distance Dw.
Figure 15 is the curve of the relation of expression welding current amount and sputter amount, and existent method is represented the situation of single protection.
The specific embodiment
This device also possesses: with the X-axis of level is that the center is rotatably propped up and is held in described base 2, with the welding torch supporting frame (being welding head) 3 of supporting welding torch 30L, 30T, and to comprise according to the γ electrical instruction be the center is rotated the 2nd rotary driving motor M7 of driving to welding torch supporting frame 3 γ rotating mechanism with trunnion axis 31a.By means of this, can be corresponding to tilting forward and back α, by rotating mechanism welding torch supporting frame 3 is rotated driving,, also can in fact makes welding torch tilt fore and aft γ value of being maintained fixed with respect to soldered material W1, W2 although soldered material has bending on fore-and-aft direction.
Welding torch supporting frame 3 is being supported welding torch 30L, 30T, and makes it approaching also can leave soldered material W1, W2; Device also possesses to comprise according to the electrical instruction that is toward or away from and drives welding torch that welding torch 30L, 30T the be toward or away from welding torch driving mechanism up and down of drive motor M8, M10 up and down.Adopt this device, can drive welding torch 30L, 30T by drive motor M8, M10 about the welding torch and make it be toward or away from soldered material, the distance that welding torch is maintained fixed groove corresponding to inclined angle alpha.
Welding torch supporting frame 3 is supporting welding torch 30L, 30T that it can be moved back and forth with respect to soldered material W1, W2 on the direction vertical with the ordinate of the 2nd detection means P2 with linking the 1st detection means P3; Device also possesses: prop up and be held in described base 2, on the direction vertical, oppositely depart from mutually with described ordinate, the Z on surface that detect to constitute the 1st soldered material W1 of groove and the 2nd soldered material W2 respectively is to the 3rd detection means P5 and the 4th detection means P4 of position, and comprises according to shaking the driving mechanism that shakes that shakes drive motor M9, M11 that electrical instruction back and forth drives welding torch 30L, 30T.Adopt this device, can be according to the detected value of the 3rd and the 4th detection means P5, P6, calculate soldered material inclination β with respect to the horizontal plane on the direction vertical with groove b bearing of trend, and drive the amplitude center that welding torch 30L, 30T back and forth shake and stagger shaking driving mechanism M9, M11 corresponding to gradient β, make the amplitude center carry out profiling to the groove center.
Device also has control device 8; This control device is according to the detected value of the 1st and the 2nd detection means P3, P2, calculates the crooked θ ' of groove of transverse direction of groove bearing of trend of soldered material W1, W2 and the groove tilt alpha with respect to the horizontal plane of bearing of trend,
According to the detected value of the 3rd and the 4th detection means P5, P4, calculate soldered material W1, W2 inclination β with respect to the horizontal plane on the direction vertical with groove b bearing of trend,
Corresponding to crooked θ ', drive described base 2 rotations by θ rotating mechanism 10,
Corresponding to tilt alpha, drive described base 2 liftings by Z to lift 12,
Corresponding to tilt alpha, drive 3 rotations of welding torch supporting frame by γ rotating mechanism (M7),
Corresponding to tilt alpha, drive welding torch 30L, 30T by driving mechanism M8, M10 about the welding torch and be toward or away from,
Corresponding to inclination β, drive the amplitude center that welding torch 30L, 30T back and forth shake and stagger shaking driving mechanism M9, M11,
Make welding torch 30L, 30T to the crooked θ ' (direction of rotation) of groove and tilt forward and back α and carry out profiling with this, although make welding torch on fore-and-aft direction, have crooked α also in fact to be maintained fixed with respect to angle, the front and back soldered material of γ of soldered material W1, W2, corresponding to tilt alpha, welding torch 30L, 30T near or leave, be maintained fixed distance with respect to groove, and, make and shake driving mechanism M9, M11 and drive amplitude center that welding torch 30L, 30T back and forth shake the profiling of groove center corresponding to inclination β.Promptly realize the welding of curved surface automatic profiling.
Therefore, need be not operator's scaffolding, set welding robot etc., save needed time and space for the manual welding of carrying out the three-dimensional bending groove.Reduce because the welding quality that the quality of the crooked situation of groove and welding operation worker technical merit causes fluctuates, thereby reduce the labour that later process is repaired.So welding cost reduces.
Bent plate one side welding method of the present invention uses above-mentioned bent plate one side welding device with a pair of welding torch the groove between the soldered material of curved surface shape to be carried out the profiling welding, it is characterized in that,
Getting " V " font of curved soldered material inner surface tack welding or the bevel angle of " Y " font groove is 30～65 degree,
The back side at groove props up lining plank, and filling steel grit or iron powder arrive more than 1/4 of soldered sheet metal thickness in this groove, the height below 2/3,
The spacing of getting between elder generation, the back welding electrode welding rod is more than 100 millimeters, below 600 millimeters,
The welding current density of getting first welding electrode welding rod is 200A/mm
2More than, then the welding current density of welding electrode welding rod is 150A/mm
2More than, and,
Electrode is shaken driving, the electrode of going ahead of the rest is shaken with 40 times/minute～150 times/minute, and the electrode of welding is in the back shaken with 30 times/minute～120 times/minute.
The back welding electrode welding rod of desirable example, its various compositions with respect to the ratio of welding rod gross weight are:
TiO
2 ： 2.5％～7.0％
ZrO
2 ： 0.4％～1.0％
Al
2O
3 ： 0.1％～1.0％
Si ： 0.2％～1.2％
Mn ： 1.0％～4.0％
Mg ： 0.1％～1.0％
And be to have in sodium and the potassium one or both, add up to the tape welding agent welding rod of 0.03%～0.3% solder flux.
Welding electrode electricity bar after the tape welding agent of desirable example, the various compositions that the solder flux of institute's filling comprises with respect to the ratio of welding rod gross weight are:
Ni：0.3％~3.0％
Ti：0.02％~0.2％
B：0.002％~0.015％
In desirable example, with the 1st protective gas and the 2nd protective gas first welding electrode welding rod is carried out the dual gas protection at least.
The other objects and features of the invention can be clearer in the explanation that the reference accompanying drawing carries out following embodiment.
Put and carry out summary description being used in the single face gas shielded arc welding tipping of using in the enforcement of the present invention below with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.In Fig. 1～Fig. 3, the direction of arrow Z is the top, and the direction of the direction of X arrow and Y arrow is a horizontal direction.In the following description, be the place ahead with the direction of Y arrow, and be right-hand with the direction of X arrow.Fig. 1 is schematic drawing stereogram, that represent its structural outline that is equivalent to overlook from oblique upper welder 1.Workpiece (soldered material) W1, W2 are shown in Fig. 8 and Figure 12 (a), opposed edges props up mutually, the not shown a plurality of hydraulic jacks that are arranged on the F of ground, workplace are being supported from below, form desirable curve form by means of the support adjustment highly to each jack.It is three-dimension curved surface.The groove b that between the edge that props up mutually of workpiece W1, W2 and edge, forms since workpiece W1, W2 with desired angle three-dimensional bending, so workpiece becomes the higher inclination in left front in illustrated embodiment.In order to keep such curve form, carried out tack welding at the groove inner surface and fixed.
In Fig. 1, laying the directions X guide rail X1 that on the directions X of level, extends on the F of ground, in the place of the front upper place of this guide rail X1 built on stilts F, supporting guide rail X2 on the directions X parallel with guide rail X1 by not shown pillar.Two guide rail X1 and X2 are called the X guide rail to RX.Carrying directions X travelling carriage Y1 on the guide rail X1, carrying directions X travelling carriage Y2 on the guide rail X2, directions X travelling carriage Y1 and Y2 are supporting pillar Yz and Y traversing guide RY.Pillar Yz and Y traversing guide RY are orthogonal and fuse.The driving wheel of directions X travelling carriage Y1 is gone up the motor M1 that loads and is driven by not shown reducing gear rotation by directions X travelling carriage Y1.Motor M1 energising, the driving wheel of directions X travelling carriage Y1 are subjected to rotation and drive, and directions X travelling carriage Y1 travels on guide rail X1, and then pillar Yz and Y traversing guide RY move on directions X with the state that is parallel to Y-axis to the left or to the right along guide rail X1, X2.
Carrying the wheel 4a ~ d of mobile trolley used (the Y direction travelling carriage) 4 of welder 1 on the Y traversing guide RY.On the rotating shaft of wheel 4a ~ d of mobile trolley used 4, be integral fixing sprocket wheel, the not shown link belt of the colyliform that sets along guide rail RY is engaged on this sprocket wheel.Link belt is rotated driving by the motor M2 that is loaded on mobile trolley used 4, and along with driving, mobile trolley used 4 is mobile on the Y direction along guide rail RY.
Fig. 2 is the figure that sees the welder 1 shown in Fig. 1 from dash-dot arrows 2A direction shown in Figure 1, and Fig. 3 sees the figure of the welder 1 shown in Fig. 1 from dash-dot arrows 3A direction shown in Figure 1.Central authorities mobile trolley used 4 have the hole of up/down perforation, and the lifting on the Z direction of the fall way 12 of hollow cylindrical connects this hole freely.Upwardly extending guide rail 13a～c in Z side is installed respectively in the outside of fall way 12, and these guide rails are embedded in freely in lifting on the Z direction on the slide block that the inner surface in relative with it mobile trolley used 4 hole is provided with.Fixedly supporting to drive the elevating motor M4 of upwardly extending screw rod M4s rotation in Z side at the outer wall of fall way 12 bottoms.The screw hole that connects chassis in the Z direction is arranged on mobile trolley used 4, and this screw hole cooperates with screw bar M4s.Mobile trolley used here 4 are being supported from below by Y traversing guide RY, in case therefore elevating motor N4 is rotated driving to screw bar M4s, fall way 12 is promptly with respect to mobile trolley used 4 liftings on the Z direction.The rotating shaft 10 of upwardly extending hollow horizontally rotates the axle center that connects fall way 12 freely in Z side.Near the upper opening of the fall way 12 that stretches out from mobile trolley used 4 upper surface outer wall is fixedly being supported turning motor M3.Fixing spur gear on the rotating shaft of turning motor M3, in the horizontal direction rotation.The positive drive gear forms an integral body with this edge on the upper shed edge of rotating shaft 10, the spur gear of turning motor M3 and the engagement of this travelling gear.Motor M3 is energising in a single day, and the spur gear that forms one with this rotating shaft promptly rotates, and by travelling gear, rotating shaft 10 is the center rotation with respect to fall way 12 with rotation centerline O.
Supporting sensor base 2 in the bottom of rotating shaft 10.Along with the rotation of rotating shaft 10, sensor base 2 is rotated in the horizontal direction.The rotating shaft that is linking potentiometer P1 on the rotating shaft of turning motor M3, potentiometer P1 produce the signal of telecommunication of the anglec of rotation θ of expression rotating shaft 10.
On the position bottom, rotation centerline O of sensor base 2, have and (to be the direction vertical among Fig. 2 in the horizontal direction vertical with paper with this center line O, be directions X in Fig. 3) go up and the Z direction on mobile the 1st groove profiling roller freely, on the 1st groove profiling roller, have twin axle potentiometer P3 to engage together.Potentiometer P3 has the potentiometer that the steady arm position in the horizontal direction of the 1st groove profiling roller is detected is supported in rotation freely, with the potentiometer that detects the position of this steady arm on the Z direction, produce be illustrated in rotation centerline O locational, with respect to the signal of telecommunication (Fig. 2) of the groove horizontal direction position and the Z direction position of sensor base 2.
(in Fig. 2, be the direction vertical on the position of rotation centerline O, having in the horizontal direction of sensor base 2 bottoms with paper, at Fig. 3 is directions X) go up and the Z direction on mobile the 2nd groove profiling roller freely, on the 2nd groove profiling roller, have biaxial type potentiometer P2 to combine with it.Potentiometer P2 also has the potentiometer that the steady arm position in the horizontal direction of the 2nd groove profiling roller is detected is supported in rotation freely, with the potentiometer that detects the position of this steady arm on the Z direction, produce be illustrated in a certain distance from rotation centerline O locational, with respect to the signal of telecommunication (Fig. 2) of the groove horizontal direction position and the Z direction position of sensor base 2.
With respect to sensor base 2 (horizontal datum) bending (inclination angle) in the horizontal direction, the difference of the position on the detected Z direction of potentiometer P3 and P2 is corresponding to groove line inclination angle (angle of inclination on the fore-and-aft direction) α (Fig. 2) with respect to the horizontal plane corresponding to groove for the difference of the position on the detected horizontal direction of potentiometer P3 and P2.
In sensor base 2 bottoms, with to be connected the 1st vertical with the ordinate of the 2nd groove profiling roller (P3, P2), and on the position of rotation centerline O, the 1st workpiece profiling roller is arranged, potentiometer P5 supports the position of steady arm on the Z direction of this profiling roller to detect to rotation freely, produces the signal of telecommunication (Fig. 3) of this Z direction position of expression.Again, in sensor base 2 bottoms, vertically depart from rotation centerline O certain distance with above-mentioned ordinate, and the another side of rotation centerline O with the rightabout position of the 1st workpiece profiling roller on, the 2nd workpiece profiling roller is arranged, potentiometer P4 supports the position of steady arm on the Z direction of this profiling roller to detect to rotation freely, produces the signal of telecommunication (Fig. 3) of this Z direction position of expression.The difference of the position on the detected Z direction of potentiometer P5 and P4 is corresponding to workpiece inclination angle (angle of inclination on the left and right directions) β (Fig. 3) with respect to the horizontal plane.
Rotary encoder P6 is connected on the 1st workpiece profiling roller (P5), and the low-angle that this profiling roller (P5) revolution is crossed regulation produces 1 electric impulse signal.This pulse signal counted can understand the amount of movement that sensor base 2 moves along groove, the count value in the certain hour is represented the translational speed V (speed of welding) of sensor base 2 along groove.
In Fig. 2, go up the substantial middle place that the rotating shaft 31a rotation of extending connects sensor base 2 freely in the orientation (perpendicular to the paper direction of Fig. 2) of the 1st and the 2nd workpiece profiling roller (P5, P4).Motor M7 is arranged on the sensor base 2, and its output shaft connects rotating shaft 31a by reducing gear, motor M7 one energising, and the rotation of motor M7 rotating shaft is delivered to rotating shaft 31a with regard to the deceleration through reducing gear.Fixing welding torch supporting frame 3 on the rotating shaft 31a.Along with the rotation of rotating shaft 31a, welding torch supporting frame 3 is the center rotation with rotating shaft 31a, and the tilt fore and aft γ with respect to workpiece of welding torch 30L, 30T that framework 3 is supported changes.Potentiometer P7 produces the signal of telecommunication of the anglec of rotation of expression rotating shaft 31a.
By comprise drive welding torch flexible (near and leave) motor M8 approaching/leave driving mechanism, and comprise drive the head motion that shakes drive motor M9 that welding torch 30L shakes on the width of groove, with welding torch supporting frame 3, liftable on the depth direction of groove and can joltily be supported welding torch 30L (approaching/as to leave) on the width of groove.Also by comprise drive welding torch flexible (near and leave) motor M10 approaching/leave driving mechanism, and comprise drive the head motion that shakes drive motor M11 that welding torch 30T shakes on the width of groove, with welding torch supporting frame 3, liftable on the depth direction of groove and can joltily be supported welding torch 30T (approaching/as to leave) on the width of groove.
On sensor base 2, also has welding rod feeding means 5.Welding rod feedway 5 is made of two groups of welding rod feed appliances and drive motor M5, M6.Two welding rod wa1, wa2 are passed in pipe 14 inside that the Z direction connects rotating shaft 10 inner axes portions from the welding rod bag wp that is loaded into mobile trolley used 4 tops, be sent to welding rod feedway 5 from managing 14 outlet 14a, the welding rod feeder by wherein offers welding torch 30L, 30T respectively.
Weld at the beginning, motor M5, M6 promptly drive the welding rod feeder, and wp offers welding torch 30T, 30L with welding rod wa2, wa1 respectively from the welding rod bag.The motor M8 of welding torch 30L is adjusted into setting (electrical instruction next according to following control circuit) with the extension elongation (with the distance of groove b) of welding torch 30L, and motor M9 is to shake with the corresponding speed drive welding torch of welding speed V 30L.And the motor M10 of welding torch 30T is adjusted into setting (electrical instruction that comes according to following control circuit) with the extension elongation (with the distance of groove b) of welding torch 30T, and motor M11 is to shake with the corresponding speed drive welding torch of welding speed V 30T.
At Fig. 4, biasing and the function of above-mentioned each motor M1～M11, potentiometer P1～P5, P7 and rotary encoder P6 gathered expression.And the driven object of the above-mentioned motor M1～M11 of table 1 expression, the detected object of table 2 expression above-mentioned potentiometer P1～P5, P7 and rotary encoder P6.A～D on the table 1 is the numerical value of adjusting according to operating environment.
(table 1)
(table 2)
The energising control of forward and reverse rotation of each motor M1～M11, by the pendant 9 (Fig. 3) that can near sensor base 2, removably install, when initial setting, undertaken, Yi Bian and the control circuits 8 that weld in the pendant at the beginning 9 promptly carry out with reference to the detected value of P1～P7 on one side automatically by the operator.In sensor base 2, the motor driver that drives each motor is respectively arranged, the electrical instruction that pendant 9 provides passes to these motor drivers, and each motor driver drives the motor that is connecting respectively according to the instruction that pendant 9 provides.
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of the control action of expression control circuit 8.In case power connection, control circuit 8 promptly in step 1 with all zero clearings such as internal storage, counter.Then the lamp on the pendant 9 (not shown) is lighted,, waited for operator's input (initialization) with the initialization end of expression memory.At this moment the operator can carry out button operation on the control panel on the pendant 9 (not shown), and each motor M1～M11 is controlled.In the explanation for following Fig. 9 and Figure 10, omit " step " speech, only represent with the numbering of step.
The operator is in case light affirmation initialization end by the lamp on the pendant 9, promptly operate the button of the control panel (not shown) on the pendant 9, (energising) drive motor M1～M11 determines welding torch 30L, 30T posture and the distance with respect to groove b selectively.Detailed condition is as follows:
1. drive motor M1, M2 move the detection starting point Op (Fig. 1,2,3) of rotation centerline O on groove b, and starting motor M4 descends sensor base 2, and the 1st groove profiling roller (P3) is placed this detections starting point (groove is interior).Detecting starting point is the low end in Z direction position (highly) in the groove line two ends.And workpiece W1, W2 are positioned over floor F, make groove line and Y-axis almost parallel.
2. drive motor M3 makes rotating shaft 10 (sensor base 2) rotation, is positioned on the welding direction than the 1st groove profiling roller P3 the 2nd groove profiling roller P2 in the groove b in forward place.
3. drive motor M4, sensor base 2 is descended, the the 1st and the 2nd groove profiling roller P3, P2 are in the groove b, their Z direction position is near the central authorities of Z direction position moving range, and adjust the height of sensor base 2, make the 1st and the 2nd workpiece profiling roller P5, P4 prop up workpiece, the position on their the Z direction is near the central authorities of Z direction position moving range.
4. the setting of initial posture is indicated.Control circuit is set indication according to initial posture, is that data signal is read in the converting electrical signal of at this moment potentiometer P3, P2.Then by motor M3 driving sensor base 2 rotation, make potentiometer P3, P2 be in zero point (the horizontal direction position deviation is zero place) in the position on the direction of paper (among the Fig. 2 perpendicular to) in the horizontal direction.Make the horizontal direction position of the 1st groove profiling roller P3 and the 2nd groove profiling roller P2 be in reference position (not having the horizontal direction position deviation) with respect to sensor base 2 with this, welding torch 30L, 30T are positioned on the ordinate that links two roller P3, P2.
5. drive motor M7 drives welding torch supporting frame (being welding head) 3 and does the γ rotation, and welding torch 30T, 30L are adjusted into suitable numerical value to the angle (the angle γ of fore-and-aft direction) of the direction of groove b profiling.
6. drive motor M5, M6 provide welding rod wa1, wa2 to welding torch 30T, 30L.
7. drive motor M9, M11 shake welding torch 30T, 30L, and with respect to groove b, adjust the amplitude of shaking of vertical direction and shake the center of amplitude.
8. drive motor M8, M10 adjust the extension elongation of welding torch 30T, 30L, promptly adjust the distance of groove b and welding torch leading section.
Above-mentioned 1～7 step is an example of the step of initial setting, and order can change as required, repeatedly or omit.Again, the operator imports desired welding speed V s by the button of the operation board on the pendant 9 is operated.Operator one finishes initial setting, i.e. the button operation of finishing at the enterprising line display initial setting of the operation board of pendant 9.
In case obtain the report that can begin to weld, control circuit 8 is waiting for promptly that up to the operator with button operation indication welding beginning, the indication one of welding beginning arrives, and welding promptly begins (3).Also have, under the situation of wanting to stop to weld, also being the operator " stops welding " by means of the keyboard operation input to the operation keyboard of pendant 9.To be narrated in the back about " stopping welding ".
Figure 10 represents the subprogram of step 4 " welding ".Here control circuit 8 is all counted when pulse of rotary encoder 6 every generations, read count value in the cycle of regulation and calculate welding speed V, be stored in the register, with count value initialization (zero clearing) (41), the signal of telecommunication to potentiometer P1～P5, P7 carries out reading in after the digital conversion (42) simultaneously.Then following status information is carried out computing (43).
The crooked θ ' of groove: θ direction rotation, groove b is with respect to the calculating of the crooked θ ' of sensor base 2.Difference according to the position on potentiometer P3 and the detected horizontal direction of P2 is calculated.
The tilt fore and aft α of groove: the calculating of groove line under the sensor base 2 and horizontal plane angulation α (Fig. 2).Difference according to the position on potentiometer P3 and the detected Z direction of P2 is calculated.
The β that tilts of workpiece: the calculating of the angle of inclination beta of workpiece (Fig. 3) on the transverse direction of groove.Difference according to the position on potentiometer P5 and the detected Z direction of P4 is calculated.
Calculate status information θ ', α and β like this, control circuit 8 is that θ rolling target angle Θ=θ+θ ' zero, sensor base 2 calculates, and calculates to being used to make groove with respect to the crooked θ ' of sensor base 2 promptly
Directions X moving target speed Vsx=Vs cos Θ,
Y direction moving target speed Vsy=Vs sin Θ,
Directions X translational speed Vx=V cos Θ,
Y direction translational speed Vy=V sin Θ;
θ is the detected value 44 of potentiometer P1.
Fig. 7 represents the relation of moving direction and translational speed (speed of welding) V and the groove line of sensor base 2.The component of translational speed V on directions X is Vscos Θ, and the component on the Y direction is V sin Θ.
Fig. 5 represents corresponding with the workpiece β that tilts, and shakes the desired side-play amount dx β in amplitude center.After the deviate of the desired side-play amount the when amplitude of the shaking center data during with initial setting have moved the big or small desired side-play amount dx β that equals to calculate specifically with respect to initial setting, the value of gained is used as the desired value of shaking the amplitude center.
Then, control circuit 8 is according to the desired value drive motor M1～M1146 that calculates.That is carry out Motor Drive according to up-to-date desired value.In this course, control circuit 8 drive motor M4 make sensor base 2 liftings, so that the position on the Z direction that the position on the detected Z direction of potentiometer P3 is an initial setting when finishing; Drive motor M3, making the detected angle of potentiometer P1 is angle on target Θ; Drive motor M7～M11, make welding torch tilt fore and aft γ, welding torch extension elongation, shake amplitude and the amplitude center of shaking meets desired value respectively.Motor M1 and M2 are quickened or deceleration, so that directions X translational speed Vx and Y direction translational speed Vy meet desired value Vsx and Vsy respectively.
Then, whether control circuit 8 verifies the operator by the button of the operation board on the pendant 9 is operated, imported " stopping welding " indication, or verify the terminal 47 whether the 2nd groove profiling roller (potentiometer P2) arrives groove b, if its a certain side, just return the step 5 of Fig. 9.But, when which side also is false, wait for the timer expiry of decision control cycle, promptly enter step 41, begin next control cycle.
Indication is imported " to stop welding ", or the signal of telecommunication of potentiometer 2 becomes the signal of expression groove terminal, and the control road promptly carries out termination, makes the welding that stops of welding torch 30L, 30T, and motor is quit work.
The front end separately of welding torch 30L and 30T (Fig. 2) is installed with duplicate protection gas supply device 20.
Figure 11 is the amplification profilograph that welding torch 30L goes up the duplicate protection gas supply device 20 of equipment.Welding torch 30L presents welding rod wa1 from the welding tip 6 of its front end in groove, and blows out protective gas.Equipping duplicate protection gas supply device 20 on this welding torch 30L.Duplicate protection gas supply device 20 comprises the auxiliary equipment 21 that is fixed on the welding torch 30L, the inner nozzle 22 that is fixed in this auxiliary equipment 21 and outer nozzle 23.Inner nozzle 22 surrounds welding tip 6, will be downward along welding tip 6 guiding from the protective gas (the 1st protective gas) that welding torch 30L blows out.Around the 1st protective gas blows to the welding rod wa1 that exposes welding tip 6 outsides from the lower ending opening of inner nozzle 22.Outer nozzle 23 the latter halfs are expanded into horn-like, and the 2nd protective gas G supplies with this outer nozzle 23 from the outside of welding torch 30L, and this gas blows out from the outside of lower ending opening at the 1st protective gas along the outer circumference surface of inner nozzle.Fusion position under the welding rod wa1 is subjected to the duplicate protection of the 1st protective gas and the 2nd protective gas.Hereinafter will blow out the state that the 1st protective gas blows out the 2nd protective gas again and be called " duplicate protection ", the state that has only the 1st protective gas be called " non-duplicate protection " or " single protection ".
Below at sealing wire direction (Y direction) continuous tilt, and use above-mentioned welder 1 to carry out single fillet welded situation at curved surface shape workpiece W1, W2 (soldered material) that perpendicular direction (directions X) tilts to be illustrated.Also the inclination of sealing wire direction (Y direction) workpiece is called " (slope) tilts " below, the inclination of vertical direction (directions X) is called " rotation (rotation) ".
The groove that workpiece W1, W2 form as shown in figure 12, is " V " font (Figure 12 (a)) or the Y font (Figure 12 (b)) of bevel angle 30～65 degree, and the groove inner surface is temporary fixed with tack welding, does not stagger so that groove when welding groove does not take place.Cushion block BP is being supported at the back side of groove, scatters steel grit or iron powder to 1/4～2/3 steel plate thickness in the groove, and first welding electrode welding rod wa1 (welding torch 30L) is shaken 40～150 times/minute, and back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (welding torch 30T) shakes 30～120 times/minute.One back and forth to shake be 1 time.
Making the welding current density in first welding electrode welding rod wa1 cross section is 200A/mm
2More than, the welding current density in back welding electrode welding rod wa2 cross section is 150A/mm
2More than; the anode-cathode distance Dw that gets between welding rod wa1, the wa2 first, welding electrode (the L utmost point and the T utmost point) afterwards is 100～600mm; carry out gas shield, the arc welding of bipolar electrode single face; so arc stability; can obtain being not easy to crack; and all good bead in the table can be realized high efficiency welding simultaneously.Also have, as shown in figure 14, anode-cathode distance Dw is first welding electrode welding rod wa1 with afterwards between the welding electrode welding rod wa2, along the distance of workpiece.
Steel grit scattered the relation of height and the shape of the back side bead when Figure 13 represented that the sheet material of multiple thickness carries out the multi-electrode single face arc welding of gas shield.Various conditions during welding are shown in table 3.Change electric current, shake amplitude, shake number of times (inferior/minute) corresponding to the sheet material of all thickness during experiment." root gap " on the table 3 is the meaning of the beeline between workpiece W1, the W2 relative on the groove cross section.Figure 12 (b) expresses root gap.
(table 3)
Also have, " O " shape mark on Figure 13 represents that back side bead shape is good, and the triangle mark is represented back side bead shape defect, and * mark is represented the situation that back side bead shape is very bad or burn.
Can recognize from Figure 13, in the groove of the sheet material of all thickness, scatter steel grit to 1/4～2/3 thickness of slab and weld again and can obtain good bead.Dispersion volume is higher than 2/3 thickness of slab, and then bead shape in the back side is very bad, perhaps just can not form bead.And less than the next situation of burning of the situation of 1/4 thickness of slab.
Also have, the size distribution of steel grit or iron powder is below the particle diameter 1.5mm, but preferably from making arc stability and bead shape well.And composition mainly is Fe, and the requirement that still never is easy to generate crackle is set out, and preferably C content is below 0.10%, S and P content are below 0.020%, consider the intensity and the toughness of weld metal, other compositions can make it comprise Si, Mn, Mo, also can comprise deoxidier and alloying constituent in addition.As long as satisfy above-mentioned granularity and composition, also can be the particle of the steel bar cutting-out of various sizes.
The uniformity of back side bead was bad when bevel angle was spent less than 30, and bevel angle surpasses 65 degree then because the sectional area of groove becomes big, and welding efficiency descends.
Position weldering in advance at the groove inner surface, can reduce the change of welding process intermediate gap.Again, under the situation of plastic cushion of using solid, just, hold on cushion block BP with respect to soldered material and get final product, needn't use magnet or fixed part with making cushion block BP be connected in the small and weak holding power at the back side of soldered part as cushion block BP.Thereby can seek to reduce the labour.Cushion block BP can also be with copper coin cushion block and glass tape and usefulness except the plastic cushion that uses solid, or any in the copper cushion block of tape welding agent, can obtain same effect.
It is fixed to position solid welding in advance at the groove inner surface, can be that whole weld length is carried out, and also can carry out its part.Again, for the stable back side bead that obtains, the bead height of tack welding is preferably below 7mm, and preferably more than the 2mm, so that tack welding is abundant.
Because root gap is below 5mm, the root face of " Y " font groove (seeing Figure 12 (b)) for the welding of 3mm plate seam when following easily and back side bead stablize, preferably get such numerical value.Root gap surpasses the then basal area increase of groove of 5mm, and welding efficiency descends.
The current density of the welding electrode welding rod wa1 of elder generation unit cross-sectional area is less than 200A/mm
2The time, can not obtain stable back side bead.Particularly can stay not puddle in the fixing part of spot welding in advance.
The current density of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 unit cross-sectional area is less than 150A/mm
2The time, the not situation of penetration can take place.
Also have, the welding electrode welding rod wa1 of elder generation uses any in the mild steel of JIS Z 3312 of Japanese Industrial Standards and Z 3325 regulations and high strength steel is used, cryogenic steel is used the real core welding rod can both obtain good result, the real core welding rod that the cryogenic steel that particularly requires weld metal to have preferably to use JIS Z 3325 regulations under the situation of high tenacity is used.
Again, because the welding current density height of welding rod unit cross-sectional area, in order to make welding efficiency and bead shape good, the diameter of preferably first welding electrode welding rod wa1 is 1.4mm ~ 2.0mm, and back welding electrode welding rod wa2 diameter is 1.2mm ~ 2.0mm.
The welding electrode welding rod wa1 of elder generation (welding torch 30L) shakes number of times (inferior/minute), in order to make back side bead shape good, gets 40～150 times/minute, in the waveform chap less than 40 times/timesharing bead, can not get good back side bead shape.Surpass then electric arc instability 150 times/minute, can not get good back side bead shape.Back welding electrode welding rod wa2 shakes number of times (inferior/minute), in order to make surperficial bead shape good, gets 30～120 times/minute, in the waveform chap less than 30 times/timesharing bead, can not get surface of good bead shape.Surpass then electric arc instability 120 times/minute, can not get surface of good bead shape.
The amplitude of shaking of electrode makes it according to the stepped variation of thickness of slab in order to make the bead surface good.The amplitude of shaking of preferably first welding electrode welding rod wa1 was 4mm when thickness of slab was the 10mm left and right sides, the amplitude of shaking of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 is 6mm, the amplitude of shaking of preferably first welding electrode welding rod wa1 was 10mm when thickness of slab was the 25mm left and right sides, and the amplitude of shaking of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 is 15mm.
Elder generation's welding electrode (L electrode) and electric arc instability when afterwards the electrode spacing Dw (Figure 14) of welding electrode (T electrode) is less than 100mm, and back side bead exceeds too much, Dw then produces effect for the improvement of toughness greater than 600mm, but device becomes too big, because of rather than desirable.
Also have, speed of welding determines according to thickness of slab, is 40mm/ branch～45mm/ branch under the situation of thickness of slab 10mm, is that 15mm/ branch～20mm/ can obtain good welding during thickness of slab 25mm.
Electrode (welding rod wa1, wa1) shake vertical with sealing wire and parallel with soldered plate of material surface, perhaps vertical and parallelly can obtain same effect with horizontal plane with sealing wire.
Welding rod is with respect to the feed-in angle γ (see figure 2) of soldered sheet material plate face, get earlier, back welding two electrodes are vertical or advancing angle mostly is about 15 degree most can obtain good bead.
The meaning of the composition of the welding rod that adds solder flux that welding electrode welding rod wa2 uses after the following describes.
TiO
2Content is 2.5%～7.0%:
TiO
2Present as character, can not obtain surface of good bead shape less than 2.5% o'clock of welding rod gross weight for the slag former and the arc stabilizer of bead.Surpass 7.0% then in the weld metal oxygen content increase, large-sized non-metallic inclusion increases, microstructure can not refinement, toughness descends, so its scope gets 2.5%～7.0%.
ZrO
2Content is 0.4%～1.0%:
ZrO
2The setting rate of raising welding slag and motlten metal are made the outward appearance of bead good by the degree that welding slag portion surrounds.And and TiO
2Equally, also have the vapour pressure that makes under the high temperature and reduce, make motlten metal drip the effect of refinement, reduce sputter.But content can not get this effect less than 0.4% o'clock, and surperficial bead bad order sputter simultaneously generation quantitative change is many.In case, so its scope is taken at 0.4%～1.0% above 1.0% then owing to defectives such as the high cinder inclusion of setting temperature take place easily.
Al
2O
3Content is 0.1%～1.0%:
Al
2O
3With ZrO
2Identical, can improve the setting rate of welding slag and improve the welding slag spreadability of motlten metal, make the outward appearance of bead good.But content is less than can not get this effect at 0.1% o'clock.In case surpass 1.0% then defectives such as cinder inclusion take place easily, welding slag is not easy to peel off, and therefore its scope is taken at 0.1%～1.0%.
Si content is 0.2%～1.2%:
Si works as deoxidier, and the effect of the oxygen content reduction that makes weld metal is arranged.But content is less than 0.2% o'clock deoxidizing capacity deficiency, produces pore, in case surpass 1.2% then make the ferrite solution strengthening, reduces toughness, so its scope is taken at 0.2%～1.2%.
Mn content is 1.0%～4.0%:
Mn help deoxidation provides the flowability of metal, improves the shape of bead, and is also effective on raising intensity and toughness simultaneously.But content easily produces weld defect less than 1.0% o'clock deoxidation deficiency, in case surpass 4.0% then make the weld metal deoxidation excessive, indenture and pore takes place easily, therefore its scope is taken at 1.0%～4.0%.
Mg content is 0.1%～1.0%:
Mg reacts with oxygen in the electric arc of high temperature, is stage of molten drop to carry out deoxygenation at the welding rod front end.As a result, not residual deoxidation product in the molten bath, and help the Si, the Mn that react in the molten bath to carry out deoxidation, and the oxygen content of motlten metal is reduced, the effect that improves toughness is arranged.But content is less than 0.1% o'clock above-mentioned effect deficiency, in case surpass 1.0% then arc length is excessive, the bead shape degenerates, and therefore its scope is taken at 0.1%～1.0%.
Na, K one or both content wherein adds up to 0.003%～0.3%:
Na, K have the raising arc stability, relax the effect of electric arc to the mother metal internal corrosion.But content is less than can not get above-mentioned effect at 0.03% o'clock.In case surpass 0.3% then arc length becomes oversize, sputter amount, fume amount increase.
Again, requiring to have under the situation of low-temperature flexibility, also in the welding rod of above-mentioned tape welding agent, adding Ni, Ti and the B of following content range.
Ni content is 0.3%～3.0%:
Ni adds for guaranteeing intensity and low-temperature flexibility, but content can not obtain sufficient tough property improvement effect less than 0.3% o'clock, in case surpass 3.0% then heat cracking takes place easily, therefore its scope is taken at 0.3%～3.0%.
Ti content is 0.02%～0.2%:
Ti is strong deoxidier, prevents the motlten metal oxidation, and makes the microstructure refinement of motlten metal with the Ti oxide that generates, and improves the effect of toughness.But content can not obtain the effect that the microstructure refinement makes tough property improvement less than 0.02% o'clock, in case surpass 0.2% then significantly form carbide, toughness was produced infringement, therefore its scope was taken at 0.02%～0.2%.
B content is 0.002%～0.015%:
B has the microstructure refinement that makes motlten metal, improves the effect of toughness.But content can not obtain the effect that the microstructure refinement makes tough property improvement less than 0.002% o'clock, in case surpass 0.015% then become and be easy to generate crackle, significantly form carbide simultaneously, toughness is produced infringement, therefore its scope is taken at 0.002%～0.015%.
Also have, for the further refinement of the microstructure that makes motlten metal to improve toughness, can add the Al below 0.30%, the Zr below 0.20%.And can add the Cr below 2.5%, the intensity that the Mo below 2% is used to adjust motlten metal.
Owing in groove, scatter steel grit or iron powder; the welding electrode welding rod wa1 of elder generation uses the steel welding rod bigger than the welding rod depth of fusion of tape welding agent; but, electrode is shaken, so the generating capacity of sputter is big because the current density in welding rod unit cross section is big.Therefore,, reduce the sputter generating capacity, first welding electrode welding rod wa1 is carried out the dual gas protection at least in order to improve the gas shield effect.
By means of the expressed various welding conditions of table 4, special investigation the sputter generating capacity in the big welding earlier of sputter generating capacity.
(table 4)
Electric current is changed in 300A, 400A, three ranks of 500A, the sputter generating capacity under existent method (pure gas protection) and the duplicate protection situation is investigated.Usually, existing methods sputter generating capacity increases along with the increase of electric current, and the sputter amount is about 2.0～5.0 Grams Per Minutes, and it is good that the sputter amount is considered to below this.Figure 15 represents the relation of welding current and sputter generating capacity.Take duplicate protection then different with existing pure gas guard method, sputter generating capacity and electric current are irrelevant, below 2.0 Grams Per Minutes.
Below embodiment and comparative example are illustrated.
The tape welding agent welding rod that steel welding rod that first welding electrode wa1 shown in steel shown in the table 5, the table 6 is used and the back welding electrode wa2 shown in the table 7 use is made up; with distribution, curved surface state and the welding condition of groove shape, steel grit or the iron powder shown in table 8～table 13, the bipolar electrode single face gas shielded arc welding that carries out weld length 1500mm connects.Speed of welding is carried out with 15 meters/minute～450 meters/minute according to thickness of slab.The tack welding of groove inner surface then welds 6 places with bag solder flux arc welding welding rod, every 30 millimeters of 300 millimeters welderings.
After the welding, check surface and back side bead outward appearance, the crackle and the impact value of denying arranged.Impact value is that the impact test sheet that the thickness of slab central portion of test object after the welding is got No. 2,202 4, the JIS Z of Japanese Industrial Standards is measured its impact value at 0 ℃.
And crackle has otherwise check with penetrant inspection test and macroscopical section.The result of these surveys also gathers and is shown in table 8～table 13.Table 8～table 13 is that a big table is divided into 6 tables, and these are shown according to following arrangement, promptly
Table 8 table 10 table 12
Table 9 table 11 table 13
After the column that repeats in again the neighbour being shown is superimposed, come same plane, just become a big form.
(table 5)
(table 6)
(table 7)
(table 8)
(table 9)
(table 10)
(table 11)
(table 12)
(table 13)
No.1 in table 8～table 13～8th, the embodiment of welding method of the present invention, No.9～28th, comparative example.As No.1～the 8th of embodiments of the invention, the composition that shakes number of times, welding current density and back welding electrode welding rod wa2 of the distribution of groove shape, steel grit or iron powder height, electrode is suitable; and the welding example that at least first welding electrode wa1 is carried out the dual gas protection; surface and back side bead outward appearance are all good; also do not have heat cracking, impact value is also fabulous.
No.9 in the comparative example produces pore because groove is narrow, and back side bead is inhomogeneous, and Si and the Mn content of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F5's on the table 7) are low.
The groove of No.10 is wide, and the protuberance that welding produces is little, and back side bead comes out too much.Also because the Si content height of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F6), so toughness is low, again because Mg content height, so the outward appearance of surperficial bead is irregular.No.11 has produced the corrode of motlten metal because the dispersion volume of steel grit is low.No.12 is owing to the dispersion volume height of steel grit, so back side bead does not occur.No.13 is owing to the Mn content height of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F7), so pore takes place.Again owing to Na, K total content height, so the sputter generating capacity is big.
No.14 is because the Mg content of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F8) is little, so toughness is low, and because Na, K total content are little, so the electric arc instability.
No.15 is because the welding current density of first welding electrode welding rod wa1 is low, so back side bead does not occur.
No.16 is because the welding current density of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 is low, so surperficial bead bad order.
No.17 since first welding electrode welding rod wa1 to shake number of times few, so back side bead is irregular.
No.18 since back welding electrode welding rod wa2 to shake number of times few, so surperficial bead bad order.
No.19 is owing to first welding electrode welding rod wa1's shakes often, so the electric arc instability, back side bead is irregular.
No.20 is owing to back welding electrode welding rod wa2's shakes often, so the electric arc instability, surperficial bead is bad.
No.21 is owing to the interpolar space D w of welding earlier and back welding electrode welding rod wa1, wa2 is little, thus the electric arc instability, and the corrode of generation motlten metal.
No.22 is because the TiO of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F9)
2Content is few, so the bad order of surperficial bead.
No.23 is because the TiO of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F10)
2Content is many, so toughness is low.
No.24 is because the ZrO of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F11)
2Content is few, so the welding slag spreadability of motlten metal is bad, and the bead bad order, the sputter generating capacity is also many.
No.25 is because the ZrO of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F12)
2Content is many, so the cinder inclusion defective takes place.
No.26 is because the Al of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F13)
2O
3Content is few, so the welding slag spreadability of motlten metal is bad, and surperficial bead bad order.
No.27 is because the Al of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F14)
2O
3Content is many, thus the cinder inclusion defective takes place, and welding slag to peel off situation bad.
No.28 is owing to not carrying out the dual gas protection, so the sputter generating capacity is many.
The welding rod combination of the tape welding agent shown in steel welding rod shown in cryogenic steel material shown in the table 14 and the table 6 and the table 15 connects with the embodiment 1 the same bipolar electrode single face gas shielded arc welding that carries out.And each test is also all carried out the dual gas protection to welding earlier and back welding electrode welding rod wa1, wa2.Again, the evaluation of toughness is-20 ℃ of test impact values.These results gather and are shown in table 16, table 17, table 18.Table 16～table 18 is 3 parts that a big table is split to form, and these are shown according to following arrangement, promptly
Table 16 table 17 table 18
After making the column that repeats in the adjacent table superimposed again, row just becomes a big form at grade.
(table 14)
(table 15)
(table 16)
(table 17)
(table 18)
No.29 in table 16～table 18～33rd, the embodiment of welding method of the present invention, No.34～39th, comparative example.As No.29～the 33rd of example of the present invention, be that the filling solder flux composition that shakes number of times, welding current density and back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F15～F18: table 15) of distribution height, electrode of groove shape, steel grit or iron powder is suitable; and to the welding example that welds earlier and back welding electrode welding rod wa1, wa2 carry out the dual gas protection; surface and back side bead outward appearance are all good; also do not have defectives such as heat cracking, toughness is also fabulous.
No.34 in the comparative example is because the Ni content of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F19) is low, so toughness is low.
No.35 is because the Ni content height of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F20) produces heat cracking.
No.36 is because the Ti content of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F21) is low, so toughness is low.
No.37 is owing to the Ti content height of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F22), so toughness is low.
No.38 is because the B content of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F23) is low, so toughness is low.
No.39 is owing to the B content height of back welding electrode welding rod wa2 (F24), so toughness is low.
As mentioned above, adopt the present invention, curved surface shape welded structure from short size to long size is carried out single-sided welding, the welding efficiency height, be not easy to crack, the bead at the surface and the back side is good, and can access the weld part of sound and high tenacity, and groove section is long-pending simultaneously can do for a short time, do not need the one way welding of complex operations when being welding, therefore can increase substantially the connection operating efficiency of sheet material at an easy rate.
Table 1
| The motor sequence number | Drive | Stroke | The motor classification | ||
| M1 | Drive chassis 1 (x axle) in the x direction | 70m+A | AC servomotor | ||
| M2 | Drive chassis 1 (y axle) in the y direction | 15m+B | AC servomotor | ||
| M3 | The horizontally rotating of welding torch supporting frame rotating shaft 10 ( | 360°+C | AC servomotor | ||
| M4 | The driving up and down (Z axle) of welding torch supporting frame rotating shaft 10 ( | 2m+D | Dc motor | ||
| M5 | The welding rod of welding rod feeding means 11L is presented | —— | Dc motor | ||
| M6 | The welding rod of welding rod feeding means 11T is presented | —— | Dc motor | ||
| M7 | The adjustment of the tilt fore and aft γ of welding torch supporting frame 3 ( | +0～20° | Dc motor | ||
| Be equipped on the parts of welding torch supporting frame | |||||
| | Welding torch | 30L | | 80mm | Stepping motor |
| | Welding torch | 30L is shaken at the directions X vertical with groove | 90mm | Stepping motor | |
| M10 | Welding torch 30T | Drive welding torch 30T and stretch out Z | 80mm | Stepping motor | |
| M11 | Welding torch 30T is shaken at the directions X vertical with groove | 90mm | Stepping motor | ||
Table 2
| The position probing of carrying out with potentiometer etc. | Sequence number | Detected object | Feedback |
| P1 | The base anglec of rotation detects (θ: the anglec of rotation of rotating shaft 10) | The x of chassis 1, y direction drive (M1, M2) | |
| P2，3 | The detection of groove line angle degree (θ ': the angle that sealing wire is crooked in the horizontal direction) | To sealing wire profiling: the θ ' (desired value of θ → M3) | |
| P2，3 | Profiling angle up and down detects (sealing wire is in the bent angle alpha of above-below direction) | The driving up and down of rotating shaft 10: Z axle (M4) welding rod extension elongation Z (M8, M10) | |
| P4，5 | The workpiece detection (with respect to the horizontal inclination β on the face vertical) that tilts with sealing wire | Tend to overlap with the center of shaking (M9, M11) | |
| P2，3 | Groove tilts forward and back detection (sealing wire is in the bent angle alpha of above-below direction) | To welding condition by disturbing (the desired value of tilt fore and aft γ → M7) | |
| P6 | The travel speed of chassis 1 (V) | The driving of chassis 1 on x, y direction (M1, M2) | |
| P7 | The detection that the welding torch supporting frame tilts forward and back (welding torch supporting frame 3 is with respect to the angle of inclination of base 2) | Welding torch tilts forward and back the adjustment (M7) of angle γ |
Table 3
Table 4
| Project | Content |
| Soldered material | Steel grade: 490N/mm
2Level high-strength steel, weld length 1000mm initial part: 0 degree that tilts, |
| Welding rod | Steel welding rod (φ 1.6mm) |
| Steel grit | (1.0mm φ * 1.0mm) scatter highly: 8mm |
| Cushion block | The solid-state ceramic cushion block |
| Gas flow | CO 2: 25 liters/minute (outside is together in during the dual gas protection) |
| Welding condition | Electric current: 300A, 400A, 500A voltage: 30V, 41V, 44V speed: 30cm/ branch |
| Shake amplitude and shake number of times | Shake amplitude: 5mm shakes number of times: 120 times/minute |
| Thickness of slab | (bevel angle: 50 degree, " V " font, root gap: 0～1mm, 16mm inner surface location welding and assembling height: 5mm) |
Table 5
| Steel grade | Thickness of slab (mm) | Chemical analysis | ||||
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | ||
| SM490B | 12 | 0.13 | 0.30 | 1.31 | 0.012 | 0.008 |
| 16 | 0.14 | 0.29 | 1.32 | 0.011 | 0.007 | |
| 20 | 0.15 | 0.30 | 1.30 | 0.011 | 0.008 | |
| 25 | 0.14 | 0.31 | 1.31 | 0.012 | 0.008 | |
Table 6
| Sequence number | The chemical analysis of welding rod (wt%) | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Mo | Ti | B | |
| W1 | 0.06 | 0.70 | 1.90 | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.0060 |
| W2 | 0.07 | 0.80 | 1.50 | 0.012 | 0.008 | - | 0.15 | - |
Table 7
| Sequence number | The solder flux composition (wt%) of filling | ||||||||||
| The alloy deoxidizer agent | Slag former | Arc stabilizer | Other | ||||||||
| Si | Mn | Mg | Cr | Mo | TiO 2 | ZrO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Na | K | ||
| F1 | 0.6 | 2.3 | 0.3 | - | - | 5.5 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 5.3 |
| F2 | 0.4 | 3.5 | 0.2 | - | - | 6.8 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 5.2 |
| F3 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 0.5 | - | - | 5.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 5.5 |
| F4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 3.1 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 5.7 |
| F5 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.3 | - | - | 5.0 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 8.0 |
| F6 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.5 | - | 0.5 | 5.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.O5 | 0.06 | 3.8 |
| F7 | 0.5 | 4.5 | 0.6 | - | - | 6.0 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 2.3 |
| F8 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 0.05 | - | - | 6.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 5.4 |
| F9 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 0.5 | - | 0.5 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 8.0 |
| F10 | 0.7 | 2.3 | 0.4 | - | 0.5 | 9.2 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.9 |
| F11 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 0.4 | - | 0.2 | 5.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 5.5 |
| F12 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 0.5 | - | 0.5 | 5.5 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 3.7 |
| F13 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 0.5 | - | 0.5 | 5.1 | 0.4 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 5.2 |
| F14 | 0.7 | 2.3 | 0.4 | - | 0.5 | 6.0 | 0.5 | 1.45 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 3.1 |
Annotate: other are TiO
2, ZrO
2, Al
2O
3Slag former in addition and iron powder
Table 8
| Project | No. | The groove shape | Steel grit or iron powder | ||||||
| Thickness of slab (mm) | Shape | Angle (°) | Root face (mm) | Gap (mm) | Kind | Size | Dispersion volume (mm) | ||
| Example of the | 1 | 12 | V | 65 | - | 1 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 6 |
| 2 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 3 | 20 | V | 60 | - | 1 | Steel grit | 1mmφ×1mm | 9 | |
| 4 | 25 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 7 | |
| 5 | 16 | V | 40 | - | 1 | Iron powder | ＜ | 7 | |
| 6 | 25 | Y | 35 | 2 | 0 | Iron powder | ＜500μm | 12 | |
| 7 | 25 | Y | 50 | 2 | 1 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 10 | |
| 8 | 20 | V | 30 | - | 1 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| Comparative example | 9 | 12 | V | 25 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 5 |
| 10 | 16 | V | 70 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 11 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 3 | |
| 12 | 12 | V | 50 | - | 1 | Steel grit | 1mmφ×1mm | 9 | |
| 13 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 14 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 15 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 16 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
Annotate: No.1～3, the solid ceramic cushion block is used in No.6～28
The copper coin cushion block of No.4 use and glass fiber tape and usefulness
No.5 uses the copper cushion block of tape welding agent
No.1～3 are shaken welding torch in the direction vertical with sealing wire abreast with quilt weldering plate surface
No.4～28 are in the direction vertical with sealing wire, with horizontal parallel shake welding torch
No.1～4 and No.9～14 pair priority is welded two electrodes and is carried out the dual gas protection
The dual gas protection is carried out to first welding electrode in No.5～8 and No.15～27
Only No.28 is taked the air protection method that always uses
Table 9
| Project | No. | The groove shape | Shot copper or iron powder | ||||||
| Thickness of slab (mm) | Shape | Angle (°) | Root face (mm) | Gap (mm) | Kind | Size | Dispersion volume (mm) | ||
| Comparative example | 17 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 |
| 18 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 19 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 20 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 21 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 22 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 23 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 24 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 25 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 26 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 27 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 28 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
Annotate: No.1～3, the solid ceramic cushion block is used in No.6～28
The copper coin cushion block of No.4 use and glass fiber tape and usefulness
No.5 uses the copper cushion block of tape welding agent
No.1～3 are shaken welding torch in the direction vertical with sealing wire abreast with quilt weldering plate surface
No.4～28 are in the direction vertical with sealing wire, with horizontal parallel shake welding torch
No.1～4 and No.9～14 pair priority is welded two electrodes and is carried out the dual gas protection
The dual gas protection is carried out to first welding electrode in No.5～8 and No.15～27
Only No.28 is taked the air protection method that always uses
Table 10
| Project | No. | Curved surface state angle of inclination | Electrode | Anode-cathode distance (mm) | Welding rod | ||||
| Initial part | Terminal part | Kind | Size (mm) | ||||||
| Tilt | Rotation | Tilt | Rotation | ||||||
| Example of the | 1 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 5 | | 300 | W1 | 1.4 |
| T | F1 | 1.2 | |||||||
| 2 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F2 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 3 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 5 | L | 200 | W2 | 1.6 | |
| T | F3 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 4 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 100 | W1 | 2.0 | |
| T | F4 | 2.0 | |||||||
| 5 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 5 | L | 600 | W2 | 1.6 | |
| T | F2 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 6 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F4 | 2.0 | |||||||
| 7 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F3 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 8 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F2 | 1.6 | |||||||
| Comparative example | 9 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.4 |
| T | F5 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 10 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F6 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 11 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W2 | 1.6 | |
| T | F2 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 12 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.4 | |
| T | F1 | 1.2 | |||||||
| 13 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F7 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 14 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F8 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 15 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F2 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 16 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 5 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F1 | 1.6 | |||||||
Annotate: No.1～3, the solid ceramic cushion block is used in No.6～28
The copper coin cushion block of No.4 use and glass fiber tape and usefulness
No.5 uses the copper cushion block of tape welding agent
No.1～3 are shaken welding torch in the direction vertical with sealing wire abreast with quilt weldering plate surface
No.4～28 are in the direction vertical with sealing wire, with horizontal parallel shake welding torch
No.1～4 and No.9～14 pair priority is welded two electrodes and is carried out the dual gas protection
The dual gas protection is carried out to first welding electrode in No.5～8 and No.15～27
Only No.28 is taked the air protection method that always uses
Table 11
| Project | No. | Curved surface state angle of inclination | Electrode | Anode-cathode distance (mm) | Welding rod | ||||
| Initial part | Terminal part | Kind | Size (mm) | ||||||
| Tilt | Rotation | Tilt | Rotation | ||||||
| Comparative example | 17 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W2 | 1.6 |
| T | F3 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 18 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 5 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F1 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 19 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F2 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 20 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F1 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 21 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 10 | L | 70 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F1 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 22 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F9 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 23 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 5 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F10 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 24 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F11 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 25 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 5 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F12 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 26 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F13 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 27 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F14 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 28 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F1 | 1.6 | |||||||
Annotate: No.1～3, the solid ceramic cushion block is used in No.6～28
The copper coin cushion block of No.4 use and glass fiber tape and usefulness
No.5 uses the copper cushion block of tape welding agent
No.1～3 are shaken welding torch in the direction vertical with sealing wire abreast with quilt weldering plate surface
No.4～28 are in the direction vertical with sealing wire, with horizontal parallel shake welding torch
No.1～4 and No.9～14 pair priority is welded two electrodes and is carried out the dual gas protection
The dual gas protection is carried out to first welding electrode in No.5～8 and No.15～27
Only No.28 is taked the air protection method that always uses
Table 12
| Project | No. | Welding condition | Welding result | Overall merit | |||||
| Current density (A/mm 2) | Electrode orbiting | Surface stringer bead outward appearance | Back side stringer bead outward appearance | Flawless is arranged | Impact value vEO (J) | ||||
| Number of times (inferior/minute) | Amplitude (mm) | ||||||||
| Example of the present invention | 1 | 230 | 70 | 5 | Well | Well | Do not have | 62 | ○ |
| 180 | 100 | 7 | |||||||
| 2 | 270 | 140 | 6 | Well | Well | Do not have | 65 | ○ | |
| 160 | 70 | 8 | |||||||
| 3 | 280 | 50 | 8 | Well | Well | Do not have | 60 | ○ | |
| 200 | 90 | 10 | |||||||
| 4 | 230 | 110 | 10 | Well | Well | Do not have | 70 | ○ | |
| 230 | 80 | 15 | |||||||
| 5 | 270 | 100 | 5 | Well | Well | Do not have | 58 | ○ | |
| 160 | 70 | 7 | |||||||
| 6 | 290 | 90 | 8 | Well | Well | Do not have | 72 | ○ | |
| 230 | 100 | 12 | |||||||
| 7 | 280 | 80 | 8 | Well | Well | Do not have | 82 | ○ | |
| 250 | 80 | 11 | |||||||
| 8 | 290 | 100 | 6 | Well | Well | Do not have | 74 | ○ | |
| 160 | 40 | 9 | |||||||
| The ratio example | 9 | 230 | 70 | 5 | The generation pore is bad | The generation pore is bad | - | - | × |
| 180 | 100 | 7 | |||||||
| 10 | 270 | 120 | 7 | Groove is wide bad | Well | Do not have | 24 | × | |
| 160 | 70 | 13 | |||||||
| 11 | 280 | 80 | 5 | Corrode takes place | Corrode takes place | - | - | × | |
| 170 | 70 | 10 | |||||||
| 12 | 230 | 100 | 5 | Well | Bad | - | - | × | |
| 160 | 70 | 7 | |||||||
| 13 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Pore takes place | Well | - | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 14 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Well | Well | Do not have | 20 | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 15 | 180 | 90 | 5 | Well | Bad | Do not have | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 16 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Bad | Well | Do not have | - | × | |
| 130 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
Annotate: No.1～3, the solid ceramic cushion block is used in No.6～28
The copper coin cushion block of No.4 use and glass fiber tape and usefulness
No.5 uses the copper cushion block of tape welding agent
No.1～3 are shaken welding torch in the direction vertical with sealing wire abreast with quilt weldering plate surface
No.4～28 are in the direction vertical with sealing wire, with horizontal parallel shake welding torch
No.1～4 and No.9～14 pair priority is welded two electrodes and is carried out the dual gas protection
The dual gas protection is carried out to first welding electrode in No.5～8 and No.15～27
Only No.28 is taked the air protection method that always uses
Table 13
| Project | No. | Welding condition | Welding result | Overall merit | |||||
| Current density (A/mm 2) | Electrode orbiting | Surface stringer bead outward appearance | Back side stringer bead outward appearance | Flawless is arranged | Impact value vEO (J) | ||||
| Number of times (inferior/minute) | Amplitude (mm) | ||||||||
| Comparative example | 17 | 280 | 35 | 5 | Well | Bad | Have | - | × |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 18 | 280 | 110 | 5 | Bad | Well | Do not have | - | × | |
| 170 | 25 | 8 | |||||||
| 19 | 280 | 160 | 5 | Well | Bad | Do not have | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 20 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Bad | Well | Do not have | - | × | |
| 170 | 130 | 8 | |||||||
| 21 | 280 | 90 | 5 | The electric arc instability, bad | Corrode takes place | Have | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 22 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Bad | Well | Do not have | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 23 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Well | Well | Do not have | 23 | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 24 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Sputter is many, and is bad | Well | Do not have | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 25 | 280 | 110 | 5 | Cinder inclusion takes place | Well | Do not have | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 26 | 280 | 100 | 5 | Bad | Well | Do not have | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 27 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Cinder inclusion takes place | Well | Do not have | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 28 | 280 | 90 | 5 | The sputter generating capacity is many | - | - | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
Annotate: No.1～3, the solid ceramic cushion block is used in No.6～28
The copper coin cushion block of No.4 use and glass fiber tape and usefulness
No.5 uses the copper cushion block of tape welding agent
No.1～3 are shaken welding torch in the direction vertical with sealing wire abreast with quilt weldering plate surface
No.4～28 are in the direction vertical with sealing wire, with horizontal parallel shake welding torch
No.1～4 and No.9～14 pair priority is welded two electrodes and is carried out the dual gas protection
The dual gas protection is carried out to first welding electrode in No.5～8 and No.15～27
Only No.28 is taked the air protection method that always uses
Table 14
| Steel grade | Thickness of slab (mm) | Chemical analysis (%) | |||||
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | V | ||
| Cryogenic steel KE32 | 16 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 1.35 | 0.011 | 0.010 | 0.05 |
Table 15
| No. | Filling solder flux composition | |||||||||||||||
| The alloy deoxidizer agent | Slag making | Arc stabilizer | Other | |||||||||||||
| Si | Mn | Mg | Ni | Cr | Mo | Al | Ti | Zr | B | TiO 2 | ZrO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Na | K | ||
| F15 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 0.3 | 2.5 | - | - | 0.20 | 0.15 | - | 0.003 | 5.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 5.2 |
| F16 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 0.5 | - | - | - | 0.03 | - | 0.012 | 5.7 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 4.6 |
| F17 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 1.5 | - | - | - | 0.05 | - | 0.010 | 5.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 3.9 |
| F18 | 0.7 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | - | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.008 | 4.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 5.2 |
| F19 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.2 | - | 0.5 | 0.15 | 0.05 | - | 0.010 | 5.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 4.6 |
| F20 | 0.7 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 3.5 | - | 0.5 | - | 0.05 | - | 0.010 | 5.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 1.1 |
| F21 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | - | 0.2 | - | 0.01 | - | 0.010 | 5.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 5.0 |
| F22 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | - | 0.5 | - | 0.25 | - | 0.010 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 4.1 |
| F23 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 2.0 | - | 0.5 | - | 0.18 | - | 0.001 | 5.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 5.1 |
| F24 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | - | 0.2 | - | 0.12 | - | 0.020 | 6.0 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 3.7 |
Annotate: other are TiO
2, ZrO
2, Al
2O
3Slag former in addition and iron powder
Table 16
| Project | No. | The groove shape | Steel grit or iron powder | ||||||
| Thickness of slab (mm) | Shape | Angle (°) | Root face (mm) | Gap (mm) | Kind | Size | Dispersion volume (mm) | ||
| Example of the present invention | 29 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 1 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 6 |
| 30 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 31 | 16 | V | 60 | - | 1 | Steel grit | 1mmφ×1mm | 9 | |
| 32 | 16 | Y | 50 | 2 | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 7 | |
| 33 | 16 | V | 40 | - | 1 | Iron powder | ＜ | 7 | |
| Comparative example | 34 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmΦ× | 8 |
| 35 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 36 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 37 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 38 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
| 39 | 16 | V | 50 | - | 0 | Steel grit | 1mmφ× | 8 | |
Annotate: the solid-state ceramic cushion block is used in No.29～31, No.34～39
No.32 uses the cushion block of copper coin and glass fiber tape and usefulness
No.33 uses tape welding agent cushion block
No.29～30 make welding torch shake in the direction vertical with welding with soldered plate of material face abreast
No.31～39 make welding torch shake in the direction vertical with sealing wire with horizontal plane abreast
Table 17
| Project | No. | Curved surface state angle of inclination | Electrode | Anode-cathode distance (mm) | Welding rod | ||||
| Initial part | Terminal part | Kind | Size (mm) | ||||||
| Tilt | Rotation | Tilt | Rotation | ||||||
| Example of the present invention | 29 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 5 | | 300 | W1 | 1.4 |
| T | F15 | 1.2 | |||||||
| 30 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F16 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 31 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 5 | L | 200 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F17 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 32 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | L | 150 | W1 | 2.0 | |
| T | F18 | 2.0 | |||||||
| 33 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 5 | | 500 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F17 | 1.6 | |||||||
| Comparative example | 34 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 |
| T | F19 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 35 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F20 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 36 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F21 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 37 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F22 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 38 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W1 | 1.6 | |
| T | F23 | 1.6 | |||||||
| 39 | 0 | 5 | 10 | 10 | | 300 | W2 | 1.6 | |
| T | F24 | 1.6 | |||||||
Annotate: the solid-state ceramic cushion block is used in No.29～31, No.34～39
No.32 uses the cushion block of copper coin and glass fiber tape and usefulness
No.33 uses tape welding agent cushion block
No.29～30 make welding torch shake in the direction vertical with welding with soldered plate of material face abreast
No.31～39 make welding torch shake in the direction vertical with sealing wire with horizontal plane abreast
Table 18
| Project | No. | Welding condition | Welding result | Overall merit | |||||
| Current density (A/mm 2) | Electrode orbiting | Surface stringer bead outward appearance | Back side stringer bead outward appearance | Flawless is arranged | Impact value vE-20 (J) | ||||
| Number of times (inferior/minute) | Amplitude (mm) | ||||||||
| 29 | 230 | 70 | 5 | Well | Well | Do not have | 58 | ○ | |
| 180 | 100 | 7 | |||||||
| 30 | 270 | 140 | 6 | Well | Well | Do not have | 65 | ○ | |
| 160 | 70 | 8 | |||||||
| 31 | 280 | 50 | 6 | Well | Well | Do not have | 85 | ○ | |
| 200 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 32 | 230 | 110 | 6 | Well | Well | Do not have | 70 | ○ | |
| 230 | 80 | 9 | |||||||
| 33 | 270 | 100 | 5 | Well | Well | Do not have | 82 | ○ | |
| 160 | 70 | 8 | |||||||
| 34 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Well | Well | Do not have | 30 | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 35 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Well | Well | Have | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 36 | 280 | 110 | 5 | Well | Well | Do not have | 25 | × | |
| 170 | 80 | 8 | |||||||
| 37 | 280 | 120 | 5 | Well | Well | Do not have | 22 | × | |
| 170 | 80 | 8 | |||||||
| 38 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Well | Well | Do not have | 24 | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
| 39 | 280 | 90 | 5 | Well | Well | Have | - | × | |
| 170 | 90 | 8 | |||||||
Annotate: the solid-state ceramic cushion block is used in No.29～31, No.34～39
No.32 uses the cushion block of copper coin and glass fiber tape and usefulness
No.33 uses tape welding agent cushion block
No.29～30 make welding torch shake in the direction vertical with welding with soldered plate of material face abreast
No.31～39 make welding torch shake in the direction vertical with sealing wire with horizontal plane abreast
Claims (11)
1. the one side welding device of a bent plate, this one side welding device possesses:
Has the directions X travel motor that drives according to the X electrical instruction, the directions X travelling carriage that travels at the directions X of level;
Be held in the directions X travelling carriage, have the Y direction travel motor that drives according to the Y electrical instruction, with respect to the directions X travelling carriage, the Y direction travelling carriage that moves in the Y of the level vertical direction with directions X;
On vertical Z direction, liftably prop up the base that is held in Y direction travelling carriage;
Comprise according to the driving of Z electrical instruction, described base is carried out the Z direction elevating mechanism of the elevating motor of lifting driving in vertical Z direction;
Be held in described base, the welding torch that bevel for welding is used;
It is characterized in that the Z axle that described base can be vertical is that the center is propped up rotatably and is held in described Y direction travelling carriage; Described one side welding device also possesses:
Comprise according to the θ electrical instruction and drive, driving described base is the θ rotating mechanism of the 1st turning motor of center rotation with vertical Z axle;
Be held in described base, detect the 1st detection means of the position of the Z direction position of the groove on the extended line of this rotary middle spindle and the direction vertical with the Z direction;
Be held in described base, detect from the Z direction position of the locational groove of this rotary middle spindle predetermined distance with perpendicular to the 2nd detection means of the position on the direction of Z direction; And
Detected value according to the 1st and the 2nd detection means, calculate the crooked θ ' and the groove bearing of trend tilt alpha with respect to the horizontal plane of groove on the direction of the groove bearing of trend that traverses soldered material, corresponding to crooked θ ', drive described base rotation by the θ rotating mechanism, corresponding to tilt alpha, drive the control device of described base lifting by Z direction elevating mechanism.
2. the one side welding device of bent plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also possesses:
Can be that the center is propped up rotatably and is held in described base with the X-axis of level, and be used for supporting the welding torch supporting frame of welding torch, and
Comprising the electrical instruction according to γ, is the γ rotating mechanism of the 2nd turning motor of the described welding torch supporting frame rotation of centre-driven with the trunnion axis.
3. the one side welding device of bent plate according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described control device drives described welding torch supporting frame rotation corresponding to tilt alpha by described γ rotating mechanism.
4. the one side welding device of bent plate according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described welding torch supporting frame is being supported welding torch, and makes it can be toward or away from soldered material; Device also possesses to comprise according to the electrical instruction that is toward or away from and drives welding torch that welding torch the is toward or away from welding torch reciprocating mechanism of drive motor up and down.
5. the one side welding device of bent plate according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described control device drives welding torch by described welding torch reciprocating mechanism and is toward or away from soldered material corresponding to described tilt alpha.
6. the one side welding device of bent plate according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described welding torch supporting frame is supported welding torch, and it can be moved back and forth with respect to soldered material on the vertical direction of the ordinate that links the 1st detection means and the 2nd detection means; Device also possesses: prop up and be held in described base, oppositely depart from mutually on the direction vertical with described ordinate, the 3rd detection means and the 4th detection means of the Z direction position on the 1st soldered material of the described groove of detection formation respectively and the surface of the 2nd soldered material;
Comprise according to shaking the head motion that shakes drive motor that electrical instruction back and forth drives welding torch.
7. the one side welding device of bent plate according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described control device is according to the detected value of the 3rd and the 4th detection means, calculate soldered material inclination β with respect to the horizontal plane on the direction vertical, stagger corresponding to the amplitude center that gradient β back and forth shakes head motion driving welding torch with the groove bearing of trend.
8. one side welding method that uses the bent plate of the one side welding device of the described bent plate of arbitrary claim among the claim 1-7, with it is characterized in that this method comprises following step:
Support the welding torch that a pair of gas shielded arc welding connects with described base, getting the bevel angle soldered material of described curved surface shape, that inner surface has been carried out " V " font of tack welding or " Y " font groove is 30～65 degree,
At the back side of groove lining plank, filling steel grit or iron powder arrive more than 1/4 of soldered sheet metal thickness in this groove, the height below 2/3,
The spacing of getting between the electrode that described a pair of gas shielded arc welding connects welding torch is more than 100 millimeters, below 600 millimeters,
The welding current density of getting first welding electrode welding rod is 200A/mm
2More than, then the welding current density of welding electrode welding rod is 150A/mm
2More than, and,
Electrode is shaken driving, first electrode is shaken with 40 times/minute～150 times/minute, and back welding electrode welding rod is shaken with 30 times/minute～120 times/minute.
9. the one side welding method of bent plate according to claim 8 is characterized in that, back welding electrode welding rod is the welding rod that has solder flux, and the various compositions that institute's filling solder flux the comprises percentage by weight shared with respect to the welding rod gross weight is:
TiO
2： 2.5％～7.0％
ZrO
2： 0.4％～1.0％
Al
2O
3：0.1％～1.0％
Si： 0.2％～1.2％
Mn： 1.0％～4.0％
Mg： 0.1％～1.0％，
And the summation of one or both of contained Na and K is 0.03%～0.3%.
10. the one side welding method of bent plate according to claim 9 is characterized in that, back welding electrode welding rod is the welding rod that has solder flux, and the various compositions that institute's filling flux the comprises percentage by weight shared with respect to the welding rod gross weight is:
Ni：0.3％～3.0％，
Ti：0.02％～0.2％，
B： 0.002％～0.015％。
11. the one side welding method of bent plate according to claim 8 is characterized in that, with the 1st layer of protective gas and the 2nd layer of protective gas first welding electrode welding rod is carried out the dual gas protection at least.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29843996A JP3526506B2 (en) | 1996-11-11 | 1996-11-11 | Single-sided welding machine for curved plates |
| JP298439/96 | 1996-11-11 | ||
| JP01268297A JP3385332B2 (en) | 1997-01-27 | 1997-01-27 | Two-electrode single-sided gas shielded arc welding method |
| JP12682/97 | 1997-01-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1184013A CN1184013A (en) | 1998-06-10 |
| CN1235713C true CN1235713C (en) | 2006-01-11 |
Family
ID=26348325
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB971222800A Expired - Fee Related CN1235713C (en) | 1996-11-11 | 1997-11-11 | Single-side welding apparatus and method for bent plate |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100264745B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1235713C (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100569252B1 (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2006-04-10 | 현대종합금속 주식회사 | Flux cored wire for welding austenitic stainless steel |
| JP4933935B2 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2012-05-16 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Single-side welding apparatus and single-side welding method |
| CN102248259A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-23 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Double-wire welding method and system |
| KR101222626B1 (en) | 2011-01-07 | 2013-01-16 | 세종공업 주식회사 | Oscillator for vertical welding appartus |
| CN102248342A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-11-23 | 无锡华联科技集团有限公司 | Profiling welding moving device for automatic welder |
| JP5882773B2 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2016-03-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Single-sided welding apparatus, program used for single-sided welding apparatus, and single-sided welding method |
| CN103302413B (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2015-08-26 | 舟山市定海猎才人力资源咨询有限公司 | Roll-on-roll-off ship stern door multiconductor rotating mechanism welding procedure |
| CN102922102A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-02-13 | 浙江国盛钢结构有限公司 | Steel plate welding method |
| EP3446823B1 (en) * | 2016-10-07 | 2021-04-28 | Mayekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Welding device and welding method |
| CN106425220B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-12-15 | 武汉一冶钢结构有限责任公司 | A kind of large-scale curved plate sheet welding anti-deformation device and method |
| KR102583578B1 (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2023-09-26 | 한화오션 주식회사 | Torch control system with automatic forming curved angle |
| KR20190105417A (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2019-09-17 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Coupling diagnostic method of breather hose |
| CN113977060B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-07-26 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Electron beam welding process method for fusion reactor vacuum chamber window variable cross-section structure |
| CN115008056B (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2023-11-28 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Welding device for mounting water-stop steel plate |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0299297A (en) * | 1988-09-30 | 1990-04-11 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Flux cored wire for gas shielded arc welding |
| JPH02205299A (en) * | 1989-02-02 | 1990-08-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Composite wire for gas shielded arc welding |
-
1997
- 1997-11-11 KR KR1019970059185A patent/KR100264745B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-11 CN CNB971222800A patent/CN1235713C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100264745B1 (en) | 2000-09-01 |
| CN1184013A (en) | 1998-06-10 |
| KR19980042270A (en) | 1998-08-17 |
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