CN1235662C - 过滤器及过滤器外壳 - Google Patents

过滤器及过滤器外壳 Download PDF

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CN1235662C
CN1235662C CNB008099642A CN00809964A CN1235662C CN 1235662 C CN1235662 C CN 1235662C CN B008099642 A CNB008099642 A CN B008099642A CN 00809964 A CN00809964 A CN 00809964A CN 1235662 C CN1235662 C CN 1235662C
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filter cartridge
filter
supporting mass
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air
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H·安德雷斯
H·卢卡
B·厄贝赫尔
G·迈尔
W·布洛斯
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/02Air cleaners
    • F02M35/024Air cleaners using filters, e.g. moistened
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2411Filter cartridges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/52Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
    • B01D46/521Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/62Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
    • B01D46/64Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2265/00Casings, housings or mounting for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2265/06Details of supporting structures for filtering material, e.g. cores
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2271/00Sealings for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2271/02Gaskets, sealings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2279/00Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
    • B01D2279/60Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for the intake of internal combustion engines or turbines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

建议一种尤其是用于内燃机的空气过滤器。这空气过滤器有一个原料空气入口(12),一个净化空气出口(13)以及用于安放过滤器芯子(16)的一个外壳(10)。过滤器芯子尤其包括有一个锯齿状折迭的过滤媒质,在其端面的端盘(18,19)上此媒质设有密封元件。在过滤器芯子的内壁上有一个支承体(17),它具有接合面(23),用于保证过滤器芯子的轴向和径向定位。另外在支承体(17)部位有一个在支承体(17)上沿轴向方向布置的密封元件(26)。

Description

过滤器及过滤器外壳
技术领域
本发明涉及一种过滤器,尤其是用于内燃机的空气过滤器,其中这空气过滤器具有一个原料空气入口、一个净化空气出口以及一个用于安放过滤器芯子的外壳;同时这过滤器芯子由一种尤其是成锯齿状折迭的媒质组成,这种媒质在端部的端面上设置有密封件,其中在过滤器芯子的内壁上有一个支承体。本发明还涉及一种过滤器外壳。
背景技术
这样一种过滤器芯子例如已由WO 95/19832公开。过滤器芯子置于一个外壳内,该外壳具有一个原料空气输入口和一个净化空气输出口。这样一种过滤器用于净化内燃机的吸入空气。过滤器芯子要定期更换。因此必须使过滤器芯子的制造尽可能地价廉。此外必须要保证使过滤器芯子的装配和拆卸都比较方便而且在原料空气部位和净化空气部位之间实现可靠的密封效果。类似的装置在WO97/22795中也公开过。
已有的过滤器芯子压紧在过滤器外壳的两个同心表面之间,这种压紧同时是密封,即使在摇动或者振动时也必须保证可靠的密封。
其中可以看到该系统的缺点在于,每个过滤器芯子都有一定的长度偏差。这就造成当过滤器芯子压紧在外壳里时要用较大的或较小的压紧力。压紧力过大则使过滤器芯子产生变形,而压紧力过小则在振动时过滤器芯子就会发生密封问题。
发明内容
本发明的任务是避免这些所列述的缺点并提出一种过滤器,它适合于在各种不同的工作条件下在原料空气腔和净化空气腔之间建立一种可靠的密封。
该项任务通过以下技术特征来解决:在过滤器芯子的对着净化空气出口的那一端在支承体上有接合面用于保证轴向和径向定位;而且在过滤器芯子的对着净化空气侧的出口那一端还有一个在支承体和接合面上轴向方向延伸的密封元件;该密封元件贴合在一个接合环形面上。
本发明的主要优点在于,将过滤器芯子紧固在外壳里和保证在原料空气腔和净化空气腔之间的密封这两种功能是分开的。过滤器芯子的紧固或者固定是经过一个具有接合表面的支承体进行的,而在原料空气腔和净化空气腔之间的密封功能则经由一个位于支承体内的密封件而实现。支承体按优选方式是一种中空圆柱的和带孔的零件并由一种压注塑料制成。这样一种零件可以制造得精度很高,因而不必要补偿其偏差。过滤器芯子可能存在的长度偏差因而并不影响密封件的密封功能。
按照本发明的另一种设计方案,将过滤器芯子的密封件和端盘合并成单一的零件,这里可以应用聚胺酯泡沫材料,因为它有高的弹性。应用聚胺酯泡沫材料的另一个优点在于在使用过滤器芯子之后其热排除废料性比较简单。
本发明的另一种技术方案是使过滤器芯子在净化空气接管的对面用支承体直接地或间接地支承在外壳壁上或者一个盖上。附加的支承元件或紧固件就不必要了。
本发明的另外一种技术方案是指粉尘预分离。在原料空气入口处布置了一个轴向旋涡除尘器,它使输入的原料空气成旋流,从而使粗粉尘就沉积到外壳的内壁上并可以由那里例如经过一个排出阀而输出。
按照一项并列的权利要求,本发明涉及一种主要为圆柱状过滤器芯子的过滤器外壳,其中这外壳有一个原料空气入口和一个净化空气出口。该过滤器外壳在净化空气出口处有一个接管。过滤器芯子就经由一个内部支承体而固定在这接管上,其中这内部支承体在接管部位处有接合表面用于轴向和径向的定位。
另外在过滤器芯子上有一个密封件,用它来实现原料空气腔和净化空气腔之间的密封。
按照一种有利的技术方案,过滤器芯子可以设置一种密封系统,它应用各种不同硬度的塑料材料。那么密封凸起的肖氏硬度例如可以很小(20至30),而端盘可由肖氏硬度例如为40至60的一种硬的塑料制成。因而一方面使过滤器芯子稳定,另一方面又保证了良好的密封效果。
另一种设计方案则不是在支承管的终端,而在与净化空气出口对面的面上有一个环绕的密封凸起。该密封凸起贴合在盖上并在原料空气腔和净化空气腔之间形成一种可靠的密封。
本发明的优选的其它设计方案的这些特征和其它的特征除了见权利要求书外,也由说明书和附图见到,其中单个的特征可以本身单独地或者多个以组合形式在本发明的实施形式中以及在其它领域内实现,而且可能意味着有利的以及本身可保护的实施形式,对此此处要求保护。
附图说明
附图表示了空气过滤器的一个剖视图。
具体实施方式
按剖视图所示的空气过滤器包括一个过滤器外壳10,它用一个盖11封闭起来,在过滤器外壳10上有一个原料空气入口12,在盖11对面的端面上有一个净化空气出口13。在过滤器外壳10的内周上有一个轴向旋涡除尘器14,在净化空气出口13部位布置了一个同心的接管15,它伸向里面进入外壳的内腔。在过滤器外壳10内有一个过滤器芯子16,它由一种锯齿状折迭的过滤器媒质(例如过滤纸)构成,这种媒质布置在一个支承体17上。过滤器芯子16的端面设有弹性端盘18,19。在外壳里还有一个安全过滤器元件21,它同样也是由一个过滤器芯子20或者无纺布以及一个经由紧固接管22而布置在净化空气出口13里的支承体构成。过滤器芯子16的支承体17在对着净化空气出口的那端设有接合面23。这些接合面23支承在净化空气出口的接管15上并因而使过滤器芯子16实现径向固定。支承体17轴向止挡于接合环形面24处,因而就规定了过滤器芯子的轴向位置。在必要时可以设有一个泡沫中间衬垫。在过滤器芯子的对着盖的那一面上支承体17直接就转入端盘18里,这端盘18同样也有接合面25,它们与盖11共同作用并阻止了过滤器芯子的轴向移动。端盘19有一个密封凸缘26,该凸缘置于接合环面24上并用于保证在原料空气腔和净化空气腔之间的密封。因而端盘和尤其是密封凸缘26并不是机械地与支承体17相连接的。
这种设计的优点在于,装入的过滤器芯子16不必承受压紧力,而只是支承体17承受了过滤器芯子的压紧。整个过滤器芯子16因而处于一种不受力的状态。输送给原料空气入口的空气按图示的箭头流过过滤器芯子16并流过安全元件21并经净化离开净化空气出口13。
图2表示了一种过滤器外壳110,它装有空气过滤器套筒111。空气经入口120进入外壳内,由外向里穿过过滤器套筒的过滤媒质113,流至出口114,并经过一个与出口114相连的净化空气出口150离开这过滤器外壳。
过滤器外壳110包括一个外壳罐116和一个盖117,它们通过作为闭锁装置118的夹紧元件而连接在一起。装配空气过滤器套筒时将外壳盖除去并将带有密封凸起119的过滤器套筒推到一个接管121上,这密封凸起119是过滤器套筒的盖盘120上的一部分。在接管内部在外壳罐116的底面上布置了净化空气出口115。密封凸起119通过推开而扩展到接管121上,从而在这些元部件之间实现密封连接。过滤器套筒的出口114和外壳的净化空气出口115因而与过滤器外壳的其余容积是密封地分隔开的。
此外在盖117和外壳罐116里还有定心环123,这些定心环在空气过滤器套筒的盖盘120以及一个底盘124的外面上起作用。定心接管不仅用于使零件定心,也用于在过滤器外壳有振动负荷时起到支承作用。装上盖117就使过滤器套筒111固定在装配位置上。弹性凸台125支承在盖117里并起泡连在底盘124上,就是通过此弹性凸台125使空气过滤器套筒牢固地压在接管121上。
空气过滤器套管由过滤媒质113构成,尤其是一种锯齿状折迭的过滤纸构成,它环状连接成空气过滤器套筒的一个圆柱状外套。过滤器媒质的端面注入底盘124和盖盘120。在空气过滤器套筒的圆柱状内腔126里有一个支承管127。支承管的出口端有一个弹性区128,它是通过管端的沟槽129而形成的。由于这弹性区就使支承管127的端部在径向方向上是弹性的。由于一起注入了盖盘120,因而在装配套筒111时就与之一起扩展到接管121上,从而在支承管和盖盘之间保持了一种形状连接的连接135。
支承管由一种圆柱形栅格130组成,它对气流的扰动不大并且保证向着过滤器套筒的内腔126使过滤媒质有足够的径向方向的支承。在支承管的背离出口114的端部注上一个盖状封堵131。该封堵为凸起状结构,以便能够承受在内腔126和外壳内部之间的压力差和脉动。管子下端以及封堵131的边缘132一起注入底盘124里。因而在此部位实现了密封。

Claims (9)

1.内燃机的空气过滤器,其具有一个原料空气入口、一个净化空气出口以及一个用于安放过滤器芯子的外壳,其中过滤器芯子由一种尤其是成锯齿状折迭的过滤媒质组成,这种媒质在端部的端面上设置有密封件,其中在过滤器芯子的内壁上有一个支承体,其中在过滤器芯子(16)的对着净化空气出口(13)的那一端在支承体(17)上有接合面(23)用于保证轴向和径向定位;而且在过滤器芯子(16)的对着净化空气侧的出口那一端还有一个在支承体(17)和按合面(23)上轴向方向延伸的密封元件(26);该密封元件贴合在一个接合环形面(24)上。
2.按权利要求1所述的过滤器,其特征在于,密封元件(26)与端盘(19)形成一个结构单元。
3.按权利要求1所述的过滤器,其特征在于,过滤器芯子在位于净化空气出口对面的端部在轴向方向上支承在一个外壳壁上或者在一个盖(11)上。
4.按权利要求3所述的过滤器,其特征在于,直接地或者间接地在支承体(17)上实现支承。
5.按上述权利要求之一所述的过滤器,其特征在于,在原料空气的入口部位设置了一个轴向旋涡除尘器(14)。
6.用于一种基本为圆柱形的过滤器芯子的过滤器外壳,其中有一个原料空气入口和一个净化空气出口,而且这过滤器芯子固定在净化空气出口的一个接管上,其特征在于,过滤器芯子(16)有一个内部的支承体(17),在这支承体上在接管部位有接合面(23)用于保证轴向和径向的定位,并且在接合面(23)的部位处有一个密封件(26)用于使过滤器芯子(16)在外壳(10)上实现径向的和/或轴向的密封。
7.按权利要求1所述的过滤器,其特征在于,密封元件(26)具有一个相对于端盘(19)来说较小的肖氏硬度。
8.按权利要求1所述的过滤器,其特征在于,在底盘(124)上环绕地设计有弹性凸台,它实现了在原料空气腔和净化空气腔之间的密封。
9.按权利要求1所述的过滤器,其特征在于,端盘(19)与接合面(23)形成一个结构单元。
CNB008099642A 1999-07-02 2000-06-10 过滤器及过滤器外壳 Expired - Lifetime CN1235662C (zh)

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WO2001002079A1 (de) 2001-01-11
CN1360515A (zh) 2002-07-24
US20020112459A1 (en) 2002-08-22
EP1191994A1 (de) 2002-04-03
BR0012353A (pt) 2002-05-14
EP1191994B1 (de) 2005-05-11
KR100748729B1 (ko) 2007-08-13
JP4629936B2 (ja) 2011-02-09
DE19930614A1 (de) 2001-01-04
KR20020022078A (ko) 2002-03-23
CZ20014599A3 (cs) 2002-07-17
ATE295218T1 (de) 2005-05-15
US6599342B2 (en) 2003-07-29
CZ300412B6 (cs) 2009-05-13
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JP2003503189A (ja) 2003-01-28
DE50010294D1 (de) 2005-06-16

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