CN1234143A - 减小静态电流的控制装置 - Google Patents

减小静态电流的控制装置 Download PDF

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CN1234143A
CN1234143A CN97198904A CN97198904A CN1234143A CN 1234143 A CN1234143 A CN 1234143A CN 97198904 A CN97198904 A CN 97198904A CN 97198904 A CN97198904 A CN 97198904A CN 1234143 A CN1234143 A CN 1234143A
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circuit
capacitor
control device
diode
output stage
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CN97198904A
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CN1078768C (zh
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托马斯·莫尔
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/468—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc characterised by reference voltage circuitry, e.g. soft start, remote shutdown
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种控制装置,它具有对后置电子电路提供确定供电电压的输出级及一个用于减小由电压源供给的静态电流的在输出级之前设置的电路级。静态电流的实质性减小是通过简单措施来达到的,即电路级设有一个电子开关,它可借助一个由一个控制电路提供的给定值信号(SW)被控制成开断或闭合状态。

Description

减小静态电流的控制装置
本发明涉及一种控制装置，其具有一个输出级，以对后置电子电路提供确定的供电电压；及具有一个输出级的前置电路级，用于减小由电压源供给的静态电流。
由电池电压持续供电的控制装置被要求静态电流的吸取为100μa至500μa。尤其是其下限值不能用传统的电压调节装置来实现。
本发明的任务在于，提供一种开始部分所述类型的控制装置，借助它可实现使静态电流减小到明显低于通常值。
该任务由独立权利要求1中给出的特征来解决。由此设计了：该电路级具有一个电子开关，该电子开关可借助一个由一个控制电路提供的给定值信号被控制成开断或闭合状态。在对后级电子电路供给电源电压的输出级之前设置的电子开关可被控制到开断状态，将使电子电路无信号状态的静态电流减小到显著地小于100μA的值上。为了启动电子电路，该开关被控制成闭合状态。
一种简单的控制可能性可通过使给定值信号作成脉宽调制数字信号来取得。
用于减少静态电流的控制装置的简单构造在于：该开关是一个晶体三极管，它的发射极与电压源的正极相连接，及它的集电极与输出级相连接；在控制电路的输出给定值信号的输出端及发射极之间串联着一个电容器及一个二极管，其中二极管的阴极与控制电路的端子相连接，及其阳极与电容器的一个端子相连接，电容器的另一端子与发射极相连接，及晶体管的基极通过一个电阻连接在二极管与电容器之间。其中为了实现一种确定的状态，可有利地在电容和二极管的串联电路上并联另一电阻。
并建议，对由电容及电阻构成的时间常数及脉冲持续时间这样地取值，即晶体管形式的开关在脉冲持续期间并在电子电路工作状态时处于闭合状态，以致用简单的措施可保证：在后级电子电路工作状态时，该电子电路由输出级以确定的供电电压供电。
作为脉宽调制数字信号的替换，该给定值信号也可用模拟信号来预置。与权利要求3中详细描述的结构相比，这时可取消电容器及二极管，并使电阻离开基极的端子与给定值信号端子相连接。
以下将参照附图借助一实施例来详细说明本发明。附图为：
图1为该控制装置的概要电路结构；及
图2为图1中点A及B上的电压信号波形。
在图1中概要地表示了一个控制装置的电路结构。一个电压调节器SR对后置电子电路输出供电电压VCC，后者为一个微控制器或微处理器。在提供电池电压Ubat的电压源和电压调节器SR之间连接了一个电路级ST，借助它可使在电子电路无信号状态时电压调节器SR的静态电流减至最小。
电路级ST具有一个作为电子开关的晶体管T，它的发射极与电压源的正极相连接，及它的集电极与电压调节器SR相连接。此外，电路级ST的输入侧与一个譬如外部控制电路的一个端子相连接，该外部控制电路供给给定值信号SW。在供给给定值信号的端子及晶体管T的发射极之间，一方面与电容C及二极管D的串联电路相连接，其中二极管D的阳极与电容C相连接，其阴极通过点A与控制电路的端子相连接。晶体管T的基极通过一个电阻R1连接在电容C和二极管D之间的一个点B上。另一电阻R2与电容C及二极管D的串联电路相并联。地GND作为参考电位。
在图2中表示出图1中点A和B上随时间t变化的电压波形U。在给定值信号SW的周期Δt期间、即在点A上电压波形UA的周期中，给定值信号SW首先处于低(L)电平并接着处于高(H)电平，该高电平位于电池电压Ubat上。
一旦给定值信号SW从一初始静态值降至L电平时，点B上的电压以很小的时延变化，并处于L电平以上的二极管D的转折电压上。从给定值信号SW重新取得H电平的时刻开始，在电阻R1上流过基极电流并使电容器C充电，直到给定值信号SW又降至L电平为止。在该时刻前根据脉冲宽度及时间常数CR1，至少在晶体管T保持导通及电压调节器SR、并由此后置电子电路被供电的时期中，点B上的电压处于电池电压Ubat以下。只要给定值信号SW处于H电平，二极管D处于阻断状态。在给定值信号SW处于L电平时，二极管处于导通状态。
为使晶体管T形式的开关进入开通状态，使给定值信号处于H电平并保持在该电平上。在控制装置关断的情况下该给定值也被保持在电池电压Ubat上。在控制装置开通的情况下脉冲宽度例如从5至95％的周期时间变化。
借助电路级ST达到的优点在于，可达到公知电压调节器无法实现的小静态电流。所述的电路级可与传统的、价格低的电压调节器一起使用。
作为替换，也可采用模拟信号来控制电子开关。在此情况下可取消图1中所示的电容器C及二极管D。

Claims (6)

1、一种控制装置，其具有一个输出级，该输出级对后置电子电路提供确定的供电电压；及具有一个输出级的前置电路级，该前置电路级用于减小由电压源供给的静态电流，其特征在于：
电路级(ST)具有一个电子开关(T)，它可借助一个由一个控制电路提供的给定值信号(SW)被控制成开断或闭合状态。
2、根据权利要求1的控制装置，其特征在于：给定值信号(SW)是一个脉宽调制数字信号。
3、根据权利要求1或2的控制装置，其特征在于：该开关是一个晶体管(T)，它的发射极与电压源的正极(Ubat)相连接，它的集电极与输出级相连接；在控制电路的输出给定值信号(SW)的输出端与发射极之间串联着一个电容器(C)及一个二极管(D)，其中二极管的阴极与控制电路的端子相连接，而其阳极与电容器(C)的一端相连接，电容器的另一端与发射极相连接；及晶体管(T)的基极通过电阻(R1)连接在二极管(D)及电容器(C)之间。
4、根据权利要求3的控制装置，其特征在于：另一电阻(R2)与电容器(C)及二极管(D)的串联电路相并联。
5、根据权利要求2至4中一项的控制装置，其特征在于：由电容器(C)及电阻(R1)构成的时间常数及脉冲宽度这样地取值，即晶体管形式的开关(S)在脉冲持续时间期间并在电子电路工作状态时处于闭合关态。
6、根据权利要求1的控制装置，其特征在于：给定值信号是一个模拟信号。
CN97198904A 1996-10-17 1997-10-17 减小静态电流的控制装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1078768C (zh)

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DE19642845A DE19642845A1 (de) 1996-10-17 1996-10-17 Steuergerät mit Ruhestromreduzierung
DE19642845.9 1996-10-17

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CN1078768C CN1078768C (zh) 2002-01-30

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US (1) US6049199A (zh)
EP (1) EP0932927B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001502520A (zh)
KR (1) KR20000048823A (zh)
CN (1) CN1078768C (zh)
AU (1) AU726118B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR9712345A (zh)
DE (2) DE19642845A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1998018196A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100385361C (zh) * 2002-12-13 2008-04-30 上海贝岭股份有限公司 应用于低功耗场合的一组以上电源电压的电源供电结构
WO2014059736A1 (zh) * 2012-10-19 2014-04-24 联合汽车电子有限公司 Dc/dc变换电路的输出电压检测电路

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US4061931A (en) * 1976-08-06 1977-12-06 Boschert Associates Switching regulator power supply main switching transistor turn off speed up circuit
US4692688A (en) * 1985-12-09 1987-09-08 National Semiconductor Corporation Zero standby current switch method and apparatus
DD246660B1 (de) * 1986-03-11 1990-03-21 Robotron Messelekt Spannungsregler fuer ein batteriebetriebenes elektronisches geraet
US4885522A (en) * 1987-12-02 1989-12-05 Zenith Electronics Corporation Constant current source and battery charger
US5220272A (en) * 1990-09-10 1993-06-15 Linear Technology Corporation Switching regulator with asymmetrical feedback amplifier and method
CA2050199A1 (en) * 1991-08-16 1993-02-17 Moore Products Co. Low power switching power supply circuits and methods
JPH06319255A (ja) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-15 Fujitsu Ltd 直流コンバータ
US5414340A (en) * 1994-02-22 1995-05-09 Gannon; Henry M. Feedback circuit for high efficiency linear DC power supply
US5523940A (en) * 1994-05-20 1996-06-04 Micro Linear Corporation Feedback control circuit for a synchronous rectifier having zero quiescent current

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100385361C (zh) * 2002-12-13 2008-04-30 上海贝岭股份有限公司 应用于低功耗场合的一组以上电源电压的电源供电结构
WO2014059736A1 (zh) * 2012-10-19 2014-04-24 联合汽车电子有限公司 Dc/dc变换电路的输出电压检测电路

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AU5187198A (en) 1998-05-15
EP0932927B1 (de) 2004-04-21
DE59711551D1 (de) 2004-05-27
US6049199A (en) 2000-04-11
WO1998018196A1 (de) 1998-04-30
KR20000048823A (ko) 2000-07-25
AU726118B2 (en) 2000-11-02
DE19642845A1 (de) 1998-04-23
JP2001502520A (ja) 2001-02-20
CN1078768C (zh) 2002-01-30
BR9712345A (pt) 1999-08-31
EP0932927A1 (de) 1999-08-04

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