CN1232274A - Radioactive combustible waste incineration treatment process and special equipment thereof - Google Patents
Radioactive combustible waste incineration treatment process and special equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1232274A CN1232274A CN 99106071 CN99106071A CN1232274A CN 1232274 A CN1232274 A CN 1232274A CN 99106071 CN99106071 CN 99106071 CN 99106071 A CN99106071 A CN 99106071A CN 1232274 A CN1232274 A CN 1232274A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010849 combustible waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WSPUWZLSJYOPJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;pyrene Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 WSPUWZLSJYOPJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020442 loss of weight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a radioactive combustible waste incineration treatment process and its equipment, and is characterized by that it uses cold air to dilute and spray water to atomize and quench the cooling flue gas, uses wire screen collector, pre-applicator and bag filter to agglutinate and filter the flue dust, and uses low-energy Venturi device and absorption tower to absorb neutralized acid gas. The invention solves the problems of cooling and purifying smoke containing lead and zinc viscous smoke dust generated in the process of incinerating and treating wastes containing a large amount of plastics and rubber, can incinerate and treat radioactive mixed wastes of pure natural fibers and synthetic materials, and has a radioactive purification coefficient of 107The weight reduction ratio is more than or equal to 10: 1, and the volume reduction ratio is more than or equal to 40: 1.
Description
The invention belongs to radioactive solid waste treatment process and equipment thereof, be specifically related to a kind of radioactive solid waste burning process and specialized equipment thereof.
At present, burning is one of effective method of handling radioactive solid waste, flammable radioactive waste makes organism become inorganics after burning disposal, can farthest reduce the refuse volume, greatly reduce the disposal expense of refuse, increase the security of disposal process, avoided the harm that environment is caused.
CONF-930906 nuclear waste management in promptly 1993 and ambient compensation international conference are recorded the 3rd volume and have been delivered the report of a piece " handling radioactive waste CIU running test " (Operational experience of the Juelichincineration system in the treatment of radioactive waste) about ambient compensation and environmental management problem P301~P304, have introduced the burning process and the system equipment of Juelich laboratory processing radioactivity combustible waste in the literary composition.Its to the effect that refuse send into glove box through the twice gate valve, send on the upper fire-grating of pyrolysis oven the noncombustibles barrelling through combustible after the hand-sort.Light a fire in the pyrolysis oven centre position.Enter from a wind of cold air and the flue gas top by pyrolysis oven, flue gas is drawn under the upper fire-grating and is delivered to second firing chamber (stove) burning after the auxiliary air of sending into mixes.Secondary air is sent into pyrolysis oven by upper and lower fire grate respectively.Upper fire-grating drops to the ash and the carbon residue of lower fire grating, and the secondary air of being sent into by fire grate burnouts.Remove acidic gas in flue gas through three sections gas-gas heat exchange cooling after enter scrubber after whirlwind, bag filter and the high efficiency particulate air filter dust removal by filtration by the flue gas that comes out in second firing chamber, send into smoke stack emission by induced draft fan at last.
It is unreasonable that the shortcoming that this Processes and apparatus exists is discussed its pyrolysis oven design for the present, causing in the waste pyrolysis process air-flow trend is from top to bottom, do not meet correct pyrolysis principle, the grieshoch of promptly from bottom to top arranging, burn the pyrolytic process of layer, pyrolytic layer and preliminary heating zone; This technology is burnt pyrolysis gas at twice, when particularly in pyrolysis oven, burning for the first time, auxiliary air is sent into from fire grate, be difficult to mix fully with pyrolysis gas, cause portion of hot to be vented one's spleen owing to do not obtain sufficient oxygen and produce unburnt soot in the high-temperature region, though in second firing chamber, can burn away, in case producing, soot is difficult to be burnouted, do not reach the purpose of perfect combustion.In addition, its major defect is that the cooling of flue gas is to adopt the gas-to-gas heat exchanger type of cooling, whirlwind, bag filter and high efficiency particulate air filter dust collection method are adopted in the udst separation of flue gas, this cooling, purification style mainly are applicable to the radioactivity combustible waste of burning disposal pure natural fiber element, are not suitable for the radioactivity combustible waste that burning disposal contains a large amount of plastics and rubber.Because contain metals such as lead, zinc in the adjuvant of plastics and rubber, burn lead, zinc chloride and the oxide micronic dust that can produce a large amount of viscosity under the chloride effect in the flue gas of back, in flue gas cooling and udst separation process, can stick on interior pipe, filter bag and the high efficiency particulate air filter of heat exchanger, reduce their cooling, filtration efficiency, even make it stop up inefficacy.And plastics and rubber also can produce three, four benzene pyrenes after burning with toxic gases such as Er Evil , does not have to purify accordingly the measure and the equipment of this type of toxic gas in existing processes and the equipment.The existing radioactivity combustible waste situation of China is the classification that does not have standard at present, contains a large amount of plastics and rubber in the refuse, brings difficulty for after burning the cooling and the purification of flue gas.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of energy burning disposal and contain pure natural fiber class and synthetic material class mixed waste, burn the radioactivity combustible waste burning process and the equipment thereof of back flue gas cooling, good purification.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of radioactivity combustible waste burning process, in turn includes the following steps:
(1) successively refuse is carried out pre-treatment processes such as radioactivity survey, letter sorting, fragmentation, mixing and packing;
(2) time interval in accordance with regulations and injected volume will be sent in the pyrolysis oven through the refuse of pre-treatment, make its decomposes under 400 ℃~500 ℃ temperature, generate pyrolysis Jiao and volatile matter, pyrolysis Jiao burns away into ash and is collected under 600 ℃~800 ℃ temperature in pyrolysis oven, volatile matter with spray in the high temperature combustion furnace after the auxiliary air of preheating mixes, under 900 ℃~1100 ℃ temperature, burnt till flue gas;
(3) high-temperature flue gas that is come out by combustion furnace makes its temperature drop to 200 ℃~230 ℃ by 900 ℃ through cooling;
(4) cooled smoke is sent into smoke stack emission by induced draft fan after purified treatment, wherein, in step (3), high-temperature flue gas is diluted by cold wind earlier, make its temperature drop to 500 ℃~600 ℃, make its atomizing chilling that sprayed water with high pressure again, make its temperature continue to drop to 200 ℃~230 ℃ by 900 ℃, and make the micronic dust in the flue gas in water spray, be condensed into big particulate, be convenient to udst separation in subsequent technique; In step (4), gas cleaning is carried out successively as follows:
A. flue gas is earlier through the sticky dust of silk screen aggegation device aggegation most of leaded, zinc wherein;
B. remaining is leaded in the non-sticky dust adhesion on filter bag surface with precoating again, enter bag hose behind the sticky dust of zinc filters;
C. the flue gas that is come out by bag hose is removed three in the flue gas, four benzene pyrenes He Er Evil toxic gas through high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter and active-carbon bed composite set;
D. absorb neutralization wherein sour gas after again heating and high efficiency particulate air filter by induced draft fan send into smoke stack emission through low energy Venturi and absorption tower with alkali lye by high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter and the active-carbon bed flue gas that comes out.
A kind of specialized equipment that is used for radioactivity combustible waste burning process, it comprises pyrolysis oven, high temperature combustion furnace, flue gas cooling system, flue gas purification system and induced draft fan.Wherein, said flue gas cooling system comprises the cold wind diluter that is connected with high-temp combustion furnace bottom gas outlet and coupled water spray quench tower, the cold wind diluter is supplied with cold wind by blower fan, the water spray quench tower is by elevated tank cooling water, and the pressurized air of the air compression system of being made up of air compressor machine, gas-holder and filtrator after for filtration.Said flue gas purification system comprises by silk screen aggegation device, the smoke and dust purifier that pre-applicator and bag hose are formed, by high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter and the active-carbon bed toxic gas purification plant that is combined into, and by the low energy Venturi, the acid gas purifying device that tower still and absorption tower are formed, the top outlet of water spray quench tower is connected with side-entrance on the silk screen aggegation device, be connected the precoat pre-applicator of non-sticky dust of promising bag hose filter bag surface on the connecting pipe of silk screen aggegation device and bag hose, be connected with the gas storage bag on the bag hose, be used for the dust on the blowback filter bag, the gas outlet of bag hose is connected with active-carbon bed composite set with the high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter, the high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter is connected with the low energy Venturi with active-carbon bed outlet, the endpiece of low energy Venturi is connected with the tower still, the tower still is connected with the absorption tower entrance point again, the tower still is connected with respectively by alkali-prepared tank, for alkali pump, filtrator form for the alkali lye system with by NaOH solution circulating pump, filtrator, the defeated alkali lye system that heat interchanger is formed, defeated alkali lye system links to each other with the absorption tower with the low energy Venturi respectively, the outlet of giving vent to anger on absorption tower is connected with high efficiency particulate air filter through reheater, and high efficiency particulate air filter links to each other with induced draft fan.
The present invention adopts the cold wind dilution to cooperate the water spraying atomization chilling both to satisfy flue gas cooling requirement, leaded, the zinc micronic dust that prevent viscosity stop up cooling device, be unlikely again and make follow-up dedusting, to remove acid gas apparatus too huge, simultaneously can also make the micronic dust in the flue gas be condensed into big micronic dust, be convenient to dust removal by filtration through water spray; In flue gas purification system, adopt silk screen aggegation device and the filter bag surface non-sticky dust of precoating, can aggegation, adhere to the viscosity flue dust, improved the filtration efficiency of bag hose again, make aggegation device and bag hose two-stage efficiency of dust collection up to 97~99%; Increase the toxic gas in the active-carbon bed absorption flue gas; Adopt the low energy Venturi and the absorption tower neutralization of band alkali lye and absorb acidic gas in flue gas effective.Utilize the present invention can burn the radioactivity mixed waste of pure natural fiber class and synthetic material class, the radioactive decontamination coefficient reaches 10
7, loss of weight ratio 〉=10: 1, volume reduction ratio 〉=40: 1, carbon residue content in the ash≤5%.
Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is radioactivity combustible waste CIU equipment and pipeline schematic flow sheet;
Fig. 2 is combustion furnace and flue gas cooling system synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a silk screen aggegation device structural representation;
Fig. 4 is the bag hose structural representation.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of radioactivity combustible waste burning facility, it comprises pyrolysis oven 1, high temperature combustion furnace 2, flue gas cooling system, flue gas purification system and induced draft fan 13.Wherein, said flue gas cooling system comprises the cold wind diluter 3 that is connected with gas outlet, combustion furnace bottom and coupled water spray quench tower 4, cold wind diluter 3 is by blower fan 14 supply cold winds, water spray quench tower 4 is by elevated tank 28 cooling water, and the pressurized air of the air compression system of being made up of air compressor machine 17, gas-holder 16 and filtrator 15 after for filtration.Said flue gas purification system comprises by silk screen aggegation device 5, the smoke and dust purifier that pre-applicator 6 and bag hose 7 are formed, the toxic gas purification plant of forming by high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter and active-carbon bed 8, and by low energy Venturi 9, the acid gas purifying device that tower still 19 and absorption tower 10 are formed, the 4 tops outlet of water spray quench tower is connected with side-entrance on the silk screen aggegation device 5, be connected the precoat pre-applicator 6 of non-sticky dust of promising bag hose 7 filter bag surfaces on the connecting pipe of silk screen aggegation device 5 and bag hose 7, be connected with gas storage bag 18 on the bag hose 7, be used for the dust on the blowback filter bag, the outlet of bag hose 7 is connected with active bed charcoal 8 with the high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter, the high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter is connected with low energy Venturi 9 with active-carbon bed 8 outlet, the endpiece of low energy Venturi 9 is connected with tower still 19, tower still 19 is connected with absorption tower 10 entrance points again, tower still 19 respectively with by alkali-prepared tank 25, for alkali pump 24, filtrator 23 form for the alkali lye system with by NaOH solution circulating pump 20, the defeated alkali lye system that filtrator 21 and heat interchanger 22 formed is connected, defeated alkali lye system is connected with absorption tower 10 with low energy Venturi 9 respectively again, the outlet of giving vent to anger on absorption tower 10 is connected with high efficiency particulate air filter 12 through reheater 11, and high efficiency particulate air filter 12 is connected with induced draft fan 13.
In the present invention, pyrolysis oven 1 is a prior art, and it is that 99207562.9 patented claim is disclosed by application number.To put into continuously in the pyrolysis oven 1 through the refuse time interval and the injected volume in accordance with regulations of pre-treatment, make its decomposes under 400 ℃~500 ℃ temperature, generate pyrolysis Jiao, gaseous product CO, CO
2, H
2, CH
4, and tar fog, gaseous product and tar fog general designation volatile matter.For guaranteeing that pyrolytic process steadily carries out, be provided with stirring apparatus in the pyrolysis oven, and be interrupted and stir material, material is evenly distributed on fire grate, prevent that the bed of material from causing passage, reaches even running.Pyrolysis oxygen burnt and from the wind that the upper fire-grating below is sent into reacts and burns, ash after burning is fallen down on the moving grate by the upper fire-grating of activity discontinuously, with the oxygen reaction the wind of sending into from following moving grate below, the pyrolysis incipient scorch that continuation will burn incompletely under 600 ℃~800 ℃ temperature to the greatest extent, at last, ash falls into ash bucket and is collected.Volatile matter is through being burnt till flue gas with spraying into after the auxiliary air of preheating fully mixes under 900 ℃~1100 ℃ temperature in the combustion furnace 2.Above-mentioned described refuse pre-treating technology comprises refuse is carried out radioactivity survey, to select the refuse of low-activity; Refuse is sorted, choose non-flammable refuse; Cloth in the refuse, paper, timber, plastics and rubber are carried out fragmentation back in baffle-box, mix,, and break into the refuse bag, the heavy 5kg of every bag in case plastics, rubber are too concentrated.Above-mentioned specific time interval and injected volume are per 12 minutes 1 bags, per hour 25kg.The component of pyrolytic incineration refuse is roughly plastics and accounts for 0~25%, and rubber accounts for 0~25%, and resin accounts for 0~10%, and cloth, paper, timber account for 50~100%.The volatile matter that comes out through pyrolysis oven 1 top enters combustion furnace 2 from combustion furnace 2 tops, gas fume after burning is discharged by combustion furnace 2 bottoms, enter cold wind diluter 3, cool off by the cold wind dilution that blower fan 14 blasts, make its temperature drop to 500 °~600 ℃ by about 900 ℃, then enter water spray quench tower 4 from water spray quench tower 4 bottoms, simultaneously carry out the water spraying atomization chilling by sending into pressurized air and chilled water at the bottom of the tower, make its temperature continue to drop to 200 °~230 ℃, micronic dust in the flue gas is condensed into big particulate by water spray simultaneously, be convenient to udst separation in follow-up process equipment, see Fig. 2.Oil firing nozzle 29 is used for before combustion furnace starts first with more than the diesel oil preheating to 800 ℃ among Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 3, silk screen aggegation device 5 comprises housing 32, is installed in the vibrating shaft 33 in the housing 32, be installed in the silk screen that is arranged in parallel 34 on the vibrating shaft 33, vibrating shaft 33 is connected with the motor reducer 31 that is located at housing 32 tops, the rotation of motor reducer 31 drives vibrating shaft 33 and silk screen 34 vibrates together, and the viscosity micronic dust of aggegation on silk screen 34 shakes.Silk screen 34 total surface areas are 20m
2Cooled smoke is entered by the inlet 35 of silk screen aggegation device 5 upsides, and on silk screen 34, the below outlet (not shown) that falls behind by silk screen aggegation device 5 of shaking reclaims sticky dusts such as the most of lead in the flue gas, zinc by aggegation.Flue gas after the aggegation is discharged by silk screen aggegation device 5 outlet at bottoms 36, deliver to bag hose 7 by connecting pipe, on this connecting pipe, be provided with pre-applicator 6, interior dress non-sticky dust-talcum powder, quantitatively send into pre-applicator 6 bottom flues, send into bag hose 7 and precoat with flue gas, all the other lead, zinc sticky dust and filter bag in the flue gas are separated, prevent that filter bag is by sticking stifled on the filter bag surface.
As shown in Figure 4, bag hose 7 is major equipments of filtrating smoke dust, it is by housing 43 and be located in the housing 43 uniform filtering element-filter bags 42 and form, be provided with heat-insulation layer 41 in housing 43 interlayers, housing 43 downsides have air intake opening 44, and air intake opening also is the mouth of precoating, and the bottom has ash disposal mouth 45, upside has gas outlet 46, and housing 43 tops have the back blow port 47 that is connected with gas storage bag 18.Filter bag 42 is divided into six groups, total area 18m
2After starting induced draft fan during operation and adjusting flow, utilize 6 pairs of filter bag surfaces of pre-applicator last layer non-sticky dust of precoating, leaded in the flue gas, zinc sticky dust and filter bag 42 surfaces are separated, and flue gas enters bag hose 7 from air intake opening 44 and filters the back by gas outlet 46 discharges through filter bag 42.The filter bag filtration temperature is 160 ℃~180 ℃.The resistance of filter bag 42 is along with increase and increase gradually the working time of incinerator 2, when the pressure reduction of filter bag 42 increased to 2000Pa, blowback solenoid valve (not marking label) started, and utilizes 18 pairs six groups filter bag 42 blowbacks one by one of gas storage bag, blowback pressure is 0.2MPa, 0.2 second blowback time.Precoat at once after the blowback, the ash that blowback is fallen falls in the ash bin of filtrator 7 bottoms.That the filter bag of precoating not only makes is leaded, zinc powder dirt and filter bag separate, and can also improve a bag filtration effectiveness, and experiment measuring shows that silk screen aggegation device 5 and bag hose 7 two-stage filtration efficient are up to 97~99%.
The flue gas that is come out by bag hose 7 enters high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter and 8 absorption of active-carbon bed composite set and falls three, four benzene pyrenes in the flue gas with Er Evil toxic gas, enter again low energy Venturi 9 absorb in and the sour gas in the air-flow after tower still 19 by entering absorption tower 10 at the bottom of the tower, the plastic eyelet mellapak packing is arranged in the absorption tower 10, cat head is provided with sprayer, be filler spray alkali lye, the air-flow adverse current detour and on, sour gas is wherein absorbed the neutralization back by alkali lye and is discharged by cat head.The alkali lye on low energy Venturi 9 and absorption tower 10 is fallen in the tower still 19, recycles in NaOH solution circulating pump 20, filtrator 21, heat exchanger 22 are got back to low energy Venturi 9 and absorption tower 10 again.Low energy Venturi 9 and absorption tower 10 are respectively 1.5m for flux of alkaline liquor
3/ h and 2.5m
3/ h, the alkali lye original concentration is 5% Na
2CO
3, it is 8 that alkali lye is changed the pH value, two-stage is removed acid gas device 9 and 10, to HCl, SO
2And NO
xClearance is respectively 98%, 99% and 60%, makes the cleaning harmful gas that is produced when burning the mixed waste that contains plastics and rubber to the national emission standard that allows.The flue gas that is come out by absorption tower 10 is discharged to chimney 14 by induced draft fan 13 after heat and high efficiency particulate air filter 12 filtrations again through reheater 11, enters atmosphere.
Claims (3)
1. radioactive combustible waste incineration disposing process in turn includes the following steps:
(1) successively refuse is carried out pre-treatment processes such as radioactivity survey, letter sorting, fragmentation, mixing and packing;
(2) time interval in accordance with regulations and injected volume will be sent in the pyrolysis oven through the refuse of pre-treatment, make its decomposes under 400 ℃~500 ℃ temperature, generate pyrolysis Jiao and volatile matter, pyrolysis Jiao burns away into ash and is collected under 600 ℃~800 ℃ temperature in pyrolysis oven, volatile matter with spray in the high temperature combustion furnace after the auxiliary air of preheating mixes, under 900 ℃~1100 ℃ temperature, burnt till flue gas;
(3) high-temperature flue gas that is come out by combustion furnace makes its temperature drop to 200 ℃~230 ℃ by 900 ℃ through cooling;
(4) cooled smoke is sent into smoke stack emission by induced draft fan after purified treatment, it is characterized in that: in step (3), high-temperature flue gas is diluted by cold wind earlier, make its temperature drop to 500 ℃~600 ℃ by 900 ℃, make its atomizing chilling that sprayed water with high pressure again, make its temperature continue to drop to 200 ℃~230 ℃, and make the micronic dust in the flue gas in water spray, be condensed into big particulate, be convenient to udst separation in subsequent technique;
In step (4), gas cleaning is carried out successively as follows:
A. flue gas is earlier through the sticky dust of silk screen aggegation device aggegation most of leaded, zinc wherein;
B. remaining is leaded in the non-sticky dust adhesion on filter bag surface with precoating again, enter bag hose behind the sticky dust of zinc filters;
C. the flue gas that is come out by bag hose is removed three in the flue gas, four benzene pyrenes He Er Evil toxic gas through high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter and active-carbon bed composite set;
D. absorb neutralization wherein sour gas through low energy Venturi and absorption tower with alkali lye by high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter and the active-carbon bed flue gas that comes out.
2. specialized equipment that is used for radioactivity combustible waste burning process, it comprises pyrolysis oven (1), high temperature combustion furnace (2), the flue gas cooling system, flue gas purification system and induced draft fan (13), it is characterized in that: said flue gas cooling system comprises the cold wind diluter (3) that is connected with gas outlet, high temperature combustion furnace (2) bottom and coupled water spray quench tower (4), cold wind diluter (3) is supplied with cold wind by blower fan (14), water spray quench tower (4) is by elevated tank (28) cooling water, and by air compressor machine (17), the air compression system that gas-holder (16) and filtrator (15) are formed is for the pressurized air after filtering, said flue gas purification system comprises by silk screen aggegation device (5), the smoke and dust purifier that pre-applicator (6) and bag hose (7) are formed, by high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter and the active-carbon bed toxic gas purification plant (8) that is combined into, and by low energy Venturi (9), the acid gas purifying device that tower still (19) and absorption tower are formed, the top outlet of water spray quench tower (4) is gone up side-entrance with silk screen aggegation device (5) and is connected, be connected the precoat pre-applicator (6) of non-sticky dust of promising bag hose (7) filter bag surface on the connecting pipe of silk screen aggegation device (5) and bag hose (7), be connected with gas storage bag (18) on the bag hose (7), be used for the dust on the blowback filter bag, the gas outlet of bag hose (7) is connected with active-carbon bed composite set (8) with the high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter, the outlet of high temperature high efficiency particulate air filter and active-carbon bed composite set (8) is connected with low energy Venturi (9), the endpiece of low energy Venturi (9) is connected with tower still (19), tower still (19) is connected with absorption tower (10) entrance point again, tower still (19) is connected with respectively by alkali-prepared tank (25), for alkali pump (24), filtrator (23) form for the alkali lye system with by NaOH solution circulating pump (20), filtrator (21), the defeated alkali lye system that heat interchanger (22) is formed, defeated alkali lye system links to each other with absorption tower (10) with low energy Venturi (9) respectively again, and the exhanst gas outlet of absorption tower (10) is through reheater (11), high efficiency particulate air filter (12) is connected with induced draft fan (14).
3. according to the said a kind of specialized equipment that is used for radioactivity combustible waste burning process of claim 2, it is characterized in that: said silk screen aggegation device (5), it comprises housing (32), be installed in the vibrating shaft (33) in the housing (32), be installed in the silk screen that is arranged in parallel (34) on the vibrating shaft (33), vibrating shaft (33) is connected with the motor reducer (31) that is located at housing (32) top, said bag hose (7) is by housing (43), be located at the heat-insulation layer (41) in housing (43) interlayer and be located at six groups of filter bags (42) uniform in the housing (43) and form, the top of housing (43) is provided with back blow port (47).
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CN99106071A CN1098526C (en) | 1999-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Incineration treatment method for radioactive combustible waste and special equipment thereof |
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CN99106071A CN1098526C (en) | 1999-04-30 | 1999-04-30 | Incineration treatment method for radioactive combustible waste and special equipment thereof |
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CN1098526C CN1098526C (en) | 2003-01-08 |
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