CN1226146A - 可拉伸夹具 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种夹具,用来紧固到一物件上,该物件有一可紧固部,其形状和大小一定。该夹具的至少一部分由超弹性合金制成,其中有一孔,该孔稍小于该可紧固部。该夹具包括用作受力装置的小孔,外部拉伸力可施加其上,该拉伸力的方向和大小足以使得该孔弹性扩大成供该物件的可紧固部穿过。当该拉伸力撤除时,该孔弹性收缩到其原先大小而夹紧在该可紧固部上。还公开了一种可装到夹具上、在夹具上施加拉伸力的工具。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及夹紧、固定装置,特别涉及医疗领域用来固定骨头和假体的装置。
发明背景
在现今植入假体或把骨头和骨头碎片紧固在一起的外科手术中,外科大夫可使用种种紧固件。使用得最广泛的紧固件也许是旋入在骨头和假体上预先钻出的引导孔中的骨头螺丝。例如可见美国专利5,466,238和5,474,553。
骨头螺丝为机械紧固件。骨头螺丝价格高,手术室中必须备有各种大小的骨头螺丝,以供病人之需。骨头螺丝是侵入性的,尽管它们可把加固套或加固杆紧固到骨头上而加固骨头,但由于螺丝孔四周出现应力集中以及由于植入物长期用作骨头的应力罩,因此骨头本身的强度降低。外科大夫必须想方设法选定骨头螺丝的合适位置,骨头螺丝一旦旋入骨头其位置就无法改变。如需要改变位置就得另钻孔。
特别是,在稳固骨折或融合部位的操作中,通常使用骨头螺丝把一板或一杆紧固到骨架上后把骨头螺丝与板或杆互锁在一起。螺丝与板或杆之间的互锁一般是机械性的,一般使用螺纹紧固件、垫圈和/或束缚接头。为了确保该互锁的正确锁定和牢靠,必须施加足够的力矩或其他力。如互锁得不牢靠,接头会松开,造成骨折治疗、固定或融合的失败。因此,这种互锁装置的成功在很大程度上依赖于外科大夫的经验和技巧。
其他紧固件有粘合剂,例如在植入人造髋骨时把所植入的髋干固定在病人的股骨髓内管中的粘合剂。但也有用金属绑带用作紧固件的,例如用金属绑带套住骨折部位后通过夹紧或使用螺纹紧固件紧固绑带两端而使骨头碎片定位。
显然需要有一种互锁效果确切、可靠、一致、从而把金属、塑料、合成材料和/或粘合结构紧固在骨头或其自身上的互锁装置。还需要有一种互锁装置稳固骨头的全关节置换和把加固物紧固在植入物上以解决外科手术中遇到的骨头缺损或缺失问题。
本发明概述
本发明提供一种夹具,宽泛地说,它能刚性、但可松开地紧固在一物件上,该物件有一其大小和形状一定的可紧固部。在医疗领域,该夹具可与一套住一骨头而把骨头碎片固定在一起的绑带配合使用,或可用来把一假体等的各部分夹紧在一起。该夹具包括一弹性体,该弹性体的至少一部分由超弹性合金构成。该弹性体中有一穿孔,该穿孔的大小稍小于该可紧固部。该夹具包括可在其上施加一外部拉伸力的受力装置,该力的大小和方向可使该穿孔弹性扩大到足以供该可紧固部穿过。夹具拉伸机构可为植入物的设计所固有,所施加的外力可相对一锁定机构移动夹具。在撤除该拉伸力时,该穿孔弹性夹紧该可紧固部。
最好是,该弹性体在第一正交方向上的尺寸大大小于其他两个正交方向上的尺寸,该受力装置的位置设置成可使该穿孔在与第一正交方向垂直的方向上扩大,在另一实施例中,该穿孔在该弹性体中的伸展方向与第一正交方向平行。
在本发明一优选实施例中,提供了一种成套组件,包括:一具有一可紧固部的物件,该紧固部包括大小和形状一定的第一和第二段;以及一可刚性、但可松开地紧固在该物件上的夹具。该夹具包括其中伸展有一孔的一弹性体,该孔的大小稍小于该可紧固部的第一可紧固段,但稍大于该可紧固部的第二段。该夹具包括在其上可施加一外力的受力装置,该外力的方向和大小使得所述夹具从第二段移动到第一段,与此同时夹具中的孔弹性扩大,从而所述夹具弹性夹紧在所述可紧固部上。
在一更优选的实施例中,本发明提供一种绑带夹紧成套组件,包括一夹具,该夹具的至少一部分由超弹性合金构成,其中有一穿孔。该成套组件包括一细长绑带和一夹具锁,该夹具锁的表面紧贴绑带,该夹具锁包括其横截面稍大于夹具中穿孔的第一部分、其横截面稍小于夹具中穿孔的第二部分以及所述第一与第二部分之间、一具有一滑动斜面的中间部分。该滑动斜面构作成可沿该滑动斜面用力把夹具从第二部分推向第一部分,与此同时夹具弹性扩大,从而当撤销沿滑动面推动夹具的力时夹具弹性夹紧在所述绑带上。
本发明在医疗领域特别有用,它可用来把绑带的两端紧固在一起而稳固骨头碎片;装配各种骨头假体、例如花梗形螺丝装置、外伤固定装置、外部固定装置;以及把加固物紧固在取代缺失骨头的植入物上。
附图的简要说明
图1为把一绑带的两端锁定在一起的一锁定装置的立体图;
图2为图1所示绑带的立体图;
图3为图1夹具所使用的那类夹具体;
图4为图3夹具的俯视图,其中的夹具体为剖面图;
图5为沿图3中5-5线剖取的剖面图;
图6为使用于本发明夹具的手动加力装置的立体图;
图6A和6B为图6所示装置的两部件的立体图;
图7为本发明夹具与一花梗形螺丝一起夹紧一支撑杆的立体图;
图8为图7装置的局部剖面图;
图9为另一种夹具的立体图;
图10为一绑带与图9所示夹具装在一起时的俯视图;
图11为用于图9夹具的一工具的局部立体图;
图12为本发明一夹紧装置的分解立体图;
图13为图12装置在一绑带上处于非锁定位置的俯视图;
图14为图12装置处于其锁定位置上的俯视图。
详细说明
从下述说明显然可看出,本发明夹具使用其至少一部分、最好是全部由镍钛金属互化物之类超弹性合金制成的一弹性体,该弹性体中有一穿孔。这种材料的弹性使得夹具可受拉伸,从而该孔在与该孔轴线正交的平面中的一个或多个线度上扩大,从而原先无法穿过该孔的一绑带或一物件(包括待夹紧在一起的多个物件)的可紧固部可穿过该孔。扩大该孔的力一旦撤除,孔壁收紧该可紧固部而夹定该可紧固部。夹具的“弹性”在这里指:夹具在受到外力作用时可从原有形状发生变形,而当外力撤除时恢复其原有形状。
图1-5示出本发明一把一绑带的两端夹持在一起的夹具。图1中用标号10表示的夹具和绑带组合包括一一般为长方体的夹具12,该夹具的厚度(图3中“t”)在三个正交线度中最小,另两个线度(高度和宽度)大致相同。一长方形孔14伸展在夹具12的宽度上。夹具的四角处有用作受力装置的孔16,这些孔至少伸展在夹具的一部分厚度上。例如图6所示的一加力装置的销钉插入这些孔16中,这在下文说明。
一金属绑带18包括其横截面呈长方形的一细长主体20(图2)。绑带18在其整个长度上的尺寸不变,但其一端可有一扩大部22。该绑带的尺寸由于其高度(图2中“h”)稍大于夹具中的孔14的相应高度而无法自由穿过孔14。该绑带可用钛之类的合适金属制成。绑带的材料可使用镍钛金属互化物或其他超弹性合金。
可用图6所示一加力装置30在夹具上施加一很大拉伸力而扩大夹具中的孔。装置30包括两细长件32,34。细长件32的一部分长度上有一在前部开口的细长槽35,该槽后部终止于一应力消除孔36。槽35的前端扩大成一呈椭圆形或跑道形的孔33。细长件32的前部终止于其上有向前伸出的销钉37,40的一鼻部,这些销钉的方向和间距使得它们可插入图3所示夹具的受力孔中。从臂38伸出的销钉37可插入夹具上部两孔中,从臂39伸出的销钉40可插入夹具下部两孔中。孔16最好呈与销钉37,40相同的长方形,以使销钉与孔之间的接触面最大并使夹具的在孔与夹具的邻边之间的剪切平面面积最大。
细长件34前端侧面上伸出一凸轮突起41,其大小可插入细长件32的椭圆形孔33中。突起41也呈椭圆形,其大小在细长件32和34的用作手柄的后部如图6中箭头所示压靠在一起时其外表面抵靠、撑开孔33的正对两壁。两手柄压靠在一起时,销钉37,40分开,如图3所示垂直拉伸图3中的夹具,从而孔14的高度稍稍扩大而足以插入绑带18。在孔14保持扩大时,绑带可穿过该孔直到扩大部分22抵靠夹具进口处的表面,然后如图1和4所示绑带绕过一骨头、一假体或其他待紧固在一起或受支撑的物件后再次穿过孔14。然后撤除拉伸力,孔14弹性收缩,其高度恢复到原先高度,牢固夹紧孔中的绑带部分。
应该看到,图1所示装置很容易调节,这只须重新插入拉伸装置的销钉、撑开孔14而稍稍松开绑带,夹紧装置一旦重新正确定位,即撤除拉伸力而重新把绑带牢牢夹紧在夹具12中。此外,如绑带用镍钛金属互化物之类超弹性合金制成,绑带本身可围绕一骨头或其他待夹紧物件弹性拉伸,同时绑带两端牢牢夹紧在夹具中,从而绑带始终在该物件上施加夹紧力。
如下文详述,超弹性合金的弹性变形可超过所谓的虎克定律区。用镍钛金属互化物之类超弹性合金制成夹具可大大提高夹具的弹性变形范围,从而夹具中的孔和待夹紧在夹具中的物件的尺寸公差可加大。
图7示出一花梗形螺丝50。花梗形骨头螺丝可置于多种椎体中与杆互连而稳固脊柱、促进骨头的融合。互连杆(图7中的58)放置在花梗形螺丝头部设计合适的轭架结构中。在图7中,螺丝50包括一段螺纹52和一由一对相间距臂54,56构成的轭架,杆58放置在两臂之间。从图7和8可见,当用夹具60使两臂压拢时,杆58被夹紧在两臂54,56之间,这在下文说明。
夹具60与图3中的夹具类似,只是供一物件的可紧固部穿过的孔62伸展在夹具的较短的厚度上而不是如图3中孔14那样伸展在其宽度上。受力孔64形成在夹具60的四角处,可用图6所示加力装置拉伸夹具60而在图7中箭头B的方向上扩大该孔62。孔62的大小做成它必须在箭头B所示方向上扩大才可供两臂54,56的顶端穿过。从图8可看得最清楚,两臂的顶端可有稍稍向外突起的肩66,以帮助夹具60把两臂54,56与杆58锁定在一起。总之,拉伸力一旦撤除,孔60弹性收缩成原先位置而牢牢夹紧两臂54,56的端部,使两臂把杆58夹紧在它们之间。在图8中还应看到,夹具60一旦就位,其底面68向下压靠杆58,从而进一步夹紧该杆。
本发明特别适用于把加固物装到一骨头假体植入物的主体上。例如,在全膝置换中,有时需要在胫骨坪下方或股骨箱内填满加固物以治疗骨架中的骨头缺损或骨头缺失。在一实施例中,一加固物设计成其正对植入物表面上有一槽在一从需要加固的植入物表面伸出的圆锥形销上滑动。一最好用镍钛金属互化物或其他超弹性合金制成的锁定绑带受拉伸套住加固物和假体后用图3所示之类夹具夹紧。在用来拉伸绑带的拉伸力撤除后,绑带缩短而在加固物上施加夹紧力,从而把加固物紧固在植入物上。同样,在全髋置换中,本发明可方便地把加固物装到髋干或髋杯上。
作为另一应用例,可使用本发明装配外伤固定装置。在一实施例中,一现有结构的骨固定板由用一滑动机构连接在一起的两段或多段构成。拉伸本发明一夹具使得该滑动机构的各部分穿过该夹具中的孔即可把该滑动机构的各部分紧固在一起,防止它们滑动。拉伸力撤除后,夹具把滑动机构各部分牢牢锁定在一起。
作为另一应用例,本发明可使用于经常使用于骨折的外部固定装置。外部固定涉及到把经皮销插入骨折碎片后把这些销与一外部结构连接而稳固断骨。该外部结构使用一夹紧机构把经皮销锁定在连杆上。连杆一般为套管,用夹具把这些套管锁定在一起。可用本发明夹具把销和杆牢牢夹紧在一起而防止各套管的相对运动。
图9-11所示一绑带夹紧装置包括一平板形夹具80。该板为长方体,其厚度上有一很大的长方形中心孔82,该孔的四角如图所示呈弧形。因此夹具80为一由两侧壁88和两较短端壁90构成的长方形框架。两侧壁88中有供绑带穿过的孔86。图9夹具被用于连接其宽度稍大于孔86宽度的绑带92(图10)。
与结合图1-6所述一样,在图10所示箭头方向上对夹具80施加拉伸力使得孔86拉长,从而绑带可穿过这两个孔。在图10中,所示绑带92有一自由端94,绑带穿过孔86后绕过一待夹紧物体,然后以同一方向再次穿过孔86。
图11示出与图6、6A和6B所示类似的一拉伸工具的一部分,可参见图6、6A和6B及其如何手动收拢手柄34,32而使该装置的钳口用凸轮撑开的说明。图11装置与图6所示相同,只是用图11所示弧形突起96取代图6中从鼻部伸出的销钉37。每一突起的外表面的大小和形状与图9和10所示夹具的端壁的内表面100相符。即,图11中的突起96的向外平面97与图9夹具的平面100接触,而其圆角98与夹具的圆角84接触。最好是,仔细加工突起96的外表面和夹具端壁内表面,以使它们的接触面足够大,从而在拉伸夹具时不生成很大的应力集中。最好是,在拉伸夹具时两侧壁88受到的拉力相同。
图12-14示出本发明另一实施例。图12所示夹具110呈长方体,其中有一细长形中心孔112。孔的两端呈圆形114。与图9夹具类似,图12夹具为一由两长侧壁116和两短端壁118构成的长方形框架,两侧壁之间的孔112的宽度与穿过该孔一次或两次的绑带的宽度相配。
图12示出一夹具锁120。它包括一对平行的棍122,棍的外表面124可在夹具的孔112的圆形端上滑动。两棍122在其一端用两撑条126相连。两棍和两撑条最好用金属制成,可焊接在一起。
图13示出一金属绑带130,该绑带穿过夹具110的孔。夹具锁120放置成绑带130在两撑条126和两棍122之间穿过,两棍122的自由端插入夹具的孔中。图13示出两棍的弧形外表面124稍稍倾斜而向撑条126方向张开。两棍122的正对的两表面125(图12)可如图13所示与绑带130的两边齐平或向撑条126张开。总之,可以看到,当两棍122的自由端插入夹具孔112后如在图13中向左推动夹具,夹具孔112就会扩大;即夹具的壁114被夹具锁的外表面124向外撑开。可用一钳子推动夹具110,如图13所示,钳子的钳口接触两棍122的外表面127和夹具的在孔112的两端的外表面117。最好如此在图13中向左推动夹具,直到如图14所示它抵靠撑条126的与它正对的壁。在此位置上,夹具在两棍122上施加压缩力,使两棍锁紧绑带130。
应该看到,施加在本发明夹具上的拉伸力的方向可使孔在不止一个方向上扩大,以便夹紧各种结构件。例如,可在与孔的轴线垂直的互成直角的两个方向上在夹具上施加拉伸力,从而多多少少均匀扩大该孔,以便一圆柱形杆或管可穿过该孔。拉伸力一旦撤除,界定该孔的各壁就沿圆周均匀、牢牢夹紧该杆或管。
尽管夹具可用任何合适弹性材料、例如聚合物、合成材料、不锈钢和其他金属或金属合金制成,但最好使用超弹性合金。超弹性合金为变形程度远较其他金属和金属合金大、但不永久定形的合金。有多种合金具有超弹性。其中使用得最广泛、最成功的为通常称为“镍钛金属互化物”的镍与钛的接近理想配比的混合物。除了具有所需机械特性外,镍钛金属互化物还具有良好的生物相容性。
超弹性指超弹性合金在受到外部变形应力时所发生的相变。镍钛金属互化物以及其他超弹性合金(有时称为形状记忆合金)主要呈两种结晶形态。该合金呈何种形态决定于多个变量,包括环境温度、化学组成及其以前的热-力学状态。奥氏体为以体心立方结构为特征的母相。马氏体为以单斜结晶结构为特征的过渡相。一般来说,温度高时呈奥氏体,温度低时呈马氏体。
对本发明至关重要的是,合金在受到外力作用变形时奥氏体转变成马氏体。合金如此变形的部位只要变形力不撤除就保持马氏体相。应力撤除时变形部位恢复其原先形状而回复成奥氏体。这种现象是超弹性合金的基础。本发明利用超弹性合金,因此在使用温度(普通的体温或环境温度)下呈奥氏体,在受外力作用变形时呈由应力造成的马氏体。超弹性合金的另一个优点是超弹性合金在应力大致不变时能经受很大的弹性变形。非超弹性合金只在塑性变形开始前应力的增大与应变大致成正比(虎克定律)。如在发生很大塑性变形后才撤除应力,就无法恢复原先形状。超弹性合金在虎克定律区内应力与应变成正比,直到到达一屈服应力,但其后在大致不变的应力作用下的进一步应变仍可弹性恢复(由应力造成的马氏体)。应力撤除后合金基本恢复原状。
尽管以上说明了本发明一优选实施例,但在本发明精神和权利要求的范围内可作出种种改动、修改和修正。
Claims (30)
1、一种夹具,它能刚性、但可松开地紧固在一物件上,该物件有一可紧固部,其大小和形状一定,该夹具包括一弹性体,该弹性体中有一穿孔,该穿孔的大小稍小于该可紧固部,该夹具包括在其上可施加一外部拉伸力的受力装置,该力的大小和方向可使该穿孔弹性扩大到足以供该可紧固部穿过,在撤除所述拉伸力时,所述穿孔弹性夹紧所述可紧固部。
2、按权利要求1所述的夹具,其特征在于,所述夹具在第一正交方向上的尺寸大大小于其他两个正交方向上的尺寸;所述受力装置的位置设置成可使所述孔在与所述第一正交方向垂直的方向上扩大。
3、按权利要求2所述的夹具,其特征在于,所述孔在与所述第一正交方向垂直的方向上穿过所述夹具。
4、按权利要求3所述的夹具,其特征在于,所述物件包括一细长形绑带,其一部分长度界定所述可紧固部;所述孔的大小仅当在与绑带厚度和长度方向垂直的方向上弹性扩大所述孔时才容许所述可紧固部穿过所述孔。
5、按权利要求4所述的夹具,其特征在于,所述孔在所述第一正交方向上的宽度足以供所述绑带的至少两个宽度穿过,从而所述绑带穿过所述孔、绕过第二物件后再次穿过所述孔而夹紧在所述第二物件上。
6、按权利要求5所述的夹具,其特征在于,所述绑带的宽度和厚度在其整个长度方向上保持不变。
7、按权利要求6所述的夹具,其特征在于,所述绑带的一端有一扩大部在所述孔扩大时防止所述端穿过所述孔。
8、一种夹具,用来刚性、但可松开地紧固在一细长形绑带上,该绑带的一部分长度具有一定的横截面大小和形状,该夹具包括一主体,该主体的至少一部分由超弹性合金制成,一孔穿过该主体,该孔稍小于绑带的所述横截面大小,该夹具包括在其上可施加一外部拉伸力的受力装置,该力的大小和方向可使该穿孔弹性扩大到足以供绑带的所述一部分长度穿过,在撤除所述拉伸力时,所述孔弹性收缩成原先大小而夹紧在所述绑带上。
9、按权利要求8所述的夹具,其特征在于,所述孔在所述第一正交方向上的宽度足以供所述绑带的至少两个宽度穿过,从而所述绑带穿过所述孔、绕过一物件后再次穿过所述孔而夹紧在所述物件上。
10、按权利要求2所述的夹具,其特征在于,所述孔在与所述第一正交方向平行的方向上穿过所述主体。
11、按权利要求10所述的夹具,其特征在于,所述物件有一对臂,两臂的端部界定可紧固部,两端部之间的距离使它们仅当所述孔在与所述第一正交方向垂直的方向上弹性扩大时才能穿过所述孔,从而在所述拉伸力撤除后所述两臂端部锁定在所述孔中。
12、按上述任一权利要求所述的夹具,其特征在于,所述夹具体的至少一部分由超弹性合金制成。
13、按权利要求1所述的夹具,其特征在于,包括一用来施加所述外力的工具,该工具包括一对细长件,每一细长件有一后手柄部,该工具的前部包括两臂,每一臂有紧固在所述夹具主体的受力装置上的紧固装置,从而当所述两臂张开时,夹具在臂张开方向上受拉伸,该工具的两细长件包括互相作用的机械连接装置,随着两手柄部压靠在一起而迫使两臂张开。
14、一种在一可拉伸夹具上施加一拉伸力的工具,该工具包括一对细长件,每一细长件有一后手柄部,该工具的前部包括两臂,每一臂有紧固在所述夹具主体的受力装置上的紧固装置,从而当所述两臂张开时,夹具在臂张开方向上受拉伸,该工具的两细长件包括互相作用的机械连接装置,随着两手柄部压靠在一起而迫使两臂张开。
15、按权利要求14所述的工具,其特征在于,所述两细长件之一终止在该对臂前部;所述机械连接装置包括随着所述两手柄压靠在一起而用凸轮张开所述两臂的装置。
16、按权利要求15所述的工具,其特征在于,所述机械连接装置包括所述一细长件上所述两臂之间的一椭圆形孔和另一细长件上一与所述椭圆形孔铰接的椭圆形凸轮。
17、夹紧一物件的方法,该物件有一可紧固部,其大小和形状一定,该方法包括:
a.提供一夹具,包括一可弹性变形的主体,该主体中有一孔,该孔稍小于该可紧固部,
b.在所述主体上施加一拉伸力而把该孔的大小扩大成所述可紧固部可穿过该孔,
c.使该可紧固部穿过所述孔,
d.撤除所述拉伸力。
18、按权利要求17所述的方法,其特征在于,所述物件为一夹紧一待夹紧物体的细长形绑带,该方法包括下列步骤:在撤除所述拉伸力前该绑带穿过所述孔、绕过该物体后再次穿过所述孔。
19、按权利要求18所述的方法,其特征在于,该绑带由超弹性合金制成;该方法包括下列步骤:拉伸所述绑带使它发生弹性变形,把该绑带保持在其受拉方向上的同时撤除施加在主体上的拉伸力。
20、按权利要求17所述的方法,其特征在于,所述物件为一花梗形螺丝,该螺丝有一对臂形成一可插入一支撑杆的轭架,该方法包括下列步骤:在撤除所述拉伸力前使花梗形螺丝两臂端部穿过所述孔。
21、按权利要求17所述的方法,其特征在于,所述物件为一外部固定装置,该固定装置包括经皮销和经皮销待装到其上的支撑杆,支撑杆和经皮销有所述可紧固部,该方法包括下列步骤:在所述拉伸力撤除前使所述可紧固部穿过所述孔。
22、按权利要求17所述的方法,其特征在于,所述物件为一关节假体,该关节假体有一加固物,该加固物和假体有所述可紧固部,该方法包括下列步骤:在所述拉伸力撤除前使所述可紧固部穿过所述孔。
23、按权利要求17-22中任一权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,所述夹具的至少一部分由超弹性合金制成。
24、夹紧一物件的方法,该物件有一可紧固部,其大小和形状一定,该方法包括:
a.提供一夹具,包括其至少一部分由超弹性合金制成的一主体,该主体中有一孔,该孔稍小于该可紧固部,
b.在所述主体上施加一拉伸力而使该主体的变形超过虎克定律区,从而把该孔的大小弹性扩大成所述可紧固部可穿过该孔,
c.使该可紧固部穿过所述孔,
d.撤除所述拉伸力。
25、一种成套组件,包括:一具有一可紧固部的物件,该紧固部包括大小和形状一定的第一段;以及一可刚性、但可松开地紧固在该物件上的夹具,该夹具包括其中伸展有一孔的一弹性体,该孔的大小稍小于该可紧固部的所述第一可紧固段,该夹具包括在其上可施加一外力的受力装置,该外力的方向和大小使得所述孔弹性扩大成足以供所述可紧固部穿过,然后当撤除所述拉伸力时,所述孔弹性夹紧在所述可紧固部上。
26、按权利要求25所述的成套组件,其特征在于,所述可紧固部包括与第一段相间距、其大小小于第一段而可穿过夹具孔的第二段以及界定所述第一与第二段之间一斜面的装置,从而可沿该斜面把夹具从第二段向上推向第一段,与此同时夹具弹性扩大。
27、按权利要求25所述的成套组件,其特征在于,所述可紧固部包括一楔,该楔包括一抵靠所述物件一部分的表面和界定所述斜面的一外表面。
28、一种绑带夹紧成套组件,包括:一夹具,该夹具包括一主体,该主体的至少一部分用超弹性合金制成,主体中有一穿孔;一细长形绑带,包括其横截面形状稍大于该夹具中的该孔的第一部分和其横截面形状稍小于该夹具的该孔的第二部分以及所述第一与第二部分之间一具有一滑动斜面的中间部分,使得夹具可沿该滑动斜面从第二部分推向第一部分,与此同时夹具弹性扩大,然后,当沿滑动斜面推动夹具的力撤除时,所述孔弹性夹紧在所述绑带上。
29、一种绑带夹紧成套组件,包括:一夹具,该夹具包括其中有一穿孔的弹性体;一可穿过该夹具体的该孔的绑带以及一细长形夹具锁,该夹具锁包括可夹紧绑带的所述部分的一表面和紧贴该夹具中的该孔、从而夹具可在其上滑动的另一滑动面;该夹具锁的一端可插入夹具孔中,第二端稍大于夹具孔,从而当用力沿该滑动面把夹具从夹具锁的一端推向第二端时,夹具弹性扩大,而当撤除沿滑动面推动夹具的力时,夹具把夹具锁弹性夹紧到绑带上。
30、用绑带夹紧骨头之类一物件的方法,包括:
a.提供一由一弹性变形体制成、其中有一孔的夹具;
b.把一绑带装到一细长形夹具锁上,该夹具锁包括一夹紧所述绑带的一表面和紧贴夹具中的孔、从而夹具可在其上滑动的另一滑动面;该夹具锁的一端可插入该夹具孔中,其第二端稍大于该夹具孔,
c.沿所述滑动面用力把夹具从夹具锁的第一端推向第二端,与此同时夹具孔弹性扩大,以及
d.撤除所述力,夹具把夹具锁弹性夹紧在所述绑带上。
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- 1996-06-05 US US08/658,757 patent/US5683404A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-06-04 CN CN97196839A patent/CN1226146A/zh active Pending
- 1997-06-04 EP EP97928844A patent/EP0909144A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-06-04 BR BR9709549A patent/BR9709549A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-06-04 CA CA002257379A patent/CA2257379A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-06-04 AU AU33005/97A patent/AU738126B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-06-04 KR KR1019980709955A patent/KR20000016381A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-06-04 WO PCT/US1997/009713 patent/WO1997046166A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-06-04 JP JP10500840A patent/JP2001502559A/ja active Pending
- 1997-06-04 EA EA199800982A patent/EA001251B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-12-04 NO NO985691A patent/NO985691L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103129829A (zh) * | 2008-12-09 | 2013-06-05 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 活性绑扎材料及孔眼 |
CN103129829B (zh) * | 2008-12-09 | 2015-02-04 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 紧固组件 |
CN102985020A (zh) * | 2010-06-23 | 2013-03-20 | 库森生物技术公司 | 适于保持预定的椎间间隔的具有细长元件的保持器具 |
CN102985020B (zh) * | 2010-06-23 | 2016-04-13 | 库森生物技术公司 | 适于保持预定的椎间间隔的具有细长元件的保持器具 |
CN104780891A (zh) * | 2012-11-13 | 2015-07-15 | 席勒公司 | 用于提供心肺复苏的装置和应用辅助器 |
US10406067B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2019-09-10 | Schiller Ag | Apparatus for providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation and application aid |
CN107530111A (zh) * | 2015-04-17 | 2018-01-02 | 因普拉耐特公司 | 将脊椎骨固定到杆上的装置和系统 |
CN105662705A (zh) * | 2015-09-08 | 2016-06-15 | 王宁聪 | 鼓膜穿刺、鼓室内注射及鼓膜切开的固定与推进系统 |
CN108637928A (zh) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-10-12 | 平湖市瑞阳精密机械有限公司 | 一种适用于医疗器械的夹具 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3300597A (en) | 1998-01-05 |
EA199800982A1 (ru) | 1999-12-29 |
BR9709549A (pt) | 1999-08-10 |
JP2001502559A (ja) | 2001-02-27 |
US5683404A (en) | 1997-11-04 |
EA001251B1 (ru) | 2000-12-25 |
NO985691D0 (no) | 1998-12-04 |
NO985691L (no) | 1999-02-05 |
WO1997046166A3 (en) | 1998-03-05 |
WO1997046166A2 (en) | 1997-12-11 |
KR20000016381A (ko) | 2000-03-25 |
AU738126B2 (en) | 2001-09-06 |
EP0909144A2 (en) | 1999-04-21 |
CA2257379A1 (en) | 1997-12-11 |
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