CN1205806A - Staggered pole switched reluctance motor - Google Patents
Staggered pole switched reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1205806A CN1205806A CN 96199102 CN96199102A CN1205806A CN 1205806 A CN1205806 A CN 1205806A CN 96199102 CN96199102 CN 96199102 CN 96199102 A CN96199102 A CN 96199102A CN 1205806 A CN1205806 A CN 1205806A
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Abstract
A switched reluctance machine (10) includes a first element (12) having a plurality of uniform poles (18A, 18B, 18C, ...) and a second element (12) having a first pole (22A, 22C) and a second pole (22B, 22D). The first pole has a wide face and the second pole has a narrow face. The first and second elements are disposed for movement relative to each other such that the wide and narrow poles are moveable in spaced relation to the plurality of uniform poles.
Description
The field of the invention
The present invention relates to adopt the switched reluctance machines of electronics commutation, relate in particular to continuous rotating motor by polyphase source control.
In prior art, switched reluctance motor is well-known.These motor have the stationary parts and the movable part that is commonly called rotor that are commonly called stator.Rotor and stator are oriented such that they can relatively move.Typical stator comprises can support a plurality of yokes that are spaced from each other certain distance and gapped magnetic permeability magnetic pole on circumference therebetween.Typical rotor comprises by form two or more certain distance and magnetic permeability bodies of being formed of the magnetic permeability steel lamination of gapped magnetic pole therebetween of being spaced from each other on circumference.Rotor stator is staggered relatively like this: when rotor moves with respect to stator, promptly when rotor magnetic pole moves with respect to magnetic pole of the stator, the respective poles of stator and rotor be close to by.The phase winding of motor is on the magnetic pole of the stator rather than on rotor magnetic pole.Thereby switched reluctance motor relies on heterogeneous electronics commutation to produce relatively rotating of rotor, stator with suitable order to these phase windings are excitatory.Specifically, the excitatory pole pair that on stator, has produced a pair of N of the having utmost point and the S utmost point of phase winding.These phase windings have produced the magnetic flux path that passes polarization pole pair, rotor, stator yoke, i.e. magnetic circuit.Passing under the flux interaction of rotor, rotor rotation makes rotor magnetic pole to moving on to magnetic resistance between it and the stator polarization pole pair on the minimum position.This minimum reluctance position is corresponding to the maximum induction position of energising phase winding.The common feature of two-phase SR motor is: rotor generally is to design according to unidirectional optimum rotation performance.The advantage of switched reluctance motor (being referred to as " SR " motor later on) is: electric energy is converted to the efficient height of mechanical energy, and mechanical structure is simple, reliable, has quite high rotating speed, and promptly 100,000RPM.In addition, the production cost of SR motor is low, and is sturdy and durable and do not need brush or slip ring.
The structure of some general SR motor and electronics commutation system can satisfy the instructions for use of certain limit.Some polyphase sources and rotor/stator system comprise two-phase 8/4 motor under hard-core situation; Three-phase 6/4 motor; Four mutually 8/6 motor and five 10/8 motor mutually.Improving the number of poles of stator and rotor and adopting the reason of more heterogeneous power supply is to reach minimum for thereby the electronics commutation number of times that increases each commentaries on classics makes alternate torque landing or torque pulsation.
The torque of SR motor is relevant with the inductance variation (dL) of the energising phase winding that changes with rotor-position.The inductance of SR motor with rotor magnetic pole near or reduce or increase away from the associated stator magnetic pole of energising phase winding, promptly with rotor one stator system shift-in or shift out the minimum reluctance position and reduce or increase.When the inductance variation (being dL/d θ) that occurs with change in angular position will produce torque; When the inductance of energising phase winding increases, produce positive torque, when the inductance of energising phase winding reduces, produce negative torque.
The problem of the two-phase SR motor of prior art is: on rotor some angle position with respect to stator, the torque that rotor bears equals zero or is very little.This little torque or zero torque position are that a kind of relative position causes because rotor magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator are in so each other, do not have in this position enough magnetic fluxs from the energising magnetic pole of the stator to passing rotor magnetic pole to so that they are relatively moved.The geometry that people once attempted changing rotor magnetic pole solves this problem, thereby makes that having enough magnetic fluxs to get in touch between rotor magnetic pole part and the energising magnetic pole of the stator produces torque on rotor.
A kind of such geometry comprises ladder air gap rotor, wherein, and the energising magnetic pole of the stator has between the first of the rotor magnetic pole pole-face that magnetic flux gets in touch and the magnetic pole of the stator pole-face and has formed the air gap with first inter-air space, have the second portion of the rotor magnetic pole pole-face that magnetic flux gets in touch to form interstice with the magnetic pole of the stator pole-face, the interstice space is narrower than first inter-air space; Transition between first air gap and the interstice is a step-wise transition.
Another kind of geometry comprises the globoidal cam device, diminishes gradually towards the process rotor of the minimum reluctance rotated position between it and the associated stator magnetic pole and the air gap between the stator at rotor to such an extent as to its rotor magnetic pole pole-face is tapered.To such an extent as to the pole-face that these magnetic pole geometries have been widened rotor magnetic pole when the second portion of rotor magnetic pole be positioned at it with energising mutually during the minimum reluctance position of magnetic pole of the stator the first of rotor magnetic pole extended on the contiguous outage phase magnetic pole of the stator position.The rotor magnetic pole geometry of these kinds has been eliminated the zero torque position of two-phase motor, but this rotor geometry can not produce stabilizing torque in the whole rotation process of rotor.This unstable torque or the torque ripple that is produced by the two-phase SR motor of prior art is being unacceptable such as some application scenarios such as washing machine, liquor pump, traction motor, position servo machines, and these application scenarios require all sizable torque will be arranged on any relative position of stator and rotor.
The trial method that overcomes the torque ripple of SR motor comprise the number of phases of commutation system be increased to 3 mutually or 3 mutually more than.As everyone knows, torque ripple reduces with the increase of the motor number of phases usually.Specifically, the torque pulsation of 3 phase motor is littler than the torque pulsation of 2 phase motor usually, and the torque pulsation of 4 phase motor is littler than the torque pulsation of 3 phase motor usually, all the other and the like.Why torque pulsation reduces with the increase of the number of phases is because the d θ/dL of certain phase is non-vanishing before the dL/d θ vanishing of the last phase of certain phase.Like this, when the number of phases brings up to 3 mutually or 3 can produce tight adjacency or overlapping dL/d θ when above mutually, thereby rotor has born the torque of being switched on and being produced mutually by another before the torque termination that a certain energising mutually produces.Continuous or the overlapping more continuous torque that has produced less torque pulsation of torque of this alternate torque of SR motor.But, 3 mutually or 3 above mutually SR motor have some problems like this: thereby the number of elements that has increased electronics commutation system has increased the cost of motor; Increased the link between electronics commutation system and the phase winding; Improved requirement to the resolution of the position transducer that is used to differentiate rotor-position in the electronics commutation system; Noise ratio two-phase SR motor is big.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new improved SR motor that can address the above problem and solve other problem.
General introduction of the present invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of switched reluctance motor is provided, it has the stator and the rotor that comprises first magnetic pole and second magnetic pole that comprise a plurality of magnetic pole of the stator, and wherein first magnetic pole has the pole-face of first size and second magnetic pole has the pole-face of second size.Rotor and stator are staggered relatively so each other to make rotor magnetic pole can rotate with respect to magnetic pole of the stator.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the pole-face of each magnetic pole of the stator traverses first angle, the pole-face of the first rotor magnetic pole traverses second angle, wherein second angle approximates the twice of first angle greatly, like this, on rotor circumference, the pole-face width of the first rotor magnetic pole approximates the twice of the pole-face width of second magnetic pole greatly.The angle that the pole-face of second rotor magnetic pole traverses is approximately identical with the angle that each magnetic pole of the stator traverses, and therefore the pole-face width of second rotor magnetic pole approximately equates with the pole-face width of magnetic pole of the stator.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of motor by the polyphase source power supply.This motor has first parts of being made by the magnetic permeability material that contain a plurality of magnetic poles and contains first magnetic pole of first geometry and second parts of being made by the magnetic permeability material of second magnetic pole of second geometry.This motor comprises being used for second parts are mounted to respect to described first parts and can rotate so that the device that the respective poles on first and second parts can relatively move.
According to another aspect of the present invention, between the magnetic pole pole-face of the magnetic pole pole-face of first parts and opposed second parts, formed a substantially invariable air gap.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of switched reluctance motor.This switched reluctance motor comprises that a two-phase power supply, one have yoke and a plurality of stator, rotor with even number of poles that evenly is placed on the magnetic pole around the yoke, rotor magnetic pole is placed on the rotor circumference unevenly, and rotor can rotate around the longitudinal axis with respect to stator.A kind of magnetic pole in the rotor magnetic pole has the pole-face of first size, and the another kind of magnetic pole in the described rotor magnetic pole has the pole-face of second size.
According to another aspect of the present invention, first magnetic pole of rotor and the angle between the adjacent pole on its first direction are first angle, and the angle between the adjacent pole on first magnetic pole and its second direction is second angle.
According to added limitations of the present invention aspect, rotor has 4 magnetic poles, first angle greater than 90 ° second angle less than 90 °.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of SR motor.This motor comprises that one has a plurality of stators along the equally distributed magnetic permeability magnetic pole of circumference, and each magnetic pole of the stator has the pole-face that traverses first angle.This motor also has a rotor, and the magnetic permeability magnetic pole of even number around longitudinal axis uneven distribution arranged on the rotor.Rotor magnetic pole comprises the magnetic pole with the narrow pole-face that traverses first angle and has the magnetic pole of the wide pole-face that traverses second angle that doubles first angle approximately.Rotor is placed so that rotor magnetic pole can move with respect to magnetic pole of the stator according to rotating around its longitudinal axis with respect to described stator.
According to added limitations of the present invention aspect, the SR motor comprises a plurality of windings relevant with magnetic pole of the stator that are connected on the polyphase source.Can make winding that at least one pair of magnetic pole of the stator is carried out the excitatory magnetic pole that makes it to become to the rotor magnetic pole transmitting torque with the polyphase source power supply.Be in operation, the energising of every phase winding can produce one and be passed to epitrochanterian torque, and the situation of this torque is such, and in the described phase I of energising mutually, torque basic role is on wide pole-face magnetic pole; In the described second stage of energising mutually, torque basic role is on narrow pole-face magnetic pole.
According to a further aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method that motor and polyphase source are controlled.Motor comprises first parts and second parts, and wherein, first parts have a plurality of in a usual manner along the equally distributed magnetic pole of circumference, and second parts have the magnetic pole that even number centers on longitudinal axis uneven distribution on circumference in a usual manner.Second parts comprise first magnetic pole with wide pole-face and second magnetic pole with narrow pole-face.First and second parts are placed like this and are made between their respective poles and to form an air gap.Thereby this method comprise to polyphase source first mutually the energising provide torque to wide pole-face magnetic pole.Along with the energising of first phase, no longer provide torque, but provide torque to narrow pole-face magnetic pole to wide pole-face magnetic pole.
According to the added limitations aspect of this method, when polyphase source first outage, second is when switching on mutually mutually, torque is added on the wide pole-face magnetic pole.Along with the energising of second phase, no longer provide torque, but provide torque to narrow pole-face magnetic pole to wide pole-face pole pair.
According to a further aspect of the invention, provide a kind of method of controlling generator.Generator comprises first parts with a plurality of equally distributed magnetic poles in a usual manner and has even number second parts of the magnetic pole of uneven distribution in a usual manner.Second parts comprise first magnetic pole of wide pole-face and second magnetic pole of narrow pole-face.The pole-face that first and second parts are each other staggered relatively like this to make the magnetic pole on the parts of winning can move with respect to the pole-face of the magnetic pole on second parts.This method comprises mechanically described first parts of driving and described second parts relatively.Along with the magnetic pole on described first parts roughly aligns with magnetic pole on described second parts, make the phase winding energising relevant with at least one magnetic pole that aligns.Phase winding is separated and it is connected on the energy storage device so that to the electric energy that relatively move produced of energy storage device transmission by first parts and second parts with driver mutually.
Advantage of the present invention is the rotor torque that has improved on all stator and rotor relative positions.
Another advantage of the present invention is the torque performance that has improved two-phase SR motor, makes two-phase SR motor still needing so far be suitable for the application scenario of the above SR motor of three-phase or three-phase.
Another advantage of the present invention is to have reduced torque pulsation.
It is that generator than prior art has improved the electric energy fan-out capability that the present invention also has an advantage.
Concerning those skilled in the art, as long as read and understood following DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED and should be able to obviously see the more advantage of the present invention.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view according to 8/4 switched reluctance motor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 show on the basis of Fig. 1, connected relevant controlling and operating circuit and rotor moved forward the cutaway view of the motor of 15 mechanical angles.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 have moved forward 30 ° and 45 ° the rotor and the part figure of stator respectively with respect to the motor rotor among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 (a) is the part figure of stator and rotor among Fig. 1 to 5 (f), it shows under the effect extremely right by the N utmost point that energising produced of A phase winding and B phase winding and S, the mechanical movement that rotor is done along the CCW direction with respect to stator for ease of explanation, has been saved A phase winding and B phase winding among the figure.
Fig. 6 (a) is the corresponding magnetic coil of relative position that reaches stator and rotor with Fig. 5 (a) to the energising of Fig. 5 (f) mutually to Fig. 6 (f).
Fig. 7 (a) show rotor do with respect to stator under the situation of mechanical movement of CCW direction the A among Fig. 1 mutually with the B ideal inductance curve of stator winding mutually.
Fig. 7 (b) show among corresponding Fig. 1 of inductance curve with Fig. 7 (a) A mutually with the ideal energising curve of B phase winding.
Fig. 8 be rotor do with respect to stator under the situation of mechanical movement of CCW direction the A among Fig. 1 mutually with the B inductance curve of rotor winding mutually.
Fig. 9 (a) is at A mutually and to apply the electric current of 1.5A, 2A, 2.5A and 3A and inductance curve on the B phase winding be the static torque curve that obtains under the condition of inductance curve shown in Figure 8.
Fig. 9 (b) show with the corresponding A of static torque curve of Fig. 9 (a) mutually with the energising curve of B phase stator winding.
Fig. 9 (c) is by the A shown in Fig. 9 (a) mutually and the B torque curve that obtains after synthesizing of torque curve mutually.
Figure 10 is the cutaway view according to 16/8 switched reluctance motor of the present invention.
Figure 11 (a) is the cutaway view that is connected to 4/2 switched reluctance motor of relevant control and operating circuit according to of the present invention.
Figure 11 (b) and 11 (c) are that figure cuts open in the office of the switched reluctance motor stator and rotor of Figure 11 (a), they show under the effect extremely right by the N utmost point that energising produced of A phase winding and B phase winding and S, and rotor-position is respectively than the moved forward situation of 45 ° and 90 ° of the rotor-position shown in Figure 11 (a).
Figure 12 is according to linear transmission of the present invention.
Figure 13 (a) to (e) is according to the rotor of stator apparatus of the present invention and the part figure of stator, it shows under the effect extremely right by the N utmost point that energising produced of A phase winding and B phase winding and S, the mechanical movement that rotor is done along the CW direction with respect to stator, for ease of explanation, A and B phase winding have been saved among the figure.
Figure 14 is switched reluctance motor one generator that is connected to relevant control and operating circuit according to of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
Fig. 1 shows the cutaway view according to two-phase 8/4 switched reluctance motor 10 of the present invention.A stator 12 is arranged on this motor, and this stator 12 has around central bore of being placed on 16 and defines the magnetic permeability parts 14 of a plurality of magnetic poles 18 (a) to 18 (h).In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, stator has even number of poles, although 8 magnetic poles have been shown among Fig. 1, stator can have different even number of poles.Rotor 20 is placed in the central bore so that rotate therein.This rotor has 4 magnetic poles 22 (a) to 22 (d), and but, rotor can have different even number of poles.Phase winding 24,26 extends to magnetic field in the central bore so that produce from magnetic pole of the stator on the magnetic pole of the stator mutually around A phase magnetic pole of the stator and B respectively.Phase winding 24 alternately is placed on the magnetic pole of the stator with 26 and is adopted such winding: make the magnetic pole of opposed polarity relative one by one.In described embodiment, A phase magnetic pole 18 (a) and 18 (c) are the N utmost points, and A phase magnetic pole 18 (e) and 18 (g) are the S utmost points.Similarly, B phase magnetic pole 18 (f) and 18 (h) are the N utmost points, and B phase magnetic pole 18 (b) and 18 (d) are the S utmost points.Obviously pole polarity just for convenience of explanation rather than limitation of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 1, A phase winding and B phase winding are connected in series to respectively on switched current source 30 and 32 so that electric current only flows through phase winding with same direction.But should be appreciated that phase winding can be connected on their switched current sources separately by parallel connection or connection in series-parallel.Position transducer 36 such as Hall element, analyzer or encoder is connected between rotor and the stator, and it is used to measure the position of rotor with respect to stator.On the other hand, the self-induction of phase winding is used to measure the position of stator with respect to rotor.An output that is connected to controller 38 is arranged on the position transducer, and it is used for the angle position signal of output rotor with respect to stator.Controller 38 be connected to A mutually with B mutually on the driver, it is according to the triggering of rotor with respect to each phase of Position Control of stator.The optional speed control unit 39 that is connected on the controller 38 provides assurance for the velocity of rotation of regulating rotor.In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, motor 10 be folk prescription to motor, its rotor is done (CCW) rotation counterclockwise with respect to stator.But should be appreciated that this motor can be designed to by (CW) rotation clockwise, rotation direction can not be looked at as limitation of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 3, rotor magnetic pole is distributed on the rotor circumference unevenly.The longitudinal axis 40 with rotor is a reference axis, between rotor magnetic pole 22 (a) and 22 (b) and the angle between 22 (c) and 22 (d) be first angle 41, angle between rotor magnetic pole 22 (b) and 22 (c) and 22 (a) and 22 (d) is that second angle, 42, the second angles are greater than first angle.In addition, as shown in Figure 4, the pole-face of wide rotor magnetic pole is across third angle degree 43, and the pole-face of narrow rotor magnetic pole is across the 4th less angle 44, and the third angle degree is greater than the 4th angle.In a preferred embodiment, on the circumference of rotor, the pole-face width of wide rotor magnetic pole is the twice of narrow rotor magnetic pole pole-face width.On the stator inner periphery, the pole-face width of magnetic pole of the stator approximates the pole-face width of narrow rotor magnetic pole greatly, and the spacing between the adjacent stators magnetic pole approximates the width of magnetic pole of the stator greatly.
Fig. 5 (a) to 5 (f) show by the effect lower rotor part of the N utmost point that energising produced of relevant phase winding and the S utmost point with respect to stator along moving that the CCW direction is done.Fig. 5 (a) to 5 (f) omitted the phase winding shown in Fig. 1 and 2, A phase driver and B mutually driver, controller/power supply, speed control unit and position transducer so that simplify rotor and stator figure.For ease of the energising of understanding the phase winding that is omitted in 5 (f) at Fig. 5 (a) constantly, use symbol ' N ' and ' S ' to represent among the figure respectively and switch on mutually relevant the N utmost point and the S utmost point.The running that the zero degree CCW rotor-position from Fig. 5 (a) begins, do not have at the A phase winding under the situation of energising, controller 38 makes B phase current source 32 give the B phase winding excitatory.This exciting curent has produced the CCW torque on rotor, thereby it makes rotor rotation make the axis of wide rotor magnetic pole to the magnetic pole of the stator 18 (d) of excitatory phase B and the axis convergence of 18 (h), promptly, rotor magnetic pole moves the minimum reluctance position between the magnetic pole of the stator with B mutually towards it, and the minimum reluctance position is corresponding with the maximum induction position of the energising phase winding that produces described convergence.When rotor is positioned on 22.5 shown in Fig. 5 (b) degree CCW rotor-position, owing to formed constant air gap between the magnetic pole of the stator of B mutually in wide rotor magnetic pole and adjacent energising, so the magnetic resistance minimum between them.Yet, because narrow rotor magnetic pole 22 (b) and 22 (d) move towards the minimum reluctance position between they and magnetic pole of the stator 18 (b) and 18 (f), so the inductance of B phase winding has increased.Therefore, although wide rotor magnetic pole and B switch on mutually the torque that interaction produced between the winding very little or equal zero, rotor still can bear switch on the mutually torque that interaction produced of winding by narrow rotor magnetic pole and B.Like this, the rotor torque of bearing just leniently rotor magnetic pole move on the narrow rotor magnetic pole.When rotor is positioned on the degree of 30 shown in Fig. 5 (c) the CCW rotor-position, along with switch on the mutually increase of winding inductance of B, rotor bears the B CCW torque that winding produced of switching on mutually, wherein B switch on mutually the increase of winding inductance be by narrow rotor magnetic pole towards they with B mutually the minimum reluctance position between magnetic pole of the stator 18 (b) and 18 (f) move cause.Be appreciated that, spend between the 45 degree rotor-positions 22.5, air gap and magnetic resistance between wide rotor magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator 18 (d) and 18 (h) are substantially invariable, so the torque that interaction produced that B switches between winding and wide rotor magnetic pole mutually equals zero.When rotor is positioned on 45 shown in Fig. 5 (d) degree CCW rotor-position, wide rotor magnetic pole and narrow rotor magnetic pole all be positioned at they separately with energising mutually on the minimum reluctance position of the magnetic pole of the stator 18 (d)-18 (h) of B and 18 (b)-18 (f).Therefore, the energising of B phase winding can not produce rotor torque on this position.But, the energising of A phase winding makes magnetic flux pass wide rotor magnetic pole from A phase magnetic pole 18 (a) and 18 (e) on 45 degree CCW rotor-positions.Along with magnetic flux therefrom passes, rotor bears the CCW torque, and the axis that this torque makes wide rotor magnetic pole is to switch on the mutually axis convergence of magnetic pole of the stator of winding of A.Yet, when rotor turns over 45 degree CCW rotor-positions, make switch on the mutually inductance of winding of B reduce because the magnetic pole of the stator of B phase winding and magnetic resistance between the rotor magnetic pole increase.For avoiding making rotor to bear CW (bearing) torque that the decrement inductance of winding produced of switching on mutually, can make the outage of B phase winding by B.Like this, the rotor torque of bearing is transferred to the A phase winding from the B phase winding.When rotor was positioned on the degree of 67.5 shown in Fig. 5 (e) the CCW rotor-position, magnetic pole of the stator 18 (a) and 18 (e) of A were on the minimum reluctance position wide rotor magnetic pole with switching on mutually, so the interaction between them can not produce rotor torque.But, because narrow rotor magnetic pole begins have magnetic flux to get in touch with switch on the mutually magnetic pole of the stator 18 (c) of winding and 18 (g) of A, so switch on the mutually inductance of winding of A increases to some extent.Like this, the rotor torque that produces of energising phase winding just leniently rotor magnetic pole transfer on the narrow rotor magnetic pole.When rotor is positioned on 90 shown in Fig. 5 (f) degree CCW rotor-position, wide rotor magnetic pole and narrow rotor magnetic pole all be in they separately with the minimum reluctance position of magnetic pole of the stator 18 (a)-18 (e) and 18 (c)-18 (g) on.So the interaction between wide rotor magnetic pole and the A phase winding can not produce rotor torque.But, the energising of B phase winding makes magnetic flux pass wide rotor magnetic pole from B phase magnetic pole 18 (b) and 18 (f).Along with the energising of B phase winding, rotor bears the CCW torque, and this torque makes wide rotor magnetic pole to the B winding convergence of switching on mutually.For avoiding making rotor to bear CW (bearing) torque that the decrement inductance of winding produced of switching on mutually, make the outage of A phase winding by A.
Fig. 6 (a) shows and the rotor-position of Fig. 5 (a) to 5 (f) and the corresponding flux curve of switching on to Fig. 6 (f).Between the degree of the zero degree to 22.5 shown in Fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b) CCW rotor-position, the magnetic flux that passes wide rotor magnetic pole is bigger than the magnetic flux that passes narrow rotor magnetic pole.Spend between the 30 degree CCW rotor-positions at 22.5 shown in Fig. 6 (b) and 6 (c), along with narrow rotor magnetic pole moves towards the minimum reluctance position between it and magnetic pole of the stator 18 (b) and 18 (f), the magnetic flux that passes narrow rotor magnetic pole increases to some extent.On the degree of 45 shown in Fig. 6 (d) rotor-position, the B phase winding cuts off the power supply and the energising of A phase winding, therefore, passes the magnetic flux of rotor and transfers on the A phase winding from the B phase winding.With reference to Fig. 6 (d) and 6 (e), on the rotor-position between 45 degree and 67.5 degree, the magnetic flux that energising produced by the A phase winding passes wide rotor magnetic pole at first, along with narrow rotor magnetic pole moves towards the minimum reluctance position between it and magnetic pole of the stator 18 (c) and 18 (g), the magnetic flux that passes narrow rotor magnetic pole increases to some extent.With reference to Fig. 6 (f), on 90 degree rotor-positions, make the outage of A phase winding and make the energising of B phase winding.
In the above description, make rotor move forward 90 degree by energising and the outage of selecting A phase winding and B phase winding according to the relative position of stator and rotor.Yet should be appreciated that above explanation can extend to the scopes that mechanical angle that rotor moves surpasses 90 degree.In addition, the increase of phase winding inductance or reduce on the associated magnetic flux path with described phase winding magnetic resistance reduce with increase corresponding.
The inductance of A phase winding of the present invention and B phase winding is that the variation with the angle position changes, and its rate of change (dL/d θ) is: increase rate of change and equal first rate of change, reduce rate of change and equal second rate of change.With reference to Fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b) and continue with reference to Fig. 5 (a) to 5 (f), the inductance that shows B phase winding 50 and A phase winding 52 is organized the schematic ideal inductance curve that the typical electrical current of winding changes with CCW position and the relevant A phase winding and B of rotor.Be to be understood that Fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b) can not regard limitation of the present invention as for convenience of explanation.When rotor is positioned on the zero degree rotor-position, the energising of B phase winding, A phase winding no power.Therefore, rotor bears the CCW torque, and this torque impels rotor to move towards the minimum reluctance between rotor and the stator, maximum induction position.When B phase winding inductance increased, the inductance of A phase winding reduced to some extent.Shown in Fig. 7 (a), each phase inductance of this new field structure to reduce speed more faster than pushing the speed.This is convenient to make the incremental inductance of A phase winding and B phase winding overlapping.Specifically, on 37 degree rotor-positions, the inductance of A phase winding increases and the A phase winding begins energising from reducing to become.Between 37 degree and 45 degree rotor-positions, two phase windings are all switched on and the inductance of two phase windings all increases.Therefore, rotor bears by A phase winding and the common torque that produces of B phase winding.In the time of on turning to 45 degree rotor-positions, the energising of A phase winding, the inductance of B phase winding becomes from increase and reduces and the outage of B phase winding.Like this, the torque that rotor bears the positive CCW that is produced because of energising by the A phase winding under the situation that its inductance increases when avoiding the B phase winding to produce negative CWL torque because of energising under the situation that its inductance reduces.In the time of on turning to 82 degree rotor-positions, the inductance of B phase winding is from reducing to become increase, so make the energising of B phase winding.Spend to the rotor-position between 90 degree 82, along with the energising of A phase and B winding, the incremental inductance of A phase winding and B phase winding produces rotor torque.In the time of on turning to 90 degree rotor-positions, the inductance of A phase winding becomes from increase and reduces, so make the outage of A phase winding so that the torque of having only the incremental inductance of B phase winding to be produced just is sent on the rotor under the situation of B phase winding energising.In the time of on turning to 127 degree rotor-positions, the inductance of A phase winding is from reducing to become increase, so make the A phase winding.Therefore, on the rotor-position between 127 degree and 135 degree, A phase winding and B phase winding are to the rotor transmitting torque.In the time of on turning to 135 degree rotor-positions, the inductance of B phase winding becomes from increase and reduces, so make B phase winding outage so that be sent to the torque that epitrochanterian torque is just produced under the situation of A phase winding energising by the incremental inductance of A phase winding.
The inductance that should realize A phase winding of the present invention and B phase winding from above content is that the variation with rotor-position changes, and wherein, the Magnification and the reduction rate of phase winding inductance are different.Specifically, the incremental inductance of every phase spreads all over bigger angle position than decrement inductance.With reference to the non-limitative example shown in Fig. 7 (a), on the rotor-position between 45 degree and 82 degree, that is, the B phase inductance reduces in the scope that spreads all over 37 degree, and on the rotor-position between 82 degree and 135 degree, promptly the B phase inductance increases in the scope that spreads all over 53 degree.Similarly, on the rotor-position between 37 degree and 90 degree, promptly the A phase inductance increases in the scope that spreads all over 53 degree, and on the rotor-position between 90 degree and 127 degree, promptly the A phase inductance reduces in the scope that spreads all over 37 degree.Shown in Fig. 7 (a) and as mentioned above, A mutually and the different increase of B phase winding inductance and reduce slope and be convenient to make them overlapping.Overlapping and the A of incremental inductance and the energising of the selectivity of B phase winding provide assurance for produce rotor torque on the relative position of any stator and rotor.
Also continue the inductance curve of Fig. 5 (a) to 5 (f) illustrated embodiment to be shown among Fig. 8 with reference to Fig. 8 with reference to Fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b).Compare with the ideal inductance curve shown in 7 (b) with Fig. 7 (a), inductance curve shows shown in Figure 8 A mutually and the increase of B phase winding inductance be along with the rotor magnetic pole shift-in and shift out with the coaxial line of magnetic pole of the stator generation gradually with conversion between reducing.Owing to act on epitrochanterian forward CCW torque is the function of incremental inductance of the phase winding of energising, the energising of phase winding is matched with rotor-position be in enlarging state with assurance inductance of phase winding when phase winding is switched on.Like this, with reference to non-limitative example shown in Figure 8, make the energising of B phase winding and make the outage of A phase winding at the zero degree rotor-position.When rotor is between 40 degree and 44 degree, makes the energising of A phase winding in such a way and make the outage of B phase winding, when the B phase winding is transformed into the A phase winding, make rotor bear minimum torque pulsation when being sent to epitrochanterian torque.Similarly, when rotor is between 85 degree and 89 degree, makes the outage of A phase winding in such a way and make the energising of B phase winding make rotor bear minimum torque pulsation.Yet each phase inductance can stop its instantaneous energising and momentary power failure.Therefore, the energising of each phase winding and outage be actually regularly take place so that make rotor bear best torque.Like this, lift a non-limitative example, the B phase winding is de-energized when rotor is positioned on about 40 positions of spending, thereby before rotor applies negative CCW torque the B energy stored is consumed to bear the decrement inductance at the B phase winding.Equally, thus on about 40 degree rotor rotation positions, on rotor, produce positive CCW torque for the energising of A phase winding.Because the incremental inductance of A phase winding and B phase winding is favourable overlapping, the torque that therefore can select conduction time of each winding that rotor is born reaches the best.In the ideal case, the rotor torque of bearing on any position all is constant.Yet along with the conversion of the winding that produces rotor torque, the torque that rotor bears is actual some landing.
It is believed that the width of rotor magnetic pole can influence the inductance curve of Fig. 8.With reference to Fig. 4, the pole-face 22 (b) of narrow magnetic pole and the width of 22 (d) approximately equate with the width of magnetic pole of the stator pole-face, and the width of wide rotor magnetic pole pole-face 22 (a) and 22 (c) approximately equates with the overall width of magnetic pole of the stator pole-face and adjacent spaces, and for example the overall width with magnetic pole of the stator 22 (a) and interval 52 equates.This layout has advantageously guaranteed incremental inductance overlapping of above-mentioned phase winding.Yet, it is believed that the lap of A and B phase inductance curve can be regulated by the width of change rotor magnetic pole.For example, the width that reduces wide rotor magnetic pole and narrow rotor magnetic pole can produce such inductance curve: the lap that does not almost have or do not exist incremental inductance between wide rotor magnetic pole and narrow rotor magnetic pole when epitrochanterian torque is changed.Equally, increase the lap that wide rotor magnetic pole and the width of narrow rotor magnetic pole can increase A and B phase winding incremental inductance.Yet the width that it is believed that undue increase or reduce rotor magnetic pole can cause bad torque landing.In addition, increase one width in wide rotor magnetic pole or the narrow rotor magnetic pole and the width that reduces another can cause the variation of incremental inductance lap.Equally, the width that changes magnetic pole of the stator also can influence the lap of A and B phase inductance curve.
Fig. 9 (a) shows Fig. 5 (a) to the torque curve of the embodiment shown in 5 (f) under different phase winding electrical currents (1.5A, 2A, 2.5A and 3A) situation and the relevant curve of switching on mutually with 9 (b).These torque curves have illustrated the favourable overlapping of the rotor torque that produced by the energising of each phase winding and them.Be to be understood that torque that rotor bears is the summation of the torque that energising produced of the energising of A phase winding and B phase winding.Therefore, shown in Fig. 9 (c), when A mutually and the torque of bearing of B when all switching on mutually (for example on 40 rotor-positions of spending between spending to 45) rotor be the total torque that energising produced of A phase winding and B phase winding.The torque curve explanation of Fig. 9 (a) can produce bigger torque pulsation with the narrow rotor magnetic pole that the energising phase winding has magnetic flux to get in touch under the situation of bigger electrical current mutually (as 2.5A and 3A).And the less torque pulsation of generation under the situation of less phase electrical current (as 2.0A and 1.5A).Specifically, spend to the rotor-position between 22.5 degree 15 with reference to the torque curve under the 3A situation among Fig. 9 (a), wide rotor magnetic pole enter with magnetic pole of the stator between switch on the mutually incremental inductance of winding of the B that brought of minimum reluctance position produce rotor torque.Yet on about 19 degree rotor-positions, wide rotor magnetic pole and narrow rotor magnetic pole and the B winding interaction of switching on has mutually produced the torque landing.It is believed that this torque landing is that edge magnetic saturation by the narrow magnetic pole that begins to enter the energising flux areas that phase winding produced is produced.Along with the reach of narrow rotor magnetic pole, the distributed areas of the magnetic line of force increase thereby have avoided the local magnetic saturation of narrow rotor magnetic pole to some extent.Along with rotor moves to 22.5 degree rotor-positions, the torque that the increase of magnetic line of force distributed areas will make rotor bear on the narrow rotor magnetic pole increases.Switch on the mutually incremental inductance of winding and spend switch on the mutually rotor torque situation that incremental inductance produced of winding of B on the rotor-positions 109 by A on 64 degree and 154 degree rotor-positions can be described equally.Should be noted that in Fig. 9 (a) torque landing reduces and reduces with the phase electrical current.
The energising of A phase winding and B phase winding is constantly corresponding with the relative position of stator and rotor.In Fig. 9 (b), be carved with overlapping during the energising of A phase winding and B phase winding in case utilize the A that changes with rotor-position mutually with the incremental inductance of B phase winding.Like this, when rotor rotation, rotor just bears minimum torque ripple.Yet, should be appreciated that the torque curve of Fig. 9 (a) and Fig. 9 (b) and energising curve just should not be regarded as limitation of the present invention for explanation.Specifically, the overlay region is changeable constantly in the energising of A phase winding and B phase winding, perhaps do not having under the situation of condition restriction, disconnecting the excitation that the situation of the motor operating characteristic of the velocity of rotation of ability, motor of phase winding and/or requirement can make A go up winding and B phase winding rapidly according to winding inductance, commutation electronic circuit does not have the overlay region.
Above embodiment describes according to two-phase 8/4 SR motor, yet above-mentioned for a person skilled in the art 8/4 embodiment obviously can expand among the embodiment of the two-phase SR motor with different rotor and stator magnet number of poles.Such embodiment comprises the 16/8SR motor among Figure 10, and wherein this motor comprises on magnetic pole of the stator alternately and is connected to A phase driver and B A phase winding and B phase winding, controller/power supply and the additional position transducer on the driver mutually.A among Figure 10 and the B polarity of magnetic pole mutually can not be regarded as limitation of the present invention or the energising of expression phase winding.
Figure 11 (a) shows according to 4/2SR motor embodiment of the present invention to 11 (c).This motor stator 60 is made up of to 62 (d) a plurality of magnetic poles 62 (a) that define central bore 64 that extend internally.Rotor 66 is made up of two magnetic pole 68 (a) and 68 (b) that outwards stretch, and it is placed in the central bore so that rotate therein. Phase winding 70 and 72 is gone up with 62 (c) so that generation extends to magnetic field in the central bore from magnetic pole of the stator around subtend magnetic pole of the stator 62 (b) and 62 (d) and subtend magnetic pole of the stator 62 (a) respectively. Phase winding 70 and 72 is connected to respectively on A phase driver 30 and the B phase driver 32 so that electric current flows through phase winding with same direction.Position transducer 36 is connected between rotor and the stator, and it is used to measure the relative position of stator and rotor.Position transducer has an output that is connected to controller 38, and it is used for the angle position signal of output stator with respect to rotor.Controller 38 be connected to A mutually with B mutually on the driver, it controls the triggering of each phase according to the relative position of stator and rotor.In Figure 11 (b) and 11 (c), omitted phase winding, phase driver, controller/power supply, position transducer and the addition speed control device among Figure 11 (a) so that simplify rotor and stator figure.For ease of understanding the energising moment of the phase winding that in Figure 11 (b)-(c), is omitted, use symbol " N " and " S " to represent among the figure respectively and the relevant magnetic pole of the stator N utmost point and the S utmost point of energising phase winding.
Begin to carry out from the zero degree CCW rotor-position of Figure 11 (a), under the cold situation of A phase winding, controller 38 makes B phase phase driver 32 give the B phase winding 72 energisings.The energising of B phase winding produces unrestrictedly the magnetic flux by magnetic circuit 74, magnetic circuit 74 pass energising phase B the N utmost point 62 (C), wide rotor magnetic pole 68 (a), outage phase A magnetic pole of the stator 62 (b) and be distributed in magnetic pole of the stator 62 (b) and 62 (c) between protector or yoke 76.Passing through under the flux interaction of magnetic circuit 76, rotor bears the CCW torque, and this torque makes the axis convergence of the axis of wide rotor magnetic pole to the N utmost point 62 (c) of energising phase B.When rotor moves forward to 45 shown in Figure 11 (b) degree CCW position, make magnetic flux unrestrictedly by magnetic circuit 78, magnetic circuit 78 pass the B phase the N utmost point 62 (c), rotor magnetic pole 68 (a) and 68 (b), B phase the S utmost point 62 (a) and be distributed in B phase magnetic pole 62 (a) and 62 (c) between protector or yoke 76.When rotor was positioned on the 45 degree CCW rotor-positions, because the air gap 80 between the N utmost point 62 (c) of wide rotor magnetic pole and energising phase B is relative constant, so the magnetic resistance between them reached minimum.Yet because narrow rotor magnetic pole 68 (b) has moved on to it and the B minimum reluctance position between the S utmost point 62 (a) mutually, so the inductance of B phase winding has increased.So, B switch on mutually that the torque that interaction produced of winding and wide rotor magnetic pole does not almost have or null situation under, rotor bears switch on the mutually CCW torque that interaction produced of winding and narrow rotor magnetic pole by B.Like this, the rotor torque of bearing just leniently rotor magnetic pole moved on on the narrow rotor magnetic pole.When rotor was positioned on 90 shown in Figure 11 (c) degree CCW rotor-position, switch on the mutually magnetic pole 62 (c) and the magnetic resistance between 62 (a) of winding of wide rotor magnetic pole and narrow rotor magnetic pole and B reached minimum.Therefore, the energising at this position B phase winding does not produce torque.Yet, can produce the magnetic flux that unrestrictedly passes through magnetic circuit 82 for the A phase winding energising relevant with 62 (d) with magnetic pole 62 (b), magnetic circuit 82 pass A switch on mutually winding the S utmost point 62 (d), wide rotor magnetic pole 68 (a), B phase magnetic pole of the stator 62 (c) and be distributed in magnetic pole of the stator 62 (c) and 62 (d) between protector or yoke 76.Passing through under the flux interaction of magnetic circuit 82, rotor bears the CCW torque, and this torque makes the axis convergence of the axis of wide rotor magnetic pole to the S utmost point 62 (d) of energising phase A.For avoiding making rotor to bear CW (bearing) torque that the decrement inductance of winding produced of switching on mutually, give the outage of B phase winding by B.Like this, the rotor torque of bearing is just from just forwarding the A phase winding to from the B phase winding.
In above-mentioned 4/2SR motor, energising by selecting A phase winding and B phase winding according to the relative position of stator and rotor and outage make rotor 90 degree that advanced.Yet should be appreciated that above explanation can expand to the scope that rotor is moved beyond 90 ° of degree.Further, it is to be appreciated that, since the rotor of Figure 11 (a) to 11 (c) be non-uniformly distributed in desirable center of rotation 40 around, therefore needing increases the weight of narrow rotor magnetic pole or reduces the weight of wide rotor magnetic pole so that make the actual rotation center consistent with desirable center of rotation.
Figure 12 shows according to of the present invention one unidirectional linear transmission 84.Should be understood that linear transmission shown in Figure 12 comprise on static magnetic pole 86,88 and be connected to A mutually with B A phase winding and the B phase winding on driver and the controller/power supply mutually.But, omitted among Figure 12 with identical phase winding embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, phase driver and controller/power supply so that simplify linear transmission figure.This transmission device comprises the straight-line bar type iron core 90 that is used for that is placed between the static magnetic pole 86,88.The phase winding that is omitted is positioned at bar type iron core opposite side so that make the magnetic pole 86 that is positioned at bar type iron core one side be " N " utmost point on static magnetic pole magnetic pole 88 is " S " utmost point.Alternately on adjacent static magnetic pole, adjacent static magnetic pole separates the distance of a magnet pole widths for A phase and B phase winding.The bar type iron core comprises the wide pole pair 92 and the narrow pole pair 94 of the longitudinal axis both sides that are placed on it.The width of narrow magnetic pole is identical with the width of static magnetic pole, and the width of wide magnetic pole is the twice of static magnet pole widths.Make the bar type iron core begin to advance 96 left by the energising of selecting A phase and B phase winding from position shown in Figure 12.Concrete condition is such to the embodiment shown in 5 (f) as Fig. 5 (a), the energising of A phase winding and B phase winding and outage be collaborative carry out so that the bar type iron core is moved to the left to reduce the switch on relevant magnetic pole of phase winding and the reluctance magnetic path between the bar type core magnetic pole.When the bar type iron core arrived left position, the lasting energising by the A phase winding made it be fixed on that position.The compressible spring 98 that is placed between narrow magnetic pole 94 and the left end retainer 100 can guarantee bar type iron core reversion to the right when phase winding cuts off the power supply, and wherein left end retainer 100 is the chassis end that connects each other or supported ends of keeping between bar type iron core and the static magnetic pole.
On the other hand, form the side that the extremely right static magnetic pole of N-S can be placed on transmission device thereby alternately be wound with A phase winding and B phase winding, so the transmission device magnetic pole can correspondingly be placed on the transmission device side.Transmission device makes transmission device magnetic pole and static magnetic pole to move mutually with respect to the such placement of static magnetic pole.In addition, put, be to be understood that this spring can also be placed between wide magnetic pole and the right-hand member retainer 102 to play stretching action although the spring in the above example is pushed convergent-divergent.The spring that elongates can guarantee bar type iron core reversion to the right when phase winding cuts off the power supply.
Figure 13 (a) shows an alternative embodiment of the invention to 13 (e), wherein, stationary parts 110, promptly stator comprises new field structure, moving-member 112, promptly rotor has uniform magnetic pole.Be to be understood that, as Fig. 5 (a) arrives the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 (f), Figure 13 (a) is in 13 (e), and but phase winding, phase driver, controller/power supply, position transducer are relevant with the addition speed controller omitted these parts so that figure is simplified among the figure.The energising of the phase winding that is omitted for ease of understanding constantly, the N utmost point mutually relevant with energising or the S utmost point are used symbol " N " or " S " expression respectively.Figure 13 (a) is arranged to the field structure shown in 13 (e): rotor 112 rotates along the CW direction when phase winding is switched on selectively.Be positioned at the zero degree position of Figure 13 (a) from rotor, the energising of B phase winding and the outage of A phase winding.This be activated on the rotor produces axis that the CW torque makes rotor magnetic pole 114 (a) and 114 (c) to the magnetic pole of the stator 116 (d) of excitatory B mutually and the axis convergence of 116 (h), promptly rotor magnetic pole towards it move with the minimum reluctance position between the magnetic pole of the phase B that switches on-maximum induction of the energising phase winding of minimum reluctance position and the described convergence of generation is corresponding.In Figure 13 (b), rotor is positioned on the 22.5 degree CW positions, and rotor magnetic pole 114 (a) has been in the less position of mutual magneto resistive ratio with 114 (c) and B wide magnetic pole of the stator 116 (d) and 116 (h) mutually.Yet along with the axis convergence of rotor magnetic pole continuation to the magnetic pole of the stator of energising phase B, magnetic pole of the stator and the reluctance path between the rotor magnetic pole of energising phase B continue to reduce.Specifically, rotor bear by rotor magnetic pole 114 (b) and 114 (d) and B mutually narrow magnetic pole of the stator 116 (b) and the torque that interaction produced of 116 (f).In addition, when rotor magnetic pole 114 (a) and 114 (c) be not be positioned at they with mutually wide magnetic pole of the stator 116 of B (d) and 116 (h) between magnetic resistance during for minimum position, rotor also bears the torque that interaction produced between them.Like this, under the situation of B phase winding energising, the torque that rotor bears just moves on on the mutually narrow magnetic pole of the stator of B from the mutually wide magnetic pole of the stator of B.In Figure 13 (c), rotor is positioned on the 45 degree CW rotor-positions, rotor magnetic pole they with B mutually the magnetic resistance between the magnetic pole of the stator be on the position of minimum, so the energising of B phase winding can not produce torque on rotor.But, the energising of A phase winding can make magnetic flux from the wide magnetic pole of the stator 116 (a) of A phase and 116 (e) through on rotor magnetic pole 114 (b) and 114 (d).Under the flux interaction that penetrates, rotor bears the CW torque, and this torque makes the axis convergence of the axis of rotor magnetic pole 114 (b) and 114 (d) to wide magnetic pole of the stator 116 (a) and 116 (e).Should be appreciated that the magnetic pole of the stator of B phase winding and the magnetic resistance between the rotor magnetic pole increase to some extent along with rotor turns over 45 degree CW rotor-positions.For avoiding that rotor is born by the energising of B phase winding and the CCW torque that acting in conjunction produced of its increment magnetic resistance, can make the outage of B phase winding.Like this, the rotor torque of bearing just forwards the A phase winding to from the B phase winding.In Figure 13 (d), rotor is positioned on the 67.5 degree CW rotor-positions, and rotor magnetic pole 114 (b) has been in the less position of mutual magneto resistive ratio with 114 (d) and A wide magnetic pole of the stator 116 (a) mutually with 116 (e).Yet along with the axis convergence of rotor magnetic pole to the magnetic pole of the stator of energising phase A, magnetic pole of the stator and the reluctance path between the rotor magnetic pole of energising phase A continue to reduce.Specifically, rotor bears by the torque that interaction produced of rotor magnetic pole 114 (a) with the mutually narrow magnetic pole of the stator 116 of 114 (c) and A (c) and 116 (g).In addition, when rotor magnetic pole 114 (b) and 114 (d) be not be positioned at they with mutually wide magnetic pole of the stator 116 of A (a) and 116 (e) between magnetic resistance during for minimum position, rotor also bears by the torque that interaction produced between them.Like this, under the situation of A phase winding energising, the torque that rotor bears has just forwarded on the mutually narrow magnetic pole of the stator of A from the mutually wide magnetic pole of the stator of A.In Figure 13 (e), rotor is positioned on the 90 degree CW rotor-positions, and the magnetic resistance of A phase magnetic pole of the stator between they and rotor magnetic pole be on the minimum position, so the interaction of wide rotor magnetic pole and A phase winding can not produce torque on rotor.Yet should be appreciated that in this position rotor magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator are in the similar position of zero degree CW rotor-position with Figure 13 (a).Therefore, can be applicable to after this to Figure 13 (a) to the explanation shown in 13 (d) more than, rotor moves forward to the scope that surpasses 90 degree CW rotor-positions.
In some application scenario, make motor as generator work as also requiring on the airborne vehicle.Specifically, motor is used for cranking internal combustion engine at the beginning, yet, in case after internal combustion engine operation gets up, internal combustion engine just drive rotor in case motor as generator operation.The present invention is suitable for such application scenario.Figure 14 shows the cutaway view that has connected the motor generator (M-G) 10 of relevant controlling and operating circuit according to of the present invention.This M-G comprises A winding and the B winding that is in series that is in series, and they are connected respectively on switch 45 and 46.A phase switch can select A phase winding and A mutually driver 30 connect or be connected with energy storage device 47.Equally, B phase switch also can select B phase winding and B mutually driver 32 connect or be connected with energy storage device 47.Controller 38 is connected to their work of control of getting on of phase switch and driver mutually.The mode that energy storage device is known with everybody stores the electric energy that M-G produces under the generator working method.When moving as motor, controller 38 make A phase switch 45 and B mutually switch 46 their phase drivers separately are connected on the phase winding.Motor is worked to the described mode of embodiment of Fig. 5 (f) according to Fig. 5 (a) then, and rotor 20 is rotated along the CCW direction.When as generator operation, controller 38 according to the relative position of stator and rotor make A phase switch and B phase switch they separately the phase driver and energy storage device between switch in turn.Lift a non-sex-limited object lesson, when as generator operation, rotor 20 is driven by the external power supply of internal combustion engine and so on.As shown in figure 14, when rotor magnetic pole when the magnetic resistance between it and the A phase winding magnetic pole is minimum position, induce a magnetic field thereby controller 38 makes A phase driver import first electric current for the A phase winding.Then, controller makes A phase switch that the A phase winding is connected on the energy storage device.Make rotor, magnetic pole of the stator leave the magnetic field acting in conjunction that the external power supply of minimum impedance position and A phase winding produce and in the A phase winding, induce second electric current of keeping magnetic field.Second electric current gives energy storage device 47 chargings, and energy storage device 47 offers electric energy again such as by the electronic equipment even load 48 on lamp, the airborne vehicle.Along with the axis convergence of rotor magnetic pole to B phase magnetic pole of the stator, controller according to rotor-position coordinate B phase driver and B mutually the work of switch so that the B phase winding charges to apparatus for storing electrical energy with the same manner of above-mentioned A phase winding.
It is believed that the rotor that drives Figure 14 with the CW direction opposite with the CCW direction can make become bigger than under above-mentioned generator embodiment or the prior art situation of relative position angle between the stator and rotor that the magnetic resistance between the stator and rotor magnetic pole changes.It is believed that magnetic resistance on wide-angle position more, change help to provide amplitude evenly, longer duration and almost do not have the current waveform of zero current time.
Above embodiment is illustrated according to two-phase SR motor and generator, yet invention for a person skilled in the art, described here obviously can be applicable to the above mutually SR motor/generator of 3 phases or 3, has the motor and the linear motor of different magnetic pole of the stator and rotor magnetic pole number.At last, in the above-described embodiments, stationary parts is called as stator, and rotation or moving-member are called as rotor.Yet should be appreciated that this custom selects to be looked at as limitation of the present invention, in actual applications, rotor of the foregoing description or moving-member may be static and stator in the foregoing description may be to rotate or moving-member.
Although the present invention is illustrated with reference to preferred embodiment, when reading and having understood above-mentioned explanation and obviously can make various modifications and changes later on.Therefore, the present invention includes all in the claim of back or modification and the change in its equivalent scope.
Claims (19)
1, a kind of switched reluctance machines, it comprises:
First parts with a plurality of same pole;
Comprise second parts of first magnetic pole and second magnetic pole, wherein first magnetic pole has the pole-face of first size, and second magnetic pole has the pole-face of second size; With
Thereby be used to make described first parts and described second parts described first magnetic pole and second magnetic pole of making staggered relatively with respect to the transportable device of described a plurality of same pole, along with the magnetic resistance between the magnetic pole of second magnetic pole in it and the described same pole moves for minimum position, the magnetic resistance between another magnetic pole in described first magnetic pole and the described same pole reaches minimum.
2, switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, wherein the pole-face width of first magnetic pole is approximately the twice of the width of a magnetic pole in a plurality of same pole, and the pole-face width of second magnetic pole approximately equates with the width of a magnetic pole in a plurality of same pole.
3, switched reluctance machines according to claim 2 has between the wherein adjacent same pole at interval.
4, switched reluctance machines according to claim 3, the interval between the wherein adjacent same pole approximate the width of a magnetic pole in the described same pole greatly.
5, switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic pole of first and second parts radially extends, the pole-face of each same pole traverses first angle, and the pole-face of first magnetic pole traverses second angle, and described second angle is approximately the twice of first angle.
6, switched reluctance machines according to claim 5, wherein the pole-face of second magnetic pole angle of traversing and each same pole angle of traversing is approximately identical.
7, switched reluctance machines according to claim 1 also comprises:
Phase winding on the magnetic pole of parts in first parts and second parts;
Be used to make the phase driver of described phase winding energising; With
Be used for controlling the controller of the work of phase driver according to the relative position of first parts, second parts.
8, switched reluctance machines according to claim 7 also comprises:
Energy storage device; With
The switch that links to each other with controller is used for selectively phase winding is connected or is connected with energy storage device with driver mutually.
9, a kind of can be by the motor of polyphase source power supply, described motor comprises:
By first parts that the magnetic permeability material is made, it has a plurality of magnetic poles that radially extend, and each radially extends the pole-face that magnetic pole has first size;
By second parts that the magnetic permeability material is made, it has first radially extends magnetic pole and second and radially extends magnetic pole, and described second magnetic pole has the pole-face of second size, and second size is greater than first size;
Be used to make the relative installation of described second parts with described first parts so as the pole-face of second parts with respect to the transportable device of the pole-face of first parts.
10, motor according to claim 9, wherein first radially extends magnetic pole and has the pole-face that approximates first size greatly.
11, motor according to claim 9 has wherein formed substantially invariable air gap between the magnetic pole pole-face of the magnetic pole pole-face of first parts and opposed second parts.
12, motor according to claim 9, wherein the pole-face size of second magnetic pole is approximately the twice of the pole-face size of first magnetic pole.
13, a kind of switched reluctance motor, it comprises:
Stator with yoke has the magnetic pole of a plurality of even placements on the described yoke;
Can be around the longitudinal axis and the rotor that rotates with respect to magnetic pole of the stator, described rotor has even number of poles, they are placed on the rotor circumference unevenly, and a kind of magnetic pole in the described rotor magnetic pole has the pole-face of first size, and the another kind of magnetic pole in the described rotor magnetic pole has the pole-face of second size;
The two-phase power supply;
Phase winding on rotor magnetic pole or the magnetic pole of the stator, it is connected to one of power supply and goes up mutually so that by its energising.
14, switched reluctance motor according to claim 13, wherein the angle between the adjacent rotor magnetic pole on rotor magnetic pole and its first direction is first angle, and the angle between the adjacent rotor magnetic pole on described rotor magnetic pole and its second direction is second angle.
15, switched reluctance motor according to claim 14 has 4 magnetic poles on its rotor, first angle is greater than 90 °, and second angle is less than 90 °.
16, a kind of SR motor, it comprises:
Stator, it has a plurality of along the equally distributed magnetic permeability magnetic pole of circumference, and each magnetic pole has the pole-face that traverses first angle;
Rotor, the magnetic permeability magnetic pole of even number around longitudinal axis uneven distribution arranged on the rotor, described rotor magnetic pole comprises magnetic pole with the narrow pole-face that traverses first angle and has the magnetic pole of the wide pole-face that traverses second angle that doubles first angle approximately, described rotor arrangements become can around the longitudinal axis and with respect to the stator rotation so that the pole-face of rotor magnetic pole can move with respect to the pole-face of magnetic pole of the stator.
17, motor according to claim 16, also comprise a plurality of windings relevant with magnetic pole of the stator, these windings be connected on the polyphase source so that one in the polyphase source communicates electric energy form at least one pair of can be to the magnetic pole of the stator of rotor magnetic pole transmitting torque, wherein the rotor torque of energising generation is so mutually: in the described phase I of energising mutually, torque acts on the wide pole-face basically, in the described second stage of energising mutually, torque acts on the narrow pole-face basically.
18, a kind of polyphase source drive electric motor of using, described motor comprises:
First parts, it has a plurality of in a usual manner along the equally distributed magnetic pole of circumference, and each magnetic pole has the pole-face of same size; With
Second parts, it has the magnetic pole of even number along the circumference uneven distribution that centers on the longitudinal axis, described second parts have the magnetic pole of at least two different pole-face sizes, described first and second parts are placed according to relatively moving so that the pole-face of the magnetic pole on second parts can move with respect to the pole-face of the magnetic pole on first parts, the second parts transmitting torque in opposite directions of the energising in the polyphase source wherein, along with second parts with respect to the moving of first parts, described torque moves on on the little pole-face magnetic pole from the magnetic pole with maximum pole-face.
19, a kind of method of controlling generator, wherein generator comprises first parts with the measure-alike magnetic pole of pole-face that a plurality of quilts evenly separate and has even number by second parts of non-uniformly spaced magnetic pole, described second parts comprise first magnetic pole of wide pole-face and second magnetic pole of narrow pole-face, described first and second parts are placed according to relatively moving so that the pole-face of the magnetic pole on first parts can move with respect to the pole-face of the magnetic pole on second parts, and described method comprises:
Described first parts and second parts are relatively moved;
Along with the wide magnetic pole on described second parts is removed certain intervals with respect to the magnetic pole of described first parts, make the relevant phase winding energising of parts in described first and second parts, described energising phase winding is relevant with magnetic pole on being positioned at described interval location;
Described phase driver and described phase winding are separated; With
Described first phase winding is connected on the energy storage device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96199102 CN1205806A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1996-10-15 | Staggered pole switched reluctance motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/545,085 | 1995-10-19 | ||
| CN 96199102 CN1205806A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1996-10-15 | Staggered pole switched reluctance motor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1205806A true CN1205806A (en) | 1999-01-20 |
Family
ID=5129321
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96199102 Pending CN1205806A (en) | 1995-10-19 | 1996-10-15 | Staggered pole switched reluctance motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1205806A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101982931A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-03-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multiphase magnetic resistance motor with pulse torque compensation structure |
| CN101313449B (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2011-07-06 | Lg电子株式会社 | Switching reluctance motor |
| CN103414307A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-11-27 | 深圳市合兴加能科技有限公司 | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN105305771A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-03 | 西安交通大学 | Transverse flux mutual inductance coupling linear switched reluctance motor |
| CN106549549A (en) * | 2017-01-14 | 2017-03-29 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of two-phase stepping motor |
| CN109781150A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-21 | 福建睿能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of control method of magnetic coder, magnetic coder and knitting machines |
-
1996
- 1996-10-15 CN CN 96199102 patent/CN1205806A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101313449B (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2011-07-06 | Lg电子株式会社 | Switching reluctance motor |
| CN101982931A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-03-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multiphase magnetic resistance motor with pulse torque compensation structure |
| CN101982931B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-08-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multiphase magnetic resistance motor with pulse torque compensation structure |
| CN103441633A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-12-11 | 深圳市合兴加能科技有限公司 | Switched reluctance mechanism |
| CN103427575A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-12-04 | 深圳市合兴加能科技有限公司 | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN103427576A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-12-04 | 深圳市合兴加能科技有限公司 | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN103414307A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-11-27 | 深圳市合兴加能科技有限公司 | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN103441633B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2017-02-22 | 深圳市合兴加能科技有限公司 | Switched reluctance mechanism |
| CN103427575B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2017-02-22 | 深圳市合兴加能科技有限公司 | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN103427576B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2017-03-29 | 深圳市合兴加能科技有限公司 | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN103414307B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2017-08-25 | 深圳市合兴加能科技有限公司 | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN105305771A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-03 | 西安交通大学 | Transverse flux mutual inductance coupling linear switched reluctance motor |
| CN106549549A (en) * | 2017-01-14 | 2017-03-29 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of two-phase stepping motor |
| CN106549549B (en) * | 2017-01-14 | 2018-08-31 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of two-phase stepping motor |
| CN109781150A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-21 | 福建睿能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of control method of magnetic coder, magnetic coder and knitting machines |
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