CN86105770A - The Y-connected switch reluctance machine of four phase four line - Google Patents
The Y-connected switch reluctance machine of four phase four line Download PDFInfo
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- CN86105770A CN86105770A CN86105770.8A CN86105770A CN86105770A CN 86105770 A CN86105770 A CN 86105770A CN 86105770 A CN86105770 A CN 86105770A CN 86105770 A CN86105770 A CN 86105770A
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Abstract
The present invention sets forth the Y-connected switch reluctance machine of a kind of four phase four line, has proposed a kind of new winding coupling method and unique working method.The feature of this motor is that the polar orientation of homophase magnetic pole is identical, and the opposite polarity directions of adjacent phase magnetic pole has the characteristics of the adjacent phase magnetic circuit series connection of homophase magnetic path parallel connection.One of advantage of motor of the present invention is that number of leads is few, magnetic flux path short.Two of advantage be the magnetic pole end face produce local when saturated the other parts of magnetic circuit can not produce too high magnetic close.Three of advantage be stator core both can make four mutually 8 utmost points also can make four 12 utmost points mutually.Four of advantage be available two and a string three-phase mode of switching on simultaneously carry out the juxtaposition commutation.
Description
Invention scope
The present invention sets forth the Y-connected switch reluctance machine of a kind of four phase four line, is in detail to set forth a kind of Y-connected switch reluctance machine of four phase windings that has the rotor of the stator of 8 or 12 magnetic poles, 6 or 9 magnetic poles and have only four lead-out wires.Though the motor of this form itself is known to the people, yet the present invention proposes a kind of new winding coupling method and unique working method, the coupling method and the working method that adopt the present invention to propose, motor has the shortest magnetic flux path, operation characteristic and bigger output torque preferably.
Background of invention
Switch reluctance machine as a kind of variable speed drive motor of novelty, recently, appears in face of direct current and the induction machine with main competitor's looks again, and it is power electronic switching element thyristor later the growing up of coming out.
Nineteen sixties, the U.S. adds that naval experiment station of province crust sand ground attempts to advance as torpedo, has made the experimental prototype of axial air-gap tray type structure, the two unit of two commentaries on classics.Afterwards, scientific research portion of Ford motor company had developed the three unit disc type reluctance motors that are used for variable speed drives again.
Leeds, England university studied switch reluctance machine and stepping motor in great detail since 1967.1973, the researcher of University of Nottingham, go out to send to consider the speed change transmission from the viewpoint that reduces the power electronic device cost to greatest extent, they assert that also the semiconductor device of so this motor and unilateal conduction is desirable partner as long as the unit capacity and the efficient of switch reluctance machine can meet the demands.
After having experienced the ten years development process, recently, a kind of rotor, stator winding switch reluctance machine that radially settle on the opposite, the homophase magnetic circuit is connected with the stator of 8 magnetic poles, 6 magnetic poles now comes into operation.
Ao Erdun (Oulton) transmission device of being put on market by Britain Tasc Drives Co., Ltd is first Tianwan businessman's product switch reluctance machine.At present, on 20 kw of power levels, successfully be used in the road traction.Single-machine capacity is between 100-200 kilowatt, and the research work that is used for the switch reluctance machine of railway dragging variable speed drives is being proceeded.
Britain's " electric comment " declares, the main feature of this motor is, and is simple in structure, cheap, have preferable performance as variable speed drive.
Because above-mentioned motor has very big glamour, has caused people's attention and attention.We have manufactured experimently several model machines, through to experiment, analysis, the research of this kind motor, feel the reluctance motor of axial air-gap tray type structure, in order to keep normal end play between the rotor dish, very high to processing and manufacturing precision and assembly technology requirement, otherwise will influence reliable running.And the reluctance motor of radial air gap has advantage simple in structure, reliable, that be easy to processing and manufacturing.The switch reluctance machine of prior art but, owing to adopt the mode of homophase magnetic circuit series connection, according to the N utmost point and the S number of poles equal principle of every phase, the number of magnetic poles of the every phase of motor is an even number, referring to Fig. 1, the number of magnetic poles of four phase electric machine stator irons can only be 8 integral multiple.As stator core being processed into 12 magnetic poles, the switch reluctance machine of connecting for the homophase magnetic circuit is inappropriate.Yet for the homophase Ci Lu And connection that the present invention proposes, the switch reluctance machine of adjacent phase magnetic circuit series connection, this point is unrestricted.The number of magnetic poles of the every phase of motor both can be an even number, also can be odd number, and shown in Fig. 2-4, the stator of four phase motors both can have been made 8 magnetic poles, also can make 12 magnetic poles.In addition, adopt the mode of homophase Ci Lu And connection, the series connection of adjacent phase magnetic circuit, not only the lead-out wire number of motor is minimum, but also has the shortest magnetic flux path and some unique working methods.All more favourable for reducing core loss with the raising operation characteristic.
Goal of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of and similar switch reluctance machine and compares, the improvement kind of the switch type magnetic resistance resistance that number of leads is few, magnetic flux path is short, available ball bearing made using drives, operation characteristic is good.
Another object of the present invention be have brushless electronic commutation in order to provide a kind of, be easy to speed change bending moment operation, simple in structure, cheap modified model motor kind.
Further purpose of the present invention provides a kind of in speed change bending moment operation occasion, system effectiveness and the modified model motor kind that power output exchanges than routine or direct current machine is good.
Summary of the invention
The motor that proposes according to the present invention has the stator of 8 teeth and the rotor of 6 teeth (or stator 12 teeth, rotor 9 teeth).Rotor is the salient pole shape, and a tooth is a magnetic pole.All be wound with magnet exciting coil on each stator tooth, the number of turn of each coil, direction of winding are all identical with connection type.The winding of this motor connects according to the mode of four phase stars, and the head end of each phase winding links to each other with each lead-out wire mutually respectively, and the tail end of each phase winding links to each other with the star mid point of motor internal.During the motor operation, according to the rotor-position sensor signal, according to AB-BC-CD-DA ... perhaps the order of DC-CB-BA-AD is worked in two modes that are in series energising.Electric current is flowed into, is flowed out from another phase terminal by a phase terminal, electric current through coil is unidirectional, the polarity of each magnetic pole of the stator is determined by the sense of current around this polar curve circle, and be staggered according to the order of N-S-N-S-N-S-N-S, because the opposite polarity directions of identical, the adjacent two-phase magnetic pole of polarity of this arrangement mode homophase magnetic pole, therefore, motor of the present invention has the advantages that homophase Ci Lu And joins adjacent phase magnetic circuit series connection.Compare with the switch reluctance machine of the series connection of homophase magnetic circuit, the adjacent Lu of Ci mutually And connection, motor of the present invention has the short and good remarkable advantage of operating characteristic of magnetic flux path.
Of the present invention further describe to cooperate with accompanying drawing carry out, shown the wiring characteristics and the operation principle of motor of the present invention among the figure.
Brief description
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is that the switch reluctance machine of prior art is simplified schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the winding construction figure of switch reluctance machine of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the simplification schematic diagram of motor of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the simplification schematic diagram of the another kind of structure of motor of the present invention
Specifically describe
As shown in the figure
The rotor of switch reluctance machine is made up of the salient pole laminated core that number of poles does not wait, and magnet exciting coil is looped around on each magnetic pole of the stator, does not have winding on the rotor.
On the geometry and excitation mode of unshakable in one's determination and winding, this motor is different with existing interchange or direct current machine.It produces torque by the magnetic pull between the rotor magnetic pole, rather than produces torque by the interaction force between current like that as motor.If switch on for successively the magnet exciting coil of each phase according to the order of AB-BC-CD-DA, then rotor core is under the magnetic pull effect, according to rotating with the direction of stator excitation reversed in order.
On operation principle, it is closely similar with the stepping motor with big step angle, and still, on control mode and operation characteristic, it and stepping motor have very big difference.Because stepping motor is positioning devices in essence, it converts the digit pulse input to skimulated motion output.And switch reluctance machine is used for high-power variable speed drive, and it requires to regulate input current with load variations according to driving.Their remarkable difference is: concerning stepping motor, the gym suit of arbor is from the commutation of power supply, and in contrast, concerning switch reluctance machine, rotating shaft position is depended in the commutation of power supply.
The winding coupling method
Motor windings of the present invention connects according to star fashion.The head end of each phase winding links to each other with each lead-out wire mutually, and the tail end of each phase winding links to each other with the star mid point of motor internal.
Fig. 2 is the switch reluctance machine winding connection layout of four phases, 8 utmost points.Among the figure, every have 2 magnetic poles that polarity is identical mutually.Every phase winding also has 2 identical magnet exciting coils.Two coil Ke Yi And connection of homophase also can be connected.
Shown in Figure 2 is four phase star connections of homophase coil And connection.In Fig. 2, A phase terminal 14 links to each other with the head end of A phase coil 11,12; B phase terminal 24 links to each other with the head end of B phase coil 21,22; C phase terminal 34 links to each other with the head end of C phase coil 31,32; D phase terminal 44 links to each other with the head end of D phase coil 41,42.The tail end of A, B, C, each phase coil of D with star mid point line 80, is all connected at motor internal, does not have external lead wire.
Shown in Figure 3 is four phase star connections of in-phase coil series connection, for the sake of clarity, and only drawn among the figure A, B two-phase winding.
Identical with the situation of homophase coil And connection, when changing the in-phase coil series connection into, also will be according to the identical principle wiring of homophase pole polarity.In Fig. 3, A phase terminal 14 links to each other with the head end of coil 11, and the tail end of coil 11 links to each other with the head end of coil 12, and the tail end of coil 12 links to each other with star mid point 80.B phase terminal 24 links to each other with the head end of coil 21, and the tail end of coil 21 links to each other with the head end of coil 22, and the tail end of coil 22 links to each other with star mid point 80.The mode of connection of unillustrated C, D two-phase winding and A, B two-phase are identical.
Electronic commutator
Be electronic commutator in the frame of broken lines of Fig. 2, four electronic commutation switches and four clamp diodes are arranged.A phase switch 15 and C switch 35 mutually receive positive source.B phase switch 27 and D switch 47 mutually receive power cathode.The connection of clamp diode 17,25,37,45 and the opposite polarity directions of power supply 50.The break-make order of each switch is controlled by position transducer.When A, B, C, D respectively cut off the power supply mutually, the inductive energy storage of outage phase winding can return DC power supply by clamp diode.
The magnetic circuit feature
According to the connection of winding coil and reversing switch, electric current by A mutually or C flows into mutually, from B mutually or D flow out mutually.Electric current through coil is unidirectional, and the polarity of each magnetic pole of the stator is determined by the sense of current around this utmost point magnet exciting coil.According to the "on" position of stator winding, Fig. 3 has marked each magnetic pole of the stator polarity.They are staggered according to the N-S-N-S-N-S-N-S mode.Because radially two pole polarity directions of opposite homophase are identical, the opposite polarity directions of adjacent two-phase magnetic pole, therefore, motor of the present invention has homophase Ci Lu And connection, the characteristics of adjacent phase magnetic circuit series connection.This polar arrangement mode not only makes magnetic flux path shorten greatly, and also very favourable to improving operating characteristics of motor.
Drive the field in speed governing, crave for high performance brushless speed-changing motor.Detailed calculated shows, does not consider the magnetic saturation influence, when the range of linearity was worked, the output torque of variable reluctance motor was directly proportional with current squaring, was similar to series excitation direct current machine characteristic, torque fluctuation was very big when this motor adopted unsteady flow to drive, and it is not good enough to be used for high-performance speed governing occasion characteristic.
In order to improve operating characteristics of motor, can make the magnetic pole end face generation of motor local saturated, utilize the non-linear system torque fluctuation of facing upward of magnetic circuit that remarkable result is arranged.Theory analysis shows with further calculating, and the magnetic pole end face of motor takes place local when saturated, and according to the derivation result of ideal situation, the back-emf of motor is proportional to rotating speed, and moment is proportional to electric current, cruel like And sharp DC motor in fixing operation characteristic when excitatory.
The rotor magnetic pole is during complete matching, rotor tooth withstand on hidden part under the magnetic pole of the stator " shadow region " area less than whole magnetic pole face area, when exciting current was big, the shadow region took place saturated, motor is in non-linear section work.Before the rotor magnetic pole was unjustified, except the shadow region that the rotor tooth top is covered mutually, it is close that motor magnetic circuit other parts still have lower magnetic.
The characteristics of the adjacent phase magnetic circuit series connection of motor according to the present invention, all can not align simultaneously in the rotor magnetic pole of an adjacent two-phase position in office, when exciting current is big, it is local saturated that a magnetic pole end face was produced, simultaneously, can guarantee again in the rotor magnetic pole staggers the motor rotation overall process of alignment, except the magnetic pole end face local saturated, it is close that the other parts of this motor magnetic circuit can not produce too high magnetic.These characteristics are very favourable to improving operating characteristics of motor, and particularly effect is more so when full-load run.
Utilize the local saturated principle of magnetic pole end face to improve motor characteristic, wish to reduce magnetic unshakable in one's determination again when close simultaneously as far as possible, can suitably increase the rotor yoke or reduce tooth top area of section (not shown).
In addition, the characteristics identical according to the homophase pole polarity, the stator core of this motor not only can be made four phases, 8 utmost points, can also make four phases, 12 utmost points.
Fig. 4 is a kind of special construction of motor of the present invention, stator is four phases, 12 utmost points, every magnetic pole that 3 same polarity are arranged mutually, every phase also has 3 identical magnet exciting coils, 8 extremely similar mutually with four, 3 coil Ji Ke Yi And connection of same phase, the ， And that also can connect is according to the identical principle line of homophase pole polarity.
The contrast Fig. 1 the wiring characteristics as can be seen, the magnetic circuit feature of the switch reluctance machine of prior art is the opposite polarity directions of homophase magnetic pole.According to N, the S number of poles equal principle of every phase, the number of magnetic poles of the every phase of motor is an even number, and each phase winding can be switched on separately.Magnetic flux radially opposite passes rotor core.Stator core can be made four phases, 8 utmost points, but should not make four phases, 12 utmost points.
Air gap
Saturatedly can improve operating characteristics of motor because the magnetic pole end face is local, and reduce air gap help saturated, so in theory, air gap is healed better little.
Position probing and driven in synchronism
During the motor rotation, the relative position between the rotor magnetic pole changes.Similar with brshless DC motor, the axle head of this motor is equipped with the position transducer (not shown).Revolution is crossed a position angle, and position sensor signal changes a next state.Change place of sensor signal state is called the commutation point of motor, for four phase switch reluctance machines, rotor tooth square of carry will be through four different commutation points, position sensor signal also has four kinds of different conditions, rotor is through behind first commutation point, transducer is output as one state, switch 15,27 closures, AB two-phase energising; Rotor through second commutation point after, transducer output " 2 " state, switch 27,35 closures, BC two-phase energising; Rotor through the 3rd commutation point after, switch 35,47 closures, CD two-phase energising; Rotor through the 4th commutation point after, switch 47,15 closures, DA two-phase energising ... after this, then repeat said process, synchronously provide exciting current mutually, drive motors continues rotation to each.
Three-phase is switched on and is intersected the overlapping commutation
Be in series simultaneously the working method of energising except two, this motor can also be worked in the mode that a string three-phase of two And is switched on simultaneously.Do not see the value of this working method in the ordinary course of things.But before and after commutation point, use this working method to realize that intersection overlapping commutation is continuous to holding current, promote commutation stage output high torque (HT) but to have certain practical significance
Referring to Fig. 2, if according to 15,27-15,27,35-27,35 ... order connect reversing switch, then motor is according to AB-ABC-BC ... order, with two energising-intersection overlapping commutation-two energisings that are in series that are in series ... mode work.
Two are in series when switching on, simultaneously Tong Dian two-phase current equal and opposite in direction; When intersecting the overlapping commutation, two modes of intersecting changing-over phase current sum Yi Er And a string (two intersect changing-over Xiang And connection after be in series with the centre is overlapping) three-phase energising were worked before and after middle overlapping phase current equaled, and this working method helps commutation stage output high torque (HT).The control method of relevant juxtaposition commutation has a detailed description in my another part patent application " drive circuit of switch reluctance machine ", is not described in this.
Claims (7)
- Described based on specification of the present invention, patent claim and laid-open patent protection range are:1, is the switch reluctance machine that is used for variable speed drives.This motor with the difference of the switch reluctance machine of prior art is: winding is connected into four stars mutually, and no star mid point lead-out wire adopts two modes that are in series energising to work, and each phase winding can not be switched on separately.The feature of motor of the present invention is: magnetic pole of the stator is staggered according to the N-S-N-S-N-S-N-S mode, and homophase pole polarity direction is identical, and adjacent phase pole polarity direction is opposite.Magnetic flux not radially the opposite pass rotor core, have homophase Ci Lu And connection, the characteristics of adjacent phase magnetic circuit series connection.
- 2, according to the motor of patent application 1, stator core both can have been made four phases, 8 utmost points, also can make four phases, 12 utmost points.Magnet exciting coil is looped around on each magnetic pole of the stator, according to the identical principle wiring of homophase pole polarity.
- 3, according to the wiring principle of patent application 2, the magnet exciting coil Ji Ke Yi And connection of each magnetic pole of homophase also can be connected.The head end of each phase winding links to each other with each lead-out wire mutually, and the tail end of each phase winding interconnects, no star mid point lead-out wire.
- 4, according to the winding method of attachment of patent application 3, adopt two modes that are in series energising or a string three-phase energising of two And to work, the electric current of process coil is unidirectional, the current opposite in direction of adjacent two-phase.
- 5, according to the step mode of patent application 4, the magnetic pole end face of electric machine rotor tooth top produce local when saturated the other parts of magnetic circuit can not produce too high magnetic close.
- 6, according to the magnetic circuit characteristics of patent application 5, the method for improving electric machine operating characteristic is that the magnetic pole end face of motor is produced is local saturated, utilize the ferromagnetic material magnetization curve non-linear obtain class like And sharp DC motor in fixing operation characteristic when excitatory.
- 7, utilize saturated principle to improve the method for motor characteristic according to patent application 6, when wishing that further reduction magnetic unshakable in one's determination is close, can suitably reduce the area of rotor tooth top or increase yoke section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86105770 CN1005229B (en) | 1986-07-19 | 1986-07-19 | Switching-type magnetoresistance motor with four phase four line connection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86105770 CN1005229B (en) | 1986-07-19 | 1986-07-19 | Switching-type magnetoresistance motor with four phase four line connection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86105770A true CN86105770A (en) | 1988-02-17 |
| CN1005229B CN1005229B (en) | 1989-09-20 |
Family
ID=4802949
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86105770 Expired CN1005229B (en) | 1986-07-19 | 1986-07-19 | Switching-type magnetoresistance motor with four phase four line connection |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1005229B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1048831C (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 2000-01-26 | 三星电子株式会社 | Driving circuit for switched reluctance motor |
| CN102315008A (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2012-01-11 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Variable reluctance type resolver and make its method |
| CN101847919B (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2013-01-23 | 株式会社电装 | Motor with improved stator structure |
| CN105391263A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-09 | 山东大学 | Block-based switched reluctance motor with short end part and short magnetic circuit and control circuit thereof |
| CN107240998A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-10-10 | 安徽弘浩节能科技有限公司 | The pole structure switch magnetic resistance motor polarity distribution method and its application of four phase 32/24 |
| CN111193332A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-22 | 石镇德 | Switched reluctance motor |
-
1986
- 1986-07-19 CN CN 86105770 patent/CN1005229B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1048831C (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 2000-01-26 | 三星电子株式会社 | Driving circuit for switched reluctance motor |
| CN101847919B (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2013-01-23 | 株式会社电装 | Motor with improved stator structure |
| US8847522B2 (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2014-09-30 | Denso Corporation | Reluctance motor with improved stator structure |
| CN102315008A (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2012-01-11 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Variable reluctance type resolver and make its method |
| CN105391263A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-09 | 山东大学 | Block-based switched reluctance motor with short end part and short magnetic circuit and control circuit thereof |
| CN105391263B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-09-14 | 山东大学 | A kind of short magnetic circuit sectional type switched reluctance machines of short end portion and its control circuit |
| CN107240998A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-10-10 | 安徽弘浩节能科技有限公司 | The pole structure switch magnetic resistance motor polarity distribution method and its application of four phase 32/24 |
| CN107240998B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-11-19 | 安徽弘浩节能科技有限公司 | Four phases, 32/24 pole structure switch magnetic resistance motor polarity distribution method and its application |
| CN111193332A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-22 | 石镇德 | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN111193332B (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2023-08-04 | 石镇德 | Switched reluctance motor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1005229B (en) | 1989-09-20 |
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