The invention is intended to provide a kind of tobacco filter that satisfies these requirements.In one embodiment, filter comprises a kind of hygroscopic agent that is dispersed with, as the porous matrix of sodium pyroglutamate.Hygroscopic agent absorbs moisture from tobacco smoke, thereby in use as the liquid collector of tobacco smoke.
On the other hand, the invention is intended to provide a kind of tobacco smog filte r that comprises the porous matrix that wherein is dispersed with micro-capsule.Micro-capsule comprises a nuclear and a shell.Shell comprises a kind of hygroscopic agent, preferred sodium pyroglutamate.Shell preferably also comprises methylcellulose.Nuclear preferably comprises chlorophyllin, and nuclear preferably also comprises at least a vegetable oil.
Filter of the present invention can comprise in addition that at least a surfactant or at least a help removes poisonous and material mutagenic compound in the tobacco smoke.
Filter of the present invention can provide separately, perhaps with contain the tobacco entity, uniting as the smoking apparatus of cigarette, cigar or tobacco pipe provides.
According to following description and additional claim, can understand above-mentioned and other feature of the present invention better.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of tobacco filter.In a preferred embodiment, filter is fixed in and contains the tobacco entity, as the smoking apparatus of cigarette, cigar or tobacco pipe.
Filter comprises a kind of porous matrix and at least a hygroscopic agent.Porous matrix can also be fit to the nontoxic material that mixes with hygroscopic agent simultaneously for any smoking apparatus filter that is applicable to.These materials comprise cellulose fibre such as cellulose acetate, cotton, timber meat and paper; And the material that can understand with reference to this paper of polyester, polyene, ion exchange material and other those skilled in the art.
Hygroscopic agent can absorb moisture from tobacco smoke, and it is released in the porous matrix, and the moisture by filter smog is filtered.In a preferred embodiment, hygroscopic agent exists with about amount of 5% to 60% of filter dry weight.
Hygroscopic agent can be suitable any hygroscopic agent.For example, hygroscopic agent can be selected from following material: glycerine, sorbierite, propane diols, sodium lactate, calcium chloride, potassium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate or sodium polyphosphate, calcium citrate, calcium gluconae, potassium citrate, K-IAO, sodium tartrate, potassium sodium tartrate and sodium glutamate.
In an embodiment preferred, the hygroscopic agent in the filter is sodium pyroglutamate (being also referred to as 2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid sodium or NaPCA).Advantageously, sodium pyroglutamate is avirulent, and it can remove particle charged in the tobacco smoke effectively, plays the effect of hygroscopic agent in the temperature range of smog.And, its being safe from harm property, stable, make simple, easy to use.The structural formula of sodium pyroglutamate is as follows:
It is simple and economical that filter according to the present invention should be manufacturing.In one manufacturing approach, at first prepare a kind of hygroscopic agent that contains, as the solution of sodium pyroglutamate.Use this solution-wet porous matrix then.Then dry wetting matrix keeps the residue that is dispersed in the top of porous matrix and the inside hygroscopic agent.
Following comparing embodiment has proved these and other advantages of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
More traditional tobacco filter contains the wet filtration tobacco filter of sodium pyroglutamate and the validity between the commercially available wet filtration tobacco filter.
Experimental check three types of filters from smoke from cigarette, filter the relative effectiveness of tar.
1) traditional cellulose acetate filter (" cell-Ac ");
2) contain the wet filter (" SoPyro ") that filters of cellulose acetate tobacco smoke of sodium pyroglutamate according to the present invention
3) the wet filter (" Aquafilter ") that filters of commercially available tobacco smoke
The acetyl cellulose filter that contains sodium pyroglutamate is prepared as follows, and at first, removes the cellulose filter on the commodity cigarette.The about 0.21g of fiber is heavy.Then, weight is that 10% the about 0.5ml of pyroglutamic acid sodium solution is applied to each filter, and filter is 60 ℃ of dried overnight.
After traditional cellulose acetate filter and the cellulose acetate filter that contains sodium pyroglutamate weighed, insert 3.75cm (1.5 feet) in the Merlon pipe, the internal diameter of this Merlon pipe equates with the external diameter of standard cigarette.The cigarette that to contain the no filter of 0.85g tobacco is inserted an end of Merlon pipe, almost touches an end of filter.The other end of Merlon pipe joins with the pipe that is connected with suction pump.Every type of filter is tested twice.The Aquafilter that uses in this experiment also is connected in the no filter cigarettes that contains the 0.85g tobacco and is connected between the pipe of suction pump.
Light the cigarette that filter is housed, and aspirate suction discontinuously, in cigarette burns 0.5 foot at unignited end with simulated cigarette smog.
Filter takes off from the Merlon pipe or from Aquafilter, weighs, and is put in the methyl alcohol of 10ml to strip tar or other materials in the cigarette smoke that keeps in the filter.The amount of representing to keep in the filter component with the light absorption (wavelength 350nm) of alcohol filter eluate.Write down simultaneously smog by the time filter weight that increases.Experimental result sees Table 1.
Table 1
Test | Filter | The 350nm absorption value | The weight that increases |
????1 | ????Cell-AC | ?0.470?A.U. | ????35mg |
????2 | ????Cell-AC | ?0.381?A.U. | ????30mg |
????3 | ????SoPyro | ?0.731?A.U. | ????71mg |
????4 | ????SoPyro | ?0.625?A.U. | ????60mg |
????5 | ?Aquafilter | ?0.540?A.U. | ?????* |
????6 | ?Aquafilter | ?0.560?A.U. | ?????* |
*Owing to the weight that Aquafilter absorption smog component increases fails to measure, because the actual in fact weight saving of Aquafilter when smog passes through, this may be the reason owing to water evaporates.
Based on the numerical value that absorbs, more effective according to the filter (experiment 3 and 4) of one aspect of the invention than the traditional cellulose acetate filter that does not have hygroscopic agent (experiment 1 and 2), also than Aquafilte more effective (experiment 5 and 6).
According to another aspect of the present invention, it provides a kind of tobacco smog filte r that comprises the porous matrix that wherein is dispersed with micro-capsule.Micro-capsule preferably includes a nuclear and a shell.
The nuclear of micro-capsule comprises at least a vegetable oil.Suitable vegetable oil comprises at least a following vegetable oil that is selected from: castor oil, cotton seed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, rape oil.In an embodiment preferred, vegetable oil is a safflower oil.The oil of other that those skilled in the art's reference explanation here can be understood is also suitable.In an embodiment preferred, vegetable oil is the about 20% to 80% of micro-capsule dry weight, more preferably accounts for about 30% to 70% of micro-capsule dry weight.
In an embodiment preferred, micro-capsule nuclear also comprises chlorophyllin.Chlorophyllin is preferably to account for the about 1% to 10% of micro-capsule dry weight, and about 2% to 5% the amount that more preferably accounts for the micro-capsule dry weight exists.
The shell of micro-capsule comprises hygroscopic agent.In an embodiment preferred, hygroscopic agent is a sodium pyroglutamate, and the hygroscopic agent of other that those skilled in the art's reference explanation here can be understood also can use.In an embodiment preferred, hygroscopic agent (such as burnt glutaric acid sodium) is to account for the about 10% to 90% of micro-capsule dry weight, and about 20% to 70% the amount that more preferably accounts for the micro-capsule dry weight exists.
In another preferred embodiment, the micro-capsule shell also comprises methylcellulose.In an embodiment preferred, methylcellulose to be to account for about 5%-30% of micro-capsule dry weight, and 10% to 25% the amount that more preferably accounts for the micro-capsule dry weight exists.
In another preferred embodiment, except methylcellulose or substituent methyl cellulose, the micro-capsule shell also comprises a kind of polymerizer, and for example polyvinyl alcohol or vinylpyrrolidone perhaps comprise polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinylpyrrolidone simultaneously.In an embodiment preferred, polymer to be to account for about 2%-30% of micro-capsule dry weight, and 5% to 20% the amount that more preferably accounts for the micro-capsule dry weight exists.
The compound that uses in the micro-capsule prescription according to the present invention can obtain from many sources that those skilled in the art know, Sigma Chemical Co. for example, St.Louis, MO USA.Be suitable for the serial of methods manufacturing that micro-capsule that the present invention uses can be known according to those skilled in the art.For example, can be made in conjunction with the 500g water slurry by the 200g vegetable oil according to micro-capsule of the present invention, water slurry comprises the low viscosity methylcellulose of 25g, 5g chlorophyllin, 50g sodium pyroglutamate and 150g cornstarch.Mixture becomes micro-capsule through emulsification with the spray form.
Can before the cellulose acetate filter tow forms columnar filter, spray and do this multilayer tow and form by producing cigarette on the machine according to micro-capsule of the present invention with spraying drying method.Perhaps, can produce suitable micro-capsule in advance, then by with shaking dish, the perhaps technology that can understand with reference to the explanations here by other those skilled in the art is added to it in the acetate cellulose filters tow thereby micro-capsule is added dropwise in the tow.
The production that contains the filter of micro-capsule of the present invention will only need the production equipment of conventional cigarette filter is carried out a spot of modification, and this point those skilled in the art will understand very much.And according to the present invention, it is only expensive than making traditional filter to make the filter that contains micro-capsule.
During use, the hygroscopic agent of micro-capsule part absorbs moisture from the smog by filter.The preferred especially sodium pyroglutamate of hygroscopic agent is because it can combine well with filter under the form of drying.
During application, the vegetable oil of micro-capsule partially absorbs some harmful volatile compound such as pyridine, and the fragrance that does not influence compound passes through.During use, chlorophyllin is a carcinogenic potential inactivator in the smoke from cigarette.
The methylcellulose of micro-capsule partly makes micro-capsule have structural stability, but when heating or being exposed in the humidity, it can spread.Do not resemble other most of traditional viscosity and give material, methylcellulose can be precipitated out from hot solution.And, give material with most of traditional viscosity and compare, its easier at low temperatures dissolving.
Comprise the shell of a sodium pyroglutamate and methylcellulose and the nuclear of vegetable oil and chlorophyllin according to the tobacco smoke filter that contains micro-capsule of the present invention, when with this filter filtration of tobacco smoke, micro-capsule absorbs heat and the moisture in the tobacco smoke.Methylcellulose precipitates into fibrous matter, and this material can increase the effective surface area of wet filter smog.This makes sodium pyroglutamate keep moisture and rapidly diffuses in the filter material.Chlorophyllin is distributed between water and the oil environment almost evenly, and this only is present in the deactivation that a phase time can increase the compound of the poisonous and carcinogenesis of graininess and gaseous state in the smog than chlorophyllin.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it comprises provides a kind of cigarette filter that contains phthalocyanine trisulfonic acid copper.Phthalocyanine trisulfonic acid copper can directly add in the tobacco smog filte r.Perhaps, phthalocyanine trisulfonic acid copper can be used as in a kind of covalent bond part adding tobacco smog filte r of cotton (for example " blue cotton ") or staple fibre or other suitable material.In addition, peptide cyanines trisulfonic acid copper also can add in other tobacco smog filte r scheme among the present invention.In a preferred scheme, phthalocyanine trisulfonic acid copper is no matter dissociate, or covalent bonds, and all about 0.1% to about 5% amount with the filter dry weight exists.In a particularly preferred scheme, phthalocyanine trisulfonic acid copper exists with about 1% to about 3% amount of filter dry weight.During use, this compound works poisonous and mutagenic compound, for example effect of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the tobacco smoke of being present in that filter.
In another preferred scheme, filter of the present invention comprises the surfactant of the wet filter of at least a raising tobacco smoke effect extraly.In a particularly preferred scheme, surfactant be with the filter dry weight about 0.1% to about 10%, about 0.1% to about 2% the amount of being more preferably exists.
Surfactant does not preferably have toxicity, can comprise in following a few compounds one or more: the polyoxyalkylene derivative of (1) fatty acid esters of sorbitan (promptly, the polyethylene glycol Isosorbide Dinitrate), (2) fatty-acid monoester of polyhydroxy-alcohol, or the aliphatic acid diester of (3) polyhydroxy-alcohol, other surfactant will be understood with reference to the present invention by those of skill in the art.Suitable surfactant comprises natural fat, oil and wax, fatty glyceride, polyoxyethylene fatty acid acid amides, polyalkylene oxides block copolymer and poly-(the oxygen ethene-altogether-oxypropylene) of Isosorbide Dinitrate, the ethoxylation of ethoxy compound, carboxylate, glyceride, macrogol ester, Isosorbide Dinitrate, ethoxylation.Those of skill in the art also can use with reference to accessible other the suitable surfactant of content disclosed by the invention.
Filter can comprise extraly can filter or the deactivation tobacco smoke in toxicity or other material of mutagenesis composition.Such material comprises polyphenoils and free radical scavenger for example glutathione, cysteine, N-acetylcystein, mesna, vitamin C and N, N '-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine; Aldehyde inactivator such as enediol compound; Amine and amineothiot; Nitrosamine agent for capturing and carcinogenic substance inactivator, for example: ion exchange resin, chlorophyll, chlorophyllin, phthalocyanine trisulfonic acid copper; With the nicotine agent for capturing, the organic acid of tannic acid and other for example.As long as those of skill in the art also can use with reference to accessible other the suitable material of content disclosed by the invention.In a particularly preferred scheme, other material is to exist to about 10%, more preferably about 0.1% to about 2% amount with about 0.1% of filter dry weight.
Furtherly, filter of the present invention preferably with the outside, circumference, be difficult for the barrier of tide or prevent that the wet packing of smoker's hand from providing.Such barrier can with polymeric material for example ethyl vinyl acetate copolymer, polypropylene or Buddhist nun make especially, these can be understood by those of skill in the art.
Filter of the present invention can or contain other smoking apparatus that separates tobacco with cigarette or cigar unites use, and it is fixed on an end of smoking apparatus.Filter can also a kind of suitable form be attached to own use separately on cigarette, cigar, tobacco pipe or other smoking apparatus.
Although the present invention discusses quite in detail, some preferred versions are provided, the scheme that other is arranged also is possible.Therefore, the description of the preferred embodiment that is provided should be provided the spirit and scope of Fu Jia claim.