CN1192645A - 用于焙烧过的无定型碳体的预热炉 - Google Patents
用于焙烧过的无定型碳体的预热炉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1192645A CN1192645A CN96110080A CN96110080A CN1192645A CN 1192645 A CN1192645 A CN 1192645A CN 96110080 A CN96110080 A CN 96110080A CN 96110080 A CN96110080 A CN 96110080A CN 1192645 A CN1192645 A CN 1192645A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
- C04B35/521—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite obtained by impregnation of carbon products with a carbonisable material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/0004—Devices wherein the heating current flows through the material to be heated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0042—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising roller trains
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0085—Movement of the container or support of the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0091—Horizontally
- F27D2003/0092—Horizontally with a reciprocating movement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
- F27D2099/0025—Currents through the charge
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
一种在沥青浸渍之前用于预热碳体的炉子,它利用了沿长轴流过碳体的电流。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于预热要通过液态沥青浸渍以使其致密的焙烧过的无定形碳体的炉子。
在制造碳和石墨电极时,通常的做法是将焦炭粒和沥青的混合物挤压成为成形的无定形碳体。然后,在大约800℃温度下,在焙烧炉(例如,气体燃烧炉)中焙烧这种无定形碳体以提高其强度。在焙烧过程中,一些沥青挥发,在无定形碳体中留下大量的小尺寸孔。重要的是用沥青填满这些孔以使无定形碳体致密。这通常是在大约275℃下,通过另外的预热步骤完成的,在此温度下,将焙烧过的多孔碳体浸入加压的蒸压釜中的液态沥青中。在这些条件下,沥青的粘度应使其能充填焙烧过碳体的孔。在浸渍步骤后,用公知技术,例如在U.S4,916,714中描述的纵向石墨化(LWG)方法,使无定形碳体石墨化。
多孔的焙烧过碳体的预热以前是在燃气炉中完成的,这是由于所要的预热温度较低,例如大约275℃,在这种炉子中很容易达到该温度。然而在电弧炉中被指定用作电极的焙烧过碳体尺寸相对较大,所以预热需要比较长的时间,并且从外向内的预热会导致焙烧过的碳体中温度不均匀。
因此,本发明目的是提供一种将焙烧过的碳体快速并均匀地预热到适合于沥青浸渍温度的设备。
其它的目的从下面的说明和权利要求中将一目了然。
图1是本发明设备的侧视图;
图2是图1设备的平面图;
图3和4是部分图1设备的局部正视图;
图5、6和6a表示利用图1设备的现有技术电隔离装置。
图7表示图1设备的电极接触板;以及
图8示意用于图1设备的绝缘外壳。
本发明是一种用电流加热具有圆柱形横截面的电极形状的纵向延伸无定形碳体以达到低于碳体石墨化温度的炉子,其中电流沿长度方向纵向通过碳体。
电流在大约30伏下大约是40,000A,并且要足够长时间地供给碳体电流以使其加热至约275℃,这比石墨化所需的温度,即2200~3000℃低得多。
参阅附图,图1的视图表示本发明的预热设备10,它用于借助于从电源电缆16流出的电流沿长度方向流过碳体12到达交叉电源电缆18来预热圆柱形无定形碳体12。电源电缆18将电流供给与碳体12并排放置的碳体12′,这在平面视图2中表示得更清楚。电流沿长度方向流过碳体12′到达电源电缆22。本发明的设备包括一种钢结构构件,例如工字钢的框架。垂直钢构件30安置在垂直钢构件32的对面,并与之相隔开,两者都固定在以混凝土台35为基础的水平钢底座构件34的部位31、33上。水平钢构件40横跨垂直构件30、32,并且固定在构件30、32的部位42、44上以便提供一个刚性结构。在图3中所示的包括专用滚轮47、49的固定滚轮装置46一字排列地安装在底座构件34上,并在垂直钢构件30、32之间延伸。例如通过使用升降叉车或其它常规装置将无定形碳体12放置在滚轮装置46上。正如在图3中41所示的一样,可以在滚轮47、49上开槽,以便使碳体12嵌套在这里并防止其横向移动,但是,碳体12可以在滚轮47、49上轴向移动。如图3所示,滚轮47(49)按可枢轴转动方式安装在钢架52的部位50上,钢架52被固定在焊接点54所示的钢底座构件34上。由于无定形碳体12支承在滚轮47、49上,通过启动固定地安装在垂直钢构件30上的可调液压装置组件64将电接触板60安在碳体12的一端62上并与之接触。同时,启动固定安装在垂直钢构件32上的可调液压装置组件74以使电接触板70安放在碳体12的端部72并与之接触。如图7所示,接触板60、60′、和70、70′分别与碳体端部62、72的整个表面完全过度地对接接触。电接触板60通过向下悬挂的钢杆76被横跨的水平构件40在80处可枢轴转动地支承,钢杆76本身在U形环8上与电接触板60可枢轴转动地连接。电接触板70在U形环82上与钢杆80可枢轴转动地连接,并且如图4所示,板70通过与钢杆80连接的滚轮装置90水平可转动地安装在横跨构件40上,图4中滚轮91支承在横跨构件40的凸缘93上。因为前面所描述的电接触板60和70的枢轴、可滚动支承,以及碳体12的滚轮支承,所以,由于不同碳体的长度差异很容易地通过灵活启动可调液压装置64、74以反碳体12在长度方向的自由移动来校正,从而达到与碳体12良好的电接触。因为众所周知在框架的金属构件中电的连续性必须被中断,所以在滚轮支承架52中要提供电隔离装置,即接合面116。在图5中表示的隔离装置116是常规的,并且在U.S.4,916,714中描述为带有孔的长方形板132,它在端131处进行焊接,两个132之间通过分别标为133和134的螺栓和螺母对接。为了中断电的连续性,在板132之间放置一块电绝缘材料的扁平矩形的带孔板135。因为螺栓同样应该是绝缘的,所以给它们装有在图5中被称为136的带有两个电绝缘材料垫圈的圆柱形套筒。在161处用于支承杆76、80的电绝缘是图6中所示的可买到的棒状应变绝缘体形式,它包括一对被间隔开的嵌入电绝缘体174中并安放钢杆76的螺纹部分180、182的带有螺纹的金属芯。在接触板60、70和各自的液压装置组件64、74之间的181处也要提供电绝缘。对于接触板60,这种情况表示在图6a中,其中,推板182通过电绝缘体184与接触板60电隔离,并且借助于穿过电绝缘套筒188和垫圈189的螺栓186固定在适当位置。
本发明如图1和2所示的优选实施例的设备包括一个并排的双套装备,带有横梁支承构件95,97,用于同时预热通过架空导线18接收电流的第二个碳体12′。用于碳体12′的双套装备的滚轮组件、电接触板和可调液压装置,其操作独立于用于碳体12的设备,以便容易调节碳体12、12′在长度上的差别。碳体12、12′各个侧面都曝露在周围大气中,并且本发明的炉子设备最好配置有绝热外壳,如图8中的100所示,以便待加热的碳体被静态的大气环境所包围从而保证快速均匀地加热。外壳8适合于用高绝缘墙板制成,其一个侧面是可移动的(如102所示以便能放入和取出碳体12、12′。
Claims (3)
1)用于预热圆柱形无定形碳体的设备,包括:
a)一个由结构钢构件制成的框架,包括
i)第一个垂直钢构件,它与第二个钢构件相对安置并留有一定间隔
ii)一个横跨第一个和第二个垂直钢构件并在那里被固定的水平钢构件,从而提供一种刚性结构;
b)第一固定滚动装置,一字排列水平安装在第一个和第二个垂直钢构件之间,用以支承位于所说的第一和第二个钢构件之间的圆柱形无定形碳体,并且允许该无定形碳体在位于所述的第一和第二个垂直钢构件之间的滚动装置上前后滚动;
c)第一个电接触装置,可枢轴转动地通过邻近所说的第一个垂直支承构件的水平构件支承并且从水平构件向下悬挂;
d)第二个电接触装置,可转动地通过邻近所说的第二个垂直支承件的水平构件支承并且从所说的水平构件处向下悬挂;
e)第一个可调节压力装置,固定地安装在所说的第一个垂直支承构件上,用于在所述的第一个电接触装置上施加压力;
f)第二个可调节压力装置,固定地安装在所述的第二个垂直支承构件上,用于在所述的第二个电接触装置上施加压力;
该设备的结构使成形的碳体能装在位于第一和第二个电接触装置之间的所说滚轮组件上,并且通过调节第一和第二个压力装置使之与所述的第一和第二个电接触装置相接触。
2)根据权利要求1的设备,其中
a)所述的由结构钢构件制成的框架包括
i)第三个垂直钢构件,它与第四个垂直钢构件相对安置并留有一定间隔
ii)一个水平钢构件横跨第三和第四个垂直钢构件并在那里被固定,从而提供一种刚性结构;
b)第二个固定的滚轮组件,一字排列水平安装在第三和第四垂直钢构件之间,用以支承位于所述的第三和第四钢构件之间的成形无定形碳体,并且允许所述的无定形碳体在位于第三和第四垂直钢构件之间的滚轮组件上前后滚动;
c)第三电接触装置,可枢轴转动地通过邻近第三垂直支承构件的水平构件支承,并从水平构件向下悬挂;
d)第四电接触装置,通过邻近第四垂直支承件的水平构件可转动地支承,并从水平构件向下悬挂;
e)第三可调压力装置,固定地安装在所说第三垂直支承构件上,用于在所说第三电接触装置上施加压力;
f)第四可调压力装置,固定地安装在所说第四垂直支承构件上,用于在所说第四电接触装置上施加压力;
g)用于电连接所说的第二和第三电接触装置的装置;
该设备的结构使所述的第一和第二个滚轮组件并列放置,并且使成形的碳体可装在位于所说第三和第四个电接触装置之间的所说滚轮组件上,通过调节第一和第二个压力装置使之与所述的第三和第四个电接触装置相接触。
3)根据权利要求1的设备,其配有绝热的外壳,外壳基本上包围所说的设备。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/454,739 US5751759A (en) | 1995-05-31 | 1995-05-31 | Pre-heating furnace for baked amorphous carbon bodies |
US454739 | 1995-05-31 | ||
US454,739 | 1995-05-31 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1192645A true CN1192645A (zh) | 1998-09-09 |
CN1115080C CN1115080C (zh) | 2003-07-16 |
Family
ID=23805874
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN96110080A Expired - Fee Related CN1115080C (zh) | 1995-05-31 | 1996-05-30 | 用于焙烧过的无定形碳体的预热炉 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5751759A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0746178B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3225196B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1115080C (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9602535A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2177750C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69619160T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2170205T3 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY115811A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL314521A1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2142607C1 (zh) |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1193773A (zh) * | 1959-11-04 | |||
US1684611A (en) * | 1925-09-04 | 1928-09-18 | Fed Abrasives Company | Electric furnace for producing silicon carbide |
FR72444E (fr) * | 1957-11-06 | 1960-04-13 | Bochumer Ver Fuer Gussstahlfab | Dispositif pour le chauffage électrique, par résistance, de corps en acier ayant la forme de barres |
US3114034A (en) * | 1960-08-18 | 1963-12-10 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Apparatus for heating metallic billets, bars or the like by direct passage of current |
US3284372A (en) * | 1965-09-14 | 1966-11-08 | Great Lakes Carbon Corp | Apparatus and process for continuously making baked and graphitized carbon bodies |
USRE27018E (en) * | 1969-11-20 | 1971-01-05 | Silicon carbide furnaces and plants | |
DE2457923C3 (de) * | 1974-12-07 | 1981-11-05 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen | Graphitierungsofen |
US4017673A (en) * | 1974-12-17 | 1977-04-12 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh | Method and apparatus for graphitization of carbon materials |
IT1191877B (it) * | 1986-04-30 | 1988-03-23 | Elettrocarbonium Spa | Perfezionamento nei forni di grafitazione mobili |
FR2621311B1 (fr) * | 1987-10-06 | 1992-01-10 | Savoie Electrodes Refract | Procede et dispositif de graphitisation continue simultanee de produits carbones longs et de grains carbones circulant a contre-courant |
-
1995
- 1995-05-31 US US08/454,739 patent/US5751759A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-05-29 PL PL96314521A patent/PL314521A1/xx unknown
- 1996-05-29 MY MYPI96002065A patent/MY115811A/en unknown
- 1996-05-30 CA CA002177750A patent/CA2177750C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-30 RU RU96110403A patent/RU2142607C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-30 CN CN96110080A patent/CN1115080C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-30 BR BR9602535A patent/BR9602535A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-30 JP JP13684996A patent/JP3225196B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-31 EP EP96303960A patent/EP0746178B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-31 DE DE69619160T patent/DE69619160T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-31 ES ES96303960T patent/ES2170205T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL314521A1 (en) | 1996-12-09 |
DE69619160D1 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
CA2177750C (en) | 1999-09-14 |
BR9602535A (pt) | 1998-10-27 |
JPH08333162A (ja) | 1996-12-17 |
DE69619160T2 (de) | 2002-07-11 |
MX9602055A (es) | 2003-02-12 |
EP0746178B1 (en) | 2002-02-13 |
US5751759A (en) | 1998-05-12 |
JP3225196B2 (ja) | 2001-11-05 |
ES2170205T3 (es) | 2002-08-01 |
CN1115080C (zh) | 2003-07-16 |
RU2142607C1 (ru) | 1999-12-10 |
CA2177750A1 (en) | 1996-12-01 |
EP0746178A1 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
MY115811A (en) | 2003-09-30 |
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