CN1189887A - Fluidized bed incinerator - Google Patents
Fluidized bed incinerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1189887A CN1189887A CN 97190442 CN97190442A CN1189887A CN 1189887 A CN1189887 A CN 1189887A CN 97190442 CN97190442 CN 97190442 CN 97190442 A CN97190442 A CN 97190442A CN 1189887 A CN1189887 A CN 1189887A
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Abstract
In order to circulatingly move a fluidized bed material S on a substantially horizontal plane without providing a partition and to carry out a slow combustion at a low fluidization velocity, especially in a dry thermal decomposition zone, an inclined bed wall (6) of an incinerator body (1) is extended from the side of a charge port (4) in the downward direction to the lower side of an ash discharge port, and the portions of left and right side walls (1c, 1d) which are on the side of the charge port (4) of the incinerator body (1) are formed as inclined side walls (24R, 24L) the upper portions of which are inclined toward a central portion of the incinerator body so as to guide the fluidized bed material S blown up from side fluidized beds RS, LS to a central fluidized bed CS, whereby the fluidized bed material S is circulatingly moved from the central fluidized bed CS on the side of the charge port (4) to the central fluidized bed CS on the side of the ash discharge port (5), side fluidized beds RS, LS on the side of the ash discharge port (5), side fluidized beds RS, LS on the side of the charge port (4) and central fluidized bed CS on the side of the charge port (4) in the mentioned order by the distribution air ejected from distribution air pipes (21A, 21B, 25).
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to the fluidized bed incinerator that burns in the input fluid beds such as municipal refuse and trade waste.
The background of invention technology
Present inventors etc. are willing in flat 5-225269 number (Japanese patent gazette spy opens flat 7-83424 number) the spy, a kind of fluidized bed incinerator has been proposed, this incinerator can solve because of put in the fluid bed material that constitutes by mobile medium such as silica sand and unburned refuse, burning ash by the problems of burning rapidly and causing of incinerated matter.
In this fluidized bed incinerator,, stand and establishing a pair of partition wall, the combustion chamber broad ways is divided into 3 parts from being extended by incinerated matter input port side direction ash discharge oral-lateral in bed surface both sides, the combustion chamber of furnace body.Like this, fluidized bed is divided into central flows layer and left and right sides fluidized bed.Disposing the bleed pipe of liquidation air respectively in the bottom of each fluidized bed, by the speed of control, make the fluid bed material according near input port central flows layer → near outlet central flows layer → near outlet sidepiece fluidized bed → flow near the sequential loop of input port sidepiece fluidized bed from the dispersion air of the bleed pipe of each fluidized bed ejection.
According to above-mentioned structure, make to be put to being reduced of close input port central flows layer by the incinerated matter flowing velocity, make its smoulder, realize stable burning, and can suppress the generation of carbon monoxide, bioxin.
But there is following problem in above-mentioned fluidized bed incinerator.
1.. in order to improve hear resistance and durability, partition wall is provided with the water-cooled partition wall of water pipe in being, so the thickness of partition wall is big, makes the bed surface of central flows layer narrow, and it is long-pending to effectively utilize bed surface.In addition, complex structure, installation cost height.
2.. when the floor height of fluidized bed changed, the relation of fluid bed material and partition wall height changed, and the circulation instability of fluid bed must control floor height and flowing velocity.
3.. to widen in order making near the bed surface of inlet central flows layer, to narrow down at textural its area near inlet sidepiece fluidized bed, the outlet space on partition wall top narrows down.Therefore,, must the fluid bed material be splashed to the top, can not reduce the flowing velocity of fluid bed therebetween with high flow rate for from carrying the fluid bed material to close inlet central flows layer near inlet sidepiece fluidized bed.Therefore, it is limited making the flowing velocity reduction of the fluid bed material of central flows layer.
4.. near inlet sidepiece fluidized bed with near inlet central flows layer, because it is topped to be guided the low circular arc roof of fluid bed material, so, the burning radiation heat of decomposes gas etc. not.Thereby the thermal efficiency reduces, and is suppressed lowly excessively near inlet central flows layer and the close temperature that exports the central flows layer.
The summary of the invention summary
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fluidized bed incinerator, in this fluidized bed incinerator, cancelled partition wall, can realize the low speed circulation of fluid bed material, can effectively utilize bed surface, make by incinerated matter and burn lentamente, and fluidized bed is heated up.
To achieve these goals, garbage incinerating system of the present invention is a fluidized bed incinerator, furnace body is formed with combustion chamber and melting chamber space, and mounting the fluid bed material on the bed surface of furnace body, and the dispersion air that sprays from the bed surface side flows the medium that flow and the formation fluidized bed; It is characterized in that having:
Be formed on the furnace body antetheca by the input port of incinerated matter;
Be formed on the furnace body rear lower portion by the ash discharging hole of incinerated matter;
Width in the combustion chamber is divided into central portion fluidized bed, left side fluidized bed and the right side fluidized bed of three parts;
Be configured in respectively on the bed surface corresponding with central portion fluidized bed and left and right sides sidepiece fluidized bed, the dispersion air feed mechanism of ejection dispersion air;
The tilt table wall that be formed at the bed surface of furnace body, one side direction ash discharging hole, one side-lower tilts from the input port;
Be formed at respectively on the input oral-lateral left and right sides wall of furnace body, for will from the sidepiece fluidized bed blown up by the fluid bed material guiding central portion fluidized bed that flows medium and constituted by incinerated matter from the bottom to top the sides tapered wall towards central sides tapered;
The melting chamber space that is communicated with space between the inclined wall of above-mentioned both sides;
From the dispersion air of dispersion air feed mechanism ejection make the fluid bed material according to: the sequential loop of central portion fluidized bed of sidepiece fluidized bed → input oral-lateral of sidepiece fluidized bed → input oral-lateral of central portion fluidized bed → ash discharge oral-lateral that drops into the central portion fluidized bed → ash discharge oral-lateral of oral-lateral moves.
According to this structure, there is not partition wall of the prior art, with the dispersion air feed mechanism fluid bed is flowed, with tilt table wall and sides tapered wall guiding fluid bed material, the fluid bed material is moved in horizontal plane cocycle slightly, so, can the fluid bed material successfully be flowed with speed slowly, make by incinerated matter and burn lentamente, realize stable burning.In addition, can suppress the generation of carbon monoxide, bioxin.Owing to partition wall is not set, so can effectively utilize the bed surface of combustion chamber.In addition, because it is not topped by low top board wall to drop into the fluidized bed of oral-lateral, so, directly be subjected to the radiant heat of burning gases and heated effectively, improve the thermal efficiency of whole fluidized bed.
In above-mentioned structure,, on the furnace body rear wall, form the rear portion inclined wall that tilts towards the place ahead to top from the bottom for the fluid bed material guiding the place ahead of sending up from the fluidized bed of ash discharge oral-lateral.
According to this structure, because the rear portion inclined wall promotes flowing of fluid bed material toe lateral, so, when the fore-and-aft direction length of bed surface is long, can promote liquidation effectively.
In above-mentioned structure, have be provided on the furnace body, to the bottom in melting chamber space spray into second-time burning with the auxiliary air nozzle of air and be provided in this auxiliary air nozzle top, spray into the tertiary air nozzle of three combustion airs to the melting chamber space, make the burning gases secondary firing.
According to this structure, the secondary firing of burning gases can reduce CO, NO
X
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the whole skiagraph of expression one embodiment of the invention fluidized bed incinerator.
Fig. 2 is the plane sectional drawing of fluidized bed incinerator shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 be fluidized bed incinerator shown in Figure 1 want portion's side sectional drawing.
Fig. 4 is the I-I line sectional drawing among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 (a) is the amplification side sectional drawing of the inclination furnace wall of expression fluidized bed incinerator shown in Figure 1.Fig. 5 (b) is the plane sectional drawing that expression is located at the tilt table dispersion air pipe on the inclination furnace wall.
Embodiment
The embodiment of fluidized bed incinerator of the present invention is described below with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, furnace body 1 is slightly square section, be formed with combustion chamber 2 and with its continuous melting chamber space 3, top.Forming by incinerated matter on the antetheca 1a of furnace body 1 is the input port 4 of rubbish, forms ash discharging hole 5 in the bottom of rear wall 1b.Keep the furnace bottom of the combustion chamber 2 of fluid bed material S, constitute by tilt table wall 6 and dispersion pipe bed portion 7.4 one sides form and to be caused by low liquidation speed and lowly to mix and become dry heat resolver (the being also referred to as soft bed) A that the smoulder of low temperature is used that dispersion pipe bed portion 7 forms combustion zone (being also referred to as main bed) B at the upper side of ash discharging hole 5 tilt table wall 6 in the input port.2 width is divided into central portion fluidized bed CS and left and right sides sidepiece fluidized bed RS, LS to the fluidized bed of dry heat resolver A and combustion zone B in the combustion chamber.
Ash discharging hole 5 be provided with can will flow medium be silica sand (hereinafter referred to as sand) and burn the fluid bed material discharger 8 that ash is discharged quantitatively, the sand that is discharged from and burn ash and delivers to grading plant 10, sand and burn grey and incombustible is separated from spiral material conveyer 9.Sand is transplanted on input port 4 by sand EGR 11 circularly by sand circulation nozzle 12.
On the antetheca 1a and rear wall 1b corresponding, disposing the auxiliary air nozzle 13 that is used to supply with secondary combustion air respectively with the bottom in melting chamber space 3.Top at the auxiliary air nozzle 13 of rear wall 1b is disposing the tertiary air nozzle 14 that is used to supply with three combustion airs, makes the burning gases secondary firing, to reduce CO, NO
XThe 15th, spray into the siege cooling water atomizer aperture of cooling water to dry heat resolver A from antetheca 1a.The 16th, spray into the furnace roof cooling water atomizer aperture of cooling water from last direction melting chamber space 3.In addition, also setting the combustion-supporting spray gun that figure does not show.
The fore-and-aft direction length of tilt table wall 6 and decomposition pipe furnace bed 7 is established tilt table wall 6 as shown in Figure 3 for m, when dispersion pipe siege 7 is M, is set in the scope of m＜M≤1.5 * m.Tilt table wall 6 tilts with the inclination angle more than 15 ° to lower rear from antetheca 1a, and the fluid bed material S that mobile medium and unburned refuse, burning ash etc. are constituted successfully flows to combustion zone B from dry heat resolver A.In addition, on the surface of tilt table wall 6, be provided with top rake bed dispersion air pipe 21A and rear-inclined bed dispersion air pipe 21B along incline direction in front and back position, and disposing at certain intervals at width as the dispersion air feed mechanism.These tilt forward and back bed dispersion air pipe 21A, a 21B and are connected the supply dispersion air by communicating pipe 23A, 23B with bellows 22A, 22B with the dispersion of the outside, bottom that is provided in furnace body 1 respectively.
As Fig. 5 (a) (b) shown in, above-mentioned tilt table dispersion air pipe 21A, 21B are wearing the dispersion air hole 21a of a plurality of inclinations at certain intervals in its both sides, the inclination angle of these dispersion air holes 21a is 20 °～40 °.Dispersion air towards the combustion zone B injection of skew back below in the wings, can make fluid bed material S flow from dry heat resolver A towards combustion zone B from these dispersion air holes 21a.Tilt table dispersion air pipe 21A, the 21B corresponding with central portion fluidized bed CS and with the corresponding tilt table dispersion air pipe 21A of left and right sides sidepiece fluidized bed RS, LS, the spouting velocity that 21B can control dispersion air respectively.In addition, these tilt table dispersion air pipes 21A, 21B are owing to be formed with dispersion air hole 21a in the side, so, do not resemble the dispersion plate that is formed with the dispersion air hole is used for siege portion incinerator, prevent that the intrusion that fluid bed material S invades the dispersion air hole from preventing that parts from protruding in surperficial situation, so, do not hinder flowing of fluid bed material S.
As shown in Figure 4, on the left and right sides of dry heat resolver A sidewall 1c, 1d, form the abrasion performance sides tapered wall 24R, the 24L that tilt towards center side to top from the bottom respectively, this inclined wall 24R, 24L stretch out to center side with 1/4～1/8 overhang Wb with respect to combustion chamber 2 width W a, will send toward central portion fluidized bed CS side from the left and right sides sidepiece fluidized bed RS of dry heat resolver A (input port one side) side, the fluid bed material S that RL is blown up.
Fluid bed material S is sprayed by the highland by this sides tapered wall 24R, 24L, this fluid bed material S preferably drops on the central portion fluidized bed CS as the elephanta, rubbish is pushed in the fluid bed material S, and flowing of this fluid bed material S had better not promote the mixing of central portion fluidized bed CS to stir from laterally directly pushing central portion fluidized bed CS.In addition and since fluid bed material S during from the refractory body of oblique collision sides tapered wall 24R, 24L abrasion few, so overhang Wb is after a little while, be rich in durability.Therefore, in the flowing velocity scope that not too improves fluid bed material S, preferably design the inclination angle of sides tapered wall 23R, 24L more slow.
Forming the dispersion pipe bed portion 7 of combustion zone B, is to dispose and form separating certain intervals ground along fore-and-aft direction as the independent dispersion pipe 25 of the width of dispersion air feed mechanism in horizontal plane.Like this, allow that the fluid bed material S that contains incombustible and ash passes through, the dispersion air that ejects from the dispersion air hole that is formed at the side makes fluid bed material S liquidation simultaneously.
Form the rear portion inclined wall 26 of abrasion performance on the rear wall 1b of combustion zone B side, the front end of this rear portion inclined wall 26 forwards stretches out with the overhang Wc identical approximately with sides tapered wall 24R, 24L, and tilts towards center side to top from the bottom.The fluid bed material S guiding the place ahead that relies on this rear portion inclined wall 26 to make to blow up from left and right sides sidepiece fluidized bed material RS, LS and the central portion fluidized bed CS of combustion zone B (ash discharging hole one side) side also makes its circulation.Especially under the long situation of the fore-and-aft direction length of combustion chamber 2, can promote the liquidation of fluid bed material S effectively.
In the above-mentioned structure, after rubbish is put in the combustion chamber 2 from input port 4, in dry heat resolver A fluid bed material S topped and Hybrid Heating, drying and thermal decomposition by rubbish.Melting chamber space 3 burnings up of the gas of thermal decomposition, dependence radiant heat at this moment is to the fluid bed material S and the rubbish heating of dry heat resolver.Rubbish is sent to combustion zone B burning with fluid bed material S.After falling between the independent dispersion pipe 25 of its combustion ash by dispersion pipe bed portion 7, discharge from ash discharging hole 5 by fluid bed material discharger 8.Here be separated into by grading plant 10 and burn ash and sand, sand is dropped into combustion chamber 2 once more by sand EGR 11 and sand circulation nozzle 12.
The second-time burning air burning that burning gases are sprayed into from auxiliary air nozzle 13 in melting chamber space 3, three combustion air completing combustions that sprayed into from tertiary air nozzle 14 again.Can reduce CO and NO in the exhaust by this secondary firing
X
When this burns, because the effect of tilt table wall 6 and tilt table dispersion air pipe 21A, 21B and sides tapered wall 24R, 24L, fluid bed material S as shown by arrows according to: the order of the central portion fluidized bed CS of the sidepiece fluidized bed RS of central portion fluidized bed CS → ash discharging hole 5 sides of central portion fluidized bed CS → ash discharging hole 5 sides of input port 4 sides, the sidepiece fluidized bed RS of LS → input port 4 sides, LS → input port 4 sides is in about horizontal plane cocycle, combustion chamber 2 remains in impartial temperature, the mixing of fluid bed material S is promoted, burning effectively.At this moment, in order to realize that fully circulation is moved, also the dispersion air speed (for example being 0.6m/s) that can be controlled to be than other tilt table dispersion air pipe 21A, 21B according to fired state, the speed (for example being 1.5m/s) from the dispersion air of tilt table dispersion air pipe 21A, the 21B ejection corresponding with sidepiece fluidized bed RS, LS is fast below 3 times.
The foregoing description has following effect:
1.. partition wall such in the prior art is not set, makes fluid bed material S circulation, so it is long-pending to effectively utilize the bed surface of combustion chamber 2.
2.. sides tapered wall 24R, 24L do not resemble when partition wall is set both sides be heated, so, can adopt common refractory body to be castable lining etc., no problem aspect durability.
3.. because sides tapered wall 24R, 24L form from lower position, so, even changing, floor height also seldom influences flowing, circulating of fluid bed material S, even dispersion air speed also can fully make fluid bed material S flow upward slowly, it is successfully circulated to input port 4 side central portion fluidized bed CS.
When out-of-level circulation, when making central portion fluidized bed CS be slow flowing velocity, though the energy smoulder, burning velocity is slow, and the siege load diminishes, and when the situation of Large Furnace, can produce the problem that unburning material mixes with the fluid bed material S that flows out down from siege.
But, in the present embodiment, final combustion residue can be moved to combustion zone B with horizontal cyclic, make its burning, so, carry out normal stable smoulder at central portion fluidized bed CS.Therefore, the flowing velocity of the fluid bed material S in the A of dry heat resolver that can slow down reduces variation in combustion with burning slowly, can suppress CO with the generation of bioxin.
4.. sides tapered wall 24R, 24L make the top of dry heat resolver A open and continuous with melting chamber space 3, so, can utilize the burning radiation heat heated fluidized bed material S effectively in the melting chamber space 3.
Claims (3)
1. fluidized bed incinerator, furnace body (1) be formed with combustion chamber (2) and with its continuous melting chamber space (3), top, mounting fluid bed material (S) on the bed surface of furnace body (1), by the dispersion air from the ejection of bed surface side fluid bed material S is flowed and forms fluidized bed; It is characterized in that having:
Be formed on the antetheca (1a) of furnace body (1) by the input port of incinerated matter (4);
Be formed on furnace body (1) rear lower portion by the ash discharging hole of incinerated matter (5);
The tripartite central portion fluidized bed of the width of (2) (CS), left side fluidized bed (LS) and right side fluidized bed (RS) in the combustion chamber;
Be configured in respectively on the bed surface corresponding with central portion fluidized bed (CS) and left and right sides sidepiece fluidized bed (LS, RS), the dispersion air feed mechanism (21A, 21B, 25) of ejection dispersion air;
The tilt table wall (6) that be formed at the bed surface of furnace body (1), (4) one side direction ash discharging holes (5) one side-lowers tilts from the input port;
The side left and right sides, input port (4) sidewall (1c, 1d) that is formed at furnace body (1) respectively goes up, for fluid bed material (S) the guiding central portion fluidized bed (CS) that will be blown up from sidepiece fluidized bed (LS, RS), from the bottom to top the sides tapered wall (24R, 24L) towards central sides tapered;
By the dispersion air from dispersion air feed mechanism (21A, 21B, 25) ejection make fluid bed material (S) according to: the sequential loop of the central portion fluidized bed (CS) of the sidepiece fluidized bed (RS, LS) of the sidepiece fluidized bed (RS, LS) of the central portion fluidized bed (CS) of the central portion fluidized bed (CS) of input port (4) side → ash discharging hole (5) side → ash discharging hole (5) side → input port (4) side → input port (4) side moves.
2. fluidized bed incinerator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, be formed with the rear portion inclined wall (26) that tilts towards the place ahead to top from the bottom on the rear wall (1b) of furnace body (1), this rear portion inclined wall (26) will be from fluid bed material (S) guiding the place ahead that ash discharging hole (5) side flow layer is blown up.
3. fluidized bed incinerator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, have be provided in furnace body (1) go up, to the bottom of melting chamber space (3) spray into second-time burning with the auxiliary air nozzle (13) of air and be provided in this auxiliary air nozzle (13) top, spray into the tertiary air nozzle (14) of three combustion airs to melting chamber space (3), make the burning gases secondary firing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97190442 CN1189887A (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1996-05-03 | Fluidized bed incinerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP105966/96 | 1996-04-26 | ||
| CN 97190442 CN1189887A (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1996-05-03 | Fluidized bed incinerator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1189887A true CN1189887A (en) | 1998-08-05 |
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ID=5178750
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97190442 Pending CN1189887A (en) | 1996-04-26 | 1996-05-03 | Fluidized bed incinerator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1189887A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102216686A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2011-10-12 | 艾森曼股份公司 | Method for operating a system for producing bioethanol |
| CN108358407A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-03 | 常州德诚环境科技有限公司 | PTA oxidation residuas and comprehensive utilization of mud system and method |
-
1996
- 1996-05-03 CN CN 97190442 patent/CN1189887A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102216686A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2011-10-12 | 艾森曼股份公司 | Method for operating a system for producing bioethanol |
| CN108358407A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-03 | 常州德诚环境科技有限公司 | PTA oxidation residuas and comprehensive utilization of mud system and method |
| CN108358407B (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2021-08-31 | 常州德诚环境科技有限公司 | PTA oxidation residue and sludge comprehensive utilization system and method |
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