CN1188567C - Tension member for elevator - Google Patents
Tension member for elevator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1188567C CN1188567C CNB008118310A CN00811831A CN1188567C CN 1188567 C CN1188567 C CN 1188567C CN B008118310 A CNB008118310 A CN B008118310A CN 00811831 A CN00811831 A CN 00811831A CN 1188567 C CN1188567 C CN 1188567C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tension member
- steel
- loading
- gondola
- organic fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/005—Composite ropes, i.e. ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material and metal wires
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/22—Flat or flat-sided ropes; Sets of ropes consisting of a series of parallel ropes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/2087—Jackets or coverings being of the coated type
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2501/00—Application field
- D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
- D07B2501/2007—Elevators
Abstract
A hybrid material tension member (22) for an elevator or other people transportation system (12) using organic fiber (30) and steel material (28) as the load carrying components either discretely or in combined form. Several embodiments are disclosed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to elevator device, more specifically, relate to the tension member of this class elevator device.
Background of invention
Conventional tractor elevator system comprises that gondola, balancing weight, two or many connect gondola and the hawser of balancing weight, the hauling block of mobile hawser and the machinery that hauling block is rotated.Hawser is to be made by the steel wire of stranded or twisted, and pulley is made by cast iron.Machinery can be gear-driven, and is also can right and wrong gear-driven.Gear-driven machinery allows the higher motor of operating speed, and this motor is compact, and price is lower, but needs extra maintenance and space.
Though proved that conventional circular steel hawser and cast iron pulley are very reliable, and be that cost is effective that their use is had some restrictions.One of these restrictions are the tractive force between hawser and the pulley.Increase the cornerite of hawser or on pulley, open some grooves, can improve these tractive force.Yet owing to increase the result of wearing and tearing (cornerite) or increase hawser pressure (fluting), these two kinds of technology have all reduced the durability of hawser.Improving the another kind of method of tractive force, is to use the lining of being made by synthetic material in the groove of pulley.Lining can increase the coefficient of friction between hawser and the pulley, and simultaneously the wearing and tearing of hawser and pulley is reduced to minimum.
Another restriction to use circular steel hawser is the flexible and fatigue properties of round wire rope.Every steel wire rope of the safety standard requirements of elevator has minimum diameter d (to CEN (European standard coordination board), d now
Minimum=8mm is to ANSI (American National Standards Institute), d
MinimumThe D/d ratio of=9.5mm (3/8 ")) and tractor elevator is more than or equal to 40 (D/d 〉=40), and wherein D is the diameter of pulley.This makes diameter of pulley D be 320mm (is 380mm to ANSI) at least.Diameter of pulley D is big more, and the moment of required driving elevator device machinery is also big more.
Another shortcoming of conventional circular hawser is that the pressure of hawser is big more, and the life-span of hawser is just short more.When hawser on pulley by the time produce the pressure (P of hawser
Hawser), the pressure of hawser is directly proportional with tension force (F) in the hawser, with diameter of pulley D and the cable diameter d (P that is inversely proportional to
Hawser≈ F/ (D/d).In addition, the shape of pulley groove increases the technology of tractive force comprising slotting and so on and also can improve the maximum hawser pressure that hawser bears on pulley.
Although existing above-mentioned technology, scientists and engineers but still carry out work under applicant's assignee's guidance, and exploitation drives the more effective and more durable method and apparatus of elevator device.
Disclosure of the present invention
According to the present invention, the flakiness ratio of elevator tension member (aspect ratio) is greater than 1, and the flakiness ratio here is defined as the width w of tension member and the ratio of thickness t (flakiness ratio=w/t).
Key property of the present invention is that tension member has flat property.The increase of flakiness ratio can make tension member have the mating surface that is limited by width dimensions, makes the distribution optimization of hawser pressure.Therefore, make the interior maximum pressure minimum of tension member.In addition, by increasing flakiness ratio (equal with respect to flakiness ratio 1 circular hawser), can when keeping the tension member cross-sectional area constant, reduce the thickness of tension member.
According to the present invention, tension member also comprises many independent loading rope, strand and/or steel wires that are contained in the public clad.Clad separates each rope, strand and/or steel wire, and the boundary defines the mating surface of engagement hauling block.
Because the structure of tension member, the pressure of hawser can distribute on whole tension member more equably.Therefore, compare, reduced the maximum pressure of hawser significantly with conventional cable type elevator with same loading capacity.And, for identical loading capacity, reduced the effective diameter ' d ' (on bending direction, measuring) of hawser.Therefore, under the situation that does not reduce the D/d ratio, can obtain less diameter of pulley ' D ' value.In addition, diameter of pulley D being reduced to minimum can use lower, the compact more high-speed motor of price as driving device under the situation that does not need gear-box.
Rope in the tension member of the present invention, strand and/or steel wire preferably adopt the multiple combining form of steel and organic fiber.These two kinds of materials can be safeguarded respectively, and comprise extraordinary steel cable and organic fiber rope in public shell; These two kinds of combinations of materials can be become a rope, have many these ropes to be dispersed in the public shell; In public shell, a kind of in these materials is arranged in order be enclosed in alternative around; Organic fiber can irregularly be dispersed in the public shell, and steel cable also can be dispersed in the public shell.
The combination that each is mentioned all forms a kind of hybrid flexible flat tension member, and this member has unexistent intensity and advantage in the flat tension member of the flat tension member of steel cable or organic fiber.Every kind of material all has advantage separately, and the advantage of steel comprises: have the nondestructive test performance; The heat resistance height; Low with tensile property.The advantage of organic fiber comprises: in light weight, and the intensity height; Insensitive to corroding.When reality adopts steel and organic fiber to make tension member, share under the situation of loading at these two kinds of materials, can make the tension member that performance significantly improves.The invention provides several embodiments, each embodiment is all shared loading by these two kinds of materials, need consider the loading capacity of every kind of material when sharing loading; Every kind of long-term bending fatigue resistance of material; The stability of the tensile property of every kind of material and the belt track when reaching this synergy.
From following detailed description, can find out aforesaid and other purpose, characteristic and the advantage of the present invention significantly to typical embodiments shown in the accompanying drawing of the present invention.
The accompanying drawing summary
Referring now to accompanying drawing,, in several accompanying drawings, the numbering of same parts is identical:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view with elevator device of towing gear, comprises tension member of the present invention in transmission device;
Fig. 2 is the cross sectional representation of first embodiment of hybrid flexible flat tension member of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the cross sectional representation of second embodiment of hybrid flexible flat tension member of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the cross sectional representation of the 3rd embodiment of hybrid flexible flat tension member of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the cross sectional representation of the 4th embodiment of hybrid flexible flat tension member of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the elastic modelling quantity curve of tension member of the present invention; With
Fig. 7 is the intensity curve of tension member of the present invention.
Realize best mode of the present invention
Shown in Figure 1 is tractor elevator system 12.This elevator device 12 comprises gondola 14, balancing weight 16, towing gear 18 and machinery 20.Towing gear 18 comprises tension member 22 and the hauling block 24 that connects gondola 14 and balancing weight 16.Tension member 22 and pulley 24 engagements, so that the rotation of pulley 24 can mobile tension member 22, thus mobile gondola 14 and balancing weight 16.Machinery 20 and pulley 24 engagements rotate pulley 24.Though machinery 20 illustrates with gear-driven form, should be noted that this configuration just for illustrative purposes, can use the machinery of gear drive or non-geared drive in the present invention.
The invention provides the flexible flat tension member of hybrid material, this member has better performance than the flexible flat tension member of homogenous material.Should be noted that all possible mixture of loading material, all can not in the tension member of making, form synergy.On the contrary, but will carefully analyze the loading capacity of member, the balanced loading that applies between all kinds of loading materials is to obtain the trajectory stability of good performance and good tension member.
Referring to Fig. 2, first embodiment of hybrid flexible flat tension member of the present invention is shown with cross section.Tension member 22 comprises the shell 26 of public urethane or other polymeric material.Steel loading material is positioned at the zone that outpours with 28, and organic loading material then marks with 30.It will be understood by those of skill in the art that these loading materials are separated quite equably in the width range of tension member 22.Preferably make two steel cables arranged side by side 28, make balanced track arranged side by side at the middle position of tension member 22.In the both sides of tension member longitudinal centre line, symmetry is very important, has stable track to guarantee tension member on pulley.
Shown organic fiber 30 has the cross section bigger than steel cable 28, but and does not require so.On the contrary, problem is to need great rated weight and need which type of heat resistance, and similar parameter.Therefore, need carry out the mathematical computations that in those of ordinary skills' technical merit, can carry out, so that determine the organic fiber value that adopts and the steel cable amount of employing.Adopting these calculating is the loadings of sharing in order to ensure the various rope in the flat tension member, with advantage and the performance of utilizing every kind of rope.Importantly under any given loading that applies, the axial stiffness of tension member can make this rope of two types all share loading in the elastic response curve of tension member.Can select the stranded and structure of these two types of ropes, so that can share this loading.In order to obtain this effect, these ropes are originally unrestricted in size, number and (not being to the track) aspect that distributes, and also do not require the organic fiber rope and the steel cable that adopt similar number.Importantly, be at the required performance of tension member, the characteristic of balanced these two types of ropes is so that can reach these required performances.For desired each effect, all can adopt the method for more than one design ropes and size etc.Notice that in order to help the track of tension member, distribution is very important, to be dissimilar rope distribute along the longitudinal center line of tension member the distribution scheme of the suitable track that a kind of ratio is easier to realize equably.
The parameter of a preferred control is crooked, and is preferably not crooked before the organic rope bending for steel cable, so that can adopt the nondestructive test method to determine the globality of tension member.These class methods comprise resistance or magnetic flux bleed-through.
In another embodiment of the invention, referring to Fig. 3, each root rope of tension member 22 in fact all mixes.What drawn is the cross section of tension member, and organic fibrous material wherein is arranged in the annular region 32 around the steel core body 34.Though only the tension member that adopts different kind of material is shown, should be appreciated that and to adopt steel in annular region, and adopt organic fibrous material to make core body with a kind of mode.It is also understood that all ropes that adopt in embodiments, need not use identical core material.One or more rope can use steel as core body 34, and one or more other rope then can adopt organic fiber as core body 34.On planar annular and core body plane, the stranded and structure of each rope all can influence the performance of whole tension member, and this point must be considered.Those of ordinary skill in the art knows how to calculate the various possible stranded and structure that reaches whole tension member desired properties.For the position and the size of the rope that is adopted, also should consider to require elastomer to infiltrate the degree of single rope.When selected rope position relate to rope with restrict contact the time, then must consider wearing and tearing.In a kind of preferred construction of this embodiment, adopt " s " and " z " shape rope structure of similar number along the longitudinal center line of tension member.
In Fig. 4 of the present invention, another embodiment is shown.This figure is the enlarged drawing that has only two ropes 38, is used for illustrating the manufacture method of every rope.In this embodiment, every rope 38 for example is made up of 9 strands (8 strands round one) by several strands, and each strand in fact all mixes.Thigh 40 shown in the figure has organic silk 42 of central authorities and is trapped among its 8 strands of steel wires 44 on every side.Make 6 strands again round central authorities' thigh 46, mix rope 38 to make.The position that should be appreciated that steel wire 44 and organic fiber 42 can be changed.As in previous embodiment notice that embodiment must similarly be calculated hereto, the calculating of this class is all in the technical merit scope of ordinary skilled artisan.In addition, it is favourable adopting hybrid rope, because for specific purpose, the concrete manufacture method of rope can change.For example for a specific elevator device, when adopting the crown sheave (not shown), this system will adopt this tension member to improve track, make near or the loading of the rope that directly moves at the top substantially exceed other rope in the tension member.Can special this hybrid rope, to tackle higher loading.
Referring now to Fig. 5,, another embodiment of the invention is described.Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing that has only two ropes.Should be appreciated that this embodiment can comprise many ropes.In this embodiment, every steel cable 50 preferably has 7 steel wires, and these steel wires itself form 6 rhizospheres and one pattern, and steel cable 50 is not directly to mix rope.On the contrary, tension member 22 but mixes, because it comprises each organic fiber 52 in the public coating layer material 28 that surrounds these ropes.The orientation of optimum fiber 52 and the spindle parallel of tension member, and be distributed in the whole material 28.The rigidity of this embodiment steel cable 50 is regulated by the rigidity of steel wire, and organic fiber then forms their rigidity.With the same in aforesaid embodiment, the material 28 in this embodiment preferably is made up of polyurethane.
For all above-mentioned embodiments, can improve the elastic modelling quantity of tension member by increasing the wherein percentage by volume of used steel.Person of skill in the art will appreciate that the calculating of modulus is based on " mixture rule ", that is:
E
11=U
F1E
11f1+ V
F2E
11f2+ V
mE
mIn the formula:
E
11=vertical FFR modulus
E
11f1The longitudinal modulus of=fiber 1
E
11f2The longitudinal modulus of=fiber 2
E
m=matrix modulus
V
F1The percentage by volume of=fiber 1
V
F2The percentage by volume of=fiber 2
V
mThe percentage by volume of=matrix 3
In Fig. 6, can see the variation of the elastic modelling quantity of representing with curve.
In preferred embodiment, public clad with tension member, for example the function of steel/organic fiber (for example aramid fiber) content is shown in Fig. 7 to the calculating of the tensile strength of the present invention typical case tension member with curve form in the polyurethane clad, wherein steel/aramid fiber is to the percentage by volume of public coating layer material, remain on 60 volume %, but steel and aramid fiber relative percentage each other changes.
Accurate curve transition point is at 24% steel and 16% aramid fiber 29 among the figure.(for aramid fiber 49, this value changes).Preponderate from 24/16 intensity curve aramid fiber to the right, intensity curve steel is left preponderated.Steel lost efficacy under 2.0% strain, and aramid fiber lost efficacy under 3.6% strain.When steel is preponderated,, also can cause aramid fiber overload and inefficacy because the steel that strain causes lost efficacy.Yet when aramid fiber was preponderated, the inefficacy that steel takes place under 2.0% strain did not influence the inefficacy of aramid fiber, and aramid fiber still is maintained to 3.6% strain and just lost efficacy.
At transition point 24/16, after the quality decline of aramid fiber material, inefficacy or damaging, in tension member, steel still has enough intensity, for the elevator device operation use of adopting this tension member.In order to reach this effect, the different volumes percentage of rope material and coating layer material has following formula:
V
s〉=(σ
k/ σ
s) V
kV in the formula
sThe percentage by volume of=steel
V
kThe percentage by volume of=aramid fiber
σ
sThe tensile strength of=steel
σ
kThe tensile strength of=aramid fiber
Though illustrated and illustrated embodiment preferred, under the situation that does not depart from content of the present invention and scope, can carry out some improvement and conversion.Therefore, should be appreciated that adopting some examples is explanation the present invention, rather than restriction the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the gondola for elevator device provides the tension member of lifting force, comprising:
Loading member a plurality of steel and organic fiber; With
Coat the clad of described a plurality of loading members;
And the flakiness ratio of described tension member is greater than 1, and this flakiness ratio is defined as the cross-sectional width of tension member and the ratio of thickness.
2. the gondola for elevator device of claim 1 provides the tension member of lifting force, and wherein said a plurality of loading members comprise a plurality of steel loading members that separate and a plurality of organic fiber loading member that separates.
3. the gondola for elevator device of claim 1 provides the tension member of lifting force, and wherein said a plurality of loading members comprise the hybrid rope that some separate, and these hybrid ropes have steel and organic fibrous material.
4. the gondola for elevator device of claim 3 provides the tension member of lifting force, and wherein said rope comprises:
The core body of steel; With
The annular solid of organic fiber.
5. the gondola for elevator device of claim 3 provides the tension member of lifting force, and wherein said rope comprises:
The core body of organic fiber; With
The annular solid of steel.
6. the gondola for elevator device of claim 3 provides the tension member of lifting force, and wherein said rope comprises multiply, and these strands are made up of the mixing of steel wire and organic fiber again.
7. the gondola for elevator device of claim 3 provides the tension member of lifting force, and wherein said steel loading member is the form of many ropes separating, and described organic fiber loading member is dispersed in the described clad.
8. the gondola for elevator device of claim 7 provides the tension member of lifting force, wherein said organic fiber loading member, and its orientation is parallel with the longitudinal axis of tension member.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15087799P | 1999-08-26 | 1999-08-26 | |
US60/150877 | 1999-08-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1370251A CN1370251A (en) | 2002-09-18 |
CN1188567C true CN1188567C (en) | 2005-02-09 |
Family
ID=22536389
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB008118310A Expired - Lifetime CN1188567C (en) | 1999-08-26 | 2000-08-21 | Tension member for elevator |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1208265B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4832689B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100697742B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1188567C (en) |
BR (1) | BR0013514B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60015771T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2231242T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001014630A1 (en) |
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IL158256A (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2010-02-17 | Inventio Ag | Rope of synthetic fibre |
JP4220965B2 (en) * | 2002-11-12 | 2009-02-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Elevator rope and elevator equipment |
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US20150017436A1 (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2015-01-15 | Otis Elevator Company | Protective coating for cords |
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2000
- 2000-08-21 KR KR1020027001732A patent/KR100697742B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-21 JP JP2001518494A patent/JP4832689B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-08-21 EP EP00957636A patent/EP1208265B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-21 BR BRPI0013514-3A patent/BR0013514B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-21 CN CNB008118310A patent/CN1188567C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-21 DE DE60015771T patent/DE60015771T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-21 ES ES00957636T patent/ES2231242T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-21 WO PCT/US2000/022943 patent/WO2001014630A1/en active IP Right Grant
Cited By (5)
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CN103562111A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-02-05 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Elevator tension member |
US9550653B2 (en) | 2011-06-10 | 2017-01-24 | Otis Elevator Company | Elevator tension member |
CN103562111B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2017-12-08 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | elevator tension member |
CN103802927A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2014-05-21 | 戴卡特隆有限公司 | Anti-theft device and method for manufacturing such a device |
CN108726318A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-11-02 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | Elevator system belt with fabric tensional element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2001014630A1 (en) | 2001-03-01 |
CN1370251A (en) | 2002-09-18 |
KR20020027533A (en) | 2002-04-13 |
JP2003507286A (en) | 2003-02-25 |
KR100697742B1 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
DE60015771D1 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
BR0013514A (en) | 2002-05-07 |
ES2231242T3 (en) | 2005-05-16 |
JP4832689B2 (en) | 2011-12-07 |
EP1208265A1 (en) | 2002-05-29 |
EP1208265B1 (en) | 2004-11-10 |
BR0013514B1 (en) | 2011-11-01 |
DE60015771T2 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
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