CN1188158A - Method for preparing metal-base composite material reinforced by non-continuous ceramics reinforcing agent - Google Patents

Method for preparing metal-base composite material reinforced by non-continuous ceramics reinforcing agent Download PDF

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CN1188158A
CN1188158A CN97105014A CN97105014A CN1188158A CN 1188158 A CN1188158 A CN 1188158A CN 97105014 A CN97105014 A CN 97105014A CN 97105014 A CN97105014 A CN 97105014A CN 1188158 A CN1188158 A CN 1188158A
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toughener
metal
preparation
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base composites
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CN1091171C (en
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陈声琦
周延春
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a preparation method of metal-based composite material which is noncontinuously reinforced by ceramic reinforcing agent. It is characterized by that before preparation of metal-based composite material, a metal base coating is precoated on the noncontinuous reinforcing agent surface, the coating thickness is 20-100 micrometers, and the applicable metal base material can be selected from Ni-Cr-Al-Ti, Fe-Ni-C and Ni-Ti alloy and metals of Ni, Mo and Cu, and the reinforcing agent can be selected from TiC, WC, SiC and TiB2 particles or whiskers. Said invented product possesses good property, and cost is low.

Description

A kind of preparation method of non-continuous ceramics reinforcing agent enhanced metal-base composites
The present invention relates to the preparation of matrix material, a kind of preparation method with metallic coating ceramics reinforcing agent enhanced metal-base composites is provided especially.
Excellent properties such as high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant and high strength that metal-base composites has, high tenacity, be widely used in space flight, chemical industry, fields such as machinery, it combines high-temperature, the hardness of Plastic Deformation, toughness and stupalith, high-modulus, corrosion resistant advantage can be used under the working conditions of harshnesses such as high temperature, burn into wearing and tearing.But because complicated process of preparation and the high restriction of cost only are applied in limited field for a long time.With the development of reduction of toughener cost and composite material preparation process technology, the range of application of metal-base composites enlarges gradually.Space flight, the aviation field composite applications adopts continuous fibre enhanced height ratio strong metal based composites usually, excellent performance, but cost is higher and complex process, high temperature corrosion-resisting metal-base composites for industrial application, people are more interested to be that discontinuous toughener strengthens, toughness reinforcing matrix material, this is because discontinuous toughener cost is low on the one hand, it is simple that discontinuous on the other hand toughener strengthens metal-base composites preparation technology, can adopt extruding in addition, technology such as rolling is carried out secondary processing, in general, discontinuous toughener enhanced metal-base composites prepares with traditional powder metallurgical technique, be about to metallic matrix and toughener uniform mixing and prepare matrix material through the liquid phase sintering densification, ununiformity in the mixing process, toughener particle on the one hand will weaken, whisker combines with the interface of metallic matrix, influences the performance of coking property and material on the other hand.Crux problem in the therefore discontinuous toughener enhanced metal-base composites preparation, the one, the interface compatibility of toughener and matrix, another is the dispersing uniformity problem of ceramics reinforcing agent in metallic matrix.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of non-continuous ceramics reinforcing agent enhanced metal-base composites, its metal-base composites of preparing has more good performance, and cost improves few.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of metal-base composites, be applicable to discontinuous toughener enhanced metal-base composites, it is characterized in that: before the preparation metal-base composites, with prefabricated this metallic matrix coating in discontinuous toughener surface, coat-thickness is at 20~100 μ m; Metal matrix material applicatory is chosen as Ni-Cr-Al-Ti, Fe-Ni-C, Ni-Ti alloy, Ni, Mo, Cu metal, and toughener is chosen as TiC, WC, SiC, TiB 2Particle or whisker.For solving the compatibility problem between ceramic particle and matrix better, the metallic coating of good wettability is arranged all with toughener and metallic matrix simultaneously at toughener surface preparation one deck earlier before the prefabricated metal basal body coating layer.Toughener for conduction directly adopts electric plating method, prefabricated metal coating on toughener.For nonconducting toughener, at first form metallic membrane on the surface by electroless plating, form the film that needs with electrochemical plating then.This is another characteristics of the present invention to carry out pre-plating coating with electrochemical method on ceramic particle, whisker surface, chemical vapour deposition relatively, and physical gaseous phase deposition coating, electrochemical process has pollution-free and low cost, and the present invention has following several preferable selection:
1. metallic matrix is chosen as Ni-Cr-Al-Ti, Fe-Ni-C or Ni-Ti alloy, and toughener is chosen as TiC or WC plating Ni film, and the add-on of toughener accounts for 30~80% of cumulative volume.
2. metallic matrix is chosen as the Cu based composites, and toughener is chosen as SiC whisker, TiB 2, Mo particle plating Cu film, the toughener add-on accounts for 5~50% of cumulative volume.
3. metallic matrix is chosen as the Ni based composites, and toughener is chosen as SiC whisker plating Ni film, and the toughener add-on accounts for 30~70% of cumulative volume.
In a word, the present invention carries out precoated layer to solve the problem of interface compatibility and toughener dispersing uniformity with electrochemical method on ceramic particle, whisker surface, mechanical properties such as the density that obtains of metal-base composites such as coating enhancer enhanced Cu, Ni-Cr, intensity, hardness are all not high than equal volume fractional for the composite fortifier enhanced metal-base composites that has metallic coating that it obtained, and below by embodiment in detail the present invention are described in detail.
The preparation of embodiment 1 TiC-Ni-Cr-Ti-Al metal-base composites
1. the top coat of toughener TiC:
Adopt electrochemical method at TiC surface preplating Ni film
The sensitization of TiC particle surface and activating process:
1. sensitization: sensitization solvent:
SnCl 2·2H 2O 10~20(g)
Hcl 40~50ml (37% solution)
Water 1000ml
Room temperature 5~10 minutes
2. activation: activated solution
PdCl 2(Palladous chloride) 0.4~0.8 (g)
Hcl 10ml (30% solution)
Water 1000ml
Room temperature 5~10 minutes
3. Ni chemical plating solution:
Single nickel salt (NiSO 47H 2O) 20~25 grams per liters
Sodium hypophosphite (NaH 2Po 2H 2O) 15~20 grams per liters
Sodium-acetate NaC 2H 3O 210 grams per liters
Trisodium Citrate Na 3C 6H 3O 72H 2O 10 grams per liters
PH value 4.1~4.4
85~90 ℃ of humidity
Further adopt electro-plating method to prepare TiC/Ni film composite powder again after the TiC surface forms the Ni film: control Ni film thickness is at 20~100 μ m.
4. Ni electroplating bath solution
NiSO 47H 2O 250~300 grams per liters
NiCl 26H 2O 30~60 grams per liters
H 3BO 335~40 grams per liters
Sodium lauryl sulphate
C 12H 25SO 4Na 0.25~0.1 grams per liter
pH 3~4
45~60 ℃ of temperature
Current potential density 1~2.5A/dm 2
2. after obtaining TiC/Ni film composite powder, evenly at 980 ℃~1050 ℃ vacuum solid solution diffusions,, add a certain amount of activator (CrCl for strengthening the diffusibility of Cr with the Cr powder mixes 36H 2O, NH 4Cl, CrBr 36H 2O etc.) prepare TiC-NiCr composite powder with good interface structure, add Ti-Al through hot pressing, normal pressure burning method is prepared high performance TiC-NiCrTiAl matrix material, composition is: 50TiC, 26Ni, 22Cr, 1.5Ti, 0.5Al (volume parts) compared performance with the material that the end adds coating and is significantly improved.Performance relatively sees the following form.
Figure A9710501400051
Embodiment 2SiC whisker Cu based composites
The SiC whisker is the same with the TiC particle to be non-conductor, could use the electrochemical method plated film behind the employing activating surface, thereby obtains the compound whisker of SiC/Cu film,
1. sensitizing:
SnCl 2·2H 2O 10~20(g)
HCl 40~60ml (37% aqueous solution)
Water 1000ml
Room temperature 5~10 minutes
2. reactivation process
PdCl 2 0.5~0.8(g)
Hcl 10ml (37% solution)
Water 1000ml
Room temperature 5~10 minutes
3. Electroless Cu Plating:
First part: CuSO 45H 2O 30~50 (g)
KNaC 4H 4O 6·4H 2O?160~180(g)
NaOH 50(g)
Water 1000 (g)
Second section: HCHO 200~300ml (37%)
Mix two portions solution, at room temperature electroless plating is 5~10 minutes
4. electroplate the Cu film
CuSO 4·5H 2O 150~250(g)
H 2SO 4 45~110(g)
20~50 ℃ of temperature
Current density 1~3A/dm 2
Obtain SiC whisker/compound whisker of Cu film, preparation SiC whisker/Cu matrix material, its performance is higher than uncoated matrix material, and (the SiC whisker of 5% volume parts) sees the following form.
The end plated film adopts direct mechanical to mix and obtains
Example 3 TiB 2/ Cu based composites
TiB 2Plating Cu membrane method is with the SiC/Cu composite material preparation process, and its matrix material with the mechanically mixing powdered preparation is compared performance and is improved: (TiB 2Account for 50%)
The end plated film adopts direct mechanical to mix and obtains
The preparation of example 4.Cu/Mo matrix material
Cu adopts the mode of Direct Electroplating to carry out in the plating of Mo surface:
CuSo 45H 2O is 150~250 (g)
H 2SO 4 45~110(g)
20~50 ℃ of temperature
Current potential density 1~3A/dm 2
Can obtain the Cu plated film of required thickness and the Cu/Mo matrix material of mechanically mixing, performance is compared as follows: (Mo accounts for 60%)
Figure A9710501400081
The metal coating layer material of the black powder of example 5 stones
The electroplated Ni of powdered graphite, metallic membrane technologies such as Cu are as follows:
C/Cu film: with the Cu/Mo electroplating technology;
The C/Ni membrane process:
NiSO 47H 2O 250~300 grams per liters
NiCl 26H 2O 30~60 grams per liters
H 3BO 335~40 grams per liters
Sodium lauryl sulphate 0.25~0.1 grams per liter
(C 12H 25SO 4Na)
PH value 3~4
Temperature: 45~60 ℃
Current density: 1~2.5A/dm 2
Graphite/the Cu, the Ni film composite powder material that obtain are applied to inhale ripple filtering layer material, can increase substantially wave-absorbing effect.
Add the resonance absorbing peak that graphite/Cu film powder improves the multilayer cartridge of impedance filtering layer, the frequency span of basic reflectivity is wideer approximately one times than individual layer cartridge.

Claims (7)

1. the preparation method of a non-continuous ceramics reinforcing agent enhanced metal-base composites, be applicable to discontinuous toughener enhanced metal-base composites, it is characterized in that: before the preparation metal-base composites, with prefabricated this metallic matrix coating in discontinuous toughener surface, coat-thickness is at 20~100 μ m; Metal matrix material applicatory is chosen as Ni-Ce-Al-Ti, Fe-Ni-C, Ni-Ti alloy, Ni, Mo, Cu metal, and toughener is chosen as TiC, WC, SiC, TiB 2Particle or whisker.
2. by the preparation method of the described metal-base composites of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the metallic coating that good wettability is all arranged with toughener and metallic matrix at toughener surface preparation one deck earlier before the prefabricated metal basal body coating layer simultaneously.
3. by the preparation method of the described metal-base composites of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the toughener for conduction directly adopts electric plating method, prefabricated metal coating on toughener.
4. by the preparation method of the described metal-base composites of claim 1, it is characterized in that: for nonconducting toughener, at first form metallic membrane on the surface, and then form the film that needs with electrochemical plating by electroless plating.
5. press the preparation method of the described metal-base composites of claim 1, it is characterized in that: metallic matrix is chosen as Ni-Cr-Al-Ti, Fe-Ni-C or Ni-Ti alloy, toughener is chosen as TiC or WC plating Ni film, and the add-on of toughener accounts for 30~80% of cumulative volume.
6. by the preparation method of the described metal-base composites of claim 1, it is characterized in that: metallic matrix is chosen as the Cu based composites, and toughener is chosen as SiC whisker, TiB 2, Mo particle plating Cu film, the toughener add-on accounts for 5~50% of cumulative volume.
7. by the preparation method of the described metal-base composites of claim 1, it is characterized in that: metallic matrix is chosen as the Ni based composites, and toughener is chosen as SiC whisker plating Ni film, and the toughener add-on accounts for 30~70% of cumulative volume.
CN97105014A 1997-01-13 1997-01-13 Method for preparing metal-base composite material reinforced by non-continuous ceramics reinforcing agent Expired - Fee Related CN1091171C (en)

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CN100348778C (en) * 2005-09-22 2007-11-14 上海交通大学 Chemical copper plating process for the surface of SiC ceramic grain
CN101161374B (en) * 2007-11-27 2010-08-11 吉林大学 Reactant composition for preparing multiple phase confusion TiB2-TiC ceramic particle gradient enhancement metal-based complex material
CN102218857A (en) * 2011-05-27 2011-10-19 合肥金四达科技有限公司 Composite material coated with SiC-Fe based alloy layer and preparation method of composite material
CN101748306B (en) * 2008-12-02 2011-12-07 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 Multiphase ceramic hybrid composite reinforced metal matrix composite material and preparation process thereof
CN103556002A (en) * 2013-11-22 2014-02-05 中山市华工材料表面科技有限公司 High performance Ni-based alloy-TiB2 nanopowder as well as preparation method thereof
CN104451664A (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-03-25 湖北汽车工业学院 Preparation method for in-situ synthesized WC and Tic composite reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating
CN104805346A (en) * 2010-02-05 2015-07-29 伟尔矿物澳大利亚私人有限公司 Hard metal materials
CN105543535A (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-05-04 聊城大学 Al4SiC4 and Cr cooperative reinforcement net-shaped/globular copper material and preparation method
CN106583967A (en) * 2017-01-16 2017-04-26 武汉工程大学 TiH2-Ni-Cu-TiC composite welding flux as well as preparing method and application thereof
CN108034851A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-05-15 湖北工业大学 A kind of in-situ synthesizing TiC enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application
CN108085534A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-05-29 湖北工业大学 A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride titanium enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application
CN108103342A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-06-01 湖北工业大学 A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride chromium-zirconium boride complex phase ceramic enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application
CN108118178A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-06-05 湖北工业大学 A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride titanium-titanium carbide complex phase ceramic enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application
CN109280955A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-01-29 沈阳工学院 A kind of heat resistant and wear resistant MCrAlSiC composite coating

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CN100348778C (en) * 2005-09-22 2007-11-14 上海交通大学 Chemical copper plating process for the surface of SiC ceramic grain
CN101161374B (en) * 2007-11-27 2010-08-11 吉林大学 Reactant composition for preparing multiple phase confusion TiB2-TiC ceramic particle gradient enhancement metal-based complex material
CN101748306B (en) * 2008-12-02 2011-12-07 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 Multiphase ceramic hybrid composite reinforced metal matrix composite material and preparation process thereof
CN104805346A (en) * 2010-02-05 2015-07-29 伟尔矿物澳大利亚私人有限公司 Hard metal materials
CN102218857A (en) * 2011-05-27 2011-10-19 合肥金四达科技有限公司 Composite material coated with SiC-Fe based alloy layer and preparation method of composite material
CN102218857B (en) * 2011-05-27 2014-07-23 合肥金四达科技有限公司 Composite material coated with SiC-Fe based alloy layer and preparation method of composite material
CN103556002B (en) * 2013-11-22 2016-03-02 广东正德材料表面科技有限公司 High-performance Ni base alloy-TiB 2nanometer powder and preparation method thereof
CN103556002A (en) * 2013-11-22 2014-02-05 中山市华工材料表面科技有限公司 High performance Ni-based alloy-TiB2 nanopowder as well as preparation method thereof
CN104451664B (en) * 2014-11-27 2017-04-05 湖北汽车工业学院 The preparation method of in-situ authigenic WC+TiC composite strengthening iron-based wear-resistant coatings
CN104451664A (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-03-25 湖北汽车工业学院 Preparation method for in-situ synthesized WC and Tic composite reinforced iron-based wear-resistant coating
CN105543535A (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-05-04 聊城大学 Al4SiC4 and Cr cooperative reinforcement net-shaped/globular copper material and preparation method
CN105543535B (en) * 2015-12-18 2017-09-19 聊城大学 Al4SiC4With Cr cooperative reinforcings net/spherical copper product and preparation method
CN106583967A (en) * 2017-01-16 2017-04-26 武汉工程大学 TiH2-Ni-Cu-TiC composite welding flux as well as preparing method and application thereof
CN106583967B (en) * 2017-01-16 2018-12-14 武汉工程大学 A kind of TiH2- Ni-Cu+TiC composite solder and its preparation method and application
CN108034851A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-05-15 湖北工业大学 A kind of in-situ synthesizing TiC enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application
CN108085534A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-05-29 湖北工业大学 A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride titanium enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application
CN108103342A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-06-01 湖北工业大学 A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride chromium-zirconium boride complex phase ceramic enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application
CN108118178A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-06-05 湖北工业大学 A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride titanium-titanium carbide complex phase ceramic enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application
CN108103342B (en) * 2017-12-21 2019-07-16 湖北工业大学 A kind of in-situ synthesis of boride chromium-zirconium boride complex phase ceramic enhancing Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application
CN109280955A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-01-29 沈阳工学院 A kind of heat resistant and wear resistant MCrAlSiC composite coating

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