CN101058866A - Method for preparing Al-base composite material - Google Patents
Method for preparing Al-base composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101058866A CN101058866A CN 200710011417 CN200710011417A CN101058866A CN 101058866 A CN101058866 A CN 101058866A CN 200710011417 CN200710011417 CN 200710011417 CN 200710011417 A CN200710011417 A CN 200710011417A CN 101058866 A CN101058866 A CN 101058866A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a making method of aluminium-based composite material, which comprises the following steps: fusing the aluminium based alloy at 750 deg. c; adding the alloy into 0. 15-0. 35wt% CeO2 powder; stirring; alloying; insulating; adding reinforcer during insulating to stir; transmitting the material into vacuum furnace to degas; casting; making the aluminium based material; selecting carbon fiber as the base of reinforcer; metalizing the surface; setting the quantity of reinforcer as 3-5% as carbon fiber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metal-base composites technology of preparing, especially about adopting the technology of preparing for preparing aluminum matrix composite through the short carbon fiber of metalized.
Background technology
The preparation method of known short carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites has following several:
The powder metallurgic method powder metallurgic method is to be used to prepare one of main method that strengthens metal-base composites with the shaping discontinuous fiber.It is to utilize the powder metallurgy principle, with matrix metal powder and strongthener (whisker, staple fibre, particle etc.) in the ratio of design requirements mixing under suitable condition, and then pressed compact, sintering, shaping or directly carry out hot pressing, hot rolling, hot extrude and be shaped with compound, also compound pressed compact post-heating semi-solid-state shaping be can be carried out in the solid-liquid phase humidity province of matrix metal, thereby matrix material or its product obtained.Adopt powder method preparation and form metal based composites, its advantage is: the add-on of strongthener is easy to any adjustment, the volume fraction of wild phase and matrix composition all can accurately be controlled, its metallic matrix homogeneous microstructure of the material of formed thereby or product, the product dimensional precision is good, be easy to realize few cutting, do not have cutting, and the scope of molded article is wider.But, the material or the product that adopt this legal system be equipped with to be shaped, its compactness is relatively poor, in matrix and matrix and strongthener often have micro-hole at the interface, matrix combines not good enough with the strongthener interface.And, strongthener (mainly being fiber and whisker) subject to damage in forming process.Thereby its performance generally is not very good.In addition, the high pure metal powder is produced difficulty, costs an arm and a leg, and complex technical process also is one of shortcoming of this method.In order to improve the performance of powder method formed thereby material, often the blank of once-forming is carried out solid-state post forming as extruding etc.Do like this and certainly eliminate the defective in the matrix and strengthen matrix, but the extent of damage of also having aggravated fortifying fibre or whisker simultaneously, the technology cost also further improves thereupon.
Vacuum pressure infiltration method vacuum pressure infiltration method is the vacuum infiltration method again.This method is at first made precast body to wild phase, puts into the pressure-bearing casting mold then, and heating vacuumizes, and by the negative pressure that vacuum produces, makes liquid matrix metal melt infiltration in precast body and solidification forming, thereby obtains metal-base composites.There are defectives such as complex process, product are little in this method, and large-scale industrialization is produced the large-scale composite material goods and is not easy to realize.
Squeeze casting method extrusion casting moulding is the casting technique that liquid state or semi liquid state particles reiforced metal-base composition are full of casting mold under pressure and solidify.Be characterized in that in forming parts and process of setting, casting mold pressures partially or drift are in removable state, can make part crystallization and produce certain deformation under pressure, can obtain fine and closely woven tissue and higher mechanical property.When producing the matrix material squeeze casting, but remelting particle-reinforced aluminum, can be by the identical technological forming of common aluminum alloy, also the amplified medium prefabricated component can be put people's casting mold die cavity, pass through drift then directly with matrix alloy liquation pressurization (pressure is generally more than 100MPa), overcome wicking action friction resistance and impel liquation oozes people's prefabricated component to the wetting of pottery enhancing body hole to form composite parts, but the application of squeeze casting method is limited by part shape size and appointed condition largely, is mainly used in to make simple shape and the demanding compound casting of performance quality.
The known stirring casting method of stirring casting method, the process of preparation and form metal based composites and product is: earlier matrix metal is melted in stove, under liquid state or semi-solid state, stir, and add strongthener (staple fibre, whisker or particle etc.) while stirring, strongthener is uniformly distributed in the matrix metal, thereby prepares composite material sizing agent.Then, according to the needs of follow-up forming process, with the composite material sizing agent that matrix is in liquid state or semi-solid state cast, liquid forging, rolling or extrusion molding, thereby obtain metal-base composites or product.Plant preparation method with first three and compare, paddling process is simple to operate, production efficiency is high, cheap for manufacturing cost; Made matrix material ingot casting is after remelting, but precision casting, sand mold casting become the part of various complicated shapes, also can be squeezed into various section bars, tubing, rod and be rolled into sheet material, forge into part.But traditional stirring casting method prepares in the composite material, can form a large amount of pores in the matrix material, has a strong impact on performance of composites.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned weak point, a kind of preparation method who prepares aluminum matrix composite through the short carbon fiber of metalized that adopts is provided, this method is prepared the aluminum matrix composite that contains short carbon fiber reinforcements, can the refinement matrix grain, improve its mechanical property and corrosion resistance nature, and can improve the homogeneity of carbon fiber in aluminum substrate, and reduce the porosity of matrix material, improve its anti-fatigue performance.Make that pore significantly reduces in the matrix material, mechanical property improves greatly.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: comprise aluminum base alloy fusing, carbon fiber surface metallization pre-treatment, matrix alloyization, mix and step such as vacuum stripping.
Carbon fiber electroless copper or nickel plating technology or carbon fiber electrically copper facing or electronickelling technology are adopted in carbon fiber surface metallization pre-treatment.Wherein:
Carbon fiber chemical-copper-plating process condition is:
With copper sulfate is main salt, and formaldehyde is reductive agent, and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and Seignette salt are two complexing agents, 2,2 '-dipyridyl and yellow prussiate of potash are stablizer.This technology bath stability, the copper sedimentation velocity is fast, and production cost is low, and copper facing is respond well.This plating bath is to add in every premium on currency: CuSO
45H
2O 15～18g, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 20～25g, Seignette salt 15～20g, NaOH 10～15g, 2,2 '-dipyridyl 4～6mg, K
4Fe (CN)
614～16mg, analytically pure formaldehyde 15～20ml, plating time is 15～20min under the normal temperature.
Carbon fiber nickel chemical plating technology condition is: nickel plating solution is to add NiSO in every premium on currency
46H
2O 25～35g, NaH
2PO
2H
2O15～25g, Trisodium Citrate 25～35g, acetic acid receive 15～25g, and analytically pure lactic acid 15～25ml, chemical nickel-plating additive are 4.0～6.0ml, and pH is 4.0～6.0, and plating time is 15～25min, and bath temperature is 50～60 ℃.
The preparation method of chemical nickel-plating additive is: with water as solvent, take by weighing benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 3～8g, diethylhexyl sodium sulfate 1～3g adds wherein, is mixed with 1L solution, and electroless plating additive addition is 4～6ml/L in every liter of nickel plating solution.
The copper-plated electroplate liquid of carbon fiber electrically is to add CuSO in every premium on currency
45H
2O 200～250g, analytically pure sulfuric acid 45～50g, analytically pure hydrochloric acid 45～50mg, KNO
38～10g.Current density is 1.5～2.5A/dm
2, electroplating time is 8～10min.
Carbon fiber electrically nickel plating technology condition is: the electroplate liquid of electronickelling is to add NiSO in every premium on currency
46H
2O 300～400g, boric acid 35～45g, electronickelling additive are 40～60ml, current density 0.2～0.4A/dm
2, electroplating time 3～7min.
The preparation method of electronickelling additive is: with water as solvent, take by weighing NaCl 90～110g, benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 1～3g, sodium lauryl sulphate 1～3g, diethylin pentyne glycol 02～0.6g, add wherein, be mixed with 1L solution, electronickelling additive addition is 40～60ml in every liter of nickel plating solution.
The nickel plating of carbon fiber mixed chemical, process for copper condition are: at first use nickel chemical plating technology noted earlier to carbon fiber plating 6～8min, after cleaning up with deionized water, use chemical-copper-plating process noted earlier to nickel-coated carbon fibers plating 8～10min again.
Carbon fiber mixing electronickelling, process for copper condition are: at first use electronickelling technology noted earlier to carbon fiber plating 2～4min, after cleaning up with deionized water, use copper plating process noted earlier to nickel-coated carbon fibers plating 6～8min again.
Adopt carbon fiber nickel plating when strengthening body, matrix alloy metallization processes step is: after the metallic matrix aluminium alloy is melted 750 ℃ the time fully, add the analytical pure CeO of 0.15～0.35wt% of matrix alloy total amount
2Powder, and, make analytical pure CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2Be uniformly dispersed in aluminium alloy, stirring velocity is 950～1100r/min.
Adopt carbon fiber copper facing when strengthening body, matrix alloy metallization processes step is: calculate carbon fiber surface and be brought into copper amount in the alloy melt, reduce these copper amounts when the preparation matrix alloy from composition.The analytical pure CeO that adds 0.15～0.35wt% of matrix alloy total amount
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2Be uniformly dispersed in aluminium alloy, stirring velocity is 950～1100r/min.
Carbon fiber copper facing, nickel plating or nickel-plated and copper-plated mixing plating are cut system to it, and its length is 2～3mm.
Add nickel plating or copper facing, or mix with vacuum degassed technological parameter behind the ambrose alloy mixing plated carbon fiber and be:
Whipping temp: 720 ℃～800 ℃;
Churning time: 5～7min;
Stirring velocity: 900～1000r/min;
Vacuum oven temperature: 720 ℃～800 ℃;
Vacuum tightness: 0.01～0.03MPa;
The vacuum stripping time: 1.5～3.5min;
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by carbon fiber surface chemical nickel plating and electronickelling technology, carbon fiber is carried out surface metalation handle, improve carbon fiber wetting in aluminum substrate, in addition, in aluminum substrate, added the analytical pure CeO of 0.15～0.35wt%
2, not only can the refinement matrix grain, improve its mechanical property and corrosion resistance nature, and can improve the homogeneity of carbon fiber in aluminum substrate, reduce the porosity of matrix material, improve its anti-fatigue performance.By melt with after strengthening body and in crucible, being stirred, melt is put among the vacuum stripping stove, carry out vacuum stripping, though be to have increased the vacuum stripping operation one, make that pore significantly reduces in the matrix material, mechanical property improves greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an aluminum matrix composite preparation technology schema of the present invention
Embodiment
1, composite material preparation process embodiment
The 1-1 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.15wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder stirs with the mechanical stirring oar simultaneously, makes analytical pure CeO
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 3% then, through chemical nickel plating on surface 15min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 2mm, add in the alloy melt after matrix alloy is handled and stir, whipping temp is 720 ℃, churning time is 5min, stirring velocity is 900r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carries out vacuum stripping and handles, its vacuum oven temperature is 720 ℃, vacuum tightness is 0.01MPa, and vacuum stripping time 1.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-2 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.2wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder stirs with the mechanical stirring oar simultaneously, makes CeO
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 4% then, through chemical nickel plating on surface 20min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 2.5mm, add in the alloy melt after matrix alloy is handled and stir, whipping temp is 760 ℃, churning time is 6min, stirring velocity is 950r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carries out vacuum stripping and handles, its vacuum oven temperature is 760 ℃, vacuum tightness is 0.02MPa, and vacuum stripping time 2.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-3 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.35wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder stirs with the mechanical stirring oar simultaneously, makes CeO
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 5% then, through chemical nickel plating on surface 25min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 3mm, add in the alloy melt after matrix alloy is handled and stir, whipping temp is 800 ℃, churning time is 7min, stirring velocity is 1000r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carries out vacuum stripping and handles, its vacuum oven temperature is 800 ℃, vacuum tightness is 0.03MPa, and vacuum stripping time 3.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-4 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.15wt%CeO
2Powder stirs with the mechanical stirring oar simultaneously, makes CeO
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 3% then,, and make staple fibre through electroplating nickel on surface 3min; Staple length is 2mm, add in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 720 ℃, churning time is 5min, stirring velocity is 900r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carries out vacuum stripping and handles, its vacuum oven temperature is 720 ℃, vacuum tightness is 0.01MPa, and vacuum stripping time 1.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-5 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.2wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder stirs with the mechanical stirring oar simultaneously, makes CeO
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 4% then,, and make short carbon fiber through electroplating nickel on surface 5min; Staple length is 2.5mm, add in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 760 ℃, churning time is 6min, stirring velocity is 950r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carries out vacuum stripping and handles, its vacuum oven temperature is 760 ℃, vacuum tightness is 0.02MPa, and vacuum stripping time 2.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-6 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.35wt%CeO
2Powder stirs with the mechanical stirring oar simultaneously, makes CeO
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 5% then, through electroplating nickel on surface 7min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 3mm, add in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 800 ℃, and churning time is 7min, and stirring velocity is 1000r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 800 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.03MPa, vacuum stripping time 3.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-7 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.15wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 3% then, through Electroless copper 15min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 2mm, add in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 720 ℃, and churning time is 5min, and stirring velocity is 900r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 720 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.01MPa, vacuum stripping time 1.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-8 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.2wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder stirs with the mechanical stirring oar simultaneously, makes CeO
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 4% then, through Electroless copper 18min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 2.5mm, add in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 760 ℃, and churning time is 6min, and stirring velocity is 950r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 760 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.02MPa, vacuum stripping time 2.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-9 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.35wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder stirs with the mechanical stirring oar simultaneously, makes CeO
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 5% then, through Electroless copper 20min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 3mm, add in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 800 ℃, and churning time is 7min, and stirring velocity is 1000r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 800 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.03MPa, vacuum stripping time 3.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-10 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.15wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 3% then, through surface electrical copper facing 8min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 2mm, add in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 720 ℃, and churning time is 5min, and stirring velocity is 900r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 720 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.01MPa, vacuum stripping time 1.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-11 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.2wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 4% then, through surface electrical copper facing 9min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 2.5mm, add in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 760 ℃, and churning time is 6min, and stirring velocity is 950r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 760 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.02MPa, vacuum stripping time 2.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-12 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.35wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 5% then, through surface electrical copper facing 10min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 3mm, add in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 800 ℃, and churning time is 7min, and stirring velocity is 1000r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 800 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.03MPa, vacuum stripping time 3.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-13 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.15wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 3% then, through surperficial mixed chemical plating, chemical nickel plating 6min, electroless copper 8min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 2mm, adds in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 720 ℃, and churning time is 5min, and stirring velocity is 900r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 720 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.01MPa, vacuum stripping time 1.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-14 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.2wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 4% then, through surperficial mixed chemical plating, chemical nickel plating 7min, electroless copper 9min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 2.5mm, adds in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 760 ℃, and churning time is 6min, and stirring velocity is 950r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 760 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.02MPa, vacuum stripping time 2.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-15 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.35wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 5% then, through surperficial mixed chemical plating, chemical nickel plating 8min, electroless copper 10min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 3mm, adds in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 800 ℃, and churning time is 7min, and stirring velocity is 1000r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 800 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.03MPa, vacuum stripping time 3.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-16 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.15wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 3% then, through surface mixing electronickelling, electronickelling 2min, electro-coppering 6min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 2mm, adds in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 720 ℃, and churning time is 5min, and stirring velocity is 900r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 720 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.01MPa, vacuum stripping time 1.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-17 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.2wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 4% then, through surface mixing electronickelling, electronickelling 3min, electro-coppering 7min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 2.5mm, adds in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 760 ℃, and churning time is 6min, and stirring velocity is 950r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 760 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.02MPa, vacuum stripping time 2.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
The 1-18 example:
Select aluminum matrix alloy 800g, in the time of 750 ℃, after aluminium alloy melts fully, add 0.35wt% analytical pure CeO
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2In aluminium alloy, be uniformly dispersed.Get the carbon fiber of matrix alloy total amount 5% then, through surface mixing electronickelling, electronickelling 4min, electro-coppering 8min, and make short carbon fiber, staple length is 3mm, adds in the alloy after matrix alloy is handled, stir the preparation Composite Melt, whipping temp is 800 ℃, and churning time is 7min, and stirring velocity is 1000r/min, then Composite Melt is sent in the vacuum oven, carry out vacuum stripping and handle, its vacuum oven temperature is 800 ℃, and vacuum tightness is 0.03MPa, vacuum stripping time 3.5min can obtain short carbon fiber enhanced Al alloy composite.
2, carbon fiber chemical-copper-plating process embodiment
The 2-1 example
The chemical plating fluid composition is: CuSO
45H
2O 15g/L, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 20g/L, Seignette salt 15g/L, NaOH 10g/L, 2,2 '-dipyridyl 4mg/L, K
4Fe (CN)
614mg/L, analytically pure formaldehyde 15ml/L; Plating time is 15min under the normal temperature, can obtain the respond well copper carbon fiber of copper facing under these processing condition.
The 2-2 example
The chemical plating fluid composition is: CuSO
45H
2O 17g/L, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 22g/L, Seignette salt 18g/L, NaOH 14g/L, 2,2 '-dipyridyl 5mg/L, K
4Fe (CN)
615mg/L, analytically pure formaldehyde 18ml/L; Plating time is 18min under the normal temperature, can obtain the respond well copper carbon fiber of copper facing under these processing condition.
The 2-3 example
The chemical plating fluid composition is: CuSO
45H
2O 18g/L, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 25g/L, Seignette salt 20g/L, NaOH15g/L, 2,2 '-dipyridyl 6mg/L, K
4Fe (CN)
616mg/L, analytically pure formaldehyde 20ml/L; Plating time is 20min under the normal temperature, can obtain the respond well copper carbon fiber of copper facing under these processing condition.
3, carbon fiber electrically copper-plating technique embodiment
The 3-1 example
The copper-plated electroplate liquid of carbon fiber electrically consists of CuSO
45H
2O 200g/L, analytically pure sulfuric acid 45g/L, hydrochloric acid 45mg/L, KNO
38g/L.Current density is 1.5A/dm under the normal temperature
2, electroplating time is about 8min, can obtain the respond well electro-coppering carbon fiber of copper facing under these processing condition.
The 3-2 example
The copper-plated electroplate liquid of carbon fiber electrically consists of CuSO
45H
2O 230g/L, analytically pure sulfuric acid 48g/L, hydrochloric acid 46mg/L, KNO
39g/L.Current density is 2.0A/dm under the normal temperature
2, electroplating time is about 9min, can obtain the respond well electro-coppering carbon fiber of copper facing under these processing condition.
The 3-3 example
The copper-plated electroplate liquid of carbon fiber electrically consists of CuSO
45H
2O 250g/L, analytically pure sulfuric acid 50g/L, hydrochloric acid 50mg/L, KNO
310g/L.Current density is 2.5A/dm under the normal temperature
2, electroplating time is about 10min, can obtain the respond well electro-coppering carbon fiber of copper facing under these processing condition.
4, carbon fiber nickel chemical plating technology embodiment
The 4-1 example
Carbon fiber chemical nickel-plating plating solution composition is: NiSO
46H
2O 25g/L, NaH
2PO
2H
2O 15g/L, Trisodium Citrate 25g/L, acetic acid receive 15g/L, and lactic acid 15ml/L, chemical nickel-plating additive are 4.0ml/L, and pH is 4.0; Plating time is 15min, and bath temperature is 50 ℃, can obtain the respond well chemical nickel plating carbon fiber of nickel plating under these processing condition.
The 4-2 example
Carbon fiber chemical nickel-plating plating solution composition is: NiSO
46H
2O 30g/L, NaH
2PO
2H
2O 20g/L, Trisodium Citrate 30g/L, acetic acid receive 20g/L, and lactic acid 20ml/L, chemical nickel-plating additive are 5.0ml/L, and pH is 5.0; Plating time is 20min, and bath temperature is 55 ℃, can obtain the respond well chemical nickel plating carbon fiber of nickel plating under these processing condition.
The 4-3 example
Carbon fiber chemical nickel-plating plating solution composition is: NiSO
46H
2O 35g/L, NaH
2PO
2H
2O 25g/L, Trisodium Citrate 35g/L, acetic acid receive 25g/L, and lactic acid 25ml/L, chemical nickel-plating additive are 6.0ml/L, and pH is 6.0; Plating time is 25min, and bath temperature is 60 ℃, can obtain the respond well chemical nickel plating carbon fiber of nickel plating under these processing condition.
5, chemical nickel-plating additive embodiment
The 5-1 example
The preparation method of chemical nickel-plating additive is: with water is solvent, takes by weighing benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 3g, and diethylhexyl sodium sulfate 1g adds in the solvent, is mixed with 1L solution, and every liter of nickel plating solution addition is 4ml/L.
The 5-2 example
The preparation method of chemical nickel-plating additive is: with water is solvent, takes by weighing benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 5g, and diethylhexyl sodium sulfate 2g adds in the solvent, is mixed with 1L solution, and every liter of nickel plating solution addition is 5ml/L.
The 5-3 example
The preparation method of chemical nickel-plating additive is: with water is solvent, takes by weighing benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 8g, and diethylhexyl sodium sulfate 3g adds in the solvent, is mixed with 1L solution, and every liter of nickel plating solution addition is 6ml/L.
6, carbon fiber electrically nickel plating technology embodiment
The 6-1 example
Carbon fiber electrically nickel plating solution composition is: NiSO
46H
2O 300g/L, boric acid 35g/L, electronickelling additive are 40ml/L; Current density 0.2A/dm
2, electroplating time 3min under the normal temperature can obtain the respond well electronickelling carbon fiber of nickel plating under these processing condition.
The 6-2 example
Carbon fiber electrically nickel plating solution composition is: NiSO
46H
2O 350g/L, boric acid 40g/L, electronickelling additive are 50ml/L; Current density 0.3A/dm
2, electroplating time 5min under the normal temperature can obtain the respond well electronickelling carbon fiber of nickel plating under these processing condition.
The 6-3 example
Carbon fiber electrically nickel plating solution composition is: NiSO
46H
2O 400g/L, boric acid 45g/L, electronickelling additive are 60ml/L; Current density 0.4A/dm
2, electroplating time 7min under the normal temperature can obtain the respond well electronickelling carbon fiber of nickel plating under these processing condition.
7, electronickelling additive embodiment
The 7-1 example
The preparation method of electronickelling additive is: with water is solvent, takes by weighing NaCl 90g, benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 1g, and sodium lauryl sulphate 1g, diethylin pentyne glycol 0.2g adds in the solvent, is mixed with 1L solution, and every liter of nickel plating solution addition is 40ml/L.
The 7-2 example
The preparation method of electronickelling additive is: with water is solvent, takes by weighing NaCl 100g, benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 2g, and sodium lauryl sulphate 2g, diethylin pentyne glycol 0.4g adds in the solvent, is mixed with 1L solution, and every liter of nickel plating solution addition is 50ml/L.
The 7-3 example
The preparation method of electronickelling additive is: with water is solvent, takes by weighing NaCl110g, benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 3g, and sodium lauryl sulphate 3g, diethylin pentyne glycol 0.6g adds in the solvent, is mixed with 1L solution, and every liter of nickel plating solution addition is 60ml/L.
8, carbon fiber mixed chemical nickel plating, process for copper embodiment
The 8-1 example
Carbon fiber is plating 6min in chemical nickel-plating plating solution earlier, and bath element is: NiSO
46H
2O 30g/L, NaH
2PO
2H
2O 20g/L, Trisodium Citrate 30g/L, acetic acid receive 20g/L, and analytically pure lactic acid 20ml/L, chemical nickel-plating additive are 5.0ml/L, and pH is 5.0; Bath temperature is 55 ℃, the chemical nickel plating carbon fiber that obtains under these processing condition after washed with de-ionized water is clean, plating 8min in the electroless copper plating bath at normal temperatures again, bath element is: CuSO
45H
2O 17g/L, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 22g/L, Seignette salt 18g/L, NaOH 14g/L, 2,2 '-dipyridyl 5mg/L, K
4Fe (CN)
615mg/L, analytically pure formaldehyde 18ml/L can obtain ambrose alloy composite deposite carbon fiber through the mixed chemical depositing process.
The 8-2 example
Carbon fiber is plating 7min in chemical nickel-plating plating solution earlier, and bath element is: NiSO
46H
2O 25g/L, NaH
2PO
2H
2O 15g/L, Trisodium Citrate 25g/L, acetic acid receive 15g/L, and analytically pure lactic acid 15ml/L, chemical nickel-plating additive are 4.0ml/L, and pH is 4.0; Bath temperature is 50 ℃, the chemical nickel plating carbon fiber that obtains under these processing condition after washed with de-ionized water is clean, plating 9min in the electroless copper plating bath at normal temperatures again, bath element is: CuSO
45H
2O 16g/L, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 20g/L, Seignette salt 16g/L, NaOH 12g/L, 2,2 '-dipyridyl 4mg/L, K
4Fe (CN)
614mg/L, analytically pure formaldehyde 16ml/L can obtain ambrose alloy composite deposite carbon fiber through the mixed chemical depositing process.
The 8-3 example
Carbon fiber is plating 8min in chemical nickel-plating plating solution earlier, and bath element is: NiSO
46H
2O 35g/L, NaH
2PO
2H
2O 25g/L, Trisodium Citrate 35g/L, acetic acid receive 25g/L, and analytically pure lactic acid 25ml/L, chemical nickel-plating additive are 6.0ml/L, and pH is 6.0; Bath temperature is 60 ℃, the chemical nickel plating carbon fiber that obtains under these processing condition after washed with de-ionized water is clean, plating 10min in the electroless copper plating bath at normal temperatures again, bath element is: CuSO
45H
2O 18g/L, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 25g/L, Seignette salt 20g/L, NaOH 15g/L, 2,2 '-dipyridyl 6mg/L, K
4Fe (CN)
616mg/L, analytically pure formaldehyde 20ml/L can obtain ambrose alloy composite deposite carbon fiber through the mixed chemical depositing process.
9, carbon fiber mixing electronickelling, process for copper embodiment
The 9-1 example
Carbon fiber is plating 2min in the electronickelling plating bath earlier, and bath element is: NiSO
46H
2O 300g/L, boric acid 35g/L, electronickelling additive are 40ml/L; Current density 0.2A/dm
2, the electronickelling carbon fiber that obtains under these processing condition after washed with de-ionized water is clean, plating 6min in the electro-coppering plating bath at normal temperatures again, bath element is: CuSO
45H
2O 200g/L, analytically pure sulfuric acid 45g/L, hydrochloric acid 45mg/L, KNO
38g/L; Current density is 1.5A/dm
2, can obtain ambrose alloy composite deposite carbon fiber through mixing electroplating technology.
The 9-2 example
Carbon fiber is plating 3min in the electronickelling plating bath earlier, and bath element is: NiSO
46H
2O 350g/L, boric acid 40g/L, electronickelling additive are 50ml/L; Current density 0.3A/dm
2, the electronickelling carbon fiber that obtains under these processing condition after washed with de-ionized water is clean, plating 7min in the electro-coppering plating bath at normal temperatures again, bath element is: CuSO
45H
2O 230g/L, analytically pure sulfuric acid 48g/L, hydrochloric acid 46mg/L, KNO
39g/L; Current density is 2.0A/dm
2, can obtain ambrose alloy composite deposite carbon fiber through mixing electroplating technology.
The 9-3 example
Carbon fiber is plating 4min in the electronickelling plating bath earlier, and bath element is: NiSO
46H
2O 400g/L, boric acid 45g/L, electronickelling additive are 60ml/L; Current density 0.4A/dm
2, the electronickelling carbon fiber that obtains under these processing condition after washed with de-ionized water is clean, plating 8min in the electro-coppering plating bath at normal temperatures again, bath element is: CuSO
45H
2O 250g/L, analytically pure sulfuric acid 50g/L, hydrochloric acid 50mg/L, KNO
310g/L; Current density is 2.5A/dm
2, can obtain ambrose alloy composite deposite carbon fiber through mixing electroplating technology.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of preparation method of aluminum matrix composite comprises aluminum base alloy fusing step, it is characterized in that aluminum base alloy melts the back adds CeO from 0.15～0.35wt% of its total amount to this alloy fully at 750 ℃
2Powder stirs the Alloying Treatment step, connect this and carry out incubation step, in alloy melt, add in the insulation and strengthen the body whipping step, connecing this sends into it and carries out the vacuum stripping step in vacuum oven, aluminum matrix composite base step is produced in casting again, wherein strengthening body is that carbon fiber is made matrix, metalized will be passed through in the surface, this processing is copper facing or nickel plating or mixes nickel-plated and copper-plated a kind ofly that adding that the amount that strengthens body in the aluminium alloy melt calculates by institute's carbon fiber-containing quantity to is to account for 3～5% of aluminium alloy total amount.
2, the preparation method of a kind of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1 is characterized in that said copper facing is a kind of copper carbon fiber of producing by chemical plating technology or electroplating technology; Said nickel plating is a kind of nickel-coated carbon fibers of producing by chemical plating technology or electroplating technology; Said mixing is nickel-plated and copper-plated be by the mixed chemical depositing process or mix electroplating technology a kind ofly produce nickel-plated and copper-plated carbon fiber.
3, the preparation method of a kind of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 2 is characterized in that said copper carbon fiber chemical-copper-plating process, and plating bath is to add CuSO in every premium on currency
45H
2O 15～18g, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 20～25g, Seignette salt 15～20g, NaOH 10～15g, 2,2 ' one dipyridyl, 4～6mg, K
4Fe (CN)
614～16mg, analytically pure formaldehyde 15～20ml, plating time is 15～20min under the normal temperature; Said its electroplate liquid of copper carbon fiber copper plating process is to add CuSO in every premium on currency
45H
2O 200～250g, analytically pure sulfuric acid 45～50g, hydrochloric acid 45～50mg, KNO
38～10g, current density is 1.5～2.5A/dm under the normal temperature
2, electroplating time is 8～10min, it is 2～3mm that copper carbon fiber is cut system back length.
4, the preparation method of a kind of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 2 is characterized in that said nickel-coated carbon fibers nickel chemical plating technology, and plating bath is to add NiSO in every premium on currency
46H
2O 25～35g, NaH
2PO
2H
2O 15～25g, Trisodium Citrate 25～35g, acetic acid receive 15～25g, analytically pure lactic acid 15～25ml, chemical nickel-plating additive are 4.0～6.0ml, and pH is 4.0～6.0, plating time is 15～25min, bath temperature is 50～60 ℃, and wherein the electroless plating additive is with water as solvent, takes by weighing benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 3～8g, diethylhexyl sodium sulfate 1～3g, add wherein, be mixed with the 1L additive, every liter of nickel plating solution adds 4～6ml additive; Said nickel-coated carbon fibers electronickelling technology, electroplate liquid is to add NiSO in every premium on currency
46H
2O300～400g, boric acid 35～45g, the electronickelling additive is 40～60ml, current density 0.2～0.4A/dm under the normal temperature
2Electroplating time 3～7min, wherein the electronickelling additive is with water as solvent, takes by weighing NaCl 90～110g, benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 1～3g, sodium lauryl sulphate 1～3g, diethylin pentyne glycol 02～0.6g adds wherein, is mixed with the 1L electroplating additive, add electronickelling additive 40～60ml in every liter of electronickelling solution, it is 2～3mm that nickel-coated carbon fibers is cut system back length.
5, the preparation method of a kind of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the nickel-plated and copper-plated carbon fiber chemical plating technology of said mixing be earlier with aforementioned nickel chemical plating technology to carbon fiber nickel plating, plating time 6～8min, clean up with deionized water, use aforementioned chemical-copper-plating process copper facing again, plating time 8～10min; The nickel-plated and copper-plated carbon fiber electrically depositing process of said mixing is to use the aforementioned electric nickel plating technology to carbon fiber nickel plating earlier, and plating time 2～4min cleans up with deionized water, uses the copper facing of aforementioned electric copper-plating technique again, plating time 6～8min.
6, the preparation method of a kind of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said Alloying Treatment step: matrix alloy metallization processes step is: after the metallic matrix aluminium alloy is melted 750 ℃ the time fully, add the analytical pure CeO of 0.15～0.35wt% of matrix alloy total amount
2Powder, and, make CeO with the stirring of mechanical stirring oar
2Be uniformly dispersed in aluminium alloy, stirring velocity is 950～1100r/min.
7, the preparation method of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in alloy melt, adding in the said insulation and strengthen the body whipping step, its whipping temp: 720 ℃～800 ℃, churning time: 5～7min, stirring velocity: 900～1000r/min; Connecing this sends into it and carries out the vacuum stripping step in vacuum oven, its vacuum oven temperature: 720 ℃～800 ℃, and vacuum tightness: 0.01～0.03MPa, vacuum stripping time: 1.5～3.5min; And then aluminum matrix composite base step is produced in casting.
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