CN102218857A - Composite material coated with SiC-Fe based alloy layer and preparation method of composite material - Google Patents
Composite material coated with SiC-Fe based alloy layer and preparation method of composite material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite material coated with a SiC-Fe based alloy layer and a preparation method of the composite material. The composite material coated with the SiC-Fe based alloy layer is formed by coating the SiC-Fe based alloy layer on the surface of a steel base material, wherein the steel base material is carbon steel or alloy steel of which the carbon content is 0.2 to 0.7 weight percent, and the raw material of a SiC-Fe composite material layer is SiC powder and iron-based autolytic alloy powder. The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps of: mixing the iron-based autolytic alloy powder with the SiC powder; and spraying the mixture on the surface of the steel base material. The composite material coated with the SiC-Fe based alloy layer has excellent performances of high hardness, good wearing resistance, low brittleness, capability of being subjected to heat treatment and machining, low cost, high performance price ratio and the like, and can obviously improve the surface property of the steel base material.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite and preparation method thereof, exactly is composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer and preparation method thereof.
Two, background technology
Particles reiforced metal-base composition not only has the good characteristics of plastic deformation, and has ceramic particle hardness height, advantage that wearability is good simultaneously, thus demonstrate single metal or ceramic particle incomparable excellent properties.By surface engineering technology, prepare one deck as thermal spraying, plasma surfacing, laser melting coating etc. at surface of the work and have the particulate reinforced metal-based composite coating that high-wearing feature requires, can obviously improve its serviceability, prolong its service life.The method that adopts surface applied alloy or composite is also arranged both at home and abroad, but the composite of coating expensive composites such as WC-steel composite material, TiC-steel composite material, carbide alloy normally.
The composite of above-mentioned surface cladding is except that having the high shortcoming of cost, also have some other deficiencies, easily be dissolved in the matrix as the WC in the WC-steel composite material, increase the matrix phosphorus content and form herring-bone form carbide and bridge joint mutually, make that cladding layer fragility obviously increases, performance descends; The wetability of TiC and steel matrix is relatively poor, and the interface easily comes off in the use in conjunction with more weak and Yi Pianju; Bonding few mutually in the carbide alloy, composite coating fragility is very big, and its with Co as bonding phase, comparing with steel matrix can not heat treatment, can't regulate its coating performance to reach the effect that cooperates with base material better by heat treatment.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention is for avoiding above-mentioned existing in prior technology weak point, and a kind of hardness height, wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, good heat resistance, fragility is low, cost is low composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer and preparation method thereof are provided.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The characteristics that the present invention is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer are: be covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer on the surface of steel substrate; Described steel substrate is carbon steel or the steel alloy of phosphorus content 0.2-0.7wt%.
The characteristics that the present invention is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer also are: the raw material of described SiC-Fe base alloy-layer is that SiC powder and iron-based are from the dissolubility alloyed powder;
Described iron-based is C from the dissolubility alloyed powder, Cr, B, Si, Fe, other metal and nonmetalloid;
Described raw material constitutes by mass percentage: the SiC powder, be irregular wedge angle form, and 5-40%, C 0.2-0.6%, Cr9.0-17.1%, B 0.5-3%, Si 0-2%, Fe 37.3-80.5%, surplus is other metals and nonmetalloid;
Described other metal and nonmetalloid are to comprise among Ti, Ni, Nb, V, Zr, RE, N, H, O, Al, Cu, W, Co, Ta, Mg, Ca, Zn, K, Y, Sn, Pb, the Ba one or more.
The characteristics that the present invention is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer also are: the particle diameter of described SiC powder is 50-80 μ m, and described iron-based is 45-109 μ m from the particle diameter of dissolubility alloyed powder.
Preparation method's the characteristics that the present invention is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer are: iron-based is sprayed at the steel substrate surface after dissolubility alloyed powder and SiC powder mix.
Many workpiece are subjected to strong fretting wear when working, and require its surface that high wearability must be arranged.SiC is a kind of hard phase of cheapness, Vickers hardness 33400MPa, SiC particle are distributed in the steel matrix, and steel matrix plays the effect of bonding SiC particle and support, the SiC particle plays reinforcement, sclerosis and wear-resistant effect, and such composite has higher wearability.At this composite of the deposited one deck of the surface of the work that requires surface abrasion resistance, can effectively improve the surface of the work wearability, the amplitude of cost raising simultaneously is very little.In the sintering process preparation process of SiC-steel composite material, because SiC and steel react acutely, generate thicker conversion zone on the interface between SiC and the steel under fusion temperature, make the faying face embrittlement, poor performance.The present invention adopts the SiC powder of imbedding surface diposition pre-coated Cr through powder; and the method for use plasma spray; burn-off rate is fast; high-temperature residence time is short; interfacial reaction is less, and atmosphere protection can prevent oxidation, decarburization, generation of defects such as be mingled with, so SiC is better with combining of steel; hard particles is incrust, and the strong hardness of composite, toughness, wearability are more excellent.
The performance of composites of surface deposited metal also depends on the composition of the steel of conduct bonding phase in the composite.Added suitable alloying element in the steel as the bonding phase in the composite of the surface deposited metal that the present invention is prepared, made a concrete analysis of as follows:
The content of C can guarantee that steel matrix has good intensity, the cooperation of toughness mutually between 0.20-0.60wt% (percentage by weight, down together), make it can support SiC particle and assurance composite material toughness; 13% reaches corrosion resistance, hear resistance, the intensity that above Cr can improve steel, can more obviously improve the impact flexibility of steel, can improve the non-oxidizability of steel; B can improve the shaping surface of cladding layer, and Si can improve the corrosion resistance and the intensity of cladding layer matrix, but Mo, Ti, V crystal grain thinning, Ni can improve the quenching degree and the corrosion resistance of steel greatly, Mn can improve alloy rigidity, and RE can purify, crystal grain thinning, improves SiC and combines with the interface of steel.
Whole wear-resisting workpiece with respect to domestic and international use, the present invention is because deposited in carbon steel or low-alloy steel substrate surface with the SiC composite, the steel substrate alloying element is few, cost is low, overlay is thinner, and SiC and Fe base alloy is inexpensive, so, it is low that the metal surface particle of making strengthens the composite cladding layer cost, the cost performance height.Strengthen in the Fe base alloy composite cladding layer performance WC-Ni base alloy composite cladding layer preferably with respect to the metal surface particle, the present invention since adopt SiC as hard phase, Fe base alloy as matrix, cost obviously reduces.With respect to matrix only contain less than 3.0% Cr, do not add the SiC composite cladding layer of a small amount of B, the present invention owing to adopt contains the matrix of 7.8～17.1% Cr (amount to into the Cr weight percentage is 13～18% in the outer matrix of SiC in the cladding layer), 0.5～3% B, has the advantage of high corrosion resistance, hear resistance and shaping surface.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, be that hard-phase particles is formed SiC-steel composite material coating with the SiC particle in the composite of the present invention, SiC has the effect of reinforcement, sclerosis, raising wearability, steel matrix has bonding hard-phase particles, guarantees the effect of toughness, intensity, heat-treatability and the machinability of material.Compare with surface deposited metal material such as WC-steel composite material, TiC-steel composite material in the prior art, have the characteristics of with low cost, abundant raw materials, saving precious metal.
2, in the composite of the present invention with the Fe base alloy that contains high Cr matrix as composite cladding layer, the Cr of wherein wt percentage 13% or more can effectively improve the electrode potential of matrix alloy, raising corrosion resistance and non-oxidizability; B has the effect that improves the surface fused coating shaping surface.Only contain not enough 3.0%Cr with matrix in the guide roller surface SiC composite cladding layer in the prior art, do not add a small amount of B and compare, it has the advantage of high corrosion resistance, hear resistance and shaping surface.
3, composite material by adopting thermal spraying of the present invention or surface application methods such as hot surfacing or laser cladding are coated on substrate surface, and it is combined with base material, and technology is simple, cost is low.
Four, the specific embodiment
Below by the specific embodiment the present invention is further described.
The raw material of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer is constructed as follows by mass percentage among the table 1 embodiment 1-7:
Embodiment 1:
The composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer in the present embodiment is to be covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer on the surface of steel substrate; Wherein steel substrate is the carbon steel of phosphorus content 0.2-0.7wt%, and the raw material of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer constitutes by mass percentage and sees Table 1.Wherein the particle diameter of SiC powder is 50-80 μ m, and iron-based is 45-109 μ m from the particle diameter of dissolubility alloyed powder.
The preparation method that present embodiment is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer is coated on the steel substrate surface with iron-based method with plasma spray after dissolubility alloyed powder and the mixing of SiC powder, forms composite cladding layer, and it is combined with steel substrate.
The bead-welding technology parameter is as follows: electric current 130A, speed of travel 90mm/min, hunting frequency 22min
-1, swing width 20mm, Fe base alloyed powder powder feed rate 30g/min, SiC powder powder feed rate 7g/min, plasma gas Ar 5L/min, powder feeding gas Ar5L/min, protective gas Ar 13L/min.
Embodiment 2:
The composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer in the present embodiment is to be covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer on the surface of steel substrate; Wherein steel substrate is the steel alloy of phosphorus content 0.2-0.7wt%, and the raw material of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer constitutes by mass percentage and sees Table 1.Wherein the particle diameter of SiC powder is 50-80 μ m, and iron-based is 45-109 μ m from the particle diameter of dissolubility alloyed powder.
The preparation method that present embodiment is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer is coated on the steel substrate surface with iron-based method with plasma spray after dissolubility alloyed powder and the mixing of SiC powder, forms composite cladding layer, and it is combined with steel substrate.
The bead-welding technology parameter is as follows: electric current 130A, speed of travel 90mm/min, hunting frequency 22min
-1, swing width 20mm, Fe base alloyed powder powder feed rate 30g/min, SiC powder powder feed rate 10g/min, plasma gas Ar 5L/min, powder feeding gas Ar 5L/min, protective gas Ar 13L/min.
Embodiment 3:
The composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer in the present embodiment is to be covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer on the surface of steel substrate; Wherein steel substrate is the carbon steel of phosphorus content 0.2-0.7wt%, and the raw material of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer constitutes by mass percentage and sees Table 1.Wherein the particle diameter of SiC powder is 50-80 μ m, and iron-based is 45-109 μ m from the particle diameter of dissolubility alloyed powder.
The preparation method that present embodiment is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer is coated on the steel substrate surface with iron-based method with plasma spray after dissolubility alloyed powder and the mixing of SiC powder, forms composite cladding layer, and it is combined with steel substrate.
The bead-welding technology parameter is as follows: electric current 130A, speed of travel 90mm/min, hunting frequency 22min
-1, swing width 20mm, Fe base alloyed powder powder feed rate 30g/min, SiC powder powder feed rate 10g/min, plasma gas Ar 5L/min, powder feeding gas Ar 5L/min, protective gas Ar 13L/min.
Embodiment 4:
The composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer in the present embodiment is to be covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer on the surface of steel substrate; Wherein steel substrate is the steel alloy of phosphorus content 0.2-0.7wt%, and the raw material of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer constitutes by mass percentage and sees Table 1.Wherein the particle diameter of SiC powder is 50-80 μ m, and iron-based is 45-109 μ m from the particle diameter of dissolubility alloyed powder.
The preparation method that present embodiment is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer is coated on the steel substrate surface with iron-based method with plasma spray after dissolubility alloyed powder and the mixing of SiC powder, forms composite cladding layer, and it is combined with steel substrate.
The bead-welding technology parameter is as follows: electric current 130A, speed of travel 90mm/min, hunting frequency 22min
-1, swing width 20mm, Fe base alloyed powder powder feed rate 30g/min, SiC powder powder feed rate 10g/min, plasma gas Ar 5L/min, powder feeding gas Ar 5L/min, protective gas Ar 13L/min.
Embodiment 5:
The composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer in the present embodiment is to be covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer on the surface of steel substrate; Wherein steel substrate is the carbon steel of phosphorus content 0.2-0.7wt%, and the raw material of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer constitutes by mass percentage and sees Table 1.Wherein the particle diameter of SiC powder is 50-80 μ m, and iron-based is 45-109 μ m from the particle diameter of dissolubility alloyed powder.
The preparation method that present embodiment is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer is coated on the steel substrate surface with iron-based method with plasma spray after dissolubility alloyed powder and the mixing of SiC powder, forms composite cladding layer, and it is combined with steel substrate.
The bead-welding technology parameter is as follows: electric current 130A, speed of travel 90mm/min, hunting frequency 22min
-1, swing width 20mm, Fe base alloyed powder powder feed rate 30g/min, SiC powder powder feed rate 10g/min, plasma gas Ar 5L/min, powder feeding gas Ar 5L/min, protective gas Ar 13L/min.
Embodiment 6:
The composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer in the present embodiment is to be covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer on the surface of steel substrate; Wherein steel substrate is the steel alloy of phosphorus content 0.2-0.7wt%, and the raw material of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer constitutes by mass percentage and sees Table 1.Wherein the particle diameter of SiC powder is 50-80 μ m, and iron-based is 45-109 μ m from the particle diameter of dissolubility alloyed powder.
The preparation method that present embodiment is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer is coated on the steel substrate surface with iron-based method with plasma spray after dissolubility alloyed powder and the mixing of SiC powder, forms composite cladding layer, and it is combined with steel substrate.
The bead-welding technology parameter is as follows: electric current 130A, speed of travel 90mm/min, hunting frequency 22min
-1, swing width 20mm, Fe base alloyed powder powder feed rate 30g/min, SiC powder powder feed rate 10g/min, plasma gas Ar 5L/min, powder feeding gas Ar 5L/min, protective gas Ar 13L/min.
Embodiment 7:
The composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer in the present embodiment is to be covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer on the surface of steel substrate; Wherein steel substrate is the carbon steel of phosphorus content 0.2-0.7wt%, and the raw material of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer constitutes by mass percentage and sees Table 1.Wherein the particle diameter of SiC powder is 50-80 μ m, and iron-based is 45-109 μ m from the particle diameter of dissolubility alloyed powder.
The preparation method that present embodiment is covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer is coated on the steel substrate surface with iron-based method with plasma spray after dissolubility alloyed powder and the mixing of SiC powder, forms composite cladding layer, and it is combined with steel substrate.
The bead-welding technology parameter is as follows: electric current 130A, speed of travel 90mm/min, hunting frequency 22min
-1, swing width 20mm, Fe base alloyed powder powder feed rate 30g/min, SiC powder powder feed rate 10g/min, plasma gas Ar 5L/min, powder feeding gas Ar 5L/min, protective gas Ar 13L/min.
SiC plays humidification among the embodiment 1 in composite, can improve alloy wear-resisting.Because relative amount is few, the wearability increase rate is limited.But because the continuity of matrix is good, composite material toughness is good, when bearing contact stress, is difficult for taking place fragility and peels off.The weight percentage of Cr is 12.5% (amount to into the matrix Cr weight percentage except that SiC is 13.0% in the cladding layer), can guarantee that the cladding layer alloy has good corrosion resistance and non-oxidizability.Its case hardness can reach 520HV
0.1, the 1 hour volume wear 1.95mm that records under MM200 abrasion tester (oil lubrication, 200r/min is to the bull ring hardness 67HRC) condition
3
The SiC amount doubles than first group among the embodiment 2, and hard particles obviously improves the humidification of composite, and abrasion-resistance is good than first group.Add elements such as a certain amount of Si, can improve the hear resistance of composite, the C amount slightly reduces simultaneously, can improve the toughness of composite, and the result will cause the raising of composite thermal fatigue resistance; Mo has invigoration effect, the effect that Ti, V have crystal grain thinning, improve intensity and plasticity and toughness; RE can purify, thinning microstructure.When the work of some surface cladding workpiece, surface of the work can be heated repeatedly, the effect of Quench, and heat fatigue is peeled off and fracture is one of its main failure forms, and the composite of mentioned component can have the ability that thermal fatigue resistance preferably peels off and ruptures.Its case hardness can reach 632HV
0.1, the 1 hour volume wear 1.67mm that records under the above-mentioned condition
3
The SiC amount further increases than second group among the embodiment 3, and hard particles improves the humidification of composite, and abrasion-resistance is good than second group.Because the elements such as Cr, Mo that add can improve the hear resistance of composite and the ability that thermal fatigue resistance peels off and ruptures than (amount to into the matrix Cr weight percentage except that SiC is 15% in the cladding layer) more than second group.Ti, V amount is kept to 0, can reduce cost, but crystal grain thinning, improve intensity effect and descend.But because the Mn amount also is kept to 0, composite grain coarsening tendency reduces unlikely too alligatoring.Increase by 0.1% phosphorus content, can increase the hardness of composite.Above-mentioned composite has wearability, thermal fatigue resistance preferably, and cost is low than second group.B content increases, its cladding layer shaping surface raising, and surface quality improves.Its case hardness can reach 687HV
0.1, the 1 hour volume wear 1.15mm that records under the above-mentioned condition
3
The SiC amount further increases than the 3rd group among the embodiment 4, and hard particles improves the humidification of composite, and abrasion-resistance is good than the 3rd group.The Cr weight percentage is 11.3%, amounts to into that the Cr weight percentage is 15% in the outer matrix of SiC in the cladding layer, and is identical with the 3rd group).Because the steel percentage as the bonding phase in the composite descends, the toughness of composite can descend, and fragility can increase, and adding Ni has the effect that improves toughness.Its case hardness can reach 780HV
0.1, the 1 hour volume wear 0.72mm that records under MM200 abrasion tester (oil lubrication, 200r/min is to the bull ring hardness 67HRC) condition
3
The SiC amount obviously increases than the 4th group among the embodiment 5, the Cr weight percentage is 9.0%, amounts to into that the Cr weight percentage is 15% in the outer matrix of SiC in the cladding layer, and is identical with the 3rd group), the hardness of composite, wearability are very high, and its case hardness can reach 975HV
0.1, the 1 hour volume wear 0.36mm that records under the above-mentioned condition
3, but the alloying element amount is big, the cost height.There is toughness, hear resistance, the thermal fatigue resistance that can obviously improve the steel of conduct bonding phase in the composite in a large amount of alloying elements, can improve toughness and fatigue resistance that composite is sacrificed owing to the ratio decline of steel.
The C amount slightly increases than the 5th group among the embodiment 6, favourable to improving hardness and wearability, the Cr weight percentage is 17.1%, amount to into that the Cr weight percentage is 28.5% in the outer matrix of SiC in the cladding layer, Cr content obviously increases than the 5th group, and is favourable to corrosion resistance, hear resistance, the hardness raising of cladding layer.Its case hardness can reach 1030HV
0.1, the 1 hour volume wear 0.30mm that records under the above-mentioned condition
3
The C amount has obvious reduction than the 5th group among the embodiment 7, and is favourable to improving composite surface material toughness, can reduce the possibility that face crack produces, and alloying element content obviously reduces simultaneously, can reduce cost of alloy, but hardness decreases.Its case hardness can reach 942HV
0.1, the 1 hour volume wear 0.89mm that records under the above-mentioned condition
3
Metal surface of the present invention SiC-Fe base alloy composite materials is used for surface cladding rod-rolling mill hot rolling Roll Collar and compares higher wearability is arranged (improving 2-3 doubly than Cr12MoV steel deflector roll wearability) with the rod-rolling mill hot rolling Roll Collar of other materials.Non-cracking in the use, the life-span is improved 2.5 times than Cr12MoV steel wire rod milling train hot rolling Roll Collar.Cost and Cr12MoV steel deflector roll are basic identical, reduce by 50% than carbide alloy deflector roll, reduce by 30% than high-speed steel deflector roll.
Claims (4)
1. be covered with the composite of SiC-Fe base alloy-layer, it is characterized in that: be covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer on the surface of steel substrate; Described steel substrate is carbon steel or the steel alloy of phosphorus content 0.2-0.7wt%.
2. the composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the raw material of described SiC-Fe base alloy-layer is that SiC powder and iron-based are from the dissolubility alloyed powder;
Described iron-based is C from the dissolubility alloyed powder, Cr, B, Si, Fe, other metal and nonmetalloid;
Described raw material constitutes by mass percentage: SiC powder 5-40% (being irregular wedge angle form), and C 0.2-0.6%, Cr9.0-17.1%, B 0.5-3%, Si 0-2%, Fe 37.3-80.5%, surplus is other metals and nonmetalloid;
Described other metal and nonmetalloid are to comprise among Ti, Ni, Nb, V, Zr, RE, N, H, O, Al, Cu, W, Co, Ta, Mg, Ca, Zn, K, Y, Sn, Pb, the Ba one or more.
3. the composite that is covered with SiC-Fe base alloy-layer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described SiC powder is 50-80 μ m, described iron-based is 45-109 μ m from the particle diameter of dissolubility alloyed powder.
4. claim 1 or the 2 or 3 described preparation methods that are covered with the composite of SiC-Fe layer is characterized in that: iron-based is sprayed at the steel substrate surface after dissolubility alloyed powder and SiC powder mix.
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