CN1187473C - Method for coating aluminium alloy base - Google Patents

Method for coating aluminium alloy base Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1187473C
CN1187473C CNB998169935A CN99816993A CN1187473C CN 1187473 C CN1187473 C CN 1187473C CN B998169935 A CNB998169935 A CN B998169935A CN 99816993 A CN99816993 A CN 99816993A CN 1187473 C CN1187473 C CN 1187473C
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solution
container
acid
aluminium alloy
water
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN1375018A (en
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J·D·古瑟里
A·M·丹尼斯
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Howmet Aerospace Inc
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Alcoa Inc
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/20Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/86Regeneration of coating baths
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • B05D7/16Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies using synthetic lacquers or varnishes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50Multilayers
    • B05D7/51One specific pretreatment, e.g. phosphatation, chromatation, in combination with one specific coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2202/00Metallic substrate
    • B05D2202/20Metallic substrate based on light metals
    • B05D2202/25Metallic substrate based on light metals based on Al
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50Multilayers
    • B05D7/52Two layers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a preprocessing method for an aluminum alloy substrate by water solutions before the substrate is coated by polymers, and the water solutions comprise organic phosphorus compounds and optimize copolymers of vinylphosphonic acid and acrylic acid. The substrate can make aluminium and other elements pollute the solutions by the solutions. Aluminium is removed by cation exchange resin so that the preprocessing solutions are regenerated, and the cation exchange resin optimizes copolymers which comprise styrene-divinyl benzene functionalized by a sulfonic acid radical group. The substrate is rinsed so that rinsing water is polluted by the copolymers. The rinsing water is concentrated by a reverse osmosis or a film hyper-filtration method; then, the preprocessing solutions are returned.

Description

The method of coating aluminium alloy substrate
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of with the method for polymkeric substance to the aluminum alloy substrate coating.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of vinyl phosphonate-acrylic copolymer of using, then with the method for polymkeric substance to the substrate coating to the aluminum alloy substrate pre-treatment.
Background of invention
Although aluminium itself can prevent corrosion by forming the native oxide coating, this protectiveness is not thorough.Having in the presence of moisture and the ionogen, aluminium alloy is faster than fine aluminium corrosive.
Therefore, need handle aluminum alloy substrate, to improve its corrosion resistance and the adhesivity good to polymkeric substance with method for pretreating or other chemical process.
In the prior art, by metallic surface " conversion " formed chemical conversion coating for the tight bond coating on aluminium alloy, partial coating is made up of the aluminium of oxidised form.Chemical conversion coating has high corrosion resistance and improved adhesivity to polymkeric substance.Generally, aluminium produces the Plessy's green conversion coating by being contacted with the aqueous solution that contains hexavalent chromium, phosphate anion and fluorion.In recent years, people more and more pay close attention to these technologies to the pollution effect to environment of the chromic salt of waterways discharging and phosphoric acid salt.Because hexavalent chromium has high resolution and strong oxidation characteristics, so, must use expensive waste treatment procedures so that hexavalent chromium is reduced to trivalent chromic ion in order to carry out waste treatment.
People repeatedly attempt producing the chromate-free conversion coating of acceptable aluminium in the prior art.For example, some chromate-free conversion coatings contain zirconium, titanium, hafnium and/or silicon, also are combined with fluorochemical, tensio-active agent and polymkeric substance such as polyacrylic acid sometimes.Although before made very big effort, still do not make us satisfied fully chromate-free conversion coating now or be used to improve the adhesivity of the aluminum alloy substrate of using polymeric coating and the undercoat of erosion resistance.In the Aluminium Alloy Plate polymkeric substance adhesivity and the erosion resistance that are used for making food product containers body and end and beverage container end is important performance.
People repeatedly attempted in the prior art with before the coat substrate with polymers with various organo phosphorous compoundss to its pre-treatment.The term that uses among the application " organo phosphorous compounds " comprises organic phosphoric acid, organic phospho acid, organic phospho acid, the various salt that reach these acid, ester, inclined to one side salt and partial ester.For example, the HOII P 263,668 of 1961.4.14 application discloses a kind of vinyl phosphonate/acrylic copolymer processing steel-sheet method of using before with the coating of Synolac enamel.Although some organophosphorus pretreatment processs can fully carry out, it is very high to use cost.Therefore, still need to provide a kind of method of before coated polymeric, using organo phosphorous compounds pre-treating aluminium alloy substrates of efficient economy at present.
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of usefulness organo phosphorous compounds pre-treating aluminium alloy substrates of efficient economy, carries out polymer-coated method then.
In order to reach this main purpose, the method that we provide can remove aluminium and other positively charged ion in the preprocessing solution, has therefore avoided handling the expensive expense of these solution.
To those skilled in the art, can know other purpose of the present invention and advantage by the detailed description part that the following describes book.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the inventive method.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method with the substrate of organic polymer coating aluminium alloy.This aluminum alloy substrate can thin plate, extrude or the foundry goods form provides, preferred thin plate.
In fact, the various aluminium alloys that can sheet form obtain all are applicable to the present invention, comprise the alloy that belongs to AA2000,3000,5000,6000 and 7000 series.The aluminum magnesium alloy of AA5000 series, particularly AA5042 and AA5182 alloy are preferred.The thin plate made from these alloys can be used for being configured as polymer-coated food product containers body or end and beverage container end.
Be applicable to that the aluminium alloy of container end portion cover plate such as AA5182 are as providing with the ingot bar of foundry engieering production well known in the art or blank or slab.Before processing, with the processing that at high temperature homogenizes of ingot bar or blank.Then this alloy billet is rolled into plate of moderate thickness.For example, about 700-975 °F the metal inlet temperature under this material is rolled into the intermediates that thickness is about the 0.100-0.150 inch.The thin plate that then the cold rolling one-tenth thickness of this material is about the 0.006-0.015 inch.The AA5182 Aluminium Alloy Plate of our preferred H19 hardness (temper).Aluminium alloy 5042 thin plates that are used for closing panel are H19 hardness preferably.
Aluminium alloy that provides such as AA5042 are the ingot bars that homogenizes.Be rolled into the product that thickness is about the intermediate gauge of 0.100-0.150 inch then.Generally with the product annealing of intermediate gauge, cold rolling one-tenth thickness is about the final thickness product of 0.006-0.015 inch after the hot rolling.With the thin plate coating, with its stretching, stretching again, form the food product containers body with polymkeric substance then.The AA5042 aluminium alloy of our preferred H2x hardness.
The lip-deep native oxide coating of Aluminium Alloy Plate generally is enough to realize the present invention.The thickness of native oxide coating generally is about the 30-50 dust.In order to prevent corrosion better, can make this oxide coating growth by handling as in water, water vapour or the aqueous solution, carrying out anodic oxidation or wet method thermal treatment.
Generally clean Aluminium Alloy Plate of the present invention to remove all remaining lubricants that stick on the thin sheet surface, use water rinse then with the basic surface sanitising agent.If remaining lubricant content can be ignored, then can not clean.
In first container, use the thin sheet surface after the composition pre-treatment that contains the organo phosphorous compounds aqueous solution is cleaned then.This solution preferably contains vinyl phosphonate-acrylic copolymer (VPA-AA multipolymer) of the 1-20g/L that has an appointment.The solution that contains this multipolymer of 4-10g/L of having an appointment is preferred.This multipolymer contains the vinyl phosphonate of the 5-50mol% that has an appointment usually, preferably about 20-40mol%.The molecular weight of VPA-AA multipolymer is about 20,000-100, and 000, preferred about 50,000-80,000.Particularly preferred VPA-AA multipolymer contains the VPA of the 30mol% that has an appointment and the AA of about 70mol%.Solution temperature is about 100-200 °F, more preferably from about 120-180 °F.Particularly preferred solution temperature is about 170 °F.
Thin sheet surface may be dipped in the composition, also can or be sprayed on the thin sheet surface the said composition roller coat.A kind of preferred cleaning continuously and pre-treatment production line per minute when operation can be handled about 500-1500 foot thin plate.When this production line during with the speed operation of 1000 feet of per minutes, it is just enough to be about for 6 seconds the duration of contact of thin sheet surface and composition.VPA-AA multipolymer and oxide compound or oxyhydroxide coating reaction form coating on thin sheet surface.
The Aluminium Alloy Plate of handling through preprocessing solution has polluted this solution with various element ions, and these elements comprise aluminium, magnesium, iron, chromium and manganese.When aluminum concentration is elevated to about 150-200ppm when above, preprocessing solution will lose efficacy.Therefore, we provide a kind of method of removing aluminium and other metal ion from preprocessing solution.
Transfer in the container of second cation exchange resin to major general part preprocessing solution.Resin can bead, pearl, fiber or particle form provide, preferably hard sphere shape gel-type pearl.Minimum total wet volume capacity of the resin of hydrogen form is 1.9meq/mL.The mean particle size of preferred resin is about 650 microns, and proportion is about 1.22-1.23, and bulk density is about 49.9lb/ft 3
Resin preferably contains useful acid groups, preferably uses the gel of the functionalized styrene diethylene benzene copoly mer of sulfonate group.This multipolymer also can be functionalized with phosphonic acids or arsenic acid root.Particularly preferred Zeo-karb is that (be positioned at Midland, Mich) sell, trade mark is DOWEX G-26 (H) by Dow Chemical Company.
Not too preferably, Zeo-karb can contain the ethene of useful unsaturated carboxylic acid such as acrylic acid copolymerization.
After preprocessing solution passed through second container, aluminum concentration wherein reduced.The aluminum concentration of handling in the solution of back is lower than about 75ppm, more preferably less than about 25ppm, and preferably about 10ppm or lower.Solution turns back to first container after containing the processing of the aluminium that organo phosphorous compounds and concentration reduces.
Randomly be, can be with water rinse pre-treatment thin plate to remove excessive VPA-AA multipolymer.Preferably about 170-180 of the temperature of rinse water.By removing excessive water rinse water are concentrated with recycle VPA-AA multipolymer.Some preferred concentration techniques comprise reverse osmosis and membrane filtration.After concentrating, rinse water can be transferred in first container to reproduce the value of VPA-AA multipolymer.
With polymer composition prime sheet is coated with, said composition preferably includes the organic polymer that is dispersed in the organic solvent.Three kinds of preferred coated polymerics are Resins, epoxy, polyvinyl chloride and polyester.Suitable Resins, epoxy comprises phenol aldehyde modified Resins, epoxy, polyester modified epoxy resin, epoxide modified polyvinyl chloride and crosslinkable Resins, epoxy.Polymer composition can be transparent, also can contain granules of pigments.Granules of pigments is titanium dioxide preferably, aluminum oxide or silicon-dioxide.Our preferred median particle is the titanium dioxide granule of 0.5-10 micron.
Also can be coated with electropaining, seam, squeezing and coating, flow coat, spraying or other continuous coating process be to this prime sheet coating.
With the thin plate drying behind the coated polymeric, coil, finally be processed into container body or container end portion cover plate then.
The AA5182-H19 aluminum magnesium alloy thin plate coiled material 10 of a kind of thick about 8.8mil (224 microns) is provided as shown in drawings.In drum 20, remain in lubricant on the thin sheet surface, the thin plate after the rinsing cleaning in deionization water-bath 30 then to remove all with basic surface sanitising agent cleaning thin plate 10.
With being dissolved in the solution pre-treatment cleaning of the VPA-AA multipolymer that contains about 10g/L in the water and the thin plate after the rinsing, described multipolymer contains the AA unit of VPA He the about 70mol% of the 30mol% that has an appointment in first container 40.Solution temperature is about 170 °F (77 ℃), and it contains the aluminium of the 10ppm that has an appointment at first.Aluminum oxide on VPA-AA multipolymer and the thin sheet surface or aluminium hydroxide coating reaction form the coating that contains this multipolymer and oxide compound or oxyhydroxide reaction product.
The pretreated thin plate of water 50 rinsings is to remove excessive VPA-AA multipolymer then.Preferably about 170-180 of the temperature of rinse water 50.
With the thin plate after the polymer composition 60 roller coat rinsings, composition 60 preferably includes organic polymer and the granules of pigments that is dispersed in the organic solvent.Organic polymer is Resins, epoxy preferably.Some suitable Resins, epoxy comprise phenol aldehyde modified Resins, epoxy, polyester modified epoxy resin, epoxide modified polyvinyl chloride and crosslinkable Resins, epoxy.
In hot air dryer 70,, and then wind up as coated sheet product 80 with the thin plate drying of polymeric coating.
In order to keep the metal ion of lower concentration in the preprocessing solution, part solution is periodically transferred to second container 100 of cation exchange resin from first container 40.Particularly preferred resin is that (be positioned at Midland, Michigan) sell, trade mark is the strong cation-exchanging resin of DOWEX G-26 (H) by Dow Chemical Company.The strong cation-exchanging resin of selling is that the dry screen order is 650 microns a hard sphere shape pearl.Strong cation-exchanging resin is the gel that contains the functionalized styrene diethylene benzene copoly mer of useful sulfonate group.Can produce the treatment soln that aluminum concentration is preferably lower than about 10ppm with this plastic resin treatment.Treatment soln turns back to first container 40 by managing 110 from second container 100.
With metal-salt Zeo-karb is finally reached capacity.By with strong acid solution 120, can make resin regeneration as the HCl of 6-10vol% in water or the sulphuric acid soln washing of 6-12vol%.The metal-salt 130 that washes out from second container 100 is scrapped.
Also want recirculation from the exhausted rinse water in the water rinse 50, to reproduce the value of VPA-AA multipolymer.At first the exhausted rinse water are sent to thickener 140, here with water being removed as reverse osmosis or membrane ultrafiltration process.Rinse water after will concentrating then turn back to first container 40.
Base exchange process of the present invention can make the aluminum concentration in the preprocessing solution remain on acceptable degree.The 200mL aliquots containig that will contain the preprocessing solution under the aluminium of VPA-AA multipolymer, 350ppm of 10g/L and other metal 140 places the Ehrlenmeyer flask of 250mL of DOWEX G-26 (H) resin of the hydrogen form that contains the 40mL humid volume.Flask is placed water-bath, kept 16-20 hour down at 140 °F (60 ℃).The method for preparing resin is the 6vol%HCl washing with 400-600mL, uses the 600-800mL rinsed with deionized water then.
Contact after 16-20 hour, filter preprocessing solution, and with 25mL rinsed with deionized water resin.Analyze this solution, it the results are shown in following table.In order to contrast, all concentration are all proofreaied and correct, with the concentration of reflection 200mL volume.
Table-to the analysis of preprocessing solution
Concentration (ppm) behind initial concentration (ppm) G-26 (H) of element
Al 350 5.3
Na 14 0.5
Si 11 12
Fe 22 18
Ca 4.1 0.8
Mg 100 0.3
Mn 1.5 n.d.
Ni 0.6 n.d.
Zn 0.3 n.d.
Cr 11 10
K 1.8 0.5
P 820 777
N.d.=does not detect
Invention has been described with reference to some preferred embodiment of the invention above; those of ordinary skills should be understood that: under the situation of spirit that does not deviate from appended claims and protection domain, the present invention also can otherwise realize.

Claims (10)

1, a kind ofly for improving polymeric coating and surface portion binding property the Aluminium Alloy Plate with described surface portion was carried out pretreated method before coated polymeric, it comprises:
(a) in first container, the Aluminium Alloy Plate that contains aluminum oxide or aluminium hydroxide with the solution-treated surface portion of forming by water, organo phosphorous compounds and metal ion basically, thereby form the layer of the reaction product that contains described compound and described oxide compound or oxyhydroxide, thereby and with the aluminum ion that obtains after handling with described contaminated aqueous solution, wherein said organo phosphorous compounds be selected from organic phosphoric acid, organic phospho acid, organic phospho acid, these sour salt, these sour esters, these acid inclined to one side salt, these sour partial esters, and composition thereof;
(b) the described solution of at least a portion is transferred in second container of cation exchange resin, described Zeo-karb contains the useful functionalized polymkeric substance of acid groups that is selected from sulfonate group, phosphonyl group, arsenic acid group and hydroxy-acid group, and in second container, aluminum ion is adsorbed on the described resin, thereby produces the solution contain after the processing that described compound and aluminium ion concentration reduce; With
(c) solution after the described processing is turned back to described first container.
2, according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described resin contains the functionalized styrene diethylene benzene copoly mer of useful sulfonate group.
3, according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the solution after the processing contains the aluminum ion that is lower than 75ppm.
4, according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the solution after the processing contains the aluminum ion that is lower than 25ppm.
5, according to the method for claim 1, it also comprises:
(d) after the step (a),, contain described organo phosphorous compounds and aluminum ions rinse water with generation with the described substrate of water rinse;
(e) by the water in the rinse water is removed it is concentrated; With
(f) rinse water of handling at least a portion step (e) are turned back to first container.
6, according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described organo phosphorous compounds comprises vinyl phosphonate-acrylic copolymer.
7, according to the method for claim 6, wherein, the molecular weight of described multipolymer is 20000-100000.
8, according to the method for claim 6, wherein, described processing contains the described multipolymer of 1-20g/L with solution.
9, according to the method for claim 6, wherein, the described processing solution temperature in step (a) is 49-93 ℃.
10, a kind of method with the substrate of organic polymer coating aluminium alloy comprises:
For improving polymeric coating and surface portion binding property the Aluminium Alloy Plate with described surface portion was carried out pretreated technology before coated polymeric, described technology comprises:
(a) in first container, the Aluminium Alloy Plate that contains aluminum oxide or aluminium hydroxide with the processing of forming by water, organo phosphorous compounds and metal ion basically with the solution-treated surface portion, thereby form the layer of the reaction product that contains described compound and described oxide compound or oxyhydroxide, thereby and with the aluminum ion that obtains after handling with described contaminated aqueous solution, wherein said organo phosphorous compounds be selected from organic phosphoric acid, organic phospho acid, organic phospho acid, these sour salt, these sour esters, these acid inclined to one side salt, these sour partial esters, and composition thereof;
(b) the described solution of at least a portion is transferred in second container of cation exchange resin, described Zeo-karb contains the useful functionalized polymkeric substance of acid groups that is selected from sulfonate group, phosphonyl group, arsenic acid group and hydroxy-acid group, and in second container, aluminum ion is adsorbed on the described resin, thereby produces the solution contain after the processing that described compound and aluminium ion concentration reduce; With
(c) solution after the described processing is turned back to described first container, wherein, described thin plate comprises the aluminium alloy of AA2000,3000,5000,6000 or 7000 series, and
The technology that described layer is coated with the coating composition that contains the polymkeric substance that is selected from polyvinyl chloride, Resins, epoxy and polyester.
CNB998169935A 1999-11-03 1999-11-03 Method for coating aluminium alloy base Expired - Fee Related CN1187473C (en)

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PCT/US1999/025894 WO2001032955A1 (en) 1998-05-07 1999-11-03 Coating an aluminum alloy substrate

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JPWO2011145594A1 (en) * 2010-05-21 2013-07-22 貴和化学薬品株式会社 Chromium-free metal surface treatment agent and metal surface treatment method using the same
CA2984597C (en) * 2015-05-01 2020-06-16 Novelis Inc. Continuous coil pretreatment process
CN113382867A (en) * 2019-01-02 2021-09-10 诺维尔里斯公司 System and method for laminating can lidstock
KR102273220B1 (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-07-05 김준수 Aluminum alloy for enamel coating and method for manufacturing die casted aluminum alloy frying pan

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