CN1187241A - 每个板片的对角上含有被压低的角区由层叠板片构成的板式热交换器 - Google Patents

每个板片的对角上含有被压低的角区由层叠板片构成的板式热交换器 Download PDF

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CN1187241A
CN1187241A CN96194600A CN96194600A CN1187241A CN 1187241 A CN1187241 A CN 1187241A CN 96194600 A CN96194600 A CN 96194600A CN 96194600 A CN96194600 A CN 96194600A CN 1187241 A CN1187241 A CN 1187241A
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plate
exchangers
heat
depressed
lamination
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CN1126936C (zh
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本尼·延森
埃尔高·瑟·彼泽森
耶斯·彼得森
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APV Heat Exchanger AS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/083Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2280/00Mounting arrangements; Arrangements for facilitating assembling or disassembling of heat exchanger parts
    • F28F2280/04Means for preventing wrong assembling of parts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/355Heat exchange having separate flow passage for two distinct fluids
    • Y10S165/356Plural plates forming a stack providing flow passages therein
    • Y10S165/364Plural plates forming a stack providing flow passages therein with fluid traversing passages formed through the plate
    • Y10S165/365Plural plates forming a stack providing flow passages therein with fluid traversing passages formed through the plate including peripheral seal element forming flow channel bounded by seal and heat exchange plates
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/355Heat exchange having separate flow passage for two distinct fluids
    • Y10S165/356Plural plates forming a stack providing flow passages therein
    • Y10S165/364Plural plates forming a stack providing flow passages therein with fluid traversing passages formed through the plate
    • Y10S165/365Plural plates forming a stack providing flow passages therein with fluid traversing passages formed through the plate including peripheral seal element forming flow channel bounded by seal and heat exchange plates
    • Y10S165/367Peripheral seal element between corrugated heat exchange plates

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Stackable Containers (AREA)

Abstract

板式热交换器(1)包括许多块方形板片(2)和夹在叠板(4)中间的垫片(3),叠板(4)中每块板片(2)至少两个对角(7)含有被压低的角区,该角区在凹形弯曲线(9)处与内板区相连,叠板(4)中的板片(2)被压低角区的外轮廓和叠板(4)中接下来的板片(2)被压低角区的内轮廓牢固贴合,这保证了叠板在组装和以后的使用时的对齐。

Description

每个板片的对角上含有被压 低的角区由层叠板片构成的板式热交换器
发明范围
本发明关于板式热交换器,该热交换器包括许多块长方形的板片和夹在叠板中间的垫片。其中板片和垫片形成流道以使热交换介质流过板式热交换器,该流道通过板片上对齐的进流和出流孔填充。
最接近的先有技术
现在通常使用的板式热交换器在同一个板叠中包括4-600块板片,而在同一个热交换器板叠中将多至1000块的板片夹在一起不是不常见的。
由于热交换器所用的介质经常是高压力和温度,一方面必须使用高的夹持力将板片和叠板中间的垫片保持在一起,这样才能保证流道的密封。
但另一方面,叠板中的一些板片承受很高的夹持力,不可避免地在有问题的板片上施加了很高的横向力,有引发横向位移的危险,例如会脱离该叠板。
最糟的是,接着会引起叠板不受控制的变形,因此在流道中会泄漏。
所以,经验证明使板片总能恰当地对齐是非常重要的,不仅在夹持时而且在接下来的用于避免板片变形和不希望有的热交换器损坏时亦是如此。
叠板中的板片的稍稍不对齐还会引起下面的中间垫片不对齐,因此高夹持力将在叠板中一个垫片与下一个垫片之间不均匀分配,这样增加了板片和中间垫片之间的横向力的作用,引起流道泄漏的危险。在极端情况下,会发生垫片的倾斜,最终引起垫片和板片的损坏。
为了避免叠板中的板片的不对齐,人们认识到要引导不同形状的板片对齐排列。
一种普通使用的对齐排列包括其端部与夹持设备相连的上、下导杆。上、下导杆分别插入到对称位于板片上、下边处的孔或切口中。
由于不可避免的切口的制造误差、受压的板片和位于板片之间的垫片的制造误差,在整个板面,从而在板的周边处,高夹持力的均匀作用是不可能的。叠板中的各个板片因此会受到与夹持方向相垂直的方向上力的作用。
上面提到的设计,横向力会增加到一定程度,使板片和相接的垫片之间出现泄漏,或者甚至会使有问题的板片断裂,相应导向杆从边上移出叠片。
横向力进一步增加了导向杆和邻近切口处板材之间摩擦力的作用,当夹持力增加到很高时,防止了板片在导向杆上进一步的滑动。
摩擦力因此聚集在板叠长度上,这不可避免地导致有问题的板片上夹持力的增加,引起板从边上被压出叠片的进一步的危险。
增加板片的横向滑动能力的进一步恶化的原因是由于垫片和板片相对的表面上经常含有用以方便叠片的拆卸的减少摩擦的化合物。
为了避免上述问题,有人提出过几种靠互相贴合而成的带对齐设计的板式热交换器的结构。
其中一种结构在GB2 107 845A中说明过,其叠板中的板片上对齐的进流和出流口设有凸缘段,凸缘段的外轮廓贴合住叠板中下一块板凸缘段的内轮廓。换句话说,凸缘段应该有相对于内板面的凸出物。
经验证明该结构还是不能解决上述问题。相反,由于边上相邻板片的相互滑动,仍然会有叠片不对齐的可能。
目的
本发明的目的是提供一种能牢固且简单组装的板式热交换器,叠板不会出现不可靠的对齐,在使用时热交换器更加能安全且可靠地运行。
发明中的新颖性
本发明的板式热交换器特征在于叠板中每块板至少有两个对角含有压低的角区,该角区在弯曲线处与内板区相连接,该弯曲线用相对于内板面所呈的凹形区,从一个外围板边延伸到该角的另一个相邻的外围板边,其中叠板中一块板的被压低的角区的外轮廓和该叠板中紧跟着的第二块板片被压低的角区的内轮廓可靠贴合。
优点
它使板式热交换器在使用时其流道具有特别可靠的密封,它能以前所未有的快捷方便的方法组装和拆卸板式热交换器。
运行方式
在一块板上对角的外轮廓与叠板中紧相邻的板上对角的内轮廓之间可靠的贴合,保证了快速组装,叠板中的板片被安全导入且互相贴合住。被压低的角区的凹形区进一步保证板相互之间总是能牢固互锁贴合,保持叠板对齐,而不用考虑在制造误差范围内的板尺寸的变化。
在极限受热和压力条件下,对所发明的板式热交换器的试验表明,在板叠中板片能非常稳定和可靠地对齐,在与板的边相平行的横向上以及在绕内板面的旋转方向上,板片没有明显的横向位移。
优选的实施例
在从属权利要求2-8中限定了根据该发明且能说明问题的实施例。
附图描述
参考附图,本发明在下文中可以被解释得更加充分,其中:
图1是所发明的板式热交换器示意性的端部视图,
图2是图1的热交换器板叠中三块连续板片的角部透视图,
图3是另一个实施例的板片角部更详细的端部视图,
图4是图3中沿IV-IV线的剖视图。
优选实施例的详细描述
图1中所示的新颖的板式热交换器包括使用常规方法夹持成叠板4的许多块长方形板片2和中间垫片3,它们可以是如端板加连接螺栓张紧器这种型式。板片2和中间垫片3形成流道5,以便使热交换介质流过热交换器1。通过板片2上对齐的流入和流出孔6,在流道中填充热交换介质。
叠板4中每个板片2的每个角7包括被压低的角区8,在弯曲线9处角区与内板区相连。弯曲线9用相对于内板面所呈的凹形区,从一个外围板边10延伸到角7的另一个相邻的外围板边。这就是说,弯曲线是由直线变成的内板面侧的线。弯曲线必须延伸到外围板边,但在本发明的范围中可以止于离开该边的某一距离处,只要压痕处相对于内板面仍然呈凹形。
在图1和2的实施例中,凹形区弯曲线9是一圆弧,其中心必须位于该角的两相邻板边延伸交汇点。也就是说弯曲线9以一直角与板边10、11相交。
另一种凹形区弯曲线由不同形式的线段构成,如直线段和弧线段,图3和4中示出了这样的实施例,其弯曲线在中间部分是弧线,在与板边相遇的部分是直线。
在所示的实施例中,被压低的角区进一步包括凸缘部分12,在图4中它相对于板表面倾斜延伸。凸缘部分12是皱折13的一部分,它进一步增加了被压低的板角部区域的强度和稳定性。压出的皱折低于所剩余的内板面其他的受压区。板片止于角部平板段14,该平板段也可以被去掉。
用常规的施压工具制造板片,然而应该强调,会让压板技术领域内的技术人员大感意外,在试压时所须的板材要均匀地从内板面拉入凹形弯曲区。
叠板4中板片2的对角7的外轮廓和紧跟着的第二块板片2的对角7的内轮廓之间的可靠贴合保证了板式热交换器的快速组装,在板叠中板片被安全地导入且互相贴合住。被压低的角区的凹形弯曲轮廓9保证了板片2总是能互相牢固地互锁贴合住,维持叠板的对齐,而不用考虑在制造误差内的板片的尺寸偏差。
在极限受热和压力条件下,对所发明的板式热交换器1的试验表明,在叠板中板片2能非常稳定和可靠地对齐,在与板2的边10、11相平行的横向A、B上以及在绕内板面的旋转方向R上板片没有明显的横向位移,如图1所示。
试验还进一步表明,尽管板片外形的几何尺寸,以及板的厚度不同,仍能保持叠板的对齐。和已知的对齐布置相比,对更宽的板片尺寸制造误差,新热交换器叠板的对齐。能保持在可接受的范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种板式热交换器(1),它包括许多块长方形板片(2)和夹在叠板(4)中间的垫片(3),其中板片(2)和垫片(3)形成流道(5),以使热交换介质流过板式热交换器(1),该流道(5)从板片(2)上对齐的进流和出流孔(6)填充,其特征在于叠板(4)中每块板片(2)至少有两个对角(7)包括被压低的角区(8),该角区在弯曲线(9)处与内板区相接,该弯曲线(9)基本上以相对内板面所呈的凹形区,从一个外围板边(10)延伸到角(7)的另一个相邻的外围板边(11),其中叠板(4)中一块板的被压低的角区的外轮廓和该叠板(4)中紧跟着的第二块板片被压低的角区的内轮廓可靠贴合。
2.根据权利要求1的板式热交换器,特征在于弯曲线(9)的凹形区是拱形的。
3.根据权利要求1或2的板式热交换器,特征在于弯曲线(9)的凹形区是一段圆弧。
4.根据权利要求3的板式热交换器,特征在于圆的中心完全位于角(7)的两相邻的外围板边的延伸交汇处。
5.根据权利要求1-4中一个或几个的板式热交换器,其特征在于被压低的板区包括一个在倾斜于板面方向上延伸的凸缘段(12)。
6.根据权利要求1-5中一个或几个的板式热交换器,其特征在于被压低的板区包括一个皱折(13)。
7.根据权利要求1-6中一个或几个的板式热交换器,其特征在于板片(2)全部的四个角(7)具有被压低的角区。
8.根据权利要求1-7中一个或几个的板式热交换器,其特征在于被压下的角区比内板区其他压下的部分要低。
CN96194600A 1995-06-06 1996-06-06 板式热交换器 Expired - Fee Related CN1126936C (zh)

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RU2165570C2 (ru) 2001-04-20
AU5997596A (en) 1996-12-24
EP0830556A1 (en) 1998-03-25
EP0830556B1 (en) 2000-01-26
WO1996039605A1 (en) 1996-12-12
NO310532B1 (no) 2001-07-16
DK63595A (da) 1996-12-07
US5967227A (en) 1999-10-19
AU693705B2 (en) 1998-07-02
DK171957B1 (da) 1997-08-25
KR100396914B1 (ko) 2003-11-19
KR19990022083A (ko) 1999-03-25
PL323664A1 (en) 1998-04-14
JPH11506533A (ja) 1999-06-08
NO975685L (no) 1998-01-30
CN1126936C (zh) 2003-11-05
HK1013600A1 (en) 1999-09-03
NO975685D0 (no) 1997-12-05
UA42071C2 (uk) 2001-10-15
DE69606410T2 (de) 2000-06-08
DE69606410D1 (de) 2000-03-02
PL180346B1 (pl) 2001-01-31
JP3692148B2 (ja) 2005-09-07

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