CN118499390A - A wedge-shaped wire-controlled brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of brakes, and discloses a wedge-shaped linear control brake based on the giant magnetostrictive effect, comprising a sleeve, a brake disc and a floating caliper body for clamping the brake disc, the floating caliper body slides horizontally on a fixed track, a first friction plate and a second friction plate are arranged in the floating caliper body, the first friction plate and the second friction plate are arranged oppositely, and the brake disc is arranged between the first friction plate and the second friction plate; a sleeve is connected to the side of the first friction plate close to the floating caliper body; the sleeve includes a permanent magnet, a telescopic rod and a wedge block assembly arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the end of the wedge block assembly away from the telescopic rod is in contact with the friction plate; the telescopic rod is connected to the inner wall surface of the sleeve through a plurality of springs, and the springs are arranged oppositely based on the axis of the telescopic rod; a driving coil is surrounded and arranged on the outer wall of the telescopic rod. The technical solution of the present invention has a simple structure, light weight, small volume, low energy consumption and is easy to control.

Description

A wedge-shaped wire-controlled brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of brakes, and in particular relates to a wedge-shaped wire-controlled brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect.

Background Art

The giant magnetostrictive effect refers to the phenomenon that certain materials significantly change their size under the action of a magnetic field. Since these materials have a large magnetostriction coefficient, they can provide large displacement and output force while ensuring fast response efficiency.

Brake is a device that slows down, stops or maintains a stationary state. It is commonly used in various types of machinery to slow down or stop moving parts. It is usually called a brake or gate. Its main components include brake racks, brake parts and operating mechanisms, and sometimes also include devices for automatically adjusting the clearance of brake parts.

The wire control brake controls the brake through electrical signals and is divided into electronic hydraulic brake (EHB), electronic mechanical brake (EMB) and electronic wedge brake (EWB).

EHB is an improvement on the traditional hydraulic brake, which uses electronic components to replace some of the original mechanical components and combines the electronic system with the hydraulic system. The electronic pedal, electronic control unit (ECU), hydraulic actuator, etc. constitute the EHB system.

EMB eliminates the hydraulic system and uses the motor as the power source to drive the brake pads to generate braking force. There is no hydraulic oil pipeline in the entire system, so there is no risk of hydraulic oil leakage and the structure is relatively simple.

However, both of the above brakes have their own disadvantages. The hydraulic pressure generation and control in the EHB system is relatively difficult, and the hydraulic system is not conducive to lightweight and there is a risk of hydraulic oil leakage. The braking energy source in the EMB system comes entirely from the brake motor, so the output power of the brake motor is required to be large, which in turn increases the size, mass and energy consumption of the brake motor, which is not conducive to lightweight.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wedge-shaped wire control brake based on the giant magnetostrictive effect to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a wedge-shaped linear control brake based on the giant magnetostrictive effect, comprising a sleeve, a brake disc and a floating caliper for clamping the brake disc, wherein the floating caliper slides horizontally on a fixed track, a first friction plate and a second friction plate are arranged in the floating caliper, the first friction plate and the second friction plate are arranged oppositely, and the brake disc is arranged between the first friction plate and the second friction plate; a sleeve is connected to a side of the first friction plate close to the floating caliper;

The sleeve includes a permanent magnet, a telescopic rod and a wedge block assembly arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the end of the wedge block assembly away from the telescopic rod is in contact with the friction plate; the telescopic rod is connected to the inner wall surface of the sleeve through a plurality of springs, and the springs are arranged relative to each other based on the axis of the telescopic rod; a driving coil is surrounded and arranged on the outer side wall of the telescopic rod.

Optionally, a screw is installed on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the screw is connected in cooperation with any spring.

Optionally, the screw is a preload adjustment screw.

Optionally, there is a gap between the brake disc and the first friction plate and the second friction plate.

Optionally, the wedge block assembly includes a wedge-shaped support block and a wedge-shaped push block, the telescopic rod, the wedge-shaped support block, the wedge-shaped push block and the first friction plate are arranged in sequence, and the wedge surfaces of the wedge-shaped support block and the wedge-shaped push block are arranged to cooperate with each other.

Optionally, the sleeve is a non-magnetic sleeve.

Optionally, the spring is a disc spring.

Optionally, the telescopic rod is a GMM rod.

The technical effects of the present invention are:

The invention provides a wedge-shaped wire-controlled brake based on the giant magnetostrictive effect, which uses the giant magnetostrictive effect as a driving source and controls the brake by controlling the current in the excitation coil. Since the traditional hydraulic drive and motor drive are replaced by the giant magnetostrictive drive, the disadvantages of the EHB system and the EMB system are eliminated. The invention has a simple structure, light weight, small size, low energy consumption and is easy to control, which improves the performance of the brake system and meets market demand.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wedge-shaped brake-by-wire in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a force analysis diagram of a brake in an embodiment of the present invention;

Explanation of the reference numbers: 1. Permanent magnet; 2. Disc spring; 3. Preload adjustment screw; 4. GMM rod; 5. Driving coil; 6. Non-magnetic sleeve; 7. Wedge-shaped support block; 8. Wedge-shaped push block; 9. First friction plate; 10. Brake disc; 11. Floating caliper; 12. Second friction plate.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are given. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an element in the middle; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an element in the middle at the same time; the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only;

The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this article are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and/or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

Embodiment 1

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , a wedge-shaped linear control brake based on the giant magnetostrictive effect is provided in this embodiment, comprising a sleeve, a brake disc 10 and a floating caliper 11 for clamping the brake disc 10, wherein the floating caliper 11 slides horizontally on a fixed track, a first friction plate 9 and a second friction plate 12 are arranged in the floating caliper 11, the first friction plate 9 and the second friction plate 12 are arranged opposite to each other, and the brake disc 10 is arranged between the first friction plate 9 and the second friction plate 12; a sleeve is connected to a side of the first friction plate 9 close to the floating caliper 11; and there is a gap between the brake disc 10 and the first friction plate 9 and the second friction plate 12.

The sleeve includes a permanent magnet 1, a telescopic rod and a wedge block assembly arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the end of the wedge block assembly away from the telescopic rod is in contact and connected with the friction plate 9; the telescopic rod is connected to the inner wall surface of the sleeve through a plurality of springs, and the springs are arranged relative to each other based on the axis of the telescopic rod; a driving coil 5 is surrounded and arranged on the outer wall of the telescopic rod.

It can be implemented that a screw is installed on the outer side wall of the sleeve, and the screw is connected with any spring; the screw adopts a preload adjustment screw 3.

It can be implemented that the wedge block assembly includes a wedge-shaped support block 7 and a wedge-shaped push block 8, and the telescopic rod, wedge-shaped support block 7, wedge-shaped push block 8 and the first friction plate 9 are arranged in sequence, and the wedge surfaces of the wedge-shaped support block 7 and the wedge-shaped push block 8 are arranged to cooperate with each other.

It is feasible that the sleeve is a non-magnetic sleeve 6 ; the spring is a disc spring 2 .

It is feasible that the telescopic rod adopts a GMM rod 4 .

The GMM rod 4 is used as a driving source to push the wedge block, and the thrust generated by it is amplified by the wedge block structure, and the wedge block structure is used to reduce the driving energy consumption. The present invention adopts a separate wedge block design to effectively avoid the problem that the wedge brake is easy to get stuck after braking. This embodiment can quickly respond to braking and improve the safety and reliability of the braking system.

This embodiment is composed of a permanent magnet 1, a disc spring 2, a preload adjustment screw 3, a GMM rod 4, a drive coil 5, a non-magnetic sleeve 6, a wedge-shaped support block 7, a wedge-shaped push block 8, a friction plate, a brake disc 10, and a floating caliper 11. The non-magnetic sleeve 6 contains the permanent magnet 1, the disc spring 2, the GMM rod 4, the drive coil 5, the wedge-shaped support block 7, the wedge-shaped push block 8, the friction plate and other components. The permanent magnet 1 is installed between the non-magnetic sleeve 6 and the GMM rod 4. The function of the permanent magnet 1 is to provide the necessary bias magnetic field so that the GMM rod The mechanical resonance frequency of 4 matches the frequency of the driving magnetic field, thereby preventing the "frequency doubling" effect. The disc spring 2 and the preload adjustment screw 3 are prestressed structures. The pressure of the disc spring 2 is applied by the preload adjustment screw 3, thereby adding prestress to the GMM rod 4. The GMM rod 4 stretches under the action of the magnetic field, thereby transmitting the force to one side of the output end. A certain preload can make the magnetic domains in the GMM rod 4 arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axial force, thereby increasing the deformation of the GMM rod 4 when subjected to the magnetic field, thereby increasing the output. The working principle of this system is that when current flows through the driving coil 5, a certain magnetic field will be generated. Under the action of the magnetic field, the GMM rod 4 overcomes the pressure of the disc spring 2 and deforms. This deformation is converted into a force generated by mechanical displacement through the wedge block pair. Here, the mechanical advantage of the wedge block (self-enhancing effect) is effectively utilized. Finally, this amplified force is used to push the first friction plate 9 to fit tightly against the brake disc 10. Since the caliper body is floating, when the first friction plate 9 is pushed toward the brake disc 10, the caliper body will slide in the opposite direction, so that the second friction plate 12 is also tightly against the brake disc 10, so that the first and second friction plates both apply pressure to the brake disc 10 to achieve vehicle braking. The efficient transmission of braking force is ensured during the entire braking process, providing the vehicle with excellent braking performance.

This embodiment uses a SEPIC circuit to provide driving current for the driving coil 5 of the GMM rod 4. The SEPIC circuit requires a power supply. The main components used are: inductance, polyester capacitors, cement resistors, large-capacity electrolytic capacitors, fast recovery diodes, induction cooker power tubes, etc. The control process of the circuit is as follows: when a brake signal is received, the single-chip microcomputer controls the pin to output a PWM signal with different duty cycles through the brake signal strength output by the electronic brake pedal. The signal controls the opening and closing of the photoelectric coupler, thereby controlling the power tube to be cut off and turned on, so that the SEPIC circuit is continuously turned on and off, thereby outputting driving currents of different strengths, so that the electromagnetic coil generates excitation magnetic fields of different strengths. The excitation magnetic field causes the GMM rod 4 to output a corresponding displacement, thereby pushing the first friction plate 9, eliminating the brake gap between the first friction plate 9 and the brake disc 10, and thus closely adhering to the brake disc 10. Since the floating caliper slides in the opposite direction, the second friction plate 12 also contacts the brake disc 10 and then clamps, and finally achieves vehicle braking.

After braking is completed, the brake pedal is released, the magnetic field applied to the magnetostrictive rod (GMM rod) disappears, the GMM rod 4 returns to its original length, and the wedge-shaped support block 7 returns to its original position together with the GMM rod 4. The wedge-shaped push block 8 cannot make the first friction plate 9 close to the rotating brake disc 10 without the support of the wedge-shaped support block 7. At this time, the contact between the first friction plate 9 and the brake disc 10 is released, the floating caliper slides to its original position, the contact between the second friction plate 12 and the brake disc 10 is also released, and the brake returns to the non-braking state.

The force balance relationship of a wedge-shaped linear control brake based on the giant magnetostrictive effect described in this embodiment is as follows:

FA+FR cosθ-FN＝0 (1)

_{FB -FR} sinθ＝0(2)

FB＝μFN(3)

Where μ is the friction coefficient and θ is the wedge angle. Combining equations (1) to (3), the relationship between the axial driving force _FA and the braking torque _TB can be obtained as shown below:

_FA = (1/μ-cotθ) _FB (4)

It can be obtained that the relationship between the braking torque _TB and the axial driving force _FA is as follows:

Where R is the effective radius of the braking force.

The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A wedge-shaped linear control brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect, characterized in that it comprises a sleeve, a brake disc (10) and a floating caliper (11) for clamping the brake disc (10), wherein the floating caliper (11) slides horizontally on a fixed track, a first friction plate (9) and a second friction plate (12) are arranged in the floating caliper (11), the first friction plate (9) and the second friction plate (12) are arranged opposite to each other, and the brake disc (10) is arranged between the first friction plate (9) and the second friction plate (12); a sleeve is connected to a side of the first friction plate (9) close to the floating caliper (11); The sleeve includes a permanent magnet (1), a telescopic rod and a wedge block assembly arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the end of the wedge block assembly away from the telescopic rod is in contact with the friction plate (9); the telescopic rod is connected to the inner wall surface of the sleeve via a plurality of springs, and the springs are arranged relative to each other based on the axis of the telescopic rod; and a driving coil (5) is surrounded and arranged on the outer wall of the telescopic rod. 2. A wedge-shaped linear control brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect according to claim 1, characterized in that a screw is installed on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the screw is connected with any spring. 3. A wedge-shaped linear control brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect according to claim 2, characterized in that the screw is a preload adjustment screw (3). 4. A wedge-shaped linear control brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a gap between the brake disc (10) and the first friction plate (9) and the second friction plate (12). 5. A wedge-shaped linear control brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the wedge block assembly includes a wedge-shaped support block (7) and a wedge-shaped push block (8), the telescopic rod, the wedge-shaped support block (7), the wedge-shaped push block (8) and the first friction plate (9) are arranged in sequence, and the wedge surfaces of the wedge-shaped support block (7) and the wedge-shaped push block (8) are arranged in cooperation with each other. 6. A wedge-shaped linear control brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the sleeve is a non-magnetic sleeve (6). 7. A wedge-shaped wire control brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring is a disc spring (2). 8. A wedge-shaped wire control brake based on giant magnetostrictive effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the telescopic rod is a GMM rod (4).