CN111503177A

CN111503177A - Lever-type electromagnetic brake

Info

Publication number: CN111503177A
Application number: CN202010443894.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭磊; 李延杰; 张基; 吴昊; 张道林; 谢浩; 鲁浩; 喻宇福; 林政康
Original assignee: Changsha University
Current assignee: Changsha University
Priority date: 2020-05-22
Filing date: 2020-05-22
Publication date: 2020-08-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a lever-type electromagnetic brake, which comprises a shell, an electromagnetic driving mechanism and a lever-type braking mechanism, wherein the electromagnetic driving mechanism and the lever-type braking mechanism are arranged in the shell; the power output end of the electromagnetic driving mechanism is matched with the power input end of the lever mechanism, the electromagnetic driving mechanism drives the lever mechanism to move, the power output end of the lever mechanism is connected with the braking sliding block, the braking sliding block is arranged along the circumferential direction of the external moving shaft, and the lever mechanism pushes the braking sliding block to slide so that the braking sliding block brakes the external moving shaft. The lever type electromagnetic brake aims at solving the problem that the braking torque is small when the traditional electromagnetic brake is used for braking.

Description

Lever-type electromagnetic brake

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical equipment braking, and particularly relates to a lever type electromagnetic brake.

Background

A brake is a device for decelerating, stopping, or maintaining a moving member in a stopped state, and is widely used in machine equipment. The electromagnetic brake used at present consists of an armature, a friction block, an electromagnet and a spring, and the armature and the friction block are controlled to be separated and combined by the electromagnet, so that the braking purpose is achieved. The electromagnetic brake has the problems of small braking torque, high noise, high heat production, low working efficiency and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the traditional electromagnetic brake has small braking torque during braking.

(II) technical scheme

The invention provides a lever-type electromagnetic brake, which comprises a shell, an electromagnetic driving mechanism and a lever-type braking mechanism, wherein the electromagnetic driving mechanism and the lever-type braking mechanism are arranged in the shell; the power output end of the electromagnetic driving mechanism is matched with the power input end of the lever mechanism, the electromagnetic driving mechanism drives the lever mechanism to move, the power output end of the lever mechanism is connected with the braking sliding block, the braking sliding block is arranged along the circumferential direction of the external movement shaft, and the lever mechanism pushes the braking sliding block to slide so that the braking sliding block brakes the external movement shaft.

Optionally, the lever mechanism comprises a long rod, a first short rod, a second short rod and a third short rod; the power output end of the electromagnetic driving mechanism is matched with the long rod, the first end of the first short rod is movably connected with the long rod, the first end of the second short rod and the first end of the third short rod are respectively movably connected with the second end of the first short rod, and the second end of the third short rod is movably connected with the brake sliding block.

Optionally, an angle between the long rod and the first short rod is larger than 90 ° towards the external movement axis.

Optionally, the housing includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing and the second housing form an installation space, and the electromagnetic driving mechanism and the lever type braking mechanism are disposed in the installation space; and a limiting baffle is arranged on the inner wall of the second shell and used for limiting the brake sliding block.

Optionally, the lever-type electromagnetic brake further comprises a fixing block and a fixing ring, the first end of the long rod is mounted on the inner wall of the second shell through the fixing block, and the second end of the second short rod is movably connected with the fixing ring.

Optionally, a tension spring is arranged between the brake sliding block and the fixing ring, one end of the tension spring is connected with the brake sliding block, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the fixing ring.

Optionally, the brake slider comprises a friction plate and a slider, and the friction plate is arc-shaped and is fixedly connected with the slider into a whole.

Optionally, the lever-type electromagnetic brake further includes a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve penetrates through the housing and is sleeved on the power output shaft, the plurality of braking sliders are arranged along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve, and the arc surface of the friction plate is in contact with the surface of the shaft sleeve when the friction plate works.

Optionally, a key groove is formed in the shaft sleeve and used for assembling the external moving shaft.

Optionally, the electromagnetic driving mechanism includes an electromagnet, a spring and an armature, the spring is arranged between the electromagnet and the armature, when the electromagnet is powered on, the electromagnet overcomes the elastic force of the spring to adsorb the armature, when the electromagnet is powered off, the elastic force of the spring pushes the armature to move, and the armature pushes the lever mechanism to move.

Optionally, a plurality of the lever-type braking mechanisms are symmetrically and uniformly distributed.

(III) advantageous effects

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

the lever type electromagnetic brake provided by the invention has the advantages that the driving force generated by the electromagnetic driving mechanism is transmitted to the power input end of the lever mechanism through the power output end of the electromagnetic driving mechanism, the power output end of the lever mechanism is connected with the brake sliding block, the power is transmitted to the brake sliding block through the lever mechanism, the brake sliding block is arranged along the circumferential direction of the external moving shaft, and the power can push the brake sliding block to be close to the external moving shaft, so that the external moving shaft is braked. When the lever type electromagnetic brake is used, the lever type electromagnetic brake is arranged at the rear end of a motor or outside other power output shafts, when the motor is powered off and stopped, the thrust generated by the electromagnetic driving mechanism is amplified through the lever mechanism, and under the same power, the braking torque generated by the lever type electromagnetic brake is multiple times of that of a common electromagnetic brake, so that a larger braking torque is generated, and the external moving shaft stops rotating.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic internal structural diagram of a lever type electromagnetic brake provided by an embodiment of the invention in an operating state;

fig. 2 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a lever-type electromagnetic brake provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second housing in the lever-type electromagnetic brake provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first housing in the lever type electromagnetic brake provided by the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake slider in the lever type electromagnetic brake provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing ring in the lever type electromagnetic brake provided by the embodiment of the invention.

In the figure: 11. a first housing; 111. a mounting flange; 112. a coil slot; 113. a first through hole; 114. a spring limiting hole; 12. a coil; 13. a spring; 14. a shaft sleeve; 141. a keyway; 15. an armature; 21. a second housing; 211. a slideway projection; 212. a limit baffle; 213. a stepped hole; 214. heat dissipation holes; 22. a fixed block; 23. a fixing ring; 231. a tension spring mounting hole; 232 short rod connecting lug; 233. the fixing ring is provided with a lug; 24. a long rod; 25. a first short bar; 26. a second short bar; 27. a third short bar; 28. braking the sliding block; 28a, friction plates; 28b, a slide block; 281. rubbing the arc surface; 282. a tension spring mounting hole; 283. the short rod is connected with the bump; 284. a component force hole; 29. a tension spring.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device including a housing, and an electromagnetic driving mechanism and a lever-type braking mechanism disposed in the housing, wherein an external moving shaft penetrates through the housing, and the lever-type braking mechanism includes a lever mechanism and a braking slider; the power output end of the electromagnetic driving mechanism is matched with the power input end of the lever mechanism, the electromagnetic driving mechanism drives the lever mechanism to move, the power output end of the lever mechanism is connected with the brake sliding block, the brake sliding block 28 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the external moving shaft, and the lever mechanism pushes the brake sliding block 28 to slide so that the brake sliding block 28 brakes the external moving shaft.

In this embodiment, the power output end of the electromagnetic driving mechanism is matched with the power input end of the lever mechanism in various ways, which are not specifically limited herein, and may be fixed connection, movable connection, surface contact, and non-contact when the electromagnetic driving mechanism does not have power output, and contact is started when the electromagnetic driving mechanism has power output, the driving force generated by the electromagnetic driving mechanism is transmitted to the power input end of the lever mechanism through the power output end of the electromagnetic driving mechanism, the power output end of the lever mechanism is connected with the brake slider, the power is transmitted to the brake slider 28 through the lever mechanism, the brake slider 28 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the external moving shaft, and the power can push the brake slider 28 to approach the external moving shaft, so as to realize braking of the external moving shaft.

When the lever type electromagnetic brake is used, the lever type electromagnetic brake is arranged at the rear end of a motor or outside other power output shafts, when the motor is powered off and stopped, the thrust generated by the electromagnetic driving mechanism is amplified through the lever mechanism, and under the same power, the braking torque generated by the lever type electromagnetic brake is multiple times of that of a common electromagnetic brake, so that a larger braking torque is generated, and the external moving shaft stops rotating.

The type of the electromagnetic drive mechanism is not particularly limited as long as the drive force can be generated by electromagnetic induction.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the lever mechanism comprises a long bar 24, a first short bar 25, a second short bar 26, and a third short bar 27; the power output end of the electromagnetic driving mechanism is matched with the long rod 24, the first end of the first short rod 25 is movably connected with the long rod 24, the first end of the second short rod 26 and the first end of the third short rod 27 are respectively movably connected with the second end of the first short rod 25, and the second end of the third short rod 27 is movably connected with the brake sliding block 28.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, one end of the first short rod 25 is pinned to the middle of the long rod 24, and the other end of the first short rod 25 is pinned to the second short rod 26 and the third short rod 27, respectively, wherein the second short rod 26 is pinned to the fixing ring 22, and the third short rod 27 is pinned to the brake slider 28; specifically, the first short rod 25 can be attached to the long rod 24 at any distance from its fulcrum to obtain different magnification of the driving force.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the angle between long bar 24 and first short bar 25 is greater than 90 ° with the apex facing the axis of outward movement. The included angle is larger than 90 degrees, so that when the pressure generated by the long rod 24 on the first short rod 25 is converted into thrust, the thrust is more acted on the third short rod 27, and the third short rod 27 pushes the brake sliding block 28 to slide, so that a better brake effect is achieved.

In this embodiment, the two forces that balance the lever using the principle of leverage are both at one end of the fulcrum, which need not be at both ends of the lever, but can be at one end of the lever.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the housing includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 21, the first housing 11 and the second housing 21 form an installation space, and the electromagnetic driving mechanism and the lever type braking mechanism are disposed in the installation space; the inner wall of the second shell 21 is provided with a limit baffle 212 for limiting the brake sliding block 28.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the second housing 21 is a hollow column, the top (in the direction shown in the figure) is an opening, a stepped hole 213 is formed in the center of the bottom (in the direction shown in the figure) for mounting an external movement shaft, two limit baffles 212 for limiting the movement direction of the brake slider 28 are arranged in parallel in the tangential direction of the stepped hole 213, one or more slide way protrusions 211 are arranged between the two limit baffles 212 for sliding the brake slider 28, a groove adapted to the slide way protrusions 211 is formed in the bottom of the brake slider 28, and the groove is clamped on the slide way protrusions 211 during mounting; mounting portions may be cast around the second housing 21 without limitation to providing mounting flanges 111 on the first housing 11 for mounting of the lever-type electromagnetic brake. The first housing 11 may be a flat cover, and the specific shape is not limited.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the second housing 21 is provided with a heat dissipating hole 214 for dissipating heat during braking, or an outer wall of the second housing 21 is cast into a heat dissipating structure.

Alternatively, a sunken groove is formed in the second housing 21 to limit the deviation of the catch slide 20, and the limit stopper 212 for limiting the deviation of the catch slide 28 may be replaced.

As shown in fig. 4, the first housing 11 is provided with a mounting flange 111, a coil groove 112, a first through hole 113, and a spring stopper hole 114. The mounting flange 111 is used for assembling the first housing 11 and the second housing 21, the coil slot 112 is used for mounting the coil 12, the first through hole 113 is used for penetrating an external moving shaft, and the spring limiting hole 114 is used for mounting the spring 13.

Specifically, the mounting flange 111 is provided with four threaded holes symmetrically distributed along the circumferential direction for fastening the first housing 11 to the second housing 21.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the lever type electromagnetic brake further includes a fixing block 22 and a fixing ring 23, a first end of the long rod 24 is mounted on the inner wall of the second housing 21 through the fixing block 22, and a second end of the second short rod 23 is movably connected with the fixing ring 23.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the fixing ring 23 is provided with a tension spring mounting hole 231, a short rod connecting projection 232 and a fixing ring mounting projection 233; the tension spring mounting hole 231 is used to mount one end of the tension spring 29 on the fixing ring 23, the short bar connecting projection 232 is used to connect the second short bar 26 with the fixing ring 23, and the fixing ring mounting projection 233 is used to fasten the fixing ring 23 with the second housing 21.

In a specific embodiment, the lever-type electromagnetic brake may not have the fixing ring 23 and the long rod 24, but directly connect to the brake slider 28 through a connecting rod, without a plurality of connecting rods in the middle, and cast or provide a tension spring hole for installing the tension spring 29 on the inner wall of the second housing 21.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a tension spring 29 is disposed between the catch slider 28 and the fixing ring 23, one end of the tension spring 29 is connected to the catch slider 28, and the other end of the tension spring 29 is connected to the fixing ring 23.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the tension spring 29 is used to control the brake slider 28 to move back and forth in the limit baffle 212, one end of the tension spring 29 is connected with the fixing ring 23, the other end of the tension spring 29 is connected with the brake slider 28, the brake slider 28 can be set to be a trapezoid-like structure, the lower bottom of the shaft sleeve 14 is set to be a concave arc surface matched with the outer wall of the shaft sleeve 14, and the tension spring 29 can be set to be multiple or single and can be installed at any position in the second housing 21. A mounting hole can be formed in the brake slider 28, and the other end of the tension spring 29 is inserted into the mounting hole and connected with the brake slider 28.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the catcher slider 28 includes a friction plate 28a and a slider 28b, and the friction plate 28a is curved and is fixedly connected with the slider 28 b.

In this embodiment, the friction plate 28a includes a friction arc 281, the slider 28b includes a tension spring mounting hole 282, a short rod coupling protrusion 283 and a force component hole 284, the tension spring mounting hole 282 is used for fixedly mounting one end of the tension spring 29 on the brake slider 28, and the short rod coupling protrusion 283 is used for movably coupling the second end of the third short rod 27 to the brake slider 28.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 5, the slider 28b is provided with a component force hole 284 along the thickness direction. Specifically, the thickness direction of the slider 28b refers to a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the friction arc 281, and the component force hole 284 functions to disperse the force received by the drag slider 28 throughout the friction arc 281.

Specifically, the friction plate 28a and the slider 28b may be fixed together by different methods such as adhesion, screwing, embedding, etc., and are not limited to a certain fixed connection method.

Optionally, the friction plate 28a is a wear resistant resin. The wear-resistant resin has good wear resistance and low heat generation. The friction plate 28a may be a mixture of metal powder and wear-resistant resin, or a composite wear-resistant material other than the above.

In some optional embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the lever-type electromagnetic brake further includes a shaft sleeve 14, the shaft sleeve 14 is disposed through the housing and sleeved on the external moving shaft, a plurality of braking sliders 28 are disposed along a circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve 14, and an arc surface of each of the braking sliders 28a contacts a surface of the shaft sleeve 14 when the friction plate 28a operates. Since the friction plate 28a has a small contact area with the sleeve 14, heat and noise generated during braking are small

Optionally, the shaft sleeve 14 is provided with a second through hole for reducing noise generated by friction and dissipating heat during braking.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, bushing 14 has a keyway 141 formed therein for receiving an external moving shaft. Specifically, the interior of sleeve 14 may be coupled to the external input shaft by gear teeth, splines, or the like.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the electromagnetic driving mechanism includes an electromagnet, a spring 13 and an armature 15, the spring 13 is disposed between the electromagnet and the armature 15, the electromagnet attracts the armature 15 against the elastic force of the spring 13 when the electromagnet is energized, the armature 15 is pushed to move by the elastic force of the spring 13 when the electromagnet is de-energized, and the armature 15 pushes the lever mechanism to move.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the electromagnet may be a housing cover 11 generating a magnetic force under the action of an energized coil 12, the coil 12 may be embedded in the first housing 11, the armature 15 may be arranged in an inverted L shape, the upper end face of the armature 15 should cover the yoke portion of the whole electromagnet, so that the magnetic force of the electromagnet is received as much as possible to generate a sufficiently large initial driving force, the spring 13 may be arranged by arranging a spring mounting groove in the first housing 11, and fixing one end of the spring 13 at the bottom of the mounting groove, the lever mechanism in this embodiment of the present invention is used as a force-increasing mechanism, which geometrically amplifies the initial driving force provided by the electromagnetic driving mechanism, thereby generating a sufficiently large braking torque.

In a particular embodiment, the lever brake is mounted on the rear end of a motor or other power take-off shaft when in use. When the motor is electrified, the first shell 11 generates magnetic force under the action of the electrified coil 12 to adsorb the armature 15, the magnetic force borne by the armature 15 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 13 and moves towards the first shell 11, the tension spring 29 pulls the brake slider 28 outwards, the friction plate 28a is not in contact with the shaft sleeve 14, and the external motion shaft can normally rotate; when the motor is powered off, the magnetic force disappears, the spring 13 pushes the armature 15 to move towards the second shell 21, the tail end of the armature 15 applies pressure to the long rod 24, the long rod 24 moves downwards around the fulcrum because the fulcrum of the lever mechanism is fixed, the pressure generated by the long rod 24 is converted into thrust force through the first short rod 25, the second short rod 26 and the third short rod 27 and is transmitted to the brake slider 28, the brake slider 28 overcomes the tension force of the tension spring 29 to move forwards until the friction plate 28a is in close contact with the shaft sleeve 14, and therefore friction torque is generated, and the machine stops rotating in a short time.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the plurality of lever brake mechanisms are symmetrically and uniformly distributed. In a specific embodiment, the two lever-type braking mechanisms are symmetrically distributed, so that the thrust on the shaft sleeve 14 is more uniform, and the braking of an external moving shaft arranged in the shaft sleeve 14 is facilitated.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lever type electromagnetic brake is characterized by comprising a shell, an electromagnetic driving mechanism and a lever type braking mechanism, wherein the electromagnetic driving mechanism and the lever type braking mechanism are arranged in the shell, an external moving shaft penetrates through the shell, and the lever type braking mechanism comprises a lever mechanism and a braking sliding block (28); the power output end of the electromagnetic driving mechanism is matched with the power input end of the lever mechanism, the electromagnetic driving mechanism drives the lever mechanism to move, the power output end of the lever mechanism is connected with the braking sliding block, the braking sliding block is arranged along the circumferential direction of the external moving shaft, and the lever mechanism pushes the braking sliding block (28) to slide so that the braking sliding block (28) brakes the external moving shaft.

2. A lever type electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said lever mechanism comprises a long lever (24), a first short lever (25), a second short lever (26) and a third short lever (27); the power take off of electromagnetism actuating mechanism with stock (24) cooperation, the first end of first quarter butt (25) with stock (24) swing joint, the first end of second quarter butt (26), the first end of third quarter butt (27) respectively with the second of first quarter butt (25) holds swing joint, the second of third quarter butt (27) hold with braking slider (28) swing joint.

3. A lever type electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the angle between the long lever (24) and the first short lever (25) is such that the point of the angle formed between them is greater than 90 ° towards the axis of external movement.

4. A lever-type electromagnetic brake as defined in claim 2, wherein said housing comprises a first housing (11) and a second housing (21), said first housing (11) and said second housing (21) forming an installation space, said electromagnetic drive mechanism and said lever-type brake mechanism being disposed in said installation space; and a limiting baffle (212) is arranged on the inner wall of the second shell (21) and used for limiting the brake sliding block (28).

5. A lever type electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a fixing block (22) and a fixing ring (23), wherein a first end of the long rod (24) is mounted on the inner wall of the second housing (21) through the fixing block (22), and a second end of the second short rod (26) is movably connected with the fixing ring (23).

6. A lever type electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that a tension spring (29) is provided between the brake slider (28) and the fixed ring (23), one end of the tension spring (29) is connected to the brake slider (28), and the other end of the tension spring (29) is connected to the fixed ring (23).

7. A lever type electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said braking slider (28) comprises a friction plate (28a) and a slider (28b), said friction plate (28a) being arc-shaped and fixedly connected integrally with said slider (28 a).

8. The lever type electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a bushing (14), wherein the bushing (14) is disposed through the housing and sleeved on the power output shaft, a plurality of braking sliders (28b) are disposed along a circumferential direction of the bushing (14), and an arc surface of the friction plate (28a) contacts with a surface of the bushing (14) when the friction plate operates.

9. A lever type electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 8, wherein said boss is internally splined for mounting said external moving shaft.

10. A lever type electromagnetic brake as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic drive mechanism comprises an electromagnet, a spring (13) and an armature (15), the spring (13) is arranged between the electromagnet and the armature (15), the electromagnet overcomes the elastic force of the spring (13) to adsorb the armature (15) when the electromagnet is powered on, the elastic force of the spring (13) pushes the armature (15) to move when the electromagnet is powered off, and the armature (15) pushes the lever mechanism to move.