CN118401504A - 作为香味化合物的氧杂大环麝香 - Google Patents
作为香味化合物的氧杂大环麝香 Download PDFInfo
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- CN118401504A CN118401504A CN202180105001.0A CN202180105001A CN118401504A CN 118401504 A CN118401504 A CN 118401504A CN 202180105001 A CN202180105001 A CN 202180105001A CN 118401504 A CN118401504 A CN 118401504A
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
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- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 allylic halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 76
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/0069—Heterocyclic compounds
- C11B9/0073—Heterocyclic compounds containing only O or S as heteroatoms
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Abstract
本发明属于香味物质领域,并涉及新的根据通式(I)的氧杂大环香味化合物,其具有麝香基香调以及改进的生物降解性,并且还具有改进的化学稳定性。本发明还涉及制备这些化合物的方法。另外,本发明还涉及包含一种或多种本发明化合物的香味组合物。此外,本发明还涉及这些化合物或香味组合物作为气味剂的用途或者用于改进香味化合物或香味组合物的定香性的用途以及用于制备芳香产品的用途。此外,本发明因此还涉及所述化合物或组合物用于制备芳香产品的用途以及芳香产品本身。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于香味物质领域,并涉及新的根据通式(I)的氧杂大环香味化合物,其具有麝香基香调以及改进的生物降解性,并且还具有改进的稳定性。本发明还涉及制备这些化合物的方法。另外,本发明还涉及包含一种或多种本发明化合物的香味组合物。此外,本发明还涉及这些化合物或香味组合物作为气味剂的用途或者用于改进香味化合物或香味组合物的定香性(fixation)的用途以及用于制备芳香产品的用途。此外,本发明还涉及所述化合物或组合物用于制备芳香产品的用途以及芳香产品本身。
背景技术
麝香是在香水业中已被确认为基调的一类芳香族物质。它们包括得自动物(例如麝)的腺体分泌物、散发类似香味物质的多种植物,以及具有类似气味的人造物质。麝香的名字最初是指得自麝的腺体的具有强烈气味的物质。该物质自古以来就已经被用作流行的定香剂,并且是世界上最昂贵的动物产品之一。它适用于具有类似嗅觉味道的多种植物和动物(例如麝牛),并且已经涵盖具有类似气味的各种各样的芳香族物质,尽管它们的化学结构和分子形状通常不同。
一种已知的具有麝香的特征气味的有机化合物是麝香酮,它由在3位具有一个甲基取代基的15元环酮组成。它是一种油性液体,其是作为(-)-对映异构体,(R)-3-甲基-环十五烷酮天然存在的。缺点是,麝香酮在水中的溶解度仅非常小,并且具有差的生物可降解性。
然而,对于具有强烈麝香嗅觉特性并且既具有化学稳定又具有生物降解性的合成物质的寻求非常高。
特别地,需要充分的化学稳定性以保证产品配制剂中香味材料的稳定性,以及因此保证芳香产品本身的稳定性,进而确保具有恒定气味的高产品品质(即高气味稳定性)。所述香味材料的降解可能会导致不希望的异味、变色等。
另外,在可持续性方面,对于具有显著改进的生物降解性的化合物,和特别是香味物质的需求日益增加。因此,化合物的增强的水溶性是一个巨大的优势。
发明内容
因此,本发明的主要目的是提供新的麝香香味化合物,其表现出极好的气味特性,同时还具有化学稳定性和生物可降解性。
现在已经惊奇地发现,新的根据通式(I)的氧杂大环化合物具有明显的天然的、平衡的和强烈的麝香气味,以及高的稳定性和增强的持久性,从而提供了适用于广泛应用的优异的香味材料。另外,所述新的根据通式(I)的化合物具有改进的水溶性并且因此具有较好的生物可降解性。
发明概述
在第一方面,本发明涉及通式(I)的化合物:
其中,在所述通式(I)中
-X代表亚甲基或亚乙基,其任选被甲基基团取代;
-Y代表亚甲基或O;
-R1代表H、甲基基团或乙基基团;
-R2代表H、甲基基团或乙基基团;
-Z代表任选取代的C2、C3、C4、C5、C6或C7烷基基团;并且
任选地,其中在至少一个虚线位置处存在C=C双键;
或所述通式(I)的化合物的立体异构体,特别是对映异构体。
在第二方面,本发明涉及一种香味组合物,其包含至少一种根据本发明的化合物和至少一种另外的香味物质。
在第三方面,本发明涉及生产根据本发明的通式(I)的化合物的方法。所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)制备根据通式(II)的烯烃:
其中n=7或n=8;
其中R代表H、甲基或乙基;
其中Y代表亚甲基或O,和
(2)使在步骤(1)中制备的烯烃进行烯烃复分解以产生所述通式(I)的化合物。
在第四方面,本发明涉及根据本发明的化合物或包含根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物作为气味剂或香味化合物的用途或者用于改进香味化合物或包含香味化合物的组合物的定香性的用途或者用于制备芳香产品的用途。
在另一个方面,本发明涉及包含根据本发明的化合物的芳香产品或者包含根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物。
在又一个方面,本发明涉及一种芳香产品,其包含有效量的根据本发明的化合物或包含根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物,以及载体或底物。
最后,本发明涉及一种如所限定的芳香产品,其包含根据本发明的化合物或包含根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物,其中所述芳香产品是香水油、香水基质、个人卫生用配制剂、清洁剂或空气清新剂。
发明人已经确定的是,所述新的根据通式(I)的化合物具有明显的麝香气味,部分地带有奶油、动物和脂粉香调,以及具有高的持久性。另外,根据本发明的化合物表现出改进的化学稳定性和改进的水溶性,并且因此在它们的生物可降解性方面得到改进。
发明详述
根据本发明,上述目的是通过以下化合物实现的:通式(I)的氧杂大环化合物,
其中,在所述通式(I)中:
-X代表亚甲基或亚乙基,其任选被甲基基团取代;
-Y代表亚甲基或O;
-R1代表H、甲基基团(CH3)或乙基基团;
-R2代表H、甲基基团或乙基基团;
-Z代表任选取代的C2、C3、C4、C5、C6或C7烷基基团;并且
任选地,其中在至少一个虚线位置处存在C=C双键,
或所述通式(I)的氧杂大环化合物的立体异构体,特别是对映异构体。
通式(I)的化合物具有突出的、平衡的和特征性的麝香气味特征,其带有动物、奶油、脂粉和埃尔贡(ergon)香调,以及显著的持久性。基于额外的奶油和脂粉的细微差别,目前开发的化合物适合用作替代性香味材料,其具有增强的次要特性,并且因此具有更自然的气味特征,增加了奶油和脂粉的谐香,其可被有利地并入到多种配制剂中以产生更加有活力的气息。因此,本发明提供了奶油和脂粉香调连同动物和麝香香调。
另外,本文中描述的氧杂大环化合物(其另外还包含所述酮)出人意料地既具有强烈的麝香气味,又具有显著改进的水溶性,同时还具有化学稳定性。因此,这些化合物非常适合用作香味物质或在香味混合物中使用以及适合于在包含这些香味物质或香味混合物的制剂中使用,所述香味物质或香味混合物具有较好的生物可降解性,这意味着更具可持续性。
已经发现如下这些根据本发明的化合物出人意料地显示出非常强烈的麝香气味,同时在水中具有很高的溶解度,并且是化学稳定的,在这些化合物中,在所述通式(I)中:
-X代表亚甲基;
-Y代表亚甲基或O;
-R1代表H或甲基基团;
-R2代表H或甲基基团;和
-所述化合物在任意的带有虚线的位置处具有至少一个C=C双键。
通常,本领域技术人员清楚的是,当Y代表O时,R1不存在。
发明人发现,衣物粘附性(adherence on laundry)取决于根据本发明的氧杂大环化合物的环大小。
因此,令人惊奇地已经发现,作为15元环或16元环的根据式(I)的化合物具有显著改进的水溶性以及改进的衣物粘附性,同时仍含有强烈的麝香气味。
因此,根据通式(I)的化合物优选为13至18元环,更优选14至17元环,特别是15或16元环。
由于根据通式(I)的氧杂大环化合物的环大小与由Z代表的任选取代的C2、C3、C4、C5、C6或C7烷基基团有关,因此根据通式(I)的化合物是14元环,且Z代表任选取代的C3烷基基团;或者,根据通式(I)的化合物是15元环,且Z代表任选取代的C4烷基基团;或者根据通式(I)的化合物是16元环,且Z代表任选取代的C5烷基基团;或者根据通式(I)的化合物是17元环,且Z代表任选取代的C6烷基基团;或者根据通式(I)的化合物是18元环,且Z代表任选取代的C7烷基基团。
在一个优选的变体中,根据本发明的通式(I)的化合物在分子中标示的其它虚线的位置处包含C=C双键。
所述虚线是在结构式中表达这些选项的最简洁的方式。含义对于本领域技术人员来说也是显而易见的,并且其实施方案可以从实施例中识别。
然而,对于其中R2代表H的式(I)的实施方案,实现了水溶性、化学稳定性和气味特征的最佳组合。
令人惊奇地,已经发现其中R2代表H和其中X代表亚甲基的式(I)的实施方案具有改进的水溶性和气味特征。
然而,对于其中X代表亚甲基,其中Y代表亚甲基,其中R2代表H,其中Z代表C4烷基基团和其中所述C=C双键位于6和7位的式(I)的实施方案,实现了水溶性、化学稳定性和气味特征的最佳组合。
特别地,根据本发明的一个优选实施方案是1-氧杂环十五碳-6-烯-3-酮(A)。
在一个替代性变体中,对于其中X代表亚甲基,其中Y代表亚甲基,其中R2代表H,其中Z代表C5烷基基团和其中所述C=C双键位于6和7位的式(I)的实施方案,实现了优异的水溶性、化学稳定性和气味特征。
特别地,根据本发明的另一个优选实施方案是1-氧杂环十六碳-6-烯-3-酮(B)。
两种化合物,A和B各自都具有亲水性和疏水性的优化且均衡的比例,并且因此除了具有强烈的麝香气味外,还具有改进的生物降解性。
其中R2代表烷基基团,优选甲基基团或乙基基团的通式(I)的实施方案既具有良好的水溶性,又具有化学稳定性。另外,这些实施方案还显示出强烈的麝香气味。
因此,在一个替代性变体中,其中R2代表甲基基团的通式(I)的实施方案显示出独特的气味特性,同时仍具有良好的水溶性和化学稳定性。
在一个优选的实施方案中,由其中X代表亚甲基,其中Y代表亚甲基,其中R2代表甲基基团,其中Z代表C5烷基基团和其中所述C=C双键位于6和7位的根据通式(I)的化合物实现了优异的水溶性、化学稳定性和强烈的气味特性。
因此,根据本发明的另一个优选实施方案是6-甲基-1-氧杂环十六碳-6-烯-3-酮(C)。
另外,发明人发现,其中Y代表O的式(I)的实施方案仍具有强烈的气味特征,并且进一步具有改进的水溶性。
因此,由以下化合物获得了具有改进水溶性的根据本发明的替代性变体:通式(I)的化合物,其中X代表亚甲基,其中Y代表O和其中该化合物在分子中标示的其它虚线的位置处包含C=C双键。
优选以下通式(I)的化合物,其中X代表亚乙基,其中Y代表O,和其中该化合物在分子中标示的其它虚线的位置处包含C=C双键,在该化合物中,Z代表C5烷基基团。
这样的16元环化合物具有改进的水溶性行为和高的耐化学性。
特别地,根据本发明的另一个优选的实施方案是1,5-二氧杂环十六碳-14-烯-3-酮(D)。
为了获得具有改进的水溶性行为和耐化学性以及进一步改进的衣物粘附性的根据通式(I)的化合物,在所述化合物中,Z代表C6烷基基团。
优选以下通式(I)的化合物,其中X代表亚乙基,其中Y代表O,和其中该化合物在分子中标示的其它虚线的位置处包含C=C双键,在该化合物中,Z代表C6烷基基团。
特别地,根据本发明的另一个优选的实施方案是1,5-二氧杂环十七碳-15-烯-3-酮(E)。
在第三方面,本发明涉及生产根据本发明的通式(I)的化合物的方法。所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)制备根据通式(II)的烯烃:
-其中n=7或n=8;
-其中R代表H、甲基或乙基;
-其中Y代表亚甲基或O;和
(2)使在步骤(1)中制备的烯烃进行烯烃复分解以得到所述通式(I)的化合物。
根据本发明的方法提供了用于获得根据通式(I)的氧杂大环香味化合物的简单且廉价的途径,所述化合物具有麝香基香调以及改进的生物降解性,并且进一步具有改进的化学稳定性。
可以从通式(III)的烯丙基醇开始获得根据通式(II)的烯烃的制备:
-其中n=7或n=8。
在第一步骤中,根据通式(III)的烯丙基醇与卤代乙酸酯反应以生成醚。
在第二步骤中,得自所述第一步骤的醚与取代或非取代的烯丙基卤化物反应以生成烯丙基化的醚化合物。
以及在第三步骤中,使得自所述第二步骤的烯丙基化的醚化合物脱羧。
因此,通式(II)的烯烃可容易地由可商购获得的且廉价的通式(III)的烯丙基醇获得。
或者,取决于希望的通式(I)的化合物,可从通式(III)的烯丙基醇开始获得根据通式(II)的烯烃:
其中n=7或n=8。
在第一步骤中,所述烯丙基醇反应成环氧乙烷。
在第二步骤中,用烯丙基醇使得自所述第一步骤的环氧乙烷进行开环反应以生成叔醇。
在第三步骤中,将得自所述第二步骤的叔醇氧化。
因此,通式(II)的烯烃可容易地由可商购获得的且廉价的通式(III)的烯丙基醇获得。
使根据通式(II)的烯烃进行烯烃复分解可通过使用可商购获得的催化剂,例如格拉布(Grubbs)催化剂来实现。
在本说明书中,每当提及通式(I)的化合物时,这均被视为指所有立体异构体,特别是指所有对映异构体,无论是异构纯的立体异构体还是任何它们的立体异构体的混合物。出于经济原因,优选作为以下形式使用所述化合物:它们的立体异构体的混合物,特别是它们的对映异构体的混合物。
因此,通式(I)的化合物以如下形式存在:
(a)纯光学活性对映异构体;
(b)所述对映异构体的外消旋混合物;或
(c)多种对映异构体的光学活性混合物。
因此,本发明还公开了在本申请含义内的任何上述化合物的混合物和/或任何上述立体异构体的混合物,以及此类化合物和/或混合物的用途。
通常,在本发明的上下文中,术语“式(I)的化合物”既指单独的式(I)化合物(以及它们的异构体形式),也指任何混合比例的式(I)化合物(和异构体形式)的所有混合物。也就是说,在以下说明书中关于“式(I)化合物”的表述既适用于单独的式(I)化合物、单独的异构体形式,也适用于任何混合比例的由式(I)化合物和它们的异构体形式组成的混合物或包含式(I)化合物和它们的异构体形式的混合物。因此,本发明涉及单独的根据本发明的化合物本身,或者也涉及根据本发明的化合物的混合物。
另外,参照通式(I)及其中所含的任意C=C双键,所述化合物以几何异构体的形式存在,即以Z和E构型存在。
根据本发明的通式(I)的化合物可要么作为单独的物质使用,要么在具有至少一种其它已知的香味物质的混合物中使用,所述其它已知的香味物质选自宽范围的天然和合成的物质,这些物质可以在大量的香味混合物中和/或在具有一种或多种通常与在香味组合物中的气味剂联合使用的成分或辅料,例如本领域中常用的载体材料和其它助剂的掺混物中获得。
因此,在第二方面,本发明涉及一种香味组合物,其包含至少一种根据本发明的化合物和至少一种另外的香味物质。
以下明确指出的香味物质可要么作为单独的物质使用,要么在具有至少一种、两种、三种或甚至更多种香味物质的混合物中使用,在大量的选自宽范围的天然和合成物质的香味混合物中使用。
有利地适合于组合的香味物质列举在例如以下文献中:S.Arctander,Perfumeand Flavor Materials(香水和调味材料),第I和II卷,Montclair,N.J.1969,私人出版,和/或H.Surburg,J.Panten,Common Fragrance and Flavor Materials(常用香味和调味材料),第六版,Wiley-VCH,Weinheim 2016。以下列举的物质包含已知气味剂的实例,它们有利地适合于与本发明的化合物及其混合物组合:
天然原料的提取物,例如精油,浸膏,净油,树脂,香树脂,香膏,酊剂,例如:龙涎香酊剂;香树油;当归籽油;当归根油;茴香油;缬草油;罗勒油;树苔净油;月桂油;青蒿油;安息香树脂;佛手柑油;蜂蜡净油;桦木焦油;苦杏仁油;香薄荷油;布枯叶油;卡勃莱瓦木油;杜松油;石菖蒲油;樟脑油;卡南加油;小豆蔻油;卡藜油;肉桂油;金合欢净油;海狸香净油;雪松叶油;香柏油;岩蔷薇油;香茅油;柠檬油;古巴香膏;古巴香膏油;芫荽油;木香根油;枯茗油;丝柏油;印蒿油;莳萝叶油;莳萝籽油;eau de brouts净油;橡苔净油;榄香油;龙蒿油;柠檬桉油;桉树油;小茴香油;松针油;格蓬油;格蓬树脂;天竺葵油;葡萄柚油;愈创木油;古云香膏;古云香膏油;蜡菊净油;蜡菊油;姜油;鸢尾根净油;鸢尾根油;茉莉净油;石菖蒲油;蓝甘菊油;罗马甘菊油;胡萝卜籽油;卡藜油;松针油;留兰香油;葛缕子油;劳丹油;劳丹净油;劳丹树脂;杂薰衣草净油;杂薰衣草油;薰衣草净油;薰衣草油;柠檬草油;独活油;蒸馏莱姆油;压榨莱姆油;芳樟油;山苍子油;月桂叶油;肉豆蔻衣油;马郁兰油;橘子油;香厚壳桂皮油;含羞草净油;麝葵子油;麝香酊剂;香紫苏油;肉豆蔻油;没药净油;没药油;香桃木油;丁香叶油;丁香花蕾油;橙花油;乳香净油;乳香油;红没药油;橙花净油;橙油;牛至油;玫瑰草油;广藿香油;紫苏籽油;秘鲁香膏油;欧芹叶油;欧芹籽油;橙叶油;薄荷油;辣椒油;多香果油;松油;胡薄荷油;玫瑰净油;花梨木油;玫瑰油;迷迭香油;达尔马汀鼠尾草油;西班牙鼠尾草油;檀香油;芹菜籽油;穗熏衣草油;八角茴香油;苏合香油;万寿菊油;冷杉油;茶树油;松节油;百里香油;吐鲁香脂;黑香豆净油;夜来香净油;香草精;紫罗兰净油;马鞭草油;香根草油;杜松浆果油;康酿克油;苦艾油;冬青油;依兰依兰油;海索油;灵猫净油;桂叶油;桂皮油,以及它们的馏分或从中分离的成分;
来自包含烃的组中的单个香味物质,例如:3-蒈烯;α-蒎烯;β-蒎烯;α-萜品烯;γ-萜品烯;对-伞花烃;红没药烯;莰烯;石竹烯;柏木烯;法尼烯;柠檬烯;长叶烯;月桂烯;罗勒烯;巴伦西亚橘烯;(E,Z)-1,3,5-十一碳三烯;苯乙烯;二苯基甲烷;
脂肪族醇,例如:己醇;辛醇;3-辛醇;2,6-二甲基庚醇;2-甲基-2-庚醇;2-甲基-2-辛醇;(E)-2-己烯醇;(E)-和(Z)-3-己烯醇;1-辛烯-3-醇;3,4,5,6,6-五甲基-3,4-庚烯-2-醇和3,5,6,6-四甲基-4-亚甲基庚-2-醇的混合物;(E,Z)-2,6-壬二烯醇;3,7-二甲基-7-甲氧基辛-2-醇;9-癸烯醇;10-十一烯醇;4-甲基-3-癸烯-5-醇;
脂肪族醛及其缩醛,例如:己醛;庚醛;辛醛;壬醛;癸醛;十一醛;十二醛;十三醛;2-甲基辛醛;2-甲基壬醛;(E)-2-己烯醛;(Z)-4-庚烯醛;2,6-二甲基-5-庚烯醛;10-十一烯醛;(E)-4-癸烯醛;2-十二烯醛;2,6,10-三甲基-9-十一烯醛;2,6,10-三甲基-5,9-十一碳二烯醛;庚醛二乙基缩醛;1,1-二甲氧基-2,2,5-三甲基-4-己烯;香茅基氧基乙醛;1-(1-甲氧基丙氧基)-(E/Z)-3-己烯;
脂肪族酮及其肟,例如:2-庚酮;2-辛酮;3-辛酮;2-壬酮;5-甲基-3-庚酮;5-甲基-3-庚酮肟;2,4,4,7-四甲基-6-辛烯-3-酮;6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮;
脂肪族含硫化合物,例如:3-甲硫基-己醇;乙酸3-甲硫基己酯;3-巯基己醇;乙酸3-巯基己酯;丁酸3-巯基己酯;乙酸3-乙酰基硫基己酯;1-薄荷烯-8-硫醇;
脂肪族腈,例如:2-壬烯酸腈;2-十一烯酸腈;2-十三烯酸腈;3,12-十三碳二烯酸腈;3,7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯酸腈;3,7-二甲基-6-辛烯酸腈;
脂肪族羧酸的酯,例如:甲酸(E)-和(Z)-3-己烯酯;乙酰乙酸乙酯;乙酸异戊酯;乙酸己酯;乙酸3,5,5-三甲基己酯;乙酸3-甲基-2-丁烯酯;乙酸(E)-2-己烯酯;乙酸(E)-和(Z)-3-己烯酯;乙酸辛酯;乙酸3-辛酯;乙酸1-辛烯-3-基酯;丁酸乙酯;丁酸丁酯;丁酸异戊酯;丁酸己酯;异丁酸(E)-和(Z)-3-己烯酯;巴豆酸己酯;异戊酸乙酯;2-甲基戊酸乙酯;己酸乙酯;己酸烯丙酯;庚酸乙酯;庚酸烯丙酯;辛酸乙酯;(E,Z)-2,4-癸二烯酸乙酯;2-辛炔酸甲酯;2-壬炔酸甲酯;2-异戊氧基乙酸烯丙酯;3,7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯酸甲酯;巴豆酸4-甲基-2-戊酯;
无环萜烯醇,例如:香茅醇;香叶醇;橙花醇;芳樟醇;薰衣草醇;橙花叔醇;法尼醇;四氢芳樟醇;四氢香叶醇;2,6-二甲基-7-辛烯-2-醇;2,6-二甲基辛-2-醇;2-甲基-6-亚甲基-7-辛烯-2-醇;2,6-二甲基-5,7-辛二烯-2-醇;2,6-二甲基-3,5-辛二烯-2-醇;3,7-二甲基-4,6-辛二烯-3-醇;3,7-二甲基-1,5,7-辛三烯-3-醇;2,6-二甲基-2,5,7-辛三烯-1-醇;以及它们的甲酸酯、乙酸酯、丙酸酯、异丁酸酯、丁酸酯、异戊酸酯、戊酸酯、己酸酯、巴豆酸酯、惕各酸酯(tiglinates)和3-甲基-2-丁烯酸酯;
无环萜烯醛和酮,例如:香叶醛;橙花醛;香茅醛;7-羟基-3,7-二甲基辛醛;7-甲氧基-3,7-二甲基辛醛;2,6,10-三甲基-9-十一烯醛;香叶基丙酮;以及香叶醛、橙花醛、7-羟基-3,7-二甲基辛醛的二甲基和二乙基缩醛;
环状萜烯醇,例如:薄荷醇;异蒲勒醇;α-萜品醇;萜品醇-4;薄荷-8-醇;薄荷-1-醇;薄荷-7-醇;冰片;异冰片;氧化芳樟醇;诺卜醇;雪松醇;龙涎醇;香根草醇;愈创木醇;以及它们的甲酸酯、乙酸酯、丙酸酯、异丁酸酯、丁酸酯、异戊酸酯、戊酸酯、己酸酯、巴豆酸酯、惕各酸酯和3-甲基-2-丁烯酸酯;
环状萜烯醛和酮,例如:薄荷酮;异薄荷酮;8-巯基薄荷-3-酮;香芹酮;樟脑;葑酮;α-紫罗兰酮;β-紫罗兰酮;α-N-甲基紫罗兰酮;β-N-甲基紫罗兰酮;α-异甲基紫罗兰酮;β-异甲基紫罗兰酮;α-鸢尾酮;α-大马酮;β-大马酮;β-大马士酮;δ-大马酮;γ-大马酮;1-(2,4,4-三甲基-2-环己烯-1-基)-2-丁烯-1-酮;1,3,4,6,7,8a-六氢-1,1,5,5-四甲基-2H-2,4a-桥亚甲基萘-8(5H)-酮;2-甲基-4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-2-丁烯醛;诺卡酮;二氢诺卡酮;4,6,8-巨豆三烯-3-酮;α-甜橙醛;β-甜橙醛;乙酰化香柏油(甲基柏木甲酮);
环状醇,例如:4-叔丁基环己醇;3,3,5-三甲基环己醇;3-异龙脑基环己醇;2,6,9-三甲基-Z2,Z5,E9-环十二碳三烯-1-醇;2-异丁基-4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇;
脂环族醇,例如:α-3,3-三甲基环己基甲醇;1-(4-异丙基环己基)乙醇;2-甲基-4-(2,2,3-三甲基-3-环戊-1-基)丁醇;2-甲基-4-(2,2,3-三甲基-3-环戊-1-基)-2-丁烯-1-醇;2-乙基-4-(2,2,3-三甲基-3-环戊-1-基)-2-丁烯-1-醇;3-甲基-5-(2,2,3-三甲基-3-环戊-1-基)-戊-2-醇;3-甲基-5-(2,2,3-三甲基-3-环戊-1-基)-4-戊烯-2-醇;3,3-二甲基-5-(2,2,3-三甲基-3-环戊-1-基)-4-戊烯-2-醇;1-(2,2,6-三甲基环己基)戊-3-醇;1-(2,2,6-三甲基环己基)己-3-醇;
环状和脂环族醚,例如:桉树脑;柏木甲醚;环十二烷基甲基醚;1,1-二甲氧基环十二烷;(乙氧基甲氧基)-环十二烷;α-柏木烯环氧化物;3a,6,6,9a-四甲基十二氢萘并[2,1-b]呋喃;3a-乙基-6,6,9a-三甲基十二氢萘并[2,1-b]呋喃;1,5,9-三甲基-13-氧杂双环[10.1.0]十三碳-4,8-二烯;玫瑰醚;2-(2,4-二甲基-3-环己烯-1-基)-5-甲基-5-(1-甲基丙基)-1,3-二氧杂环己烷;
环状和大环酮,例如:4-叔丁基环己酮;2,2,5-三甲基-5-戊基环戊酮;2-庚基环戊酮;2-戊基环戊酮;2-羟基-3-甲基-2-环戊烯-1-酮;3-甲基-顺式-2-戊烯-1-基-2-环戊烯-1-酮;3-甲基-2-戊基-2-环戊烯-1-酮;3-甲基-4-环十五烯酮;3-甲基-5-环十五烯酮;3-甲基环十五烷酮;4-(1-乙氧基乙烯基)-3,3,5,5-四甲基环己酮;4-叔戊基环己酮;5-环十六烯-1-酮;6,7-二氢-1,1,2,3,3-五甲基-4(5H)-茚满酮;8-环十六烯-1-酮;9-环十七烯-1-酮;环十五烷酮;环十六烷酮;
脂环族醛,例如:2,4-二甲基-3-环己烯甲醛;2-甲基-4-(2,2,6-三甲基环己烯-1-基)-2-丁烯醛;4-(4-羟基-4-甲基戊基)-3-环己烯甲醛;4-(4-甲基-3-戊烯-1-基)-3-环己烯甲醛;
脂环族酮,例如:1-(3,3-二甲基-环己基)-4-戊烯-1-酮;2,2-二甲基-1-(2,4-二甲基-3-环己烯-1-基)-1-丙酮;1-(5,5-二甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-4-戊烯-1-酮;2,3,8,8-四甲基-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-八氢-2-萘基甲基酮;甲基-2,6,10-三甲基-2,5,9-环十二碳三烯基酮;叔丁基-(2,4-二甲基-3-环己烯-1-基)酮;
环状醇的酯,例如:乙酸2-叔丁基环己酯;乙酸4-叔丁基环己酯;乙酸2-叔戊基环己酯;乙酸4-叔戊基环己酯;乙酸3,3,5-三甲基环己酯;乙酸十氢-2-萘酯;巴豆酸2-环戊基环戊酯;乙酸3-戊基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基酯;乙酸十氢-2,5,5,8a-四甲基-2-萘酯;乙酸4,7-桥亚甲基-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-六氢-5-或6-茚酯;丙酸4,7-桥亚甲基-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-六氢-5-或6-茚酯;异丁酸4,7-桥亚甲基-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-六氢-5-或6-茚酯;乙酸4,7-桥亚甲基八氢-5-或6-茚酯;
脂环族醇的酯,例如:巴豆酸1-环己基乙酯;环脂族羧酸的酯,例如:3-环己基丙酸烯丙酯;环己氧基乙酸烯丙基酯;顺式和反式-二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯;顺式和反式-茉莉酮酸甲酯;2-己基-3-氧代环戊羧酸甲酯;2-乙基-6,6-二甲基-2-环己烯羧酸乙酯;2,3,6,6-四甲基-2-环己烯羧酸乙酯;2-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-乙酸乙酯;
芳脂族醇,例如:苄醇;1-苯基乙醇;2-苯基乙醇;3-苯基丙醇;2-苯基丙醇;2-苯氧基乙醇;2,2-二甲基-3-苯基丙醇;2,2-二甲基-3-(3-甲基苯基)丙醇;1,1-二甲基-2-苯基乙醇;1,1-二甲基-3-苯基丙醇;1-乙基-1-甲基-3-苯基丙醇;2-甲基-5-苯基戊醇;3-甲基-5-苯基戊醇;3-苯基-2-丙烯-1-醇;4-甲氧基苄醇;1-(4-异丙基苯基)乙醇;
芳脂族醇与脂肪族羧酸的酯,例如:乙酸苄酯;丙酸苄酯;异丁酸苄酯;异戊酸苄酯;乙酸2-苯基乙酯;丙酸2-苯基乙酯;异丁酸2-苯基乙酯;异戊酸2-苯基乙酯;乙酸1-苯基乙酯;乙酸α-三氯甲基苄酯;乙酸α,α-二甲基苯基乙酯;丁酸α,α-二甲基苯基乙酯;乙酸肉桂酯;异丁酸2-苯氧基乙酯;乙酸4-甲氧基苄酯;芳脂族醚,例如:2-苯基乙基甲基醚;2-苯基乙基异戊基醚;2-苯基乙基1-乙氧基乙基醚;苯乙醛二甲基缩醛;苯乙醛二乙基缩醛;氢化阿托醛二甲基缩醛;苯乙醛甘油缩醛;2,4,6-三甲基-4-苯基-1,3-二氧杂环己烷;4,4a,5,9b-四氢-茚并[1,2-d]-m-二噁英;4,4a,5,9b-四氢-2,4-二甲基茚并[1,2-d]-m-二噁英;
芳族和芳脂族醛,例如:苯甲醛;苯乙醛;3-苯基丙醛;氢化阿托醛;4-甲基苯甲醛;4-甲基苯乙醛;3-(4-乙基苯基)-2,2-二甲基丙醛;2-甲基-3-(4-异丙基苯基)丙醛;2-甲基-3-(4-叔丁基苯基)丙醛;2-甲基-3-(4-异丁基苯基)丙醛;3-(4-叔丁基苯基)丙醛;肉桂醛;α-丁基肉桂醛;α-戊基肉桂醛;α-己基肉桂醛;3-甲基-5-苯基戊醛;4-甲氧基苯甲醛;4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲醛;4-羟基-3-乙氧基苯甲醛;3,4-亚甲基二氧基苯甲醛;3,4-二甲氧基苯甲醛;2-甲基-3-(4-甲氧基苯基)丙醛;2-甲基-3-(4-亚甲基二氧基苯基)丙醛;
芳族和芳脂族酮,例如:苯乙酮;4-甲基-苯乙酮;4-甲氧基苯乙酮;4-叔丁基-2,6-二甲基苯乙酮;4-苯基-2-丁酮;4-(4-羟基苯基)-2-丁酮;1-(2-萘基)乙酮;2-苯并呋喃基乙酮;(3-甲基-2-苯并呋喃基)乙酮;二苯甲酮;1,1,2,3,3,6-六甲基-5-茚满基甲基酮;6-叔丁基-1,1-二甲基-4-茚满基甲基酮;1-[2,3-二氢-1,1,2,6-四甲基-3-(1-甲基乙基)-1H-5-茚基]-乙酮;5',6',7',8'-四氢-3',5',5',6',8',8'-六甲基-2-萘乙酮;
芳族和芳脂族羧酸及其酯,例如:苯甲酸;苯乙酸;苯甲酸甲酯;苯甲酸乙酯;苯甲酸己酯;苯甲酸苄酯;苯乙酸甲酯;苯乙酸乙酯;苯乙酸香叶酯;苯乙酸苯乙酯;肉桂酸甲酯;肉桂酸乙酯;肉桂酸苄酯;肉桂酸苯乙酯;肉桂酸肉桂酯;苯氧基乙酸烯丙酯;水杨酸甲酯;水杨酸异戊酯;水杨酸己酯;水杨酸环己酯;水杨酸顺式-3-己烯酯;水杨酸苄酯;水杨酸苯乙酯;2,4-二羟基-3,6-二甲基苯甲酸甲酯;3-苯基缩水甘油酸乙酯;3-甲基-3-苯基缩水甘油酸乙酯;
含氮芳族化合物,例如:2,4,6-三硝基-1,3-二甲基-5-叔丁基苯;3,5-二硝基-2,6-二甲基-4-叔丁基苯乙酮;肉桂腈;3-甲基-5-苯基-2-戊烯酸腈;3-甲基-5-苯基戊酸腈;邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯;N-甲基邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯;邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯与7-羟基-3,7-二甲基辛醛、2-甲基-3-(4-叔丁基苯基)丙醛或2,4-二甲基-3-环己烯甲醛的席夫碱;6-异丙基喹啉;6-异丁基喹啉;6-仲丁基喹啉;2-(3-苯丙基)吡啶;吲哚;粪臭素;2-甲氧基-3-异丙基吡嗪;2-异丁基-3-甲氧基吡嗪;
酚、苯基醚和苯基酯,例如:草蒿脑;茴香脑;丁香酚;丁香酚甲基醚;异丁香酚;异丁香酚甲基醚;百里酚;香芹酚;二苯醚;β-萘基甲基醚;β-萘基乙基醚;β-萘基异丁基醚;1,4-二甲氧基苯;乙酸丁香酚酯;2-甲氧基-4-甲基苯酚;2-乙氧基-5-(1-丙烯基)苯酚;苯乙酸对甲苯酚酯;
杂环化合物,例如:2,5-二甲基-4-羟基-2H-呋喃-3-酮;2-乙基-4-羟基-5-甲基-2H-呋喃-3-酮;3-羟基-2-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮;2-乙基-3-羟基-4H-吡喃-4-酮;
内酯,例如1,4-辛内酯;3-甲基-1,4-辛内酯;1,4-壬内酯;1,4-癸内酯;8-癸烯-1,4-内酯;1,4-十一内酯;1,4-十二内酯;1,5-癸内酯;1,5-十二内酯;4-甲基-1,4-癸内酯;1,15-十五内酯;顺式-和反式-11-十五烯-1,15-内酯;顺式-和反式-12-十五烯-1,15-内酯;1,16-十六内酯;9-十六烯-1,16-内酯;10-氧杂-1,16-十六内酯;11-氧杂-1,16-十六内酯;12-氧杂-1,16-十六内酯;1,12-十二烷二酸乙二醇酯;1,13-十三烷二酸乙二醇酯;香豆素;2,3-二氢香豆素;八氢香豆素;
以及上述物质的混合物。
在这样的香味组合物中,根据本发明的化合物通过明显增强具有动物香调的最终组合物的麝香性以及同时提供良好的持久性、定香性和亲和性(substantivity),对整体香味和谐性(chord)表现出积极的影响。因此,本文描述的根据本发明的化合物可被用作有效且高度稳定的香味化合物。
在香味组合物中,根据本发明的化合物的用量的范围优选为相对于所述香味组合物的总量计的0.0001至90重量%,优选0.01至70重量%,和特别优选0.1至50重量%。
根据本发明的香味化合物以及包含或含有所述至少一种根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物可以液体形式(未稀释的或用溶剂稀释的)用于加香应用。适用于此目的的溶剂例如是乙醇、异丙醇、二乙二醇单乙醚、甘油、丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇、二丙二醇、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、柠檬酸三乙酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、三乙酸甘油酯、植物油等。
此外,根据本发明的香味化合物或者包含或含有根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物可被吸附在载体上,所述载体既确保了所述香味物质在最终产品中的精细分布,又确保了使用时的受控释放。这样的载体可以是多孔无机材料,例如硫酸钠、硅胶、沸石、石膏、粘土、粘土颗粒、加气混凝土等,或者有机材料,例如木材、纤维素基物质、糖、糊精(例如麦芽糊精),或者塑料,例如PVC、聚乙酸乙烯酯或聚氨酯。
根据本发明的香味化合物以及包含或含有一种或多种由式(I)所示的根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物还可以被微胶囊化、喷雾干燥、被提供为包合物或挤出产品(即根据本发明的产品)。
任选地,可以通过用合适的材料进行“涂覆”来进一步优化以此方式改性的香味化合物或组合物的特性,以实现更有针对性的香味释放,为此目的优选使用蜡质塑料,例如聚乙烯醇。所得产品又是根据本发明的产品。
根据本发明的香味化合物或根据本发明的香味组合物可例如借助于胶囊材料通过凝聚法被封装,所述胶囊材料例如由聚氨酯型物质或软明胶制成。
基于根据本发明的香味化合物以及包含或含有一种或多种根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物的经喷雾干燥的香味配制剂可例如通过喷雾干燥包含或含有所述香味化合物或组合物的乳液或分散体来生产,其中改性淀粉、蛋白质、糊精和植物胶可被用作载体。包合物可例如通过将所述香味化合物或组合物和环糊精或脲衍生物的分散体引入到合适的溶剂(例如水)中来生产。
挤出产品可通过将所述香味化合物或组合物与合适的蜡状物质一起熔融并挤出,随后固化(任选在合适的溶剂(例如异丙醇)中)来生产。
因此,在另一方面,本发明涉及根据通式(I)的化合物或者包含或含有根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物作为有效的气味剂或香味化合物的用途。上文的评论相应地适用于优选的化合物和混合物。
本发明还涉及根据通式(I)的化合物或包含或含有至少一种根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物的用途,其用于改进一种香味化合物的定香性,同时使用所述化合物或者包含或含有根据本发明的化合物的组合物作为香味物质的用途和用于制备芳香产品的用途。关于根据本发明的化合物和混合物的优选选择,上文所作的评论当然相应地适用。
因此,本发明涉及所述化合物和组合物用于改进香味化合物的定香性或用于制备芳香产品的用途。
所述化合物或者包含或含有根据本发明的化合物的组合物可被并入到被加香的或旨在被加香的产品中,特别是用于个人卫生的配制剂,例如香水油、香水基质、个人卫生用配制剂、清洁剂或空气清新剂。
因此,在另一个方面,本发明还涉及芳香产品,其包含或含有根据式(I)的化合物或者包含或含有至少一种根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物。
根据一个优选变体,包含或含有所述化合物或者包含或含有根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物的根据本发明的芳香产品是通过以下方式生产的:并入所述化合物或者包含或含有根据本发明的化合物的组合物,其是不含溶剂的纯净形式的、作为溶液的或者是以具有固体或液体载体和任选的其它助剂和/或稳定剂的混合物形式的,以形成用于个人卫生的基础制剂,例如清洁剂等。
因此,本发明还提供一种芳香产品,其以有效量包含或含有通式(I)的化合物或者包含或含有至少一种根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物与载体或底物的组合。
“感觉有效量”意思是指在所述混合物中的根据通式(I)的物质的比例已经足以散发令人愉快的可感知的香味印象,尤其是麝香气味印象。当在最终的制剂/配制剂中存在至少0.001重量%的根据通式(I)的化合物时,通常就实现了这种感知印象。
本文中描述的式(I)的化合物除了它们的强烈感官特性外,还具有额外的积极的次要特性,例如在某些应用条件下具有高稳定性。这种稳定性,尤其是在酸性介质中的稳定性,使本发明的化合物适合于在宽的应用范围内使用和加工。
根据本发明的芳香产品例如是香水提取物,浓香水,淡香水,剃须液,古龙水,剃须前产品,喷洒古龙水和加香湿巾,包括用于具有香气的酸性、碱性和中性清洁剂,例如地板清洁剂,窗户清洁剂,餐具洗涤剂,卫浴清洁剂,擦洗霜,固体和液体马桶清洁剂,粉状和泡沫地毯清洁剂,织物清新剂,熨烫助剂,液体洗涤剂,粉状洗涤剂,洗衣预处理剂例如漂白剂,浸泡剂和去污剂,洗衣漂洗调理剂,洗衣皂,洗衣片,消毒剂,表面消毒剂以及液体或凝胶形式的空气清新剂或者施加到固体载体上的那些,气溶胶喷雾剂,蜡和抛光剂例如家具抛光剂,地板蜡和鞋油,以及身体护理产品例如固体和液体皂,沐浴露,洗发水,剃须皂,剃须泡沫,浴油,水包油、油包水和水包油包水型化妆品乳液,例如护肤霜和乳液,面霜和乳液,防晒霜和乳液,晒后霜和乳液,护手霜和乳液,护脚霜和乳液,脱毛膏和乳液,须后霜和乳液,美黑霜和乳液,护发产品,例如喷发剂,发胶,强化发乳液,护发素,永久性和半永久性染发剂,头发定型剂,例如冷烫剂和直发剂,头发调理剂,发霜和乳液,除臭剂和止汗剂,例如腋下喷雾剂,滚珠式除臭剂,除臭棒,除臭霜,装饰性化妆品,例如眼影,指甲油,化妆品,唇膏,睫毛膏,以及蜡烛,灯油,棒香,杀虫剂,驱虫剂和燃料或口腔和/或牙齿护理产品,例如牙膏,牙凝胶,牙粉,漱口水,口香糖和其它口腔护理产品。
根据本发明的产品还可以是半成品,其以有效量包含通式(I)的化合物或者含有或包含至少一种根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物。
通式(I)的化合物或者含有或包含至少一种根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物的使用百分比可以在宽限度内变化,范围从大众市场产品(例如清洁剂)中的千分之几到上等香料的酒精提取物中的百分之几。然而,即使少量的所述新的化合物或者包含或含有至少一种根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物也能有效地为芳香配制剂/产品提供浓郁的檀香或木质香调。优选地,通式(I)的化合物或者包含或含有至少一种根据本发明的化合物的香味组合物的用量为基于最终(产品)配制剂总重量计的0.0001至90重量%,优选0.01至70重量%,和特别优选0.1至50重量%。
最后,本发明涉及芳香产品,其中该芳香产品优选是香水油、香水基质、个人卫生用配制剂、清洁剂或空气清新剂。
具体实施方式
实施例
根据下文指出的方法制备以下化合物。借助于光谱法进行的结构测定是通过已知技术实施的。
如上文指出的,本文中公开的所有化合物以及所有化学式通常应既涵盖纯立体异构体,特别是对映异构体,又涵盖所述立体异构体的混合物,特别是所述对映异构体的混合物。此外,从所述方法获得的所有中间体都可以以不同的异构形式出现,并且因此应该既涵盖纯的立体异构体,又涵盖所述立体异构体的混合物。
实施例1:1-氧杂环十五碳-6-烯-3-酮(A)的制备
步骤1:4-癸-9-烯氧基-3-氧代-丁酸乙酯的制备
在N2下,在20℃下向9-癸烯-1-醇(0.64mol)在干燥THF和DMF中形成的混合物中分批加入NaH(1.28mol)。将混合物在20℃下搅拌1小时,然后在20℃下滴加4-氯乙酰丙酮酸乙酯(0.77mol),并将混合物在25℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用H2O猝灭并用EtOAc萃取。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并在45℃下真空浓缩以提供粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法纯化得到4-癸-9-烯氧基-3-氧代-丁酸乙酯。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.19–1.23(m,11H),1.47–1.56(m,4H),1.94–1.99(m,2H),3.40–3.45(m,4H),4.01(s,2H),4.09–4.15(m,2H),4.84–4.94(m,2H),5.70–5.77(m,1H)。
步骤2:2-(2-癸-9-烯氧基乙酰基)戊-4-烯酸乙酯的制备
在N2下,在20℃下向4-癸-9-烯氧基-3-氧代-丁酸乙酯(0.56mol)在干燥EtOH中形成的混合物中分批加入EtONa(2.25mol)。将混合物在20℃下搅拌1小时,然后滴加3-溴丙-1-烯(1.12mol),并将混合物在80℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用H2O猝灭,浓缩以除去EtOH,并用EtOAc萃取水层。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,并在45℃下真空浓缩以提供粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法纯化得到2-(2-癸-9-烯氧基乙酰基)戊-4-烯酸乙酯。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.23–1.36(m,13H),1.56–1.60(m,2H),2.02–2.05(m,2H),2.57–2.63(m,2H),3.45(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),3.71(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),4.09–4.19(m,4H),4.90–5.11(m,4H),5.74–5.83(m,2H)。
步骤3:1-癸-9-烯氧基己-5-烯-2-酮的制备
在N2下,在20℃下向2-(2-癸-9-烯氧基乙酰基)戊-4-烯酸乙酯(0.092mol)在DMSO和H2O中形成的混合物中一次性加入LiCl(0.18mol),然后将混合物在200℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用H2O猝灭并用EtOAc萃取。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,并在45℃下真空浓缩以提供粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法纯化得到1-癸-9-烯氧基己-5-烯-2-酮。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.24–1.36(m,10H),1.57–1.62(m,2H),2.00–2.03(m,2H),2.32–2.34(m,2H),2.54–2.58(m,2H),3.44–3.47(m,2H),4.00(s,2H),4.90–5.05(m,4H),5.76–5.83(m,2H)。
1-氧杂环十五碳-6-烯-3-酮(A)的制备
将1-癸-9-烯氧基己-5-烯-2-酮(0.039mol)、第二代Hoveyda-Grubbs在干燥DCM中形成的混合物在Ar下在45℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物在40℃下真空浓缩以提供粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法,然后通过重结晶和制备型HPLC进行纯化,得到1-氧杂环十五碳-6-烯-3-酮(A)。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.25–1.34(m,8H),1.43–1.45(m,2H),1.53–1.57(m,2H),2.01–2.04(m,2H),2.34–2.36(m,2H),2.53–2.56(m,2H),3.55–3.58(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),4.02(s,2H),5.37–5.46(m,2H)。
气味:奶油味、动物味和麝香味
实施例2:1-氧杂环十六碳-6-烯-3-酮(B)的制备
步骤1:3-氧代-4-十一碳-10-烯氧基-丁酸乙酯的制备
在N2下,在20℃下向化合物10-十一烯-1-醇(0.58mol)在干燥THF和DMF中形成的混合物中分批加入NaH(1.17mol)。将混合物在20℃下搅拌1小时,然后在20℃下添加4-氯乙酰丙酮酸乙酯(0.70mol),并将混合物在25℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用H2O猝灭并用EtOAc萃取。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并在45℃下真空浓缩以提供粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法纯化得到3-氧代-4-十一碳-10-烯氧基丁酸乙酯。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.25–1.36(m,15H),1.56–1.60(m,2H),2.01–2.03(m,2H),3.45–3.48(m,2H),3.51(s,2H),4.07(s,2H),4.15–4.21(m,2H),4.90–4.99(m,2H),5.76–5.83(m,1H)。
步骤2:2-(2-十一碳-10-烯氧基乙酰基)戊-4-烯酸乙酯的制备
在N2下,在20℃下向2-(2-十一碳-10-烯氧基乙酰基)戊-4-烯酸乙酯(0.33mol)在干燥EtOH中形成的混合物中分批加入EtONa(1.34mol)。将混合物在20℃下搅拌1小时,然后滴加3-溴丙-1-烯(0.67mol),并将混合物在80℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用H2O猝灭,浓缩以除去EtOH,并用EtOAc萃取水层。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,并在45℃下真空浓缩以提供粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法纯化得到2-(2-十一碳-10-烯氧基乙酰基)戊-4-烯酸乙酯。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.24–1.36(m,15H),1.57–1.60(m,2H),2.00–2.03(m,2H),2.57–2.63(m,2H),3.43–3.46(m,2H),3.70(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),4.09–4.17(m,4H),4.90–5.10(m,4H),5.74–5.83(m,2H)。
步骤3:1-十一碳-10-烯氧基己-5-烯-2-酮的制备
在N2下,在20℃下向2-(2-十一碳-10-烯氧基乙酰基)戊-4-烯酸乙酯(0.088mol)在DMSO和H2O中形成的混合物中一次性加入LiCl(0.18mol),并将混合物在200℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用H2O猝灭并用EtOAc萃取。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,并在45℃下真空浓缩以提供粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法纯化得到1-十一碳-10-烯氧基己-5-烯-2-酮。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.27–1.36(m,12H),1.56–1.62(m,2H),2.00–2.03(m,2H),2.33–2.36(m,2H),2.54–2.58(m,2H),3.44–3.47(m,2H),4.02(s,2H),4.90–5.05(m,4H),5.76–5.85(m,2H)。
(6)-1-氧杂环十六碳-6-烯-3-酮(B)的制备
将1-十一碳-10-烯氧基己-5-烯-2-酮(0.037mol)和第二代Hoveyda-Grubbs在干燥DCM中形成的混合物在Ar下在45℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物在40℃下真空浓缩以提供粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法,然后通过重结晶、蒸馏和制备型HPLC进行纯化,得到(6)-1-氧杂环十六碳-6-烯-3-酮(B)。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.26–1.45(m,12H),1.64(m,2H),2.03(m,2H),2.32(m,2H),2.62–2.64(m,2H),3.53(m,2H),3.98(s,2H),5.31–5.41(m,2H)。
气味:麝香味、动物味
实施例3:6-甲基-1-氧杂环十六碳-6-烯-3-酮(C)的制备
6-甲基-1-氧杂环十六碳-6-烯-3-酮(C)的制备类似于1-氧杂环十五碳-6-烯-3-酮(B),使用3-溴-2-甲基丙烯。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.17–1.41(m,10H),1.41–1.52(m,2H),1.62(s,3H),1.64(t,J=6.4Hz,2H),2.03(q,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.27(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.69(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),3.52(t,J=5.5Hz,2H),3.97(s,2H),5.15(tt,J=5.9,1.4Hz,1H)。
13C-NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ16.4,25.5,26.8,27.0,27.4,27.7,28.0,28.5,29.2,32.9,38.1,71.2,76.4,125.8,133.8,210.6。
气味:强烈的麝香味、埃尔贡味、脂粉味、奶油味
实施例4:1,5-二氧杂环十六碳-14-烯-3-酮(D)的制备
步骤1:2-(癸-9-烯氧基甲基)环氧乙烷的制备
将NaOH(0.96mol)和9-癸烯-1-醇(0.32mol)的混合物在20℃下搅拌4小时。然后加入2-(氯甲基)环氧乙烷(0.64mol)并将混合物在40℃下搅拌18小时。然后将混合物蒸发以得到粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法纯化得到2-(癸-9-烯氧基-甲基)环氧乙烷。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.22–1.30(m,11H),1.49–1.53(m,2H),1.96–1.98(m,2H),2.53–2.55(m,1H),2.72(t,J=4.4Hz,1H),3.05–3.11(m,1H),3.32–3.43(m,3H),3.61–3.64(m,1H),4.85–4.94(m,2H),5.71–5.77(m,1H)。
步骤2:1-烯丙氧基-3-癸-9-烯氧基-丙-2-醇的制备
在N2下,向2-丙烯-1-醇(350mL)中分批添加Na(0.85mol)。将溶液搅拌2小时后,将2-(癸-9-烯氧基甲基)环氧乙烷(0.28mol)加入到混合物中,并将混合物在20℃下搅拌2小时。将混合物蒸发以得到粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法纯化得到1-烯丙氧基-3-癸-9-烯氧基-丙-2-醇。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.18–1.32(m,12H),1.45–1.48(m,2H),1.94–1.99(m,2H),3.37–3.44(m,6H),3.88–3.96(m,3H),4.84–4.94(m,2H),5.11–5.23(m,2H),5.73–5.87(m,2H)。
步骤3:1-烯丙氧基-3-癸-9-烯氧基-丙-2-酮的制备
在0℃下向1-烯丙氧基-3-癸-9-烯氧基-丙-2-醇(0.26mol)在DCM中形成的溶液中添加DMP(0.4mol),并将混合物在20℃下搅拌过夜。然后,将混合物用盐水和5%NaHCO3洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并蒸发,得到粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法纯化,得到1-烯丙氧基-3-癸-9-烯氧基-丙-2-酮,为无色油状物。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.18–1.30(m,12H),1.53–1.55(m,2H),1.94–1.99(m,2H),3.41(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),3.99(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),4.13(s,2H),4.17(s,2H),4.84–4.94(m,2H),5.16–5.25(m,2H),5.70–5.84(m,2H)。
1,5-二氧杂环十六碳-14-烯-3-酮(D)的制备
将1-烯丙氧基-3-癸-9-烯氧基-丙-2-酮(0.029mol)、第二代Hoveyda-Grubbs在干燥DCM中形成的混合物在Ar下在45℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物在40℃下真空浓缩以提供粗产物,该粗产物通过柱层析法,然后通过重结晶和制备型HPLC进行纯化得到1,5-二氧杂环十六碳-14-烯-3-酮(D)。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.25–1.47(m,12H),2.04–2.07(m,2H),3.39–3.43(m,2H),3.94(s,2H),4.02–4.03(m,2H),4.35(s,2H),5.36–5.43(m,1H),5.54–5.60(m,1H)。
实施例5:1,5-二氧杂环十七碳-15-烯-3-酮(E)的制备
1,5-二氧杂环十七碳-15-烯-3-酮(E)的制备类似于1,5-二氧杂环十六碳-14-烯-3-酮(D),由10-十一烯-1-醇开始。
1H-NMR:(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.26–1.40(m,H),1.40–1.49(m,4H),1.55–1.64(m,2H),2.09–2.16(m,2H),3.49(dd,J=5.8,4.9Hz,2H),4.02(s,2H),4.10(dd,J=6.5,1.1Hz,2H),4.40(s,2H),5.48(dtt,J=15.6,6.5,1.4Hz,1H),5.65(dtt,J=15.1,6.9,1.3Hz,1H)。
13C-NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ26.6,27.1,27.8,28.2,28.5,28.6,29.0,31.6,71.4,71.7,72.1,75.8,126.5,136.8,206.6。
气味:脂粉味、麝香味。
Claims (15)
1.通式(I)的氧杂大环化合物:
其中,在所述通式(I)中
-X代表亚甲基或亚乙基,其任选被甲基基团取代;
-Y代表亚甲基或O;
-R1代表H、甲基基团或乙基基团;
-R2代表H、甲基基团或乙基基团;
-Z代表任选取代的C2、C3、C4、C5、C6或C7烷基基团;并且
任选地,其中在至少一个虚线位置处存在C=C双键;
或该通式(I)的氧杂大环化合物的立体异构体,特别是对映异构体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中
-所述化合物是14元环,且Z代表任选取代的C3烷基基团;或
-其中所述化合物是15元环,且Z代表任选取代的C4烷基基团;或
-其中所述化合物是16元环,且Z代表任选取代的C5烷基基团;或
-其中所述化合物是17元环,且Z代表任选取代的C6烷基基团;或
-其中所述化合物是18元环,且Z代表任选取代的C7烷基基团。
3.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中在所述通式(I)中
-X代表亚甲基;
-Y代表亚甲基或O;
-R1代表H或甲基基团;
-R2代表H或甲基基团;和
所述化合物在任意的带有虚线的位置处具有至少一个C=C双键。
4.根据权利要求3所述的化合物,其中所述化合物是15元环或16元环。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的化合物,其中所述化合物以如下形式存在:
(a)纯的光学活性对映异构体;
(b)所述对映异构体的外消旋混合物;或
(c)多种对映异构体的光学活性混合物。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的化合物,其中所述通式(I)的化合物选自以下化合物组成的组:
和它们的立体异构体,优选对映异构体,以及这些化合物的混合物。
7.一种香味组合物,其包含
(a)至少一种根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物;和任选的
(b)至少一种另外的香味物质。
8.生产根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的通式(I)的化合物的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)制备根据通式(II)的烯烃:
-其中n=7或n=8;
-其中R代表H、甲基或乙基;
-其中Y代表亚甲基或O,和
(2)使在步骤(1)中制备的烯烃进行烯烃复分解以产生所述通式(I)的化合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,
-其中根据通式(II)的烯烃是由通式(III)的烯丙基醇开始制备的:
-其中n=7或n=8;
-其中,在第一步骤中,所述烯丙基醇与卤代乙酸酯反应以生成醚;
-其中,在第二步骤中,得自所述第一步骤的醚与取代或非取代的烯丙基卤化物反应以生成烯丙基化的醚化合物,和
-其中,在第三步骤中,使得自所述第二步骤的烯丙基化的醚化合物脱羧。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法,
-其中根据通式(II)的烯烃是由通式(III)的烯丙基醇开始制备的:
-其中n=7或n=8;
-其中,在第一步骤中,所述烯丙基醇反应成环氧乙烷;
-其中,在第二步骤中,用烯丙基醇使得自所述第一步骤的环氧乙烷进行开环反应以生成叔醇;
-其中,在第三步骤中,将得自所述第二步骤的叔醇氧化。
11.一种在配制剂中产生、增强或改变麝香气味的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
-提供根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物或根据权利要求7所述的香味组合物;
-提供具有其它成分的组合物;和
-将所述具有其它成分的组合物与一定量的根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物或根据权利要求7所述的香味组合物混合,所述一定量的根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物或根据权利要求7所述的香味组合物足以
(a)在所得的完整混合物中产生麝香气味;或者
(b)增强在所述其它成分的组合物中现有的麝香气味;或者
(c)改变在所述其它成分的组合物中现有的麝香气味。
12.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物作为气味剂的用途或者根据权利要求7所述的香味组合物作为气味剂的用途。
13.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物用于改进香味化合物的定香性或用于制备芳香产品的用途或者根据权利要求7所述的香味组合物用于改进香味化合物的定香性或用于制备芳香产品的用途。
14.一种芳香产品,以有效量包含根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物或根据权利要求7所述的香味组合物,其任选具有载体或底物。
15.根据权利要求14所述的芳香产品,其中所述芳香产品是香水油、香水基质、个人卫生用配制剂、清洁剂或洗衣剂。
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PCT/EP2021/086566 WO2023110132A1 (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Oxa-macrocyclic musk as fragrance compounds |
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EP (1) | EP4448507A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN118401504A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2023110132A1 (zh) |
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