CN118353395A - Multistage ultra-wideband power amplifier - Google Patents
Multistage ultra-wideband power amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN118353395A CN118353395A CN202410348674.4A CN202410348674A CN118353395A CN 118353395 A CN118353395 A CN 118353395A CN 202410348674 A CN202410348674 A CN 202410348674A CN 118353395 A CN118353395 A CN 118353395A
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/42—Modifications of amplifiers to extend the bandwidth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/56—Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/211—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only using a combination of several amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/36—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier comprising means for increasing the bandwidth
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage ultra-wideband power amplifier, which comprises: a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler disposed between the output match of the front stage power amplifier and the input match of the rear stage power amplifier; the output end of the output matching is connected with the input end of the first directional coupler, the through end of the first directional coupler outputs a 0-degree through signal, and the coupling end of the first directional coupler outputs a coupling signal which is different from the through end by a certain angle; the direct end and the coupling end of the second directional coupler are respectively connected with one of the two input ends of the second directional coupler, and the output end of the second directional coupler is connected with the input end matched with the input end. The invention solves the problem that the matching of the front stage and the back stage of the multi-stage broadband link are mutually influenced, and reduces the difficulty of the inter-stage matching in the broadband matching design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power amplifiers, in particular to a multistage ultra-wideband power amplifier.
Background
In order to facilitate large-scale interconnection between people, people and objects, the need to develop an efficient rf front-end transmission system that supports multiple standards is becoming more and more urgent. The rf power amplifier is a key device of the rf link, and determines a plurality of core indexes such as power, efficiency, and the like of the rf link. In order to cover multiple cellular frequency bands of a mobile communication network, and for cost saving purposes, it is necessary to develop ultra wideband power amplifiers with octaves. Besides the mobile communication system, the ultra-wideband power amplifier is one of key devices in electronic warfare and radar systems, and the ultra-wideband radar system can achieve better tracking and positioning of stealth targets so as to achieve more accurate striking.
The ultra-wideband radio frequency power amplifier needs to be subjected to wideband matching design, so that the input and output of the power amplifier tube reach optimal impedance matching, and the balance of the overall performance in the wideband is realized. The input impedance and output impedance of the power tube are functions of frequency, while the matching circuit is fixed and does not change with frequency, which creates a difficult problem of broadband matching. Particularly, between two stages of amplifiers, the output impedance of the front stage and the input impedance of the rear stage are simultaneously changed along with the frequency, and the inter-stage matching is difficult in broadband matching design. Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of direct matching of a multi-stage rf power amplifier is shown.
The conventional means generally adopts a method of adding an isolator between stages so that matching impedances of the front and rear stages do not interfere with each other, thereby improving the inter-stage matching of the multi-stage amplifier. The disadvantage is that the larger the working bandwidth of the isolator is, the larger the insertion loss is, so that the isolator cannot be used in an ultra-wideband link.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a multi-stage ultra-wideband power amplifier, which combines two directional couplers, separates the output impedance of a front stage from the input impedance of a rear stage by utilizing the excellent wideband performance of the two directional couplers, so that the output impedance and the input impedance of the rear stage are not interfered with each other, realizes the improvement of the inter-stage matching of the ultra-wideband power amplifier, and avoids the problem that the isolator used in the traditional method has larger bandwidth and larger insertion loss so as not to be used in an ultra-wideband link.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
A multi-stage ultra-wideband power amplifier, comprising: a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler disposed between the front stage power amplifier and the rear stage power amplifier; the output end of the front-stage power amplifier is connected with the input end of the first directional coupler, the through end of the first directional coupler outputs a 0-degree through signal, and the coupling end of the first directional coupler outputs a coupling signal which is different from the through end by a certain angle; the direct end of the first directional coupler is connected with one input end of the second directional coupler, the coupling end of the first directional coupler is connected with the other input end of the second directional coupler, and the output end of the second directional coupler is connected with the input end of the rear-stage power amplifier.
Preferably, the first directional coupler splits the output signal of the front stage power amplifier; and the second directional coupler combines and outputs the split signals of the direct end and the coupling end of the first directional coupler.
Preferably, the straight end and the coupling end of the first directional coupler have a phase difference of 90 degrees; the two input ends of the second directional coupler have a phase difference of 90 degrees.
Preferably, the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler are 3dB couplers.
Preferably, the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler further comprise an isolation end respectively; the isolation end is matched with a load.
Preferably, the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler each comprise four ports; the first port of the first directional coupler is an input end, the second port of the first directional coupler is an isolation end, the third port of the first directional coupler is a coupling end, and the fourth port of the first directional coupler is a through end; the first port of the second directional coupler is a first input end, the second port of the second directional coupler is a second input end, the third port of the second directional coupler is an isolation end, and the fourth port of the second directional coupler is an output end; the fourth port of the first directional coupler is connected with the second port of the second directional coupler, and the third port of the first directional coupler is connected with the first port of the second directional coupler.
Preferably, the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler each comprise four ports; the first port of the first directional coupler is an input end, the second port of the first directional coupler is an isolation end, the third port of the first directional coupler is a coupling end, and the fourth port of the first directional coupler is a through end; the first port of the second directional coupler is a first input end, the second port of the second directional coupler is a second input end, the third port of the second directional coupler is an output end, and the fourth port of the second directional coupler is an isolation end; the fourth port of the first directional coupler is connected with the first port of the second directional coupler, and the third port of the first directional coupler is connected with the second port of the second directional coupler.
Preferably, the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler each comprise four ports; the first port of the first directional coupler is an isolation end, the second port of the first directional coupler is an input end, the third port of the first directional coupler is a through end, and the fourth port of the first directional coupler is a coupling end; the first port of the second directional coupler is a first input end, the second port of the second directional coupler is a second input end, the third port of the second directional coupler is an output end, and the fourth port of the second directional coupler is an isolation end; the fourth port of the first directional coupler is connected with the second port of the second directional coupler, and the third port of the first directional coupler is connected with the first port of the second directional coupler.
Preferably, the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler each comprise four ports; the first port of the first directional coupler is an isolation end, the second port of the first directional coupler is an input end, the third port of the first directional coupler is a through end, and the fourth port of the first directional coupler is a coupling end; the first port of the second directional coupler is a first input end, the second port of the second directional coupler is a second input end, the third port of the second directional coupler is an isolation end, and the fourth port of the second directional coupler is an output end; the fourth port of the first directional coupler is connected with the first port of the second directional coupler, and the third port of the first directional coupler is connected with the second port of the second directional coupler.
Preferably, the ultra-wideband power amplifier comprises multiple stages; each front-stage power amplifier and the connected rear-stage power amplifier are provided with the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler.
Preferably, the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler are arranged between the output match of the front stage power amplifier and the input match of the rear stage power amplifier.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention relates to a multistage ultra-wideband power amplifier, wherein a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler are arranged between output matching of a front-stage power amplifier and input matching of a rear-stage power amplifier, one of the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler is used for power equally dividing, the other one of the second directional coupler is used for power synthesis, the two directional couplers are used in a combined mode, phase difference of signals output by the directional couplers is avoided, no matter how the matching circuits of the front-stage power amplifier and the rear-stage power amplifier change, load impedance of the front stage and source impedance of the rear stage are not interfered with each other, improvement of inter-stage matching of the ultra-wideband power amplifier is realized, and the problem that an isolator used in a traditional method has larger bandwidth and larger insertion loss and cannot be used in an ultra-wideband link is avoided.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage RF power amplifier direct match;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the traces of the input impedance (circles) and the output impedance (triangles) with respect to frequency on a circle chart according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a conventional directly-matched multi-stage rf power amplifier;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison between the matching gain effect of the multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier according to the first embodiment and the conventional direct matching gain effect;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a multistage ultra wideband power amplifier according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "provided," "engaged/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, may be a detachable connection, or may be an integral connection, may be a mechanical connection, may be an electrical connection, may be a direct connection, may be an indirect connection via an intermediary, may be a communication between two elements, and for one of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the terms in this disclosure may be understood in a specific case.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the "multiple stages" includes two stages and more.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2, the multi-stage ultra-wideband power amplifier of the present embodiment includes a plurality of cascaded power amplifiers PA1, PA2, … and PAn, wherein each power amplifier includes an input match and an output match, and a directional coupler connected in two phases is disposed between the output match of the front stage power amplifier and the input match of the rear stage power amplifier. In this embodiment, PA1 and PA2 are taken as examples, PA1 includes an input match 11 and an output match 12, and PA2 includes an input match 21 and an output match 22. Between the output match 12 and the input match 21, a first directional coupler HC1 and a second directional coupler HC2 are provided; the output end of the output matching 12 is connected with the input end of the first directional coupler HC1, after power is equally divided, the through end of the first directional coupler HC1 outputs a 0-degree through signal, and the coupling end of the first directional coupler HC1 outputs a coupling signal which is different from the through end by a certain angle; the through end of the second directional coupler HC2 is connected with an input end of the second directional coupler HC2, the coupling end of the second directional coupler is connected with the other input end of the second directional coupler HC2, and after power synthesis, the output end of the second directional coupler HC2 is connected with the input end of the input matching 21.
In this embodiment, the first directional coupler HC1 is a splitter; the second directional coupler HC2 is a combiner. The first directional coupler HC1 and the second directional coupler HC2 are both 3dB 90 DEG bridges, and the certain angle is 90 deg.
In fig. 1, the first directional coupler HC1 and the second directional coupler HC2 each include four ports; the first port a1 of the first directional coupler HC1 is an input end, the second port a2 of the first directional coupler HC1 is an isolation end, the third port a3 of the first directional coupler HC1 is a coupling end, and the fourth port a4 of the first directional coupler HC1 is a through end; the first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a first input end, the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a second input end, the third port b3 of the second directional coupler HC2 is an isolation end, and the fourth port b4 of the second directional coupler HC2 is an output end; the fourth port a4 of the first directional coupler HC1 is connected to the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC2, and the third port a3 of the first directional coupler HC1 is connected to the first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC 2. The first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a through terminal, and the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a coupling terminal.
The connection between the first directional coupler HC1 and the second directional coupler HC2 may use all radio frequency connections. The connection mode can comprise a radio frequency microstrip line, a coaxial cable, a waveguide and the like.
Specifically, the transmission process of the signal output by the output matching 12 through the first directional coupler HC1 and the second directional coupler HC2 is as follows.
After a1 passes through the first directional coupler HC1, the phases of the two outputs are a4 and a3, respectively. The two paths a4 and a3 are connected to the quantity input ends b2 and b1 of the second directional coupler HC2, and the synthesized signal is output at b4, namely the process of dividing first and then combining from a1 to b4 is shown as follows:
(1)a1→a4→b2→b4;
(2)a1→a3→b1→b4。
the phase at the point a1 is 0 degree, and the phase is divided into two paths a4 and a3 and then combined with the phase b4 (neglecting the phase length inside the bridge). a1→a4 (b 2) produces a phase of 0 degrees, i.e., the phase of the a4 (b 2) node is 0 degrees relative to the a1 node. a4 (b 2) →b4 produces a phase of 90 degrees, i.e. the phase of the b4 node is-90 degrees relative to the a4 (b 2) node. In summary, b4 is-90 degrees relative to a 1. a1→a3 (b 1) produces a phase of 90 degrees, i.e., the phase of the a3 (b 1) node is-90 degrees relative to the a1 node. a3 (b 1) →b4 produces a phase of 0 degrees, i.e. the phase of the b4 node is 0 degrees relative to a3 (b 1). In summary, b4 is-90 degrees relative to a 1. From the above, the phase of b4 relative to a1 is-90 degrees for both paths, or the length of both paths is 90 degrees.
It should be noted that, the first directional coupler HC1 and the second directional coupler HC2 may specifically perform type and model selection according to needs, so long as the bandwidth only includes the working bandwidth actually required, and the two paths of total transmission paths are identical, that is, the two paths of signals have no phase difference at the combining position.
Since the first directional coupler HC1 and the second directional coupler HC2 have ultra wideband characteristics, the impedance of the four ports of the two directional couplers is constant over the full frequency band, thus avoiding direct matching of the output (a 1) of PA1 with the input (b 4) of PA 2. By adopting the structure of the invention, no matter how the output and input impedance of the front and rear stage power amplifiers change along with the frequency, the fixed port impedance of the directional coupler is seen, so that the optimization improvement of inter-stage isolation, namely matching, is realized.
The load impedance of the front stage and the source impedance of the rear stage of the invention are not interfered with each other by comparing the existing direct matching with the matching gain effect of the structure of the invention through a specific matching circuit.
Referring to fig. 3, a graph showing the trace of the input impedance (circle) and the output impedance (triangle) of the gallium nitride device with the frequency (0.5 GHz-4.5 GHz) on the circle chart shows that the input impedance and the output impedance change greatly, so that it is difficult to perform broadband matching between stages.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic circuit diagram of a multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a conventional directly-matched multi-stage rf power amplifier is shown.
In the figure, each amplifier stage is exemplified by a gallium nitride device, and the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler are adopted to match and directly match the gallium nitride devices in the prior art to carry out the design of cascade connection of two gallium nitride devices and broadband matching in a full frequency band, wherein the bandwidth supported by the gallium nitride devices in the embodiment is 0.5GHz-4.5GHz.
It should be noted that, although fig. 4 illustrates a gallium nitride device as an example, it is understood that the ultra-wideband power amplifier of the present invention may be an LDMOS device, a Si device, or the like. Fig. 4 shows a simulation diagram of an embodiment of the present invention at the top, and a simulation diagram of a comparative example of the prior art at the bottom.
The model is entered into simulation software, and the first directional coupler, the second directional coupler and the existing direct matching are adopted for matching in the embodiment, and the symbols are expressed as follows.
HYB1 is a first directional coupler, HYB2 is a second directional coupler, and HYB1 and HYB2 are 90-degree phase-shifting bridges respectively;
TermG101, termG are output impedance models of the front stage power amplifier, and TermG, termG are input impedance models of the rear stage power amplifier.
R1 and R2: and (3) loading. In this embodiment, R1 and R2 may be set to 50 ohms, specifically, may be set according to actual needs, and the embodiment is not limited.
Within the dashed box is a matching circuit of the same strategy, and both cases are modulated wideband optimized.
Referring to fig. 5, simulation results are shown, wherein the solid line is the matching gain result of the dual bridge scheme of the present embodiment, and the dotted line is the direct matching gain effect. When the difference in gain does not exceed more than 10dB, the gain per frequency point is flatter in the bandwidth range. As can be seen from fig. 5, the stable bandwidth range of the double-bridge scheme of the embodiment is about 0.5-4.5 GHz, and the existing direct matching is about 2.5-3 GHz, so that the double-bridge scheme can obviously widen the working frequency band of the device.
It should be noted that, although fig. 2 only illustrates that the output match of the front stage power amplifier PA1 and the input match of the rear stage power amplifier PA2 include a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler that are connected, it is understood that for a plurality of power amplifiers PA1, PA2, …, and PAn that are cascaded, each power amplifier includes one input match and one output match, and that a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler that are connected are disposed between the output match of any one front stage power amplifier and the input match of the rear stage power amplifier.
Example two
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that different ports are used as the input terminal, the output terminal, and the isolation terminal for the second directional coupler HC 2.
Specifically, the first port a1 of the first directional coupler HC1 is an input end, the second port a2 of the first directional coupler HC1 is an isolation end, the third port a3 of the first directional coupler HC1 is a coupling end, and the fourth port a4 of the first directional coupler HC1 is a through end; the first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a first input end, the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a second input end, the third port b3 of the second directional coupler HC2 is an output end, and the fourth port b4 of the second directional coupler HC2 is an isolation end; the fourth port a4 of the first directional coupler HC1 is connected to the first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC2, and the third port a3 of the first directional coupler HC1 is connected to the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC 2. The first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a coupling end, and the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a through end.
The working principle and technical effects of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Example III
As shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that different ports are used as the input terminal, the isolation terminal, the through terminal, and the coupling terminal for the first directional coupler HC 1.
Specifically, the first port a1 of the first directional coupler HC1 is an isolation end, the second port a2 of the first directional coupler HC1 is an input end, the third port a3 of the first directional coupler HC1 is a through end, and the fourth port a4 of the first directional coupler HC1 is a coupling end; the first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a first input end, the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a second input end, the third port b3 of the second directional coupler HC2 is an output end, and the fourth port b4 of the second directional coupler HC2 is an isolation end; the fourth port a4 of the first directional coupler HC1 is connected to the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC2, and the third port a3 of the first directional coupler HC1 is connected to the first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC 2. The first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a coupling end, and the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a through end.
The working principle and technical effects of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Example IV
The present embodiment shown in fig. 8 is different from the third embodiment in that different ports are used as the input terminal, the output terminal, and the isolation terminal for the second directional coupler HC 2.
Specifically, the first port a1 of the first directional coupler HC1 is an isolation end, the second port a2 of the first directional coupler HC1 is an input end, the third port a3 of the first directional coupler HC1 is a through end, and the fourth port a4 of the first directional coupler HC1 is a coupling end; the first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a first input end, the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a second input end, the third port b3 of the second directional coupler HC2 is an isolation end, and the fourth port b4 of the second directional coupler HC2 is an output end; the fourth port a4 of the first directional coupler HC1 is connected to the first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC2, and the third port a3 of the first directional coupler HC1 is connected to the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC 2. The first port b1 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a through terminal, and the second port b2 of the second directional coupler HC2 is a coupling terminal.
The working principle and technical effect of the present embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention, which modifications would also be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. A multi-stage ultra-wideband power amplifier, comprising: a first directional coupler and a second directional coupler disposed between the front stage power amplifier and the rear stage power amplifier; the output end of the front-stage power amplifier is connected with the input end of the first directional coupler, the through end of the first directional coupler outputs a 0-degree through signal, and the coupling end of the first directional coupler outputs a coupling signal which is different from the through end by a certain angle; the direct end of the first directional coupler is connected with one input end of the second directional coupler, the coupling end of the first directional coupler is connected with the other input end of the second directional coupler, and the output end of the second directional coupler is connected with the input end of the rear-stage power amplifier.
2. The multi-stage ultra-wideband power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the first directional coupler splits an output signal of a preceding stage power amplifier; and the second directional coupler combines and outputs the split signals of the direct end and the coupling end of the first directional coupler.
3. The multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the straight-through and coupled ends of the first directional coupler have a phase difference of 90 °; the two input ends of the second directional coupler have a phase difference of 90 degrees.
4. The multi-stage ultra-wideband power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler are each 3dB couplers.
5. The multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler each further comprise an isolation terminal; the isolation end is matched with a load.
6. The multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier of claim 5, wherein the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler each comprise four ports; the first port of the first directional coupler is an input end, the second port of the first directional coupler is an isolation end, the third port of the first directional coupler is a coupling end, and the fourth port of the first directional coupler is a through end; the first port of the second directional coupler is a first input end, the second port of the second directional coupler is a second input end, the third port of the second directional coupler is an isolation end, and the fourth port of the second directional coupler is an output end; the fourth port of the first directional coupler is connected with the second port of the second directional coupler, and the third port of the first directional coupler is connected with the first port of the second directional coupler.
7. The multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier of claim 5, wherein the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler each comprise four ports; the first port of the first directional coupler is an input end, the second port of the first directional coupler is an isolation end, the third port of the first directional coupler is a coupling end, and the fourth port of the first directional coupler is a through end; the first port of the second directional coupler is a first input end, the second port of the second directional coupler is a second input end, the third port of the second directional coupler is an output end, and the fourth port of the second directional coupler is an isolation end; the fourth port of the first directional coupler is connected with the first port of the second directional coupler, and the third port of the first directional coupler is connected with the second port of the second directional coupler.
8. The multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier of claim 5, wherein the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler each comprise four ports; the first port of the first directional coupler is an isolation end, the second port of the first directional coupler is an input end, the third port of the first directional coupler is a through end, and the fourth port of the first directional coupler is a coupling end; the first port of the second directional coupler is a first input end, the second port of the second directional coupler is a second input end, the third port of the second directional coupler is an output end, and the fourth port of the second directional coupler is an isolation end; the fourth port of the first directional coupler is connected with the second port of the second directional coupler, and the third port of the first directional coupler is connected with the first port of the second directional coupler.
9. The multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier of claim 5, wherein the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler each comprise four ports; the first port of the first directional coupler is an isolation end, the second port of the first directional coupler is an input end, the third port of the first directional coupler is a through end, and the fourth port of the first directional coupler is a coupling end; the first port of the second directional coupler is a first input end, the second port of the second directional coupler is a second input end, the third port of the second directional coupler is an isolation end, and the fourth port of the second directional coupler is an output end; the fourth port of the first directional coupler is connected with the first port of the second directional coupler, and the third port of the first directional coupler is connected with the second port of the second directional coupler.
10. The multi-stage ultra-wideband power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the ultra-wideband power amplifier comprises multiple stages; each front-stage power amplifier and the connected rear-stage power amplifier are provided with the first directional coupler and the second directional coupler.
11. The multi-stage ultra wideband power amplifier of claim 1 or 10, wherein the first and second directional couplers are disposed between an output match of a preceding stage power amplifier and an input match of a subsequent stage power amplifier.
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