CN115764225B - Waveguide power divider - Google Patents
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- CN115764225B CN115764225B CN202211408958.5A CN202211408958A CN115764225B CN 115764225 B CN115764225 B CN 115764225B CN 202211408958 A CN202211408958 A CN 202211408958A CN 115764225 B CN115764225 B CN 115764225B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power splitters, and discloses a waveguide power splitter which comprises an E-plane waveguide input port, an E-plane overmode waveguide, an H-plane overmode waveguide and a microstrip output port which are sequentially connected, wherein the microstrip output port comprises a first microstrip output port and a second microstrip output port, the narrow side of the E-plane overmode waveguide is parallel to the wide side of the H-plane overmode waveguide, the E-plane overmode waveguide is of a structure symmetrical with the central plane of the wide side of the H-plane overmode waveguide, and the first microstrip output port and the second microstrip output port are symmetrical with the central plane of the wide side of the H-plane overmode waveguide. The invention solves the problems that the technical requirements of structural size, high efficiency, miniaturization, anti-phase output and the like are difficult to be considered in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power splitters, in particular to a waveguide power splitter.
Background
With the rapid development of microwave, millimeter wave communication technology and electronic countermeasure technology, various types of high-performance solid-state amplifiers are widely applied, and the demand for high-power solid-state amplifiers is increasing. At microwave or higher frequency bands, a single solid state device typically cannot provide sufficient output power, and the required power requires synthesis techniques to achieve. The power divider is a microwave passive device for power distribution or combination, and the main transmission lines forming the structure of the power divider are waveguides, coaxial lines, microstrip lines and the like according to different requirements.
The power divider has two main functions: 1. the power divider can transmit a certain proportion of power to each unit of the antenna array; 2. signals of different polarizations and frequencies in the front-end system need to be distributed in the power divider. In both functions, the phase difference between the output ports plays an important role. The power synthesis mode is mainly divided into planar, waveguide-type and quasi-optical power synthesis according to the physical structure. The planar power synthesis size is small and easy to process, but the circuit loss is large in the millimeter wave frequency band, so that the efficient high-power synthesis is difficult to realize. The quasi-optical power is combined into transmission type and reflection type, the input end adopts an aperture antenna to radiate energy, an array antenna is adopted to receive signals at a certain distance from the radiation antenna so as to realize multi-path power division, and all the signals are amplified and combined in the same mode. However, the quasi-optical power synthesis has large volume, high cost and low synthesis efficiency in the millimeter wave frequency band. Compared with planar and quasi-optical power synthesis, the waveguide type power synthesis has the advantages of small loss in millimeter wave frequency bands, compact structure, large synthesizable path number and good heat dissipation effect, and is widely applied to high-efficiency high-power synthesis in millimeter wave frequency bands. The binary power synthesis technology is a common synthesis mode for realizing multipath power synthesis in millimeter wave frequency band, and the basic synthesis unit is a waveguide T-shaped junction power divider.
The phase difference of the common T-shaped junction waveguide power divider is 0 degrees. When the inverted output is required, the conventional method generally adopts to connect an external circuit (such as a phase shifter, etc.) to the output port, add a foreign material (such as ferrite, etc.), bend the output port, etc. These methods firstly lead to a narrowing of the working bandwidth, a larger volume and an increase in losses of the power divider, and secondly their structure may become a three-dimensional structure, which is disadvantageous for machining and planar integration. Therefore, the technical requirements of structural size, high efficiency, miniaturization, anti-phase output and the like are hardly met by adopting the single waveguide type power divider.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a waveguide power divider, which solves the problems that the prior art has the technical requirements of structural size, high efficiency, miniaturization, anti-phase output and the like.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a waveguide merit divides ware, includes E face waveguide input port, E face overmode waveguide, H face overmode waveguide, the microstrip output port that connects gradually, microstrip output port includes first microstrip output port, second microstrip output port, and E face overmode waveguide's narrow side is parallel with H face overmode waveguide broadside, and E face overmode waveguide is the structure of the central plane symmetry about H face overmode waveguide broadside, and first microstrip output port, second microstrip output port are about the central plane symmetry of H face overmode waveguide broadside.
The radio frequency signals of all waveguides are fed in by an E-plane waveguide input port, are transmitted to an E-plane overmode waveguide through the E-plane waveguide input port, are coupled to an H-plane overmode waveguide, and are output through two paths of microstrip output ports, wherein the output signals are signals with equal amplitude and 180-degree phase difference. The invention adopts the mode conversion technology realized by the mutual coupling and the inhibition of the main mode and the first high-order mode, and on the premise of not changing the signal amplitude and increasing the size, the phase of one output signal is overturned, and finally, two paths of equal-amplitude anti-phase output is realized. Compared with the traditional anti-phase power divider, the anti-phase power divider has the advantages of small structural size, easiness in processing, and large power capacity, and increases the working bandwidth range of the anti-phase, and the waveguide does not need to be subjected to high-speed transition.
As a preferable technical scheme, an E-plane waveguide input port, an E-plane overmode waveguide, an H-plane overmode waveguide and a microstrip output port are sequentially coupled and connected.
As a preferable technical scheme, the E-plane waveguide input port is an E-plane rectangular waveguide input port.
As a preferable technical scheme, the H-plane overmode waveguide is a rectangular waveguide.
As a preferable technical scheme, the E-plane overmode waveguide is a rectangular waveguide.
Rectangular waveguides make the effect of the invention better.
As a preferable technical scheme, the output frequency range of the microstrip output port is 26.4GHz-40 GHz.
In the range, the phase difference of the first microstrip output port and the second microstrip output port is 180 degrees, and the anti-phase output requirement is most satisfied.
As a preferable technical scheme, the waveguide materials of the E-plane waveguide input port, the E-plane overmode waveguide and the H-plane overmode waveguide are all copper.
As a preferable technical scheme, the microstrip material of the microstrip output port is copper.
The above materials make the effect of the invention better.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention adopts standard rectangular waveguide port input and microstrip port output, can be directly applied to microwave, millimeter wave communication and electronic countermeasure systems, and is convenient to use;
(2) The signal anti-phase output of the invention is realized by utilizing the coupling and the suppression between the rectangular waveguide main mode (TE 10 mode) and the first higher order mode (TE 20 mode). The electromagnetic field of the input port in the structure can be transmitted only through a main mode (TE 10 mode), and the main mode (TE 10 mode) and the first high-order mode (TE 20 mode) can be excited simultaneously after the electromagnetic field is transmitted through the E-plane overmode rectangular waveguide of the coupling cavity, and the main mode (TE 10 mode) with even symmetrical electric field distribution is restrained because the coupling cavity is vertically and symmetrically arranged, and the electric field is continuously transmitted only through the first high-order mode (TE 20 mode) with odd symmetrical electric field distribution, so that the electromagnetic wave propagation mode in the waveguide cavity is converted from the main mode (TE 10 mode) to the first high-order mode (TE 20 mode). The electric field of the first higher-order mode (TE 20 mode) is odd symmetrically distributed, and after microstrip coupling, the equal-amplitude anti-phase output from the waveguide to the microstrip can be realized;
(3) The invention can realize the equal amplitude anti-phase output of ultra-wideband cross octaves, and can adopt a multistage ladder matching and gradual change matching structure to realize ultra-wideband mode matching;
(4) The mode conversion technology adopted by the invention does not need to reduce and transition the rectangular waveguide, so that the power capacity is large and the insertion loss is low;
(5) The rectangular waveguide microstrip double-probe phase reversal power divider based on the mode conversion technology has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, good input standing wave, wide working bandwidth, large power capacity and the like. Can meet various application requirements, such as a high-power high-efficiency power synthesis system, a phased array feed network and the like, and has great application advantages.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a phase plot of two output ports of the frequency response of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram showing electric field distribution in the working state of the present invention.
The reference numerals and corresponding part names in the drawings: 1. the device comprises an E-plane waveguide input port, a 2-microstrip output port, a 3-plane over-mode waveguide, an E-plane over-mode waveguide, a 4-plane over-mode waveguide, an H-plane over-mode waveguide, a 21-plane first microstrip output port, a 22-plane second microstrip output port.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a waveguide power divider includes an E-plane waveguide input port 1, an E-plane overmode waveguide 3, an H-plane overmode waveguide 4, and a microstrip output port 2, which are sequentially connected, wherein the microstrip output port 2 includes a first microstrip output port 21 and a second microstrip output port 22, a narrow side of the E-plane overmode waveguide 3 is parallel to a broad side of the H-plane overmode waveguide 4, the E-plane overmode waveguide 3 is a structure symmetrical with respect to a central plane of the broad side of the H-plane overmode waveguide 4, and the first microstrip output port 21 and the second microstrip output port 22 are symmetrical with respect to a central plane of the broad side of the H-plane overmode waveguide 4.
All the radio frequency signals of the waveguides are fed in through the E-plane waveguide input port 1, are transmitted to the E-plane overmode waveguide 3 through the E-plane waveguide input port 1, are coupled to the H-plane overmode waveguide 4, and are output through the two paths of microstrip output ports 2, wherein the output signals are signals with equal amplitudes and 180-degree phase difference. The invention adopts the mode conversion technology realized by the mutual coupling and the inhibition of the main mode and the first high-order mode, and on the premise of not changing the signal amplitude and increasing the size, the phase of one output signal is overturned, and finally, two paths of equal-amplitude anti-phase output is realized. Compared with the traditional anti-phase power divider, the anti-phase power divider has the advantages of small structural size, easiness in processing, and large power capacity, and increases the working bandwidth range of the anti-phase, and the waveguide does not need to be subjected to high-speed transition.
As a preferable technical scheme, the E-plane waveguide input port 1, the E-plane overmode waveguide 3, the H-plane overmode waveguide 4 and the microstrip output port 2 are coupled and connected in sequence.
As a preferable technical scheme, the E-plane waveguide input port 1 is an E-plane rectangular waveguide input port.
As a preferred technical solution, the H-plane overmode waveguide 4 is a rectangular waveguide.
As a preferred technical solution, the E-plane overmode waveguide 3 is a rectangular waveguide.
Rectangular waveguides make the effect of the invention better.
As a preferable technical scheme, the output frequency range of the microstrip output port 2 is 26.4GHz-40 GHz.
In the above range, the phase difference between the first microstrip output port 21 and the second microstrip output port 22 is 180 °, and the requirement of phase inversion output is satisfied.
As a preferable technical scheme, the waveguide materials of the E-plane waveguide input port 1, the E-plane overmode waveguide 3 and the H-plane overmode waveguide 4 are all copper.
As a preferable technical scheme, the microstrip material of the microstrip output port 2 is copper.
The above materials make the effect of the invention better.
Example 2
As further optimization of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, this embodiment further includes the following technical features on the basis of embodiment 1:
the invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides a waveguide microstrip line double-probe power divider with anti-phase output so as to break through the technical bottleneck of power synthesis.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a waveguide microstrip line dual-probe power divider based on waveguide mode conversion technology, comprising: an E-plane standard rectangular waveguide input port (E-plane waveguide input port 1), two microstrip output ports (first microstrip output port 21, second microstrip output port 22), an E-plane overmode rectangular waveguide of a waveguide coupling cavity, and an H-plane overmode rectangular waveguide (H-plane overmode waveguide 4).
The power divider is of a symmetrical structure, the microstrip output ports are symmetrically arranged after being vertically crossed with the H-plane overmode rectangular waveguide, and the E-plane overmode rectangular waveguide and the H-plane overmode rectangular waveguide are symmetrically arranged after being vertically crossed. The radio frequency signals of all the waveguides are fed in through the input ports of the standard rectangular waveguide, are transmitted to the E-plane overmode rectangular waveguide through the standard rectangular waveguide, are coupled to the H-plane overmode rectangular waveguide, and are output through the output ports of the two paths of micro-strips, wherein the output signals are signals with equal amplitude and 180 DEG phase difference.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts standard rectangular waveguide port input and microstrip port output, can be directly applied to microwave, millimeter wave communication and electronic countermeasure systems, and is convenient to use.
The signal anti-phase output of the invention is realized by utilizing the coupling and the suppression between the rectangular waveguide main mode (TE 10 mode) and the first higher order mode (TE 20 mode). The electromagnetic field of the input port in the structure can be transmitted only through a main mode (TE 10 mode), and the main mode (TE 10 mode) and the first high-order mode (TE 20 mode) can be excited simultaneously after the electromagnetic field is transmitted through the E-plane overmode rectangular waveguide of the coupling cavity, and the main mode (TE 10 mode) with even symmetrical electric field distribution is restrained because the coupling cavity is vertically and symmetrically arranged, and the electric field is continuously transmitted only through the first high-order mode (TE 20 mode) with odd symmetrical electric field distribution, so that the electromagnetic wave propagation mode in the waveguide cavity is converted from the main mode (TE 10 mode) to the first high-order mode (TE 20 mode). Because the electric field of the first higher order mode (TE 20 mode) is in odd symmetry distribution, the equal-amplitude anti-phase output from the waveguide to the microstrip can be realized after microstrip coupling.
The invention can realize the constant amplitude anti-phase output of ultra-wideband cross octaves, and can realize ultra-wideband mode matching by adopting a multistage ladder matching and gradual change matching structure.
The mode conversion technology adopted by the invention does not need to reduce and transition the rectangular waveguide, so that the power capacity is large and the insertion loss is low.
The rectangular waveguide microstrip double-probe phase reversal power divider based on the mode conversion technology has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, good input standing wave, wide working bandwidth, large power capacity and the like. Can meet various application requirements, such as a high-power high-efficiency power synthesis system, a phased array feed network and the like, and has great application advantages.
The invention is suitable for the fields of microwave and millimeter wave communication systems, electronic countermeasure technologies and the like.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, this example provides a more refined embodiment on the basis of example 1 and example 2.
See fig. 1-2. In a preferred embodiment described below, a rectangular waveguide microstrip dual probe inverting power divider based on a mode conversion technique includes: an E-plane standard rectangular waveguide input port, two microstrip output ports, an E-plane overmode rectangular waveguide and an H-plane overmode rectangular waveguide. In the example, the power divider is of a symmetrical structure, the microstrip output port is vertically arranged with the H-plane overmode rectangular waveguide, the E-plane overmode rectangular waveguide and the H-plane overmode rectangular waveguide are vertically crossed and then are symmetrically arranged, and the normal direction of the copper-clad surface of the microstrip line is parallel to the signal transmission direction of the waveguide. The radio frequency signals of all the waveguides are fed in through the input ports of the standard rectangular waveguide, are transmitted to the E-plane overmode rectangular waveguide through the standard rectangular waveguide, are coupled to the H-plane overmode rectangular waveguide, and are output through the output ports of the two paths of micro-strips, wherein the output signals are signals with equal amplitude and 180 DEG phase difference.
The mode conversion technology realized by the mutual coupling and inhibition of the main mode and the first high-order mode is adopted, the phase of one output signal is turned over on the premise of not changing the signal amplitude and increasing the size, and finally, two paths of equal-amplitude anti-phase output is realized. Compared with the traditional anti-phase power divider, the anti-phase power divider has the advantages of small structural size, easiness in processing, and large power capacity, and increases the working bandwidth range of the anti-phase, and the rectangular waveguide does not need to be subjected to height-reducing transition.
See fig. 3. The phase difference of the output port is 180 degrees within the range of 26.4GHz-40GHz according to the frequency response curve, and the requirement of anti-phase output is met.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably implemented.
The scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Any technical solution obtained by carrying out the same or equivalent substitution of technical elements in the specific technical solution described or technical solution which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work on the basis of the specific technical solution described shall be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.
All of the features disclosed in all of the embodiments of this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process disclosed implicitly, except for the mutually exclusive features and/or steps, may be combined and/or expanded and substituted in any way.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but rather to cover all modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a waveguide merit divides ware, its characterized in that includes E face waveguide input port (1), E face overmode waveguide (3), H face overmode waveguide (4), microstrip output port (2) that connect gradually, microstrip output port (2) include first microstrip output port (21), second microstrip output port (22), and the broadside of E face overmode waveguide (3) is parallel with the broadside of H face overmode waveguide (4), and E face overmode waveguide (3) are the structure of the central plane symmetry about H face overmode waveguide (4) broadside, and first microstrip output port (21), second microstrip output port (22) are about the central plane symmetry of H face overmode waveguide (4) broadside.
2. The waveguide power divider according to claim 1, wherein the E-plane waveguide input port (1), the E-plane overmode waveguide (3), the H-plane overmode waveguide (4) and the microstrip output port (2) are coupled in sequence.
3. A waveguide power divider according to claim 2, characterized in that the E-plane waveguide input port (1) is an E-plane rectangular waveguide input port.
4. A waveguide power divider according to claim 3, characterized in that the H-plane overmoded waveguide (4) is a rectangular waveguide.
5. A waveguide power divider according to claim 4, characterized in that the E-plane overmoded waveguide (3) is a rectangular waveguide.
6. A waveguide power divider according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the microstrip output port (2) has an output frequency in the range of 26.4GHz to 40GHz.
7. The waveguide power divider according to claim 6, wherein the waveguide materials of the E-plane waveguide input port (1), the E-plane overmode waveguide (3) and the H-plane overmode waveguide (4) are all copper.
8. A waveguide power divider according to claim 7, characterized in that the microstrip material of the microstrip output port (2) is copper.
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