CN118339143A - α-磺基脂肪酸盐的纯化方法 - Google Patents
α-磺基脂肪酸盐的纯化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN118339143A CN118339143A CN202280079560.3A CN202280079560A CN118339143A CN 118339143 A CN118339143 A CN 118339143A CN 202280079560 A CN202280079560 A CN 202280079560A CN 118339143 A CN118339143 A CN 118339143A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid salt
- sulfofatty acid
- alpha
- sulfofatty
- solvent
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
- C07C303/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C303/44—Separation; Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/01—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C211/02—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C211/03—Monoamines
- C07C211/07—Monoamines containing one, two or three alkyl groups, each having the same number of carbon atoms in excess of three
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
- A61K8/466—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur containing sulfonic acid derivatives; Salts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q9/00—Preparations for removing hair or for aiding hair removal
- A61Q9/02—Shaving preparations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/44—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers
- C07C209/50—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of carboxylic acid amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/02—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
- C07C233/01—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C233/02—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals
- C07C233/04—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于纯化由脂肪酸与硫氧化物反应获得的粗α‑磺基脂肪酸盐的方法,其包括以下步骤:a)将粗α‑磺基脂肪酸在溶剂中稀释并将pH调节到2至4;b)加热步骤a)中获得的α‑磺基脂肪酸盐的浆料直至完全溶解;c)将步骤b)中获得的α‑磺基脂肪酸盐溶液逐渐冷却至室温,以获得晶体;d)将步骤c)中获得的晶体过滤以除去母液,并用酸性水溶液冲洗滤饼至少两次,以获得纯化的α‑磺基脂肪酸盐。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于纯化由脂肪酸与硫氧化物反应获得的粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐的方法。本发明的方法可以有效且高效地除去硫酸盐杂质。
背景技术
用于生产阴离子表面活性剂的有机酸或醇的磺化早已为人所知。例如,氯磺酸、三氧化硫或浓硫酸可以用作磺化剂。已知α-磺基脂肪酸盐(即,盐形式的混合物,典型地是单盐和二盐)、特别是基于链长为12至18个碳原子的脂肪酸的二盐,以良好的清洁特性为特征。过去,α-磺基脂肪酸或其盐是通过使用无水三氧化硫或二氧化硫作为磺化剂磺化脂肪酸来制备的。这些酸按原样回收,或者通过中和或在更易溶解的碱性盐如硫酸盐存在下沉淀转化为盐。通过这些方法获得的产品通常由于硫酸盐的存在而是有色的,并且需要漂白步骤,例如使用次氯酸钠或在溶液中产生次氯酸根离子的化合物来得到颜色较浅的产品,但该产品仍然含有消费者所不希望的硫酸盐。个人护理产品受消费者需求驱动。不含有声明(Free-from claim)持续增长,并且不含硫酸盐是这一趋势的主要声明,因为市场上对含硫酸盐组合物的负面影响越来越关注,含硫酸盐组合物被广泛认为是眼睛和皮肤的潜在刺激物。
GB 1214714 A披露了一种用于制备α-磺基羧酸单钠的方法。该方法通过溶剂蒸发和用水过滤以及吹干来提供纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。即使通过该方法获得的产品为白色滤饼,并且无需采用漂白步骤,但产品仍含有硫酸盐,通过使用该方法不能将其除去。
美国专利申请2020/0100998A1披露了一种用于生产浅色α-磺基脂肪酸二盐的方法,该方法包括用过氧化氢漂白脂肪酸磺化产物的中和水性糊剂。然而,该方法旨在获得具有可接受的颜色水平的α-磺基脂肪酸盐,而没有任何用于纯化粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐以实现较低水平的硫酸盐含量的工艺或处理。
然而,根据现有技术,不存在现成方法来获得具有可接受的硫酸盐含量水平的纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。因此,本发明的目的是开发一种用于纯化由脂肪酸与硫氧化物反应获得的粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐的方法。
发明内容
本发明出人意料地发现,通过本发明的纯化方法可以获得硫酸盐含量非常低的纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
在一个方面,本发明涉及一种用于纯化由脂肪酸与硫氧化物反应获得的粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐的方法,其包括以下步骤:
a)将粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐在溶剂中稀释并将pH调节到2至4;
b)加热步骤a)中获得的α-磺基脂肪酸盐的浆料直至完全溶解;
c)将步骤b)中获得的α-磺基脂肪酸盐溶液逐渐冷却至室温,以获得晶体;
d)将步骤c)中获得的晶体过滤以除去母液;以及
e)用酸性水溶液冲洗滤饼至少两次,以获得纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
优选地,在步骤a)中,用盐酸将pH值调节到2至4、优选2.5至3.5。
优选地,在步骤a)中,α-磺基脂肪酸盐与溶剂的重量比在1:20至1:4的范围内、优选在1:18至1:5的范围内、优选在1:16至1:6的范围内、更优选在1:15至1:7的范围内、还更优选在1:13至1:8的范围内。
优选地,步骤e)中使用的酸性水溶液至少包含以按重量计0.001%至5%的量、优选以0.01%至3%的量、还优选以0.03%至2.5%的量、更优选0.05%至2%的柠檬酸。
优选地,在步骤(e)中,滤饼冲洗两次。优选地,在两次冲洗中使用的酸性水溶液的重量比为1:1至1:3.5、优选1:1.5至1:3、更优选1:1.8至1:2.5。
在另一方面,本发明涉及通过纯化方法获得的或可获得的纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
在还另一方面,本发明涉及一种个人护理组合物,其包含通过本发明的纯化方法获得的纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
出人意料且出乎意外地,诸位发明人现已发现,通过使用本发明的纯化方法可以获得硫酸盐含量非常低的纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐,并且因此上述目的得以实现。
说明
在整个说明(包括权利要求书)中,除非另有说明,否则术语“包括/含一个/种(comprising one/a)”应理解为与术语“包括/含至少一个/种”同义,并且“在……之间”应理解为包括极限值。
术语“一个/种(a/an)”和“该(the)”用于指一个/种或多于一个/种(即,至少一个/种)的该冠词的语法宾语。
术语“和/或”包括含义“和”、“或”以及还有与此术语相关的要素的所有其他可能的组合。
本文使用的术语“wt.%”或“重量百分比”是指特定组分的重量与整个物品的总重量的比值乘以100。
如本文使用的术语“基本上”是指至少80%、90%、95%、99%或100%。
应当注意的是,在说明浓度、重量比或量的任何范围时,任何特定的浓度、重量比或量的上限可以分别与任何特定的浓度、重量比或量的下限相关联。
本发明涉及一种用于纯化由脂肪酸与硫氧化物反应获得的粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐的方法,其包括以下步骤:
a)将粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐在溶剂中稀释并将pH调节到2至4;
b)加热步骤a)中获得的α-磺基脂肪酸盐的浆料直至完全溶解;
c)将步骤b)中获得的α-磺基脂肪酸盐溶液逐渐冷却至室温,以获得晶体;
d)将步骤c)中获得的晶体过滤以除去母液;以及
e)用酸性水溶液冲洗滤饼至少两次,以获得纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
根据现有技术,通过使具有8至22个碳原子的基本上饱和或不饱和的脂肪酸与二氧化硫或三氧化硫反应来制备α-磺基羧酸的方法包括(a)将硫氧化物和脂肪酸的溶液(在基本上惰性的溶剂中)混合,其量使得硫氧化物摩尔过量(如本领域技术人员所预期的,每摩尔脂肪酸1.1至1.5摩尔硫氧化物通常是合适的);(b)将混合物在最高达混合物沸点的反应温度下维持足以基本上完全反应的时间;(c)然后通过将反应混合物与碱性氢氧化物、优选氢氧化钠的水溶液混合来部分中和反应混合物;(d)从中和溶液中除去溶剂,以获得粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
原则上,磺化可以通过所有已知的方法进行。然而,优选在Fallfil反应器中并用二氧化硫或三氧化硫作为磺化剂进行磺化。例如在德国专利申请40 35 935中详细描述了这种方法。
适合用于生产方法中的脂肪酸基本上是具有6至22个碳原子、并且尤其是8至18个碳原子的直链或支链、饱和或不饱和脂肪酸。按重量计至少90%是月桂酸、硬脂酸、肉豆蔻酸或棕榈酸或其混合物的脂肪酸是特别合适的。优选的是工业脂肪酸混合物,如椰子、棕榈仁或牛脂脂肪酸混合物,并且可以存在少量不饱和脂肪酸,例如油酸。
硫氧化物可以是二氧化硫或三氧化硫,其最方便地呈稳定的液体形式,尽管它可以以气态形式使用。溶剂可以是对硫氧化物、脂肪酸和反应产物基本上惰性的任何溶剂,并且其是用于硫氧化物和脂肪酸二者的溶剂。优选的溶剂包括例如如专利GB 1214714 A中描述的二氯甲烷。脂肪酸的磺化可以在带有搅拌器的反应容器中并且在大气压或更高压力下加热至例如65℃的情况下进行。达到基本上完全反应的反应时间可以相当短,例如5分钟至30分钟。在一些实施例中,如果反应温度较低,则可能需要较长的反应时间。
根据现有技术,用于制备α-磺基脂肪羧酸盐的方法可以在不存在溶剂的情况下用气态硫氧化物进行。例如,脂肪酸首先与气态三氧化硫反应。在这种情况下,三氧化硫优选以使SO3与脂肪酸的摩尔比在1.0:1.0至1.5:1.0范围内的量使用。在这种情况下,将脂肪酸在70℃至95℃的储器温度下引入反应器中。优选地,将磺化后获得的液体磺化产物在控温的后反应盘管中在该温度下维持并老化5至20分钟。
然后使以此方式获得的粗磺化脂肪酸产物/磺化产物(其是酸性磺化产物)经受部分或完全中和。使用中和剂使得磺酸基团和羧酸基团将被转化或部分转化为其盐形式,这取决于中和剂的量。氨,有机碱如胺,但特别是碱金属和碱土金属氢氧化物,以及碱金属碳酸盐和碱金属碳酸氢盐适合作为中和剂。通过脂肪酸磺化获得的酸性混合物可以通过添加包含碱性氢氧化物如氢氧化钠的碱性溶液来中和。特别地,优选使用呈水溶液形式的中和剂。特别优选浓氢氧化钠溶液和氢氧化钾溶液。可以调节碱性氢氧化物的量或中和溶液的pH,以获得磺基羧酸的单钠盐或磺基羧酸的二钠盐。通常,当pH调节至低于5、优选低于4.5时,所得盐绝大部分为磺基羧酸的单钠盐,并且当pH调节至高于4.5时,可以获得磺基羧酸的二钠盐。还可以使用钠或钾的次氯酸盐(优选以水溶液或悬浮液形式)作为中和剂。以此方式,可以同时达到产品所希望的漂白效果。然而,特别地,优选仅在已经生产了单盐糊剂之后才将漂白剂添加到其中。优选用过氧化氢水溶液、过硼酸盐一水合物、过硼酸盐四水合物或次氯酸盐,优选用浓过氧化氢水溶液漂白单盐。
中和并过滤除去液体后获得粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐,并且硫酸钠盐作为杂质存在。根据本发明的任一实施例,粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐包含超过4wt.%、特别是6wt.%至14wt.%或8wt.%至12wt.%的硫酸盐(例如硫酸钠)作为杂质。
为实现本发明的目的,诸位发明人发现了一种用于纯化由脂肪酸与硫氧化物反应获得的粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐的方法,其包括以下步骤:
a)将粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐在溶剂中稀释并将pH调节到2至4;
b)加热步骤a)中获得的α-磺基脂肪酸盐的浆料直至完全溶解;
c)将步骤b)中获得的α-磺基脂肪酸盐溶液逐渐冷却至室温,以获得晶体;
d)将步骤c)中获得的晶体过滤以除去母液;以及
e)用酸性水溶液冲洗滤饼至少两次,以获得纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
步骤(a)
将粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐在溶剂中稀释,并将pH调节到2至4、优选2.5至3.5、更优选约3,特别地,pH优选用盐酸(例如,其浓度在按重量计28%至36%之内,如商业供应的)调节。稀释粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐的合适溶剂可以是水或可与水混溶的溶剂,如乙酸、乙醛、丙酮、乙腈、丁二醇、乙醇、乙胺、乙二醇、甲酸、甘油、甲醇、丙醇、丙二醇、戊二醇、乙胺等。在一些实施例中,溶剂可以是包含一种或多种酸的酸性溶液,这些酸包括硫酸、盐酸、乙酸、柠檬酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸或磺酸。优选地,溶剂包含水,并且更优选地,溶剂基本上是水。
在一些实施例中,α-磺基脂肪酸与溶剂的重量比为1:20至1:4、优选1:18至1:5、优选1:16至1:6、更优选1:15至1:7、还更优选1:13至1:8。
步骤(b)和步骤(c)
在步骤(a)中获得α-磺基脂肪酸盐的浆料,并且然后将其加热直至α-磺基脂肪酸盐完全溶解(步骤(b)),并且然后逐渐冷却至室温(步骤(c)),以获得α-磺基脂肪酸盐的晶体。
在本发明的一些实施例中,将步骤(b)中获得的α-磺基脂肪酸盐溶液以5至40min/℃、优选5至30min/℃的冷却速率冷却至室温。在本发明的一些实施例中,在步骤(c)中,将α-磺基脂肪酸盐的溶液冷却至40℃至60℃、优选45℃至55℃,并维持该温度至少1h、优选1至2或至2.5小时。然后将α-磺基脂肪酸盐的溶液继续冷却至室温以获得晶体。
步骤(d)
将步骤c)中获得的含有α-磺基脂肪酸盐晶体的浆料转移至压滤机中,在压力例如2-4巴下除去母液,以收集α-磺基脂肪酸盐的晶体。
步骤(e)
将步骤(d)中获得的包含α-磺基脂肪酸盐晶体的滤饼用酸性水溶液用在压力(例如2-4巴)下操作的压滤机冲洗至少两次,以获得纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
在本发明的一些实施例中,酸性水溶液可以包含柠檬酸、琥珀酸、草酸、乙醇酸、酒石酸、或磷酸,优选地,步骤e)中使用的酸性水溶液至少包含柠檬酸,更优选地,酸性水溶液包含以按重量计0.001%至5%的量、优选以0.01%至3%的量、还优选以0.03%至2.5%的量、更优选0.05%至2%的柠檬酸。在本发明的一些实施例中,步骤e)中使用的酸性水溶液与α-磺基脂肪酸盐的重量比可以为40:1至1:1,例如30:1至2:1、20:1至2.5:1、优选15:1至3:1、更优选11:1至4:1、还更优选8:1至4.5:1、还更优选7.8:1至5:1、最优选7.8:1至5.6:1。
在一些优选的实施例中,滤饼用酸性水溶液冲洗两次,并且在这两次冲洗中使用的酸性水溶液的重量比为1:1至1:3.5、优选1:1.5至1:3、更优选1:1.8至1:2.5,优选地酸性水溶液包含柠檬酸。在一些优选的实施例中,在第一次冲洗中使用的酸性水溶液是pH为2至4、优选2.5至3.5、更优选约3的柠檬酸溶液,并且在第二次冲洗中使用的酸性水溶液是浓度为0.5wt.%至4wt.%、优选1wt.%至3.5wt.%、更优选1.2wt.%至3wt.%、最优选1.5wt.%至2.5wt.%的柠檬酸溶液。在过滤除去冲洗溶液后获得纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
通过本发明的方法获得的纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐含有小于2wt.%的硫酸盐杂质,优选小于2wt.%、更优选小于1wt.%的硫酸盐杂质。
本发明还涉及通过根据本发明纯化方法的方法获得的或可获得的α-磺基脂肪酸盐用于个人护理或化妆品组合物以及还有洗涤剂和清洁剂的用途。
本发明还涉及一种包含通过本发明的纯化方法获得的纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐的个人护理组合物或化妆品组合物。个人护理组合物旨在局部施用于皮肤或毛发。个人护理组合物可以是冲洗型制剂,其中产品可以局部施用于皮肤或毛发,并且然后随后在几秒至几分钟内用水从皮肤或毛发上冲洗掉。该产品也可以使用基材擦拭掉。个人护理组合物可以例如呈液体、半液体乳霜、乳液、凝胶、固体、或其组合的形式。优选地,该组合物呈以下形式:洗发剂、沐浴凝胶、皂、合成洗涤剂、洗涤膏、洗涤乳液、磨砂膏制剂、泡沫沐浴用品、油类沐浴用品、淋浴沐浴用品、剃须泡沫、剃须乳液、剃须乳霜、牙膏、漱口剂以及牙齿护理产品。
个人护理组合物的实例可以包括但不限于皂条、洗发剂、调理洗发剂、沐浴露、保湿沐浴露、沐浴凝胶、皮肤清洁剂、清洁乳、浴中身体保湿剂、宠物洗发剂、剃须制剂、以及与一次性清洁布结合使用的清洁组合物。关于洗涤剂组合物和清洁组合物,这些组合物可以是例如浴室和厕所清洁剂等,并且还用于卫生设施中使用的清洁和/或芳香凝胶。
本发明的个人护理组合物可以进一步包含表面活性剂,像阴离子、非离子、阳离子、两性表面活性剂,皮肤活性剂,皮肤调理剂和增稠剂。
本发明的个人护理组合物通常通过常规方法制备,如制备冲洗型个人护理组合物领域中已知的方法。此类方法典型地涉及在一个或多个步骤中在加热或不加热、冷却或不冷却、施加真空或没有施加真空等的条件下将成分混合至相对均匀的状态。
实例
材料:
粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐:SFA(45wt.%活性物质),从巴斯夫公司(BASF)可获得
柠檬酸一水合物:Sinopharm AR,>99.5%
测量:
α-磺基脂肪酸盐的组成
将10mg测试样品溶解在10mL甲醇/水(50:50v/v)中,并通过液相色谱/质谱联用进行分析。通过计算色谱上的面积%分布来确定组分的浓度。
硫酸盐含量
单独称取100mg测试样品于100mL容量瓶中,并用去离子水定容至刻度。通过离子色谱法分析测试溶液。使用外标法通过峰面积进行定量。
颜色(哈森(Hazen))
用去离子水(按重量计95%)和异丙醇(按重量计5%)的混合物将α-磺基脂肪酸盐稀释至基于稀释溶液的总含量按重量计4%的干燥残留物。该溶液的色值在来自哈克兰格有限责任公司(Hach Lange GmbH)的商业颜色测量仪器(Lico 500)中的11mm圆形比色皿中测定。色值以哈森单位表示。
纯化方法详述如下:
将粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐(SFA)在水中稀释,以获得700g浆料(α-磺基脂肪酸盐浓度为按重量计8%至15%),并用盐酸或柠檬酸将pH值调节至pH 3。然后将浆料加热至使α-磺基脂肪酸盐完全溶解,并且然后按以下程序将其冷却至室温:
-在3.5小时内从室温升温至70℃,并维持在70℃直至粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐完全溶解;
-以6min/℃的速率冷却至60℃,并在60℃下维持1小时;
-然后以30min/℃的速率冷却至50℃,并在50℃下维持1小时;
-然后以30min/℃的速率冷却至40℃,并在40℃下维持1小时;
-然后以6min/℃的速率冷却至室温。
将含有α-磺基脂肪酸盐晶体的浆料转移至压滤机(SHXB-BZ-0.5L)中,在2巴下持续10分钟除去母液。如下表1中详述的,冲洗并过滤滤饼。通过使用不同的pH调节剂和冲洗程序制备样品。
表1
结果示出,当使用盐酸作为pH调节剂制备粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐的浆料并且使用柠檬酸溶液冲洗滤饼两次(即样品9)时,获得具有较低哈森色数(这表明纯度较高且杂质较少)的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐(样品8)和粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐的组成比较在表2中示出。
表2
Claims (13)
1.一种用于纯化由脂肪酸与硫氧化物反应获得的粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐的方法,其包括以下步骤:
a)将该粗α-磺基脂肪酸在溶剂中稀释并将pH调节到2至4;
b)加热该步骤a)中获得的α-磺基脂肪酸盐的浆料直至完全溶解;
c)将该步骤b)中获得的α-磺基脂肪酸盐溶液逐渐冷却至室温,以获得晶体;
d)将该步骤c)中获得的该晶体过滤以除去母液;以及
e)用酸性水溶液冲洗滤饼至少两次,以获得纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,在该步骤a)中,该α-磺基脂肪酸盐与该溶剂的重量比为1:20至1:4、优选1:18至1:5、优选1:16至1:6、更优选1:15至1:7、还更优选1:13至1:8。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中,在该步骤a)中,该溶剂是水或可与水混溶的溶剂,优选地该溶剂包含水,并且更优选地该溶剂基本上是水。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中,在该步骤a)中,用盐酸将pH值调节到2至4、优选2.5至3.5。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法,其中,在该步骤c)中,将该α-磺基脂肪酸盐溶液冷却至40℃至60℃、优选45℃至55℃,并且在该步骤c)中维持至少1h。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其中,该步骤e)中使用的该酸性水溶液至少包含以按重量计0.001%至5%的量、优选以0.01%至3%的量、还优选以0.03%至2.5%的量、更优选0.05%至2%的柠檬酸。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其中,在该步骤e)中,该酸性水溶液与该α-磺基脂肪酸盐的重量比为40:1至1:1,例如30:1至2:1、20:1至2.5:1、优选15:1至3:1、更优选11:1至4:1、还更优选8:1至4.5:1、还更优选7.8:1至5:1、最优选7.8:1至5.6:1。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,其中,在步骤e)中,该滤饼用酸性水溶液冲洗两次。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中,在该至少两次冲洗中,该酸性水溶液的重量比为1:1至1:3.5、优选1:1.5至1:3、更优选1.1.8至1:2.5。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法,其中,该粗α-磺基脂肪酸盐包含作为杂质的硫酸盐。
11.一种纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐,其通过根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法获得。
12.一种个人护理组合物,其包含通过根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法获得的纯化的α-磺基脂肪酸盐。
13.根据权利要求12所述的个人护理组合物,其中,该组合物呈如下形式:洗发剂、沐浴凝胶、皂、合成洗涤剂、洗涤膏、洗涤乳液、磨砂膏制剂、泡沫沐浴用品、油类沐浴用品、淋浴沐浴用品、剃须泡沫、剃须乳液、剃须乳霜、和牙齿护理产品。
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