CN118325038A - 一种脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- NMGFRGWSRHOQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamic acid;urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O.NC(O)=O NMGFRGWSRHOQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OYQYHJRSHHYEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O.CCOC(N)=O OYQYHJRSHHYEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- GKXVJHDEWHKBFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN GKXVJHDEWHKBFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- JXNPEDYJTDQORS-HZJYTTRNSA-N (9Z,12Z)-octadecadien-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCCO JXNPEDYJTDQORS-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNXZHVUCNYMNOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound CCCCN1CCCC1=O BNXZHVUCNYMNOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXVMODFDROLTFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO MXVMODFDROLTFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLYLVPHSKJVGLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(cyclohexylmethyl)cyclohexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound C1CC(N)(N)CCC1CC1CCCCC1 DLYLVPHSKJVGLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGSBHTZEJMPDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)methyl]-2-methylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)C(C)CC1CC1CC(C)C(N)CC1 IGSBHTZEJMPDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical class O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940112021 centrally acting muscle relaxants carbamic acid ester Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 cyclic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXNPEDYJTDQORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N linoleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCCO JXNPEDYJTDQORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LJRGBERXYNQPJI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-nitrobenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 LJRGBERXYNQPJI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C269/00—Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C269/02—Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups from isocyanates with formation of carbamate groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C273/00—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C273/18—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of substituted ureas
- C07C273/1809—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of substituted ureas with formation of the N-C(O)-N moiety
- C07C273/1818—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of substituted ureas with formation of the N-C(O)-N moiety from -N=C=O and XNR'R"
- C07C273/1827—X being H
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2815—Monohydroxy compounds
- C08G18/282—Alkanols, cycloalkanols or arylalkanols including terpenealcohols
- C08G18/2825—Alkanols, cycloalkanols or arylalkanols including terpenealcohols having at least 6 carbon atoms
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- C08G18/2835—Compounds containing ether groups, e.g. oxyalkylated monohydroxy compounds having less than 5 ether groups
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液及其制备方法,其方法是将单羟基化合物与过量的甲苯二异氰酸酯反应,将反应混合中的未反应的甲苯二异氰酸酯通过减压蒸馏移除,以及与金属盐(代替锂盐)存在的非质子溶剂中使形成的单异氰酸酯加合物进一步与二胺反应以产生脲氨基甲酸酯。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及触变剂技术领域,具体涉及一种脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液及其制备方法。
背景技术
为了控制液体涂覆化合物的流变学行为,通常主要使用氢化蓖麻油、有机改性膨润土、亲水性硅酸和金属皂等触变剂。这些固体产物的缺点是必须加入溶剂且需一定的剪切力分散以形成半成品或者需要控制一定的系统温度引入到涂覆化合物中。假若温度没有保持稳定,则成品的涂覆化合物容易产生晶体而导致扰动,造成涂层缺陷。现如今的流变助剂的一般缺点是它们会导致透明的涂层变浑浊。此外,在生产工程和卫生环保角度来看,处理干燥粉末状产物于处理期间造成粉尘污染是不可取的。
美国专利US 4314924号案中描述二异氰酸酯与单羟基化合物反应摩尔比为1:1通过拓扑定位进行反应,将0.5摩尔的二胺和0.5摩尔二胺当量的氯化锂溶解在相应的非质子溶剂中与第一步得到的异氰酸酯加合物进行反应得到粘性、透明黄棕色的氨基甲酸乙酯溶液,固含量最好控制在40%—50%之间。此过程虽然能得到既不含游离的异氰酸酯基团也不含游离的氨基基团,从而达到不与涂料或粘结剂中的不存在的反应性组分反应的目的。但拓扑定位要求高且所需成本大。假若不使用拓扑定位,该方法不能提供获得纯单加合物的途径,而是形成单加合体和二异氰酸酯的混合物,然后与二胺的反应导致脲氨基甲酸酯链的不受控制的延长,这样的产品容易发生自身凝胶从而出现沉淀,并且极难在溶液中保持。锂盐相对而言成本较高,氯化锂中的氯离子容易腐蚀涂层,硝酸锂和溴化锂的分子量较大,相对氯化锂所需质量更多,成本更高。
发明内容
为此,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液及其制备方法,将单羟基化合物与过量的甲苯二异氰酸酯反应,将反应混合中的未反应的甲苯二异氰酸酯通过减压蒸馏移除,以及与金属盐(代替锂盐)存在的非质子溶剂中使形成的单异氰酸酯加合物进一步与二胺的反应以产生脲氨基甲酸酯,以此制备的溶液具有明确限定结构和较高储存稳定性(达数月)。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1)将甲苯二异氰酸酯和通式结构为R-OH的单羟基化合物反应得到单异氰酸酯加成物,然后去除剩余的甲苯二异氰酸酯,其中,以物质的量计,甲苯二异氰酸酯的用量为单羟基化合物用量的2~4倍;在R-OH中,R是含有4~22个碳原子的正烷基或异烷基、具有3~18个碳原子的链烯基、环烷基、芳烷基或者化学式为CmH2m+1(O-CnH2n)x、CmH2m+1(OOC-CvH2v)x或Z-C6H4(O-CnH2n)X的基团,其中m是1~22,n是2~4,x是1~15,v是4或5,且z是具有1~12个碳原子的烷基:
S2)将步骤S1)中制得的单异氰酸酯加成物在钠盐或铵盐存在的非质子溶剂中与二胺进行反应而产生脲氨基甲酸酯,得到脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液;其中,二胺为NH2-R”-NH2、中的一种或多种,R”=-CyH2y-,且y=2~12,R”'=CH3-或H。
上述脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,步骤S2)中制得的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液的固含量为5~80%。
上述脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,步骤S1)中所使用的甲苯二异氰酸酯为混合物,其中,混合物中甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯的含量为50~80wt%。
上述脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,在步骤S1)中,以物质的量计,甲苯二异氰酸酯的用量为单羟基化合物用量的2~3倍。
上述脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,步骤S2)中所使用的钠盐为硫氰酸钠和/或间硝基苯磺酸钠,优选硫氰酸钠。
上述脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,步骤S2)中所使用的铵盐为醋酸铵。
上述脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,步骤S2)中使用的钠盐或铵盐的物质的量与二胺的物质的量之比为0.4~4。
上述脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,步骤S2)中使用的钠盐或铵盐的物质的量与二胺的物质的量之比为1~3。
上述脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,步骤S2)中使用的钠盐或铵盐的物质的量与二胺的物质的量之比为1.5~2。
一种脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液,利用上述脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法制备而成的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液。
醇R-OH与部分可获得的二异氰酸酯反应形成异氰酸酯单加合物的反应完成后,未反应的过量二异氰酸酯从反应混合物移除,优选温和条件下的真空蒸馏进行。
以此产生的脲氨基甲酸酯溶液的固体含量是5%-80%,优选20%-60%,特别优选45%—55%。单异氰酸酯加成物与二胺的反应于极性的非质子溶剂中进行,例如二甲基亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N-丁基吡咯烷酮或可相当的烷基吡咯烷酮。
用以制备单异氰酸酯加成物的醇R-OH优选是包含线性或分支的一级醇,其可为饱和或未饱和,例如,正丁醇、2-乙基己醇、异十三醇、C10至C20的链长度的格尔伯特醇、油醇、亚油基醇、月桂基醇、硬脂基醇、环脂醇(环己醇或其烷基取代衍生物)及另外的芳族取代的烷醇(苯甲基醇)亦适合。
特别适于调整极性者是上述醇的烷氧化衍生物,在这种情况中,较低级的醇(例如,甲醇或烯丙基醇)亦可被作为烷氧化反应的起始组分。如此制得的产物优选是于链中包含环氧乙烷和或/环氧丙烷单元,且以交替式或嵌段式包含这些单元。典型代表的醇有分子量不同的聚乙二醇、三乙二醇丁醚和四乙二醇丁醚等。
化学式为NH2-R”-NH2的二胺实质上是包含C2至C12链长度的线性二胺,其可为直链或支链。例如,己二胺、辛二胺、癸二胺。相似适当者是环状二胺,例如,4,4’-二氨基二环己基甲烷或3,3’-二甲基-4,4’-二氨基二环己基甲烷。特别优选者是芳族-脂族二胺,例如,间苯二甲胺或对苯二甲胺。
本发明的技术方案取得了如下有益的技术效果:
藉由本发明方法制得的脲氨基甲酸酯既不含有自由的异氰酸酯基,也不含有自由的胺基。利用硫氰酸钠、间硝基苯磺酸钠和醋酸铵替代锂盐制备的脲氨基甲酸酯溶液并不发生凝胶,储存稳定性较高,在室温下能储存六个月甚至更久。本发明制备的脲氨基甲酸酯溶液在粘合剂中具有广泛的相容性。
具体实施方式
对比例
依据EP1048681A2的比较例1(非本发明)
0.2摩尔(70克)的MPEG350于50℃于2小时内添加至0.6摩尔甲苯二异氰酸酯(80%,下文中称T80)中,在此之间,温度保持在50与55℃之间。在添加完成后,再持续搅拌3小时,达到24.1%的理论NCO含量为止。过量的二异氰酸酯由150-170℃的真空(0.1毫巴)蒸馏出。NCO含量是8.0%。而自由TD I含量是<0.5%。将此反应物加入0.1摩尔的苯二甲胺(13.7克)和1摩尔的L i C l(相对于胺的当量)的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液中(122.5克)。在添加完成后,搅拌持续另外的30分钟。然后冷却至室温,以此获得脲烷类溶液具有50%的固体含量。得到具有长期稳定性的清晰产物。
依据CA2352600C的比较例2(非本发明)
0.3摩尔(105克)的MPEG350、0.3摩尔(61.8克)三乙二醇丁醚和0.3摩尔MPEG500(150克)于50℃于2小时内添加至0.9摩尔甲苯二异氰酸酯(T80)中,在此之间,温度保持在50与55℃之间。在添加完成后,再持续搅拌3小时,达到24.0%的理论NCO含量为止。过量的二异氰酸酯由150-170℃的真空(0.1毫巴)蒸馏出。NCO含量是7.98%。而自由TD I含量是<0.5%。将此反应物(取472克)加入0.5摩尔的苯二甲胺(68克)和0.75摩尔的L i NO3(相对于胺的当量)的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液中(690克)。在添加完成后,搅拌持续另外的30分钟。然后冷却至室温,以此获得脲烷类溶液具有45%的固体含量。得到具有长期稳定性的清晰产物。
单异氰酸酯加成物的制备(本发明)
实施例1
0.1摩尔(20.628g)的三乙二醇丁醚和0.3摩尔(150g)MPEG500于50℃在两个小时期间被添加至1.2摩尔甲苯二异氰酸酯(80%)中。温度保持50至55℃之间。添加结束后,搅拌持续3小时,至达到22.2%的理论NCO含量为止。过量的甲苯二异氰酸酯由150至170℃的真空(0.1毫巴)蒸馏而移除。NCO含量是6.992%,自由TD I含量<0.5%。
实施例2
0.3摩尔(61.884)的三乙二醇丁醚和0.1摩尔(20g)异十三烷醇于45℃在两个小时期间被添加至1.2摩尔甲苯二异氰酸酯(T80)中。温度保持45℃左右。添加结束后,搅拌持续3小时,至达到28.9%的理论NCO含量为止。过量的甲苯二异氰酸酯由150至170℃的真空(0.1毫巴)蒸馏而移除。NCO含量是11.1%,自由TD I含量<0.5%。
脲氨基甲酸酯的制备(本发明)
实施例3
16.9克的间硝基苯磺酸钠和13.6克(0.1摩尔)的苯二甲胺被溶于80℃的150.6克N-甲基吡咯烷酮中。然后,120克的实施例1混合产物于1小时内被添加。当添加完成时,搅拌持续30分钟。溶液被冷却至室温,形成的脲氨基甲酸酯溶液具有50%的固体含量。得到具有长期稳定性的清晰产物。
实施例4
6.1克的硫氰酸钠和13.6克(0.1摩尔)的苯二甲胺被溶于80℃的139.8克N-甲基吡咯烷酮中。然后,120克的实施例1混合产物于1小时内被添加。当添加完成时,搅拌持续30分钟。溶液被冷却至室温,形成的脲氨基甲酸酯溶液具有50%的固体含量。得到具有长期稳定性的清晰产物。
实施例5
5.8克的醋酸铵和13.6克(0.1摩尔)的苯二甲胺被溶于80℃的139.5克N-甲基吡咯烷酮中。然后,120克的实施例1混合产物于1小时内被添加。当添加完成时,搅拌持续30分钟。溶液被冷却至室温,形成的脲氨基甲酸酯溶液具有50%的固体含量。得到的产品近三个月内稳定清晰,三个月后便有少量固体析出。
实施例6
16.9克的间硝基苯磺酸钠和13.6克(0.1摩尔)的苯二甲胺被溶于80℃的106.3克N-甲基吡咯烷酮中。然后,75.8克的实施例1混合产物于1小时内被添加。当添加完成时,搅拌持续30分钟。溶液被冷却至室温,形成的脲氨基甲酸酯溶液具有50%的固体含量。得到具有长期稳定性的清晰产物。
实施例7
6.1克的硫氰酸钠和13.6克(0.1摩尔)的苯二甲胺被溶于80℃的95.5克N-甲基吡咯烷酮中。然后,75.8克的实施例1混合产物于1小时内被添加。当添加完成时,搅拌持续30分钟。溶液被冷却至室温,形成的脲氨基甲酸酯溶液具有50%的固体含量。得到具有长期稳定性的清晰产物。
实施例8
5.8克的醋酸铵和13.6克(0.1摩尔)的苯二甲胺被溶于80℃的95.2克N-甲基吡咯烷酮中。然后,75.8克的实施例1混合产物于1小时内被添加。当添加完成时,搅拌持续30分钟。溶液被冷却至室温,形成的脲氨基甲酸酯溶液具有50%的固体含量。得到的产品近三个月内稳定清晰,三个月后便有少量固体析出。
应用实例:
藉由本发明制备的脲氨基甲酸酯溶液在水和甲苯中测试其相容性和其流变有效性。
为检测在水中和二甲苯中测试其相容性和其流变有效性,脲氨基甲酸酯以1%固体含量被加入水或二甲苯中,以600rmp/min的剪切速率搅拌30分钟。评估是于24小时后进行的。
流变功效性的评估:1=厚凝胶,6=无凝胶。
相容性的评估:1=澄清溶液,6=氨基甲酸酯的沉淀。
表1:纯水中应用结果
表2:纯二甲苯应用结果
所显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本专利申请权利要求的保护范围之中。
Claims (10)
1.一种脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1)将甲苯二异氰酸酯和通式结构为R-OH的单羟基化合物反应得到单异氰酸酯加成物,然后去除剩余的甲苯二异氰酸酯,其中,以物质的量计,甲苯二异氰酸酯的用量为单羟基化合物用量的2~4倍;在R-OH中,R是含有4~22个碳原子的正烷基或异烷基、具有3~18个碳原子的链烯基、环烷基、芳烷基或者化学式为CmH2m+1(O-CnH2n)x、CmH2m+1(OOC-CvH2v)x或Z-C6H4(O-CnH2n)X的基团,其中m是1~22,n是2~4,x是1~15,v是4或5,且z是具有1~12个碳原子的烷基:
S2)将步骤S1)中制得的单异氰酸酯加成物在钠盐或铵盐存在的非质子溶剂中与二胺进行反应而产生脲氨基甲酸酯,得到脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液;其中,二胺为NH2-R”-NH2、中的一种或多种,R”=-CyH2y-,且y=2~12,R”'=CH3-或H。
2.根据权利要求1所述的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2)中制得的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液的固含量为5~80%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1)中所使用的甲苯二异氰酸酯为混合物,其中,混合物中甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯的含量为50~80wt%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤S1)中,以物质的量计,甲苯二异氰酸酯的用量为单羟基化合物用量的2~3倍。
5.根据权利要求1所述的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2)中所使用的钠盐为硫氰酸钠和/或间硝基苯磺酸钠。
6.根据权利要求1所述的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2)中所使用的铵盐为醋酸铵。
7.根据权利要求1所述的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2)中使用的钠盐或铵盐的物质的量与二胺的物质的量之比为0.4~4。
8.根据权利要求1所述的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2)中使用的钠盐或铵盐的物质的量与二胺的物质的量之比为1~3。
9.根据权利要求1所述的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2)中使用的钠盐或铵盐的物质的量与二胺的物质的量之比为1.5~2。
10.一种脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液,其特征在于,利用权利要求1所述的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液制备方法制备而成的脲氨基甲酸酯触变剂溶液。
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